阅读(1024) (0)

鸿蒙OS JS FA如何调用PA

2020-09-16 17:53:44 更新

JS UI 框架提供了 JS FA(Feature Ability)调用 Java PA(Particle Ability)的机制,该机制提供了一种通道来传递方法调用、数据返回以及订阅事件上报。

当前提供 Ability 和 Internal Ability 两种调用方式,开发者可以根据业务场景选择合适的调用方式进行开发。

  • Ability:拥有独立的 Ability 生命周期,FA 使用远端进程通信拉起并请求 PA 服务,适用于基本服务供多 FA 调用或者服务在后台独立运行的场景。

  • Internal Ability:与 FA 共进程,采用内部函数调用的方式和 FA 进行通信,适用于对服务响应时延要求较高的场景。该方式下 PA 不支持其他 FA 访问调用。

JS 端与 Java 端通过 bundleName 和 abilityName 来进行关联。在系统收到 JS 调用请求后,根据开发者在 JS 接口中设置的参数来选择对应的处理方式。开发者在 onRemoteRequest() 中实现 PA 提供的业务逻辑。详细信息请参考 JS FA调用Java PA机制

FA 调用 PA 接口

FA 端提供以下三个 JS 接口:

  • FeatureAbility.callAbility(OBJECT):调用 PA 能力。
  • FeatureAbility.subscribeAbilityEvent(OBJECT, Function):订阅 PA 能力。
  • FeatureAbility.unsubscribeAbilityEvent(OBJECT):取消订阅 PA 能力。

PA 端提供以下两类接口:

  • boolean IRemoteObject.onRemoteRequest(int code, MessageParcel data, MessageParcel reply, MessageOption option):Ability 调用方式,FA 使用远端进程通信拉起并请求PA服务。
  • boolean AceInternalAbility.AceInternalAbilityHandler.onRemoteRequest(int code, MessageParcel data, MessageParcel reply, MessageOption option):Internal Ability 调用方式,采用内部函数调用的方式和 FA 进行通信。

FA 调用 PA 常见问题

  • callAbility返回报错:"Internal ability not register."

返回该错误说明 JS 接口调用请求未在系统中找到对应的 InternalAbilityHandler 进行处理,因此需要检查以下几点是否正确执行:

  1. 在 AceAbility 继承类中对 AceInternalAbility 继承类执行了 register 方法,具体注册可参考 Internal Ability 的示例代码。
  2. JS 侧填写的 bundleName 和 abilityName 与 AceInternalAbility 继承类构造函数中填写的名称保持相同,大小写敏感。
  3. 检查 JS 端填写的 abilityType(0:Ability; 1:Internal Ability),确保没有将 Ability 误填写为 Internal Ability 方式。

Ability 和 Internal Ability 是两种不同的 FA 调用 PA 的方式。 [表1]列举了在开发时各方面的差异,供开发者参考,避免开发时将两者混淆使用:

差异项 Ability InternalAbility
JS端(abilityType) 0 1
是否需要在 config.json 的 abilities 中为 PA 添加声明 需要(有独立的生命周期) 不需要(和FA共生命周期)
是否需要在FA中注册 不需要 需要
继承的类 ohos.aafwk.ability.Ability ohos.ace.ability.AceInternalAbility
是否允许被其他FA访问调用

  • FeatureAbility.callAbility中syncOption参数说明:

  • 对于 JS FA 侧,返回的结果都是 Promise 对象,因此无论该参数取何值,都采用异步方式等待 PA 侧响应。
  • 对于 JAVA PA 侧,在 Internal Ability 方式下收到 FA 的请求后,根据该参数的取值来选择:通过同步的方式获取结果后返回;或者异步执行 PA 逻辑,获取结果后使用 remoteObject.sendRequest 的方式将结果返回 FA。

  • 使用 await 方式调用时 IDE 编译报错,需引入 babel-runtime/regenerator,具体请参见接口通用规则

示例参考

  • FA JavaScript端

  // abilityType: 0-Ability; 1-Internal Ability
  const ABILITY_TYPE_EXTERNAL = 0;
  const ABILITY_TYPE_INTERNAL = 1;
  // syncOption(Optional, default sync): 0-Sync; 1-Async
  const ACTION_SYNC = 0;
  const ACTION_ASYNC = 1;
  const ACTION_MESSAGE_CODE_PLUS = 1001;
  export default {
    plus: async function() {
      var actionData = {};
      actionData.firstNum = 1024;
      actionData.secondNum = 2048;

   
      var action = {};
      action.bundleName = 'com.huawei.hiaceservice';
      action.abilityName = 'CalcServiceAbility';
      action.messageCode = ACTION_MESSAGE_CODE_PLUS;
      action.data = actionData;
      action.abilityType = ABILITY_TYPE_EXTERNAL;
      action.syncOption = ACTION_SYNC;

   
      var result = await FeatureAbility.callAbility(action);
      var ret = JSON.parse(result);
      if (ret.code && ret.code == 0) {
        console.info('plus result is:' + JSON.stringify(ret.abilityResult));
      } else {
        if (ret.code) {
          console.error('plus error code:' + JSON.stringify(ret.code));
        } else {
          console.error('plus error undefined.');
        }
      }
    }
  }

  • PA 端(Ability 方式)

功能代码实现:

CalcServiceAbility.java

  // ohos相关接口包
  import ohos.aafwk.ability.Ability;
  import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
  import ohos.rpc.IRemoteBroker;
  import ohos.rpc.IRemoteObject;
  import ohos.rpc.RemoteObject;
  import ohos.rpc.MessageParcel;
  import ohos.rpc.MessageOption;
  import ohos.utils.zson.ZSONObject;

   
  import java.util.HashMap;
  import java.util.Map;

   
  public class CalcServiceAbility extends Ability {
      private static final String TAG = "CalcServiceAbility";
      private MyRemote remote = new MyRemote();
      // FA在请求PA服务时会调用AbilityconnectAbility连接PA,连接成功后,需要在onConnect返回一个remote对象,供FA向PA发送消息
      @Override
      protected IRemoteObject onConnect(Intent intent) {
          super.onConnect(intent);
          return remote.asObject();
      }
      class MyRemote extends RemoteObject implements IRemoteBroker {
          private static final int ERROR = -1;
          private static final int SUCCESS = 0;
          private static final int PLUS = 1001;   

   
          MyRemote() {
              super("MyService_MyRemote");
          }

   
          @Override
          public boolean onRemoteRequest(int code, MessageParcel data, MessageParcel reply, MessageOption option) {
              switch (code) {
                  case PLUS: {
                      String zsonStr = data.readString();
                      RequestParam param = ZSONObject.stringToClass(zsonStr, RequestParam.class);

                      
                      // 返回结果仅支持可序列化的Object类型
                      Map<String, Object> zsonResult = new HashMap<String, Object>();
                      zsonResult.put("code", SUCCESS);
                      zsonResult.put("abilityResult", param.getFirstNum() + param.getSecondNum());
                      reply.writeString(ZSONObject.toZSONString(zsonResult));
                      break;
                  }
                  default: {
                      Map<String, Object> zsonResult = new HashMap<String, Object>();
                      zsonResult.put("abilityError", ERROR);
                      reply.writeString(ZSONObject.toZSONString(zsonResult));
                      return false;
                  }
              }
              return true;
          }

   
          @Override
          public IRemoteObject asObject() {
              return this;
          }
      }
  }

请求参数代码:

RequestParam.java

  public class RequestParam {
      private int firstNum;
      private int secondNum;

   
      public int getFirstNum() {
          return firstNum;
      }

   
      public void setFirstNum(int firstNum) {
          this.firstNum = firstNum;
      }

   
      public int getSecondNum() {
          return secondNum;
      }

   
      public void setSecondNum(int secondNum) {
          this.secondNum = secondNum;
      }
  }

  • PA 端(Internal Ability方式)

功能代码实现:

CalcInternalAbility.java

  // ohos相关接口包
  import ohos.ace.ability.AceInternalAbility;
  import ohos.app.AbilityContext;
  import ohos.rpc.IRemoteObject;
  import ohos.rpc.MessageOption;
  import ohos.rpc.MessageParcel;
  import ohos.rpc.RemoteException;
  import ohos.utils.zson.ZSONObject;

   
  import java.util.HashMap;
  import java.util.Map;

   
  public class CalcInternalAbility extends AceInternalAbility {
      private static final String TAG = CalcInternalAbility.class.getSimpleName();
      private static final String BUNDLE_NAME = "com.huawei.hiaceservice";
      private static final String ABILITY_NAME = "CalcInternalAbility";
      private static final int ERROR = -1;
      private static final int SUCCESS = 0;
      private static final int PLUS = 1001;

   
      private static CalcInternalAbility instance;
      private AbilityContext abilityContext;

   
      // 如果多个Ability实例都需要注册当前InternalAbility实例,需要更改构造函数,设定自己的bundleName和abilityName
      public CalcInternalAbility() {
          super(BUNDLE_NAME, ABILITY_NAME);
      }

   
      public boolean onRemoteRequest(int code, MessageParcel data, MessageParcel reply, MessageOption option) {
          switch (code) {
              case PLUS: {
                  String zsonStr = data.readString();
                  RequestParam param = ZSONObject.stringToClass(zsonStr, RequestParam.class);
                  // 返回结果当前仅支持String,对于复杂结构可以序列化为ZSON字符串上报
                  Map<String, Object> zsonResult = new HashMap<String, Object>();
                  zsonResult.put("code", SUCCESS);
                  zsonResult.put("abilityResult", param.getFirstNum() + param.getSecondNum());
                  // SYNC
                  if (option.getFlags() == MessageOption.TF_SYNC) {
                      reply.writeString(ZSONObject.toZSONString(zsonResult));
                  } else {
                      // ASYNC
                      MessageParcel reponseData = MessageParcel.obtain();
                      reponseData.writeString(ZSONObject.toZSONString(zsonResult));
                      IRemoteObject remoteReply = reply.readRemoteObject();
                      try {
                          remoteReply.sendRequest(0, reponseData, MessageParcel.obtain(), new MessageOption());
                          reponseData.reclaim();
                      } catch (RemoteException exception) {
                          return false;
                      }
                  }
                  break;
              }
              default: {
                  Map<String, Object> zsonResult = new HashMap<String, Object>();
                  zsonResult.put("abilityError", ERROR);
                  reply.writeString(ZSONObject.toZSONString(zsonResult));
                  return false;
              }
          }
          return true;
      }

   
      /**
       * Internal ability registration.
       */
      public static void register(AbilityContext abilityContext) {
          instance = new CalcInternalAbility();
          instance.onRegister(abilityContext);
      }

   
      private void onRegister(AbilityContext abilityContext) {
          this.abilityContext = abilityContext;
          this.setInternalAbilityHandler((code, data, reply, option) -> {
              return this.onRemoteRequest(code, data, reply, option);
          });
      }

   
      /**
       * Internal ability deregistration.
       */
      public static void deregister() {
          instance.onDeregister();
      }

   
      private void onDeregister() {
          abilityContext = null;
          this.setInternalAbilityHandler(null);
      }
  }

Internal Ability 注册:修改继承 AceAbility 工程中的代码

  public class HiAceInternalAbility extends AceAbility {

   
      @Override
      public void onStart(Intent intent) {
          super.onStart(intent);
          // 注册
          CalcInternalAbility.register(this);
          ...
      }
      @Override 
      public void onStop() {
          // 去注册
          CalcInternalAbility.deregister();     
          super.onStop();
      }
  }