Postgresql源码(123)事务提交时三段资源释放分析ResourceOwnerRelease

2024-02-20 08:11:12 浏览数 (1)

0 总结

  1. 三段释放原因:因为如果先释放锁,没有释放一些共享资源(比如pin住的buffer),别人拿到锁后发现我们仍然持有一些资源,就会有问题。所以三阶段释放主要是以锁为分界线,先释放锁保护的资源,在释放锁,在清理私有资源。这样可以保证别人拿到锁后,一定也能拿到对应的资源。
  2. 三段:先放pinned buffer、relation、dsm这些共享资源;再放锁;所有放其他会话看不到的私有资源。

1 资源随事务释放

三阶段释放是指ResourceOwnerRelease函数在使用时需要调用三次,按固定顺序调用每次删除特定的资源:

  1. RESOURCE_RELEASE_BEFORE_LOCKS
  2. RESOURCE_RELEASE_LOCKS
  3. RESOURCE_RELEASE_AFTER_LOCKS
代码语言:javascript复制
typedef enum
{
	RESOURCE_RELEASE_BEFORE_LOCKS = 1,
	RESOURCE_RELEASE_LOCKS,
	RESOURCE_RELEASE_AFTER_LOCKS,
} ResourceReleasePhase;

例如事务提交时CommitTransaction:

代码语言:javascript复制
static void
CommitTransaction(void)
	...
	...
	...
	ResourceOwnerRelease(TopTransactionResourceOwner,
						 RESOURCE_RELEASE_BEFORE_LOCKS,
						 true, true);

	/* Check we've released all buffer pins */
	AtEOXact_Buffers(true);

	/* Clean up the relation cache */
	AtEOXact_RelationCache(true);

	/*
	 * Make catalog changes visible to all backends.  This has to happen after
	 * relcache references are dropped (see comments for
	 * AtEOXact_RelationCache), but before locks are released (if anyone is
	 * waiting for lock on a relation we've modified, we want them to know
	 * about the catalog change before they start using the relation).
	 */
	AtEOXact_Inval(true);

	AtEOXact_MultiXact();

	ResourceOwnerRelease(TopTransactionResourceOwner,
						 RESOURCE_RELEASE_LOCKS,
						 true, true);
	ResourceOwnerRelease(TopTransactionResourceOwner,
						 RESOURCE_RELEASE_AFTER_LOCKS,
						 true, true);
	...
	...

其他几个事务控制函数资源释放时,也是按照相同的顺序分三阶段释放的:

函数名

phase

isCommit

isTopLevel

CommitTransaction

RESOURCE_RELEASE_BEFORE_LOCKS

true

true

CommitTransaction

RESOURCE_RELEASE_LOCKS

true

true

CommitTransaction

RESOURCE_RELEASE_AFTER_LOCKS

true

true

PrepareTransaction

RESOURCE_RELEASE_BEFORE_LOCKS

true

true

PrepareTransaction

RESOURCE_RELEASE_LOCKS

true

true

PrepareTransaction

RESOURCE_RELEASE_AFTER_LOCKS

true

true

AbortTransaction

RESOURCE_RELEASE_BEFORE_LOCKS

false

true

AbortTransaction

RESOURCE_RELEASE_LOCKS

false

true

AbortTransaction

RESOURCE_RELEASE_AFTER_LOCKS

false

true

CommitSubTransaction

RESOURCE_RELEASE_BEFORE_LOCKS

true

false

CommitSubTransaction

RESOURCE_RELEASE_LOCKS

true

false

CommitSubTransaction

RESOURCE_RELEASE_AFTER_LOCKS

true

false

AbortSubTransaction

RESOURCE_RELEASE_BEFORE_LOCKS

false

false

AbortSubTransaction

RESOURCE_RELEASE_LOCKS

false

false

AbortSubTransaction

RESOURCE_RELEASE_AFTER_LOCKS

false

false

2 为什么要分三阶段释放?

结论

因为如果先释放锁,没有释放一些共享资源(比如pin住的buffer),别人拿到锁后发现我们仍然持有一些资源,就会有问题。所以三阶段释放主要是以锁为分界线,先释放锁保护的资源,在释放锁,在清理私有资源。这样可以保证别人拿到锁后,一定也能拿到对应的资源。

  1. RESOURCE_RELEASE_BEFORE_LOCKS(预锁定阶段):需要释放对其他后端可见的资源(pinned buffers)。为了确保当我们释放另一个后端可能正在等待的锁时,它会看到我们已经完全退出了我们的事务。这是为了防止在释放锁之后,其他后端仍然看到我们持有的资源,从而可能导致数据不一致或其他问题。
  2. RESOURCE_RELEASE_LOCKS(锁定阶段):释放持有的所有锁。这是为了让其他可能正在等待这些锁的后端能够继续执行。
  3. RESOURCE_RELEASE_AFTER_LOCKS(后锁定阶段):后端内部的清理工作。释放那些只有后端自己知道的、不会影响其他后端的资源。

3 代码分析

下面这次提交后对resowner做了扩展性增强,代码逻辑没变但可读性有点差(PG17dev分支)

代码语言:javascript复制
commit b8bff07daa85c837a2747b4d35cd5a27e73fb7b2
Author: Heikki Linnakangas <heikki.linnakangas@iki.fi>
Date:   Wed Nov 8 13:30:50 2023  0200

    Make ResourceOwners more easily extensible.

围绕本篇主题,后面分析这次提交前代码(PG17前的逻辑)

代码语言:javascript复制
static void
ResourceOwnerReleaseInternal(ResourceOwner owner,
							 ResourceReleasePhase phase,
							 bool isCommit,
							 bool isTopLevel)
{
	ResourceOwner child;
	ResourceOwner save;
	ResourceReleaseCallbackItem *item;
	ResourceReleaseCallbackItem *next;
	Datum		foundres;

resowner维护树形结构,递归释放自己的child资源。

代码语言:javascript复制
	for (child = owner->firstchild; child != NULL; child = child->nextchild)
		ResourceOwnerReleaseInternal(child, phase, isCommit, isTopLevel);
	
	...

3.1 第一阶段:RESOURCE_RELEASE_BEFORE_LOCKS

  1. 事务提交时不应该有正在进行中的io了,这里需要把标志位清理干净,避免影响后面事务使用这个buffer。
  2. 清理pinned的buffer
    • 提交时不应该有pinned的了,会告警,回滚时就无所谓了,因为错误不一定出在哪,不一定给机会清理。
  3. 关闭打开的relation
    • 提交时不应该有打开的了,会告警;回滚时同上。
  4. 关闭dsm段
  5. 关闭jit context
代码语言:javascript复制
	if (phase == RESOURCE_RELEASE_BEFORE_LOCKS)
	{
		while (ResourceArrayGetAny(&(owner->bufferioarr), &foundres))
		{
			Buffer		res = DatumGetBuffer(foundres);

			if (isCommit)
				elog(PANIC, "lost track of buffer IO on buffer %d", res);
			AbortBufferIO(res);
		}

		while (ResourceArrayGetAny(&(owner->bufferarr), &foundres))
		{
			Buffer		res = DatumGetBuffer(foundres);

			if (isCommit)
				PrintBufferLeakWarning(res);
			ReleaseBuffer(res);
		}

		while (ResourceArrayGetAny(&(owner->relrefarr), &foundres))
		{
			Relation	res = (Relation) DatumGetPointer(foundres);

			if (isCommit)
				PrintRelCacheLeakWarning(res);
			RelationClose(res);
		}

		while (ResourceArrayGetAny(&(owner->dsmarr), &foundres))
		{
			dsm_segment *res = (dsm_segment *) DatumGetPointer(foundres);

			if (isCommit)
				PrintDSMLeakWarning(res);
			dsm_detach(res);
		}

		while (ResourceArrayGetAny(&(owner->jitarr), &foundres))
		{
			JitContext *context = (JitContext *) DatumGetPointer(foundres);

			jit_release_context(context);
		}
		
		...
		...
		}
	}

3.2 第二阶段:RESOURCE_RELEASE_LOCKS

  1. 如果是顶层事务,直接释放所有锁,具体:
    • 提交时要保留会话锁,释放事务锁。事务没了会话锁还需要继续生效,生命周期比事务长。
    • 回滚时要释放所有锁。
    • 会话锁:咨询锁。
    • 事务锁:行锁、表锁等。
  2. 如果是子事务,按提交回滚做出不同行为。
    • 提交:转移锁到parent resowner。
    • 回滚:释放锁。
代码语言:javascript复制
	else if (phase == RESOURCE_RELEASE_LOCKS)
	{
		if (isTopLevel)
		{
			if (owner == TopTransactionResourceOwner)
			{
				ProcReleaseLocks(isCommit);
				ReleasePredicateLocks(isCommit, false);
			}
		}
		else
		{
			LOCALLOCK **locks;
			int			nlocks;

			...

			if (isCommit)
				LockReassignCurrentOwner(locks, nlocks);
			else
				LockReleaseCurrentOwner(locks, nlocks);
		}
	}

3.3 第三阶段:RESOURCE_RELEASE_AFTER_LOCKS

  1. 释放catcache系统表缓存。
  2. 释放cached plan。
  3. 释放tuple desc,注意tuple desc在构造好后,会用IncrTupleDescRefCount函数,在resowner中记录,按引用计数控制删除。引用计数的机制主要是为了处理TupleDesc在多个地方共享使用的情况。例如一个查询的多个部分可能都需要引用同一个TupleDesc。如果在一个部分结束时就直接删除TupleDesc,那么其他部分就无法继续使用这个TupleDesc了。
  4. 释放快照。
  5. 释放fd。
代码语言:javascript复制
	else if (phase == RESOURCE_RELEASE_AFTER_LOCKS)
	{
		while (ResourceArrayGetAny(&(owner->catrefarr), &foundres))
		{
			HeapTuple	res = (HeapTuple) DatumGetPointer(foundres);

			if (isCommit)
				PrintCatCacheLeakWarning(res);
			ReleaseCatCache(res);
		}

		while (ResourceArrayGetAny(&(owner->catlistrefarr), &foundres))
		{
			CatCList   *res = (CatCList *) DatumGetPointer(foundres);

			if (isCommit)
				PrintCatCacheListLeakWarning(res);
			ReleaseCatCacheList(res);
		}

		while (ResourceArrayGetAny(&(owner->planrefarr), &foundres))
		{
			CachedPlan *res = (CachedPlan *) DatumGetPointer(foundres);

			if (isCommit)
				PrintPlanCacheLeakWarning(res);
			ReleaseCachedPlan(res, owner);
		}

		while (ResourceArrayGetAny(&(owner->tupdescarr), &foundres))
		{
			TupleDesc	res = (TupleDesc) DatumGetPointer(foundres);

			if (isCommit)
				PrintTupleDescLeakWarning(res);
			DecrTupleDescRefCount(res);
		}

		while (ResourceArrayGetAny(&(owner->snapshotarr), &foundres))
		{
			Snapshot	res = (Snapshot) DatumGetPointer(foundres);

			if (isCommit)
				PrintSnapshotLeakWarning(res);
			UnregisterSnapshot(res);
		}

		/* Ditto for temporary files */
		while (ResourceArrayGetAny(&(owner->filearr), &foundres))
		{
			File		res = DatumGetFile(foundres);

			if (isCommit)
				PrintFileLeakWarning(res);
			FileClose(res);
		}
	}

	for (item = ResourceRelease_callbacks; item; item = next)
	{
		next = item->next;
		item->callback(phase, isCommit, isTopLevel, item->arg);
	}

	CurrentResourceOwner = save;
}

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