Java中有许多成熟的HTTP框架可以使用,例如Spring、Netty等。这些框架提供了各种HTTP处理器和工具类,使得HTTP请求和响应处理变得更加容易和高效。下面是一个简单的Java代码示例,演示如何使用Java处理HTTP请求和响应:
代码语言:javascript复制import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class SimpleHttpServer {
private static final int PORT = 8080;
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(PORT);
System.out.println("服务器已启动...");
while (true) {
Socket socket = serverSocket.accept(); // 等待客户端连接
HttpRequest req = new HttpRequest(socket.getInputStream()); // 解析HTTP请求
HttpResponse resp = new HttpResponse(socket.getOutputStream()); // 创建HTTP响应对象
// 处理HTTP请求并发送响应结果
String requestMethod = req.getMethod();
if ("GET".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod)) {
handleGetRequest(req, resp);
} else if ("POST".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod)) {
handlePostRequest(req, resp);
}
socket.close();
}
}
// 处理GET请求
private static void handleGetRequest(HttpRequest req, HttpResponse resp)
throws IOException {
String path = req.getPath();
byte[] body = null;
if ("/hello".equalsIgnoreCase(path)) {
body = "Hello World!".getBytes();
} else {
resp.setStatus(404);
body = "Resource Not Found".getBytes();
}
resp.setBody(body);
resp.write();
}
// 处理POST请求
private static void handlePostRequest(HttpRequest req, HttpResponse resp)
throws IOException {
// TODO: 实现对POST请求的处理
}
}
class HttpRequest {
private String method;
private String path;
public HttpRequest(InputStream input) throws IOException {
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = input.read(buffer);
if (len > 0) {
String[] requestLine = new String(buffer, 0, len).split(" ");
method = requestLine[0];
path = requestLine[1];
}
}
public String getMethod() {
return method;
}
public String getPath() {
return path;
}
}
class HttpResponse {
private OutputStream output;
private int status = 200;
private byte[] body;
public HttpResponse(OutputStream output) {
this.output = output;
}
public void setStatus(int status) {
this.status = status;
}
public void setBody(byte[] body) {
this.body = body;
}
public void write() throws IOException {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("HTTP/1.1 ").append(status).append("rn")
.append("Content-Type: text/plainrn")
.append("Content-Length: ").append(body.length).append("rn")
.append("rn");
output.write(sb.toString().getBytes());
output.write(body);
output.flush();
}
}
在这个例子中,我们创建了一个简单的HTTP服务器来监听指定端口的HTTP请求。当有客户端连接进来时,我们会解析HTTP请求并根据请求方法类型(GET或POST)来分发不同的处理方法,然后根据处理结果构建HTTP响应并将其返回给客户端。
HttpRequest和HttpResponse类分别代表了一个HTTP请求对象和HTTP响应对象。它们提供了一些方法来解析HTTP请求的参数和头部,并构建HTTP响应消息的状态和内容。在handleGetRequest和handlePostRequest方法中,我们可以编写自己的业务逻辑代码来实现对GET和POST请求的处理。需要注意的是,在处理HTTP请求和响应时,我们还需要确保线程安全,避免线程之间的资源竞争问题。