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当学习Python爬虫时,需要注意以下几点:
1. 爬虫的合法性:在爬取网站数据时,需要遵守网站的规定和法律法规,不得进行非法爬取和侵犯他人隐私等行为。
2. 爬虫的速度:在爬取网站数据时,需要控制爬虫的速度,避免对网站造成过大的负担。
3. 数据的处理和存储:在爬取网站数据后,需要对数据进行处理和存储,以便后续的分析和使用。
学习Python爬虫可以参考以下资料:
1. Python官方文档:https://docs.python.org/3/library/index.html
2. Python爬虫教程:https://www.runoob.com/python/python-web-scraping.html
3. Scrapy官方文档:https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/
4. Beautiful Soup官方文档:https://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/bs4/doc/
5. Requests官方文档:https://docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/学习Python的入门手册可以参考以下内容:1. Python入门教程:https://www.runoob.com/python/python-tutorial.html
2. Python基础教程:https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/index.html
3. Python编程从入门到实践:https://book.douban.com/subject/26829016/
4. Python Cookbook:https://book.douban.com/subject/26829016/
5. Python数据科学手册:https://book.douban.com/subject/30293801/
30个代码示例
1. 爬取天气预报数据
代码语言:javascript复制
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
url = ''
response = requests.get(url)
response.encoding = 'utf-8'
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
weather = soup.find('p', class_='wea').text.strip()
temperature = soup.find('p', class_='tem').text.strip()
print('天气:', weather)
print('温度:', temperature)
# 测试用例
# 预期输出:
# 天气: 晴
# 温度: 22℃ / 9℃
2. 爬取股票数据
代码语言:javascript复制python
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
url = ''
response = requests.get(url)
response.encoding = 'utf-8'
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
price = soup.find('strong', class_='last').text.strip()
change = soup.find('strong', class_='c-rise').text.strip()
print('股票价格:', price)
print('涨跌幅:', change)
# 测试用例
# 预期输出:
# 股票价格: 1746.00
# 涨跌幅: 0.52%
3. 爬取新闻网站的文章
代码语言:javascript复制python
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
url = ''
response = requests.get(url)
response.encoding = 'utf-8'
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
news_list = soup.find_all('a', class_='news-item')
for news in news_list:
title = news.text.strip()
link = news['href']
print(title)
print(link)
4. 爬取电影信息和评分
代码语言:javascript复制python
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
url = ''
response = requests.get(url)
response.encoding = 'utf-8'
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
movie_list = soup.find_all('div', class_='info')
for movie in movie_list:
title = movie.find('span', class_='title').text.strip()
rating = movie.find('span', class_='rating_num').text.strip()
print(title)
print(rating)
# 测试用例
# 预期输出:
# 肖申克的救赎
# 9.7
# 霸王别姬
# 9.6
# ...
5. 爬取音乐排行榜
代码语言:javascript复制python
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
url = ''
response = requests.get(url)
response.encoding = 'utf-8'
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
song_list = soup.find_all('div', class_='ttc')
for song in song_list:
title = song.find('a').text.strip()
artist = song.find('span', class_='s-fc8').text.strip()
print(title)
print(artist)
# 测试用例
# 预期输出:
# 你的答案
# 你的答案
# ...
6. 爬取网站上的图片
代码语言:javascript复制python
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
url = '
response = requests.get(url)
response.encoding = 'utf-8'
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
image_list = soup.find_all('img')
for image in image_list:
src = image['src']
alt = image['alt']
print(src)
print(alt)
# 测试用例
# 预期输出:
# 你的答案
# 你的答案
# ...