方式一:原型链继承
特点:实例可继承的属性有:实例的构造函数的属性,父类构造函数属性,父类原型的属性。(新实例不会继承父类实例的属性!) 缺点:新实例无法向父类构造函数传参
代码语言:javascript复制function Parent() {
this.name = 'zs'
}
Parent.prototype.say = function() {
console.log('hello')
}
function Child() {
this.age = 20
}
Child.prototype = new Parent()
const c = new Child();
console.log(c) // Child { name: 'zs', age: 20 }
方式二:借用构造函数继承
特点:可以向父类构造函数传参 缺点:不能继承父类构造函数的原型
代码语言:javascript复制function Parent(name) {
this.name = name
}
function Child() {
Parent.call(this, 'lisi')
this.age = 20
}
const c = new Child();
console.log(c) // Child { name: 'lisi', age: 20 }
方式三:组合式继承:原型链继承 构造函数继承
代码语言:javascript复制function Parent(name) {
this.name = name
}
function Child(name) {
Parent.call(this, name)
this.age = 20
}
Child.prototype = new Parent()
const c = new Child('lisi');
console.log(c) // Parent { name: 'lisi', age: 20 }
方式四:通过 extends 关键字
代码语言:javascript复制class Parent {
name = 'zs'
}
class Child extends Parent {
age = 20
}
const c = new Child();
console.log(c) // Child { name: 'zs', age: 20 }