Spring-JDBCTemplate

2023-01-04 14:52:31 浏览数 (1)

前言

今天开始学习我自己总结的 Java-学习路线 中的《Spring-JDBCTemplate》,小简从 0 开始学 Java 知识,并不定期更新所学笔记,期待一年后的蜕变吧!

JdbcTemplate

Spring 框架对 JDBC 进行封装,使用 JdbcTemplate 方便实现对数据库操作

准备工作

1、引入相关jar包

代码语言:javascript复制
druid-1.2.9.jar
mysql-connector-java-8.0.28.jar
spring-jdbc-5.3.18.jar
spring-orm-5.3.18.jar
spring-tx-5.3.18.jar

2、在spring配置文件配置数据库连接池

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<!--引入外部属性文件,需要配置context名称空间--> 
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:druid.properties"/>
<!--配置连接池--> 
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</bean>

druid.properties

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jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jwt
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

3、配置JdbcTemplate对象,注入DataSource

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<!-- JdbcTemplate对象 -->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
   <!--注入dataSource--> 
   <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>

4、创建service类,创建dao类

  • 在dao中注入jdbcTemplate对象
  • 在service中注入dao对象
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<!-- 组件扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.jwt"></context:component-scan>
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@Service
public class BookService {
    //注入dao
    @Autowired
    private BookDao bookDao;
}
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public interface BookDao {
}
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@Repository
public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {
    //注入JdbcTemplate
    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
}

实现添加操作

1、先创建一个表

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CREATE TABLE `book`(
  id INT,
  name VARCHAR (255),
  status VARCHAR (255)
)CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin ENGINE INNODB ;

2、创建表对应实体类

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public class Book {
    private String bookId;
    private String bookName;
    private String bookStatus;

    public String getBookId() {
        return bookId;
    }

    public void setBookId(String bookId) {
        this.bookId = bookId;
    }

    public String getBookName() {
        return bookName;
    }

    public void setBookName(String bookName) {
        this.bookName = bookName;
    }

    public String getBookStatus() {
        return bookStatus;
    }

    public void setBookStatus(String bookStatus) {
        this.bookStatus = bookStatus;
    }
}

3、编写servicedao

  • 1.在dao中增加数据库添加方法
  • 2.在dao的实现类中实现该方法
    • 调用JdbcTemplate对象里面update(String sql, Object… args)方法实现添加操作
    • 第一个参数:sql语句
    • 第二个参数:可变参数,设置sql语句值
  • 3.在service中调用dao的添加方法
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public interface BookDao {
     void add(Book book);//添加的方法
}
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@Repository
public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {
    //注入JdbcTemplate
    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @Override
    public void add(Book book) {
        // 创建sql语句
        String sql = "INSERT INTO `book` VALUES (?, ?, ?)";
        // 调用方法实现
        int update = jdbcTemplate.update(sql, book.getBookId(), book.getBookName(), book.getBookStatus());
        System.out.println(update);
    }
}
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@Service
public class BookService {
    //注入dao
    @Autowired
    private BookDao bookDao;
    
    public void add(Book book) {
        bookDao.add(book);
    }
}

4、测试

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public class testJDBC {
    @Test
    public void testadd() {
        ApplicationContext context =
                new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("jdbc.xml");
        BookService bookService = context.getBean("bookService", BookService.class);
        Book book = new Book();
        book.setBookId("1");
        book.setBookName("java");
        book.setBookStatus("a");
        bookService.add(book);
    }
}

运行后表中就会成功增加一条数据

实现修改操作

详细请参考添加操作

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@Override
public void update(Book book) {
  String sql = "update book set name=?,status=? where id=?";
  Object[] args = {book.getBookName(), book.getBookStatus(),book.getBookId()};
  int update = jdbcTemplate.update(sql, args);
  System.out.println(update);
}

测试

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@Test
public void testupdate() {
  ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("jdbc.xml");
  BookService bookService = context.getBean("bookService", BookService.class);
  Book book = new Book();
  book.setBookName("C  ");
  book.setBookStatus("b");
  book.setBookId("1");
  bookService.update(book);
}

实现添加操作

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@Override
public void delete(String id) {
  String sql = "delete from book where id=?";
  int update = jdbcTemplate.update(sql,id);
  System.out.println(update);
}

测试

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@Test
public void testdelete() {
  ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("jdbc.xml");
  BookService bookService = context.getBean("bookService", BookService.class);
  bookService.delete("1");
}

实现查询操作

查询返回某个值

  • 查询表里面有多少条记录,返回是某个值
  • queryForObject(String sql, Class<T> requiredType)
    • 第一个参数:sql语句
    • 第二个参数:返回类型Class
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@Override
public int select() {
  String sql = "select count(*) from book";
  Integer count = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, Integer.class);
  return count;
}

测试

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@Test
public void testselect() {
  ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("jdbc.xml");
  BookService bookService = context.getBean("bookService", BookService.class);
  int select = bookService.select();
  System.out.println("select = "   select);
}

查询返回对象

  • queryForObject(String sql, RowMapper<T> rowMapper, 0bject… args)
    • 第一个参数:sql语句
    • 第二个参数:RowMapper 是接口,针对返回不同类型数据,使用这个接口里面 实现类完成数据封装
    • 第三个参数:sql 语句值
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//查询返回对象
@Override
public Book selectObj(String id) {
  String sql = "select * from book where `id`=?";
  Book book = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Book>(Book.class), id);
  return book;
}

测试

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@Test
public void testselectObj() {
  ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("jdbc.xml");
  BookService bookService = context.getBean("bookService", BookService.class);
  Book book = bookService.selectObj("1");
  System.out.println("book = "   book);
}

数据库中表的字段名要和实体类Book中的字段名字一样,不然会返回null

查询返回集合

  • query(String sql, RowMapper<T> rowMapper, 0bject… args)
    • 第一个参数: sql语句
    • 第二个参数: RowMapper 是接口,针对返回不同类型数据,使用这个接口里面实现类完成数据封装
    • 第三个参数: sql 语句值
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@Override
public List<Book> selectCollection() {
  String sql = "select * from book";
  //调用方法
  List<Book> bookList = jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Book>(Book.class));
  return bookList;
}

测试

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@Test
public void testselectCollection() {
  ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("jdbc.xml");
  BookService bookService = context.getBean("bookService", BookService.class);
  List<Book> books = bookService.selectCollection();
  System.out.println("books = "   books);
}

实现批量操作

批量添加

  • batchUpdate方法
    • 第一个参数:sql语句
    • 第二个参数:List集合,添加多条记录数据
代码语言:javascript复制
@Override
public void batchAdd(List<Object[]> batchArgs) {
  String sql = "insert into book values(?,?,?)";
  int[] ints = jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql, batchArgs);
  System.out.println(Arrays.toString(ints));
}

测试

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@Test
public void testbatchAdd() {
  ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("jdbc.xml");
  BookService bookService = context.getBean("bookService", BookService.class);
  List<Object[]> batchArgs = new ArrayList<>();
  Object[] o1 = {"3","java","a"};
  Object[] o2 = {"4","c  ","b"};
  Object[] o3 = {"5","MySQL","c"};
  batchArgs.add(o1);
  batchArgs.add(o2);
  batchArgs.add(o3);
  //调用批量添加
  bookService.batchAdd(batchArgs);
}

批量修改

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@Override
public void batchUpdate(List<Object[]> batchArgs) {
  String sql = "update book set name=?,status=? where id=?";
  int[] ints = jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql, batchArgs);
  System.out.println(Arrays.toString(ints));
}

测试

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@Test
public void testbatchUpdate() {
  ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("jdbc.xml");
  BookService bookService = context.getBean("bookService", BookService.class);
  List<Object[]> batchArgs = new ArrayList<>();
  Object[] o1 = {"java2","a3","3"};
  Object[] o2 = {"c  2","b4","4"};
  Object[] o3 = {"MySQL2","c5","5"};
  batchArgs.add(o1);
  batchArgs.add(o2);
  batchArgs.add(o3);
  bookService.batchUpdate(batchArgs);
}

批量删除

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@Override
public void batchDelete(List<Object[]> batchArgs) {
  String sql = "delete from book where id=?";
  int[] ints = jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql, batchArgs);
  System.out.println(Arrays.toString(ints));
}

测试

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@Test
public void testbatchDelete() {
  ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("jdbc.xml");
  BookService bookService = context.getBean("bookService", BookService.class);
  List<Object[]> batchArgs = new ArrayList<>();
  Object[] o1 = {"3"};
  Object[] o2 = {"4"};
  batchArgs.add(o1);
  batchArgs.add(o2);
  bookService.batchDelete(batchArgs);
}

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