【复制即用】下载ERA-5数据的python脚本分享

分享两个下载era5数据的脚本(根据实际仅需要改动时间、变量、气压层、时次即可使用)，由中国科学技术大学-大气科学先进计算实验室提供。在使用之前，需要先配置CDS API，点击https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/api-how-to即可跳转至配置教程。

下载高空

代码语言：javascript复制

#!/usr/bin/python3
import cdsapi
import os
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

c = cdsapi.Client()


var_list = ['geopotential', 'relative_humidity', 'temperature',
            'u_component_of_wind', 'v_component_of_wind']

start_date = '20070101'
end_date = '20071231'
start_year = int(start_date[:4])
end_year = int(end_date[:4])

year_list = np.arange(start_year, end_year 1)
year_list = year_list.astype(str)

for iyear in year_list:
    path = './'   iyear
    if os.path.exists(path):
        print("file exist")
    else:
        os.mkdir(path)

    year_start_date = iyear "0101"
    year_end_date   = end_date if int(end_date) < int(iyear)*10000 1231 else iyear "1231"
    date_list = pd.date_range(year_start_date, year_end_date).strftime("%Y%m%d").tolist()
    for idate in date_list:
        date_name = path   "/"   idate   "-pl.grib"
        if os.path.exists(date_name):
            continue

        c.retrieve(
            'reanalysis-era5-pressure-levels',
            {
                'product_type': 'reanalysis',
                'format': 'grib',
                'pressure_level': [
                    '1', '2', '3',
                    '5', '7', '10',
                    '20', '30', '50',
                    '70', '100', '125',
                    '150', '175', '200',
                    '225', '250', '300',
                    '350', '400', '450',
                    '500', '550', '600',
                    '650', '700', '750',
                    '775', '800', '825',
                    '850', '875', '900',
                    '925', '950', '975',
                    '1000',
                ],
                    'variable': var_list,
                    'year': iyear,
                    'month': idate[4:6],
                    'day': idate[6:8],
                    'time': [
                        '00:00', '06:00', '12:00',
                        '18:00',
                    ],
                },
               date_name)
print('ok')

下载地面

代码语言：javascript复制

#!/usr/bin/python3
import cdsapi
import os
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

c = cdsapi.Client()

var_list = ['10m_u_component_of_wind', '10m_v_component_of_wind', '2m_dewpoint_temperature',
            '2m_temperature', 'land_sea_mask', 'mean_sea_level_pressure',
            'sea_ice_cover', 'sea_surface_temperature', 'skin_temperature',
            'snow_depth', 'soil_temperature_level_1', 'soil_temperature_level_2',
            'soil_temperature_level_3', 'soil_temperature_level_4', 'surface_pressure',
            'volumetric_soil_water_layer_1', 'volumetric_soil_water_layer_2', 'volumetric_soil_water_layer_3',
            'volumetric_soil_water_layer_4']

start_date = '20070101'
end_date = '20071231'
start_year = int(start_date[:4])
end_year = int(end_date[:4])

year_list = np.arange(start_year, end_year 1)
year_list = year_list.astype(str)

for iyear in year_list:
    path = './'   iyear
    if os.path.exists(path):
        print("file exist")
    else:
        os.mkdir(path)
    year_start_date = iyear "0101"
    year_end_date   = end_date if int(end_date) < int(iyear)*10000 1231 else iyear "1231"
    date_list = pd.date_range(year_start_date, year_end_date).strftime("%Y%m%d").tolist()
    for idate in date_list:
        date_name = path   "/"   idate   "-sfc.grib"
        if os.path.exists(date_name):
            continue

        c.retrieve(
            'reanalysis-era5-single-levels',
            {
                'product_type': 'reanalysis',
                'format': 'grib',
                'variable': var_list,
                'year': iyear,
                'month': idate[4:6],
                'day': idate[6:8],
                'time': [
                    '00:00', '06:00', '12:00',
                    '18:00',
                ],
                },
                date_name)
print('ok')

并行下载

气象学家公众号提供了并行下载的脚本，有需要的可以了解一下

并行下载ERA5数据的python脚本

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