说明：
当Linux系统的硬盘空间不够时，我们需要添加新的硬盘。本文物理添加硬盘的方法略过，只介绍在linux系统的分区、格式化和挂载的内容。
系统环境：Centos 7.0
添加硬盘容量：100G
步骤：
给新硬盘分区
- 使用fdisk -l 命令查看新加入磁盘
[root@localhost.localdomain:/root]
# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors <===这里是新加磁盘
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000b1951
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 1026047 512000 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 1026048 62914559 30944256 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 4194 MB, 4194304000 bytes, 8192000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 27.5 GB, 27489468416 bytes, 53690368 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes- 使用fdisk /dev/sdb命令进入磁盘进行分区
[root@localhost.localdomain:/root]
# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xe3b901db.
Command (m for help): n <===新建分区
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p <===新建主分区
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 <===分区序号
First sector (2048-209715199, default 2048): <===直接回车
Using default value 2048
Last sector, sectors or size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199): <===直接回车
Using default value 209715199
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is set
Command (m for help): w <===保存并退出
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
Command (m for help): p <===按p查看新分区
Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xe3b901db
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 209715199 104856576 83 Linux <===新建的分区格式化分区
- Centos7.0以上使用mkfs.xfs 命令格式化
[root@localhost.localdomain:/root]
# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1 <===这里是新分区的路径，上面有。
meta-data=/dev/sdb1 isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=6553536 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=26214144, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=12799, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0使linux系统开机自动挂载新分区
- 新建挂载目录
mkdir /data- 便捷/etc/fstab 文件，保存之后重启系统就可以看到新加的磁盘空间了。
[root@localhost.localdomain:/root]
# vim /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Feb 20 22:40:37 2020
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root / xfs defaults 1 1
UUID=50b753d4-9421-4ce5-9f54-0c7a95568ff9 /boot xfs defaults 1 2
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb1 /data xfs defaults 0 0 <===添加内容- 重启系统后查看硬盘
[root@localhost.localdomain:/root]
# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 26G 955M 25G 4% /
devtmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 3.9G 8.5M 3.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sdb1 100G 33M 100G 1% /data <===很完美
/dev/sda1 497M 96M 401M 20% /boot
