Qt-qmake install相关

2023-03-10 13:09:49 浏览数 (1)

Qt-qmake install相关

简介

在之前的博文中,已经说过相关 autotools,qmake转cmake,cmake-cpack,checkinstall,linuxdeployqt ,本博文将qt 安装配置做一个简单的讲解,搭配 linuxdeployqt 来说明,qmake 安装配置。

官方说明;

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It is common on Unix to also use the build tool to install applications and libraries; for example, by invoking make install. For this reason, qmake has the concept of an install set, an object which contains instructions about the way a part of a project is to be installed.

中文说明:

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在Unix上也经常使用构建工具来安装应用程序和库;例如,通过调用make install。由于这个原因,qmake有一个安装集的概念,这个对象包含关于安装项目的一部分的说明。

官方文档路径:INSTALL files

中文翻译路径:安装文件

DEMO

在官方文档中的相关样例如下

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documentation.path = /usr/local/program/doc #安装路径
documentation.files = docs/* #安装文件
unix:documentation.extra = create_docs; mv master.doc toc.doc #额外命令
INSTALLS  = documentation # 安装命令

笔者Demo:

默认已经将安装所需要的所有文件放置到Makefile同级目录

Pro工程文件

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#-------------------------------------------------
#
# Project created by QtCreator 2021-01-04T09:37:29
#
#-------------------------------------------------

QT        = core gui

greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT  = widgets

TARGET = App
TEMPLATE = app

# The following define makes your compiler emit warnings if you use
# any feature of Qt which has been marked as deprecated (the exact warnings
# depend on your compiler). Please consult the documentation of the
# deprecated API in order to know how to port your code away from it.
DEFINES  = QT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS
DEFINES  = LINUX_OS_VERSION==$$QT_ARCH
DEFINES  = QT_MESSAGELOGCONTEXT

# You can also make your code fail to compile if you use deprecated APIs.
# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
# You can also select to disable deprecated APIs only up to a certain version of Qt.
#DEFINES  = QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0

message($$QT_ARCH)
message($$QT_VERSION)

contains(QT_ARCH, x86_64){
    message("LINUX_OS_X86_64")
    DEFINES  = LINUX_OS_X86_64
}else{
    message("LINUX_OS_ARM64")
    DEFINES  = LINUX_OS_ARM64
}

exists ($$PWD/../.git) {
    GIT_BRANCH   = $$system(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD)
    GIT_TIME     = $$system(git show --oneline --format="%ci%H" -s HEAD)

    APP_VERSION = "VersionInfo: $${GIT_BRANCH} : $${GIT_TIME}"
} else {
    APP_VERSION     = None
}
DEFINES  = APP_VERSION="\"$$APP_VERSION\""
message($$APP_VERSION)

INCLUDEPATH  = widget

SOURCES  = 
        main.cpp 

HEADERS  = 

    
FORMS  = 


#LIBRARY options
QMAKE_CC  = -g
QMAKE_CXX  = -g
QMAKE_LINK  = -g

message($$OUT_PWD)

INCLUDEPATH  = $$QT_SYSROOT/usr/local/include/

LIBS  = 

#只说明下属文档部分
DEFINES  = INSTALL_PATH_DEAULT
INSTALL_PATH_DEAULT = /usr/local/App

contains(DEFINES, INSTALL_PATH){
    message(Prefix=$$INSTALL_PATH)
}else{
    DEFINES  = INSTALL_PATH
    INSTALL_PATH = $$INSTALL_PATH_DEAULT
    message(default=$$INSTALL_PATH)
}

res.path=$$INSTALL_PATH/res
res.files=$$PWD/res/*

depends.path=$$INSTALL_PATH/lib
depends.files=$$OUT_PWD/lib/*

plugins.path=$$INSTALL_PATH/plugins
plugins.files=$$OUT_PWD/plugins/*

platforms.path=$$INSTALL_PATH/platforms
platforms.files=$$OUT_PWD/platforms/*

translations.path=$$INSTALL_PATH/translations
translations.files=$$OUT_PWD/translations/*

runbin.path=$$INSTALL_PATH
runbin.files=$$OUT_PWD/App

exists ($$INSTALL_PATH/doc){
    documentation.path=$$INSTALL_PATH/doc
    documentation.files=$$OUT_PWD/doc/*
    INSTALLS  = res runbin documentation depends plugins platforms translations
}else{
    INSTALLS  = res runbin depends plugins platforms translations
}

默认工程配置相关项就不做讲解了,只讲解相关安装配置项。

配置安装路径

假设生成的目标文件为:

TARGET = App

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DEFINES  = INSTALL_PATH_DEAULT #定义默认安装路径
INSTALL_PATH_DEAULT = /usr/local/App #设置默认安装路径值 默认安装路径为: /usr/local/App
#如果定义了安装路径,则使用定义的安装路径,如果未定义安装路径,则采用默认安装路径
contains(DEFINES, INSTALL_PATH){
    message(Prefix=$$INSTALL_PATH)
}else{
    DEFINES  = INSTALL_PATH
    INSTALL_PATH = $$INSTALL_PATH_DEAULT
    message(default=$$INSTALL_PATH)
}

未定义安装路径:

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mkdir build
cd build
qmake ../App.pro
#输出如下
Info: creating stash file /code/App/App/build/.qmake.stash
Project MESSAGE: x86_64
Project MESSAGE: 5.9.5
Project MESSAGE: LINUX_OS_X86_64
Project MESSAGE: VersionInfo: cmake-pro : 2021-07-20 16:15:47  080048baa388f1802ac2ba23618883ceeb6dd2e68e16
Project MESSAGE: /code/rdpclient/App/build
Project MESSAGE: default=/usr/local/App

定义安装路径:

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qmake "DEFINES  = INSTALL_PATH" "INSTALL_PATH = /opt/install" ../App.pro
#输出如下
Project MESSAGE: x86_64
Project MESSAGE: 5.9.5
Project MESSAGE: LINUX_OS_X86_64
Project MESSAGE: VersionInfo: cmake-pro : 2021-07-20 16:15:47  080048baa388f1802ac2ba23618883ceeb6dd2e68e16
Project MESSAGE: /code/App/App/build
Project MESSAGE: Prefix=/opt/install

如上可见,INSTALL_PATH 的作用。

资源文件

资源文件夹默认在 .pro工程文件同级目录。$$PWDpro文件的当前目录

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res.path=$$INSTALL_PATH/res
res.files=$$PWD/res/*

依赖库

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depends.path=$$INSTALL_PATH/lib
depends.files=$$OUT_PWD/lib/*

插件

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plugins.path=$$INSTALL_PATH/plugins
plugins.files=$$OUT_PWD/plugins/*

平台

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platforms.path=$$INSTALL_PATH/platforms
platforms.files=$$OUT_PWD/platforms/* 

translations

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translations.path=$$INSTALL_PATH/translations
translations.files=$$OUT_PWD/translations/*

可执行程序

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runbin.path=$$INSTALL_PATH
runbin.files=$$OUT_PWD/App

文档

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documentation.path=$$INSTALL_PATH/doc
documentation.files=$$OUT_PWD/doc/*

安装

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INSTALLS  = res runbin depends plugins platforms translations

其他相关语法

exists

在 Demo 中,有一句这样的语法

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exists ($$INSTALL_PATH/doc){ 
    documentation.path=$$INSTALL_PATH/doc
    documentation.files=$$OUT_PWD/doc/*
    INSTALLS  = res runbin documentation depends plugins platforms translations
}else{
    INSTALLS  = res runbin depends plugins platforms translations
}

释义为 判断 doc 文件夹是否存在,存在 执行

documentation.path=

INSTALL_PATH/doc documentation.files=

OUT_PWD/doc/* INSTALLS = res runbin documentation depends plugins platforms translations

不存在执行:INSTALLS = res runbin depends plugins platforms translations

平台兼容

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win32{

}
unix{

}
macx{

}

上述搭配使用,可以针对不同的平台,进行不同的安装配置。

宏定义相关

可以和笔者的Demo 一样,在qmake 的 时候进行宏定义,赋值等相关,来进行配置。

extra

在上述简介中有这样的一句:

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unix:documentation.extra = create_docs; mv master.doc toc.doc

释义,在 unix平台中,文档安装: 创建文档;执行 文件的命名。

如上,我们在安装对应的操作时,也可以执行对应的语法。create_touch; touch

或者 脚本执行的相关命令。根据上述猜测,可以执行 bash 语法。笔者没有测试是否执行复杂的语法或者脚本。

Demo编译

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linuxdeployqt ./App -verbose=2 -appimage
mv plugins/platforms ./
checkinstall --pkgname=Appt --pkgversion=1.1.0 --pkgrelease=1 --pkglicense=GPL --pkggroup=root --maintainer=Troila --pakdir=../../deb_output -y
make uninstall

上述安装脚本中,需要搭配之前讲过的两篇文档;

linuxdeployqt-linux下Qt打包工具

checkinstall-简易打包工具

可形成一个成熟的Qt编译安装脚本。

进一步猜想

多级子工程安装

qmake INSTALLS的多个安装路径

在Qt多个工程目录,可以搭配使用。

dev包的制作

搭配 Adding Custom Targets ,增加 libxxx-dev的输出,形成一个dev安装包

注意

只允许有一个 INSTALL = 存在,在笔者的测试中,发现只允许INSTALL = 存在,准确的应该说,只有最后一个会生效。

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