经典 40 篇完整版

1. Fall in Love with English爱上英语

Hiding behind the loose dusty curtain, a teenager packed up his overcoat into the suitcase. He planned to leave home at dusk though there was thunder and lightning outdoors. He had got to do this because he was tired of his parents’ nagging (唠叨的) about his English study and did not want to go through it any longer. He couldn’t get along well with English and disliked joining in English classes because he thought his teacher ignored him on purpose. As a result, his score in each exam never added up to over 60.

    His partner was concerned about him very much. She understood exactly what he was suffering from, but entirely disagreed with his idea. In order to calm him down and settle his problem, she talked with him face to face and swapped (交换) a series of learning tips with him. The items she set down helped him find the highway to studying English well.

    The teenager was grateful and got great power from his friend’s words. Now, he has recovered from being upset and has fallen in love with English.

    有个少年躲在积满灰尘的松散窗帘后把大衣装入手提箱。尽管外面正打雷闪电， 他仍计划在黄昏时分离家出走。他不得不这样做是因为厌倦了父母对他英语学习的唠叨，不想再忍受下去了。他的英语学习总是无法取得进展，而且不喜欢参加英语课的学习，因为他以为老师有意忽视他。结果，他每次考试的分数合计从未超过60。

    他的搭档很关心他，也确切地理解他遭受的折磨，但却完全不同意他的想法。为了使他冷静下来好好解决问题，她和他面对面地交谈，并交换了一系列的学习心得技巧。她写下来的条款帮助他找到了学好英语的最佳捷径。

这个少年非常感激，并从朋友的话里获得极大的动力。现在，他已经从沮丧中恢复过来，真正爱上了英语。

重点词汇解析：

1. loose [lu:s] adj.松动的 

The screw has become loose. 螺丝松了。

1. dusty [5dʌsti] adj. 落满尘埃的 

Everything’s really dusty. 所有东西都布满灰尘。

1. curtain [5kə:t(ə)n] n. 窗帘 

Shall I draw the curtains?

我把窗帘拉上好不好？

1. teenager [5ti:neɪdʒə] n.青少年 

As a teenager, she started writing poetry.

从青少年时期，她就开始写诗。

1. pack up 打包 

He has packed up the papers.

他已经把文件包装好了。

1. overcoat [5əʊvəkəʊt] n.外套 

She took off her overcoat and hanged it on the hook. 她脱下外套，把它挂在了挂钩上。

1. suitcase[5sju:keis] n.手提箱 
2. at dusk 傍晚；黄昏时候 

We arrived home at dusk.

我们于黄昏时分到家了。

1. thunder [5θʌndə] n.雷 

We were woken by thunder in the evening.

晚上我们被雷声惊醒。

1. lightning [5laitniŋ] n. 闪电 

Two farmers were hit by lightning.

两个农民遭闪电击中。

1. outdoors[‚aʊt5dɔ:z] 户外

He likes to work outdoors. 他喜欢在户外工作。

1. have got to不得不

It is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what you do.

做你喜欢的事是没用的，你必须喜欢你所做的事。

1. be tired of 厌烦

Tom may be tired of watching TV now, for he seldom talks about the TV programs.

汤姆可能厌倦看电视了，因为他很少谈论电视节目。

1. go through 经历，忍受

You didn’t know what I have gone through.

你不知道我遭受了什么苦难。

1. get along with: 有进展；和...相处

How do you get along with others?

你和别人相处得怎样？

1. dislike [dis5laik] v.不喜欢

I dislike jogging early in the morning.

我不喜欢早晨慢跑。

1. join in 参加

Everybody likes to join in this activity.

每个人都愿意参加这一活动。

1. ignore [ig5nɔ:] v. 忽视

Nobody could ignore these problems.

没有谁会忽视这些问题。

1. on purpose 故意地

Maybe he does this on purpose?

也许他是故意这么做的？

1. add up to 合计达

The figures add up to 450.

这些数字加起来的总数是 450。

1. partner [5pa:tnə] n.伙伴；伴侣

Clare is my tennis partner.

克莱尔是我的网球搭档。

1. be concerned about 关心

He was concerned about the results of his actions.

他关心他行动的效果。

1. exactly [ɪg5zæ ktli] adv. 恰好；正是；精确地

It’s exactly the kind of work I’ve been looking for.

这正是我一直在找的那种工作。

1. suffer from 受.....病；遭受....折磨

How long have you been suffering from a headache? 你头痛有多久了?

1. entirely [ɪn5taɪəli] adv. 完全地

 I agree entirely. 我完全赞同。

1. disagree with不同意

I strongly disagree with his views.

我强烈反对他的见解。

1. in order to为了

They get up early in order to catch the first bus.

他们早起为了赶上第一班公交车。

1. calm down 平静下来；冷静下来

Calm down, there’s nothing to worry about.

安静下来吧，没有什么值得焦虑的。

1. settle [5setl] v.解决

They might be willing to settle out of court.

他们或许会愿意庭外和解。

1. face to face面对面

We talked face to face. 我们面对面地交谈。

1. swap [swɒp] v. 交换

He swapped his radio for a ticket of a football match. 他用他的收音机换了一张足球门票。

1. a series of 一系列的

He did a series of experiments.

他做了一系列的实验。

1. tip [tip] n. 末端；小费；建议

Did you leave a tip? 你留小费了吗？

1. item [5aɪtəm] n. 条款；项目

The other item on the agenda (议程) is the tour.

另一项议程是旅行。

1. set down写下；记下

The police set down my car number.

警察记下了我的汽车号码。

1. highway [5haɪweɪ] n. 公路；捷径

I crossed the highway, dodging (闪躲) the traffic.

我闪身避让着来往的车辆，穿过了公路。

1. grateful [5greɪtf ə l] adj. 感谢的

She was grateful to him for being so good to her.

她很感激他对她这么好。

1. power [5pauə] n.力量; 权利

The king’s power was limited. 国王的权力有限。

1. recover from 恢复

It will be a long time before he recovers from his present troubles.

要使他从目前的困境中恢复过来需很长时间。

1. upset [ʌp5set] adj. 沮丧的

Marta looked upset. 玛尔塔看起来很沮丧。

1. fall in love with 爱上

Never stop smiling, for some man fall in love with your smile. 永远都不要停止微笑,因为说不定有人会因为你的微笑而爱上你。

2. Different Countries Have Different Kinds of Englishes

不同的国家有不同的英语

Voyages of people from England play an important part in spreading the English language. At present, English is frequently spoken as an official or common language in many countries, such as America, Singapore, Malaysia and some African countries. All based on British English, the English spoken in these countries can be well understood by native English speakers. But actually, these Englishes have been gradually changing in accents, spellings, expressions and the usage of vocabulary.

Because of this fact, you can make use of the differences to tell which country the foreigners of your block are from. For example, if a boss fluently commands his driver, “Come up straight to my apartment by elevator and take some gas for my trucks and cabs”, instead of requesting, “Please come to my flat by lift and take some petrol for my lorries and taxis”, you can recognize his American identity, while the latter suggests that he is British.

英国人的航海在英语的传播中扮演了重要的角色。目前, 英语在许多国家被作为官方语言或通用语言频繁地使用，例如美国、新加波、马来西亚和一些非洲的国家。这些国家的英语都以英式英语为基础，能很好地为以英语为本族语的人所理解。但是实际上，这些英语在口音、拼写、表达和词汇的使用方面都在逐渐变化。

因为这一情况的存在，你就可以利用这些英语之间的区别说出你们街区的外国人是哪个国家来的了。例如，如果有个老板流利地命令他的司机：“Come up straight to my apartment by elevator and take some gas for my trucks and cabs（直接搭电梯到我公寓上来拿卡车和出租车的汽油）”，而不是要求说，“Please come to my flat by lift and take some petrol for my lorries and taxis（请直接搭电梯到我公寓上来拿卡车和出租车的汽油）”，你就可以轻易地辨认出他的美国人身份，而后者却暗示着那是一位英国人。

重点词汇解析

1. voyage [5vɒɪɪdʒ] n. 航行；航海 

The voyage from England to India used to take six months. 过去从英格兰到印度要航行六个月。

1. play a part in起作用；演角色

The Internet plays an important part in our daily life. 互联网在我们日常生活中起到重要作用。

1. at present目前

We cannot explain this at present.

目前我们对此无法解释。

1. frequently [5fri:kwəntli] adv.频繁地 

Please write to me frequently. 请经常给我来信。

1. official [ə5fɪʃ əl] adj.官方的 

An official announcement is expected in the next few days.  

一份官方声明预计会在接下来的几天内发表。

1. such as  诸如；比如

I like drinks such as tea and soda.

我喜欢诸如茶和汽水之类的饮料。

1. Singapore [ˌsɪŋgə5pɔ:] 新加坡 
2. Malaysia /mə5leiʒə/ 马来西亚 
3. African [5æfrɪk(ə)n] 非洲人；非洲的 

Fish is a staple (主食) in the diet of many Africans. 鱼是很多非洲人饮食中的主食。

1. base on 以.....为基础

This song is based on an old folk tune.

这支歌是根据一首古老的民歌曲调创作的。

1. native [5neɪtɪv] adj. 本国的；n. 本地人 

Singapore has many native species of palm.

新加坡有很多土生的棕榈树种。

1. actually [5æktʃuəli] adv. 实际上 

However, this can actually be a good thing.

然而，这实际上可以是一件好事。

1. accent [5æks(ə)nt] n.口音 

He has a strong American accent.

他有很重的美国口音。

1. spelling [5spelɪŋ] n. 拼写 

His spelling is very bad. 他的拼写能力很差。

1. expression [ɪk’spreʃ ən] n. 表达, 表情 

She smiled, but my expression made her look away.

她笑了笑，但我的表情让她又把目光移开了。

1. usage [‘ju:sɪdʒ] n. 使用 

This is a book on modern English usage.

这是一本关于现代英语用法的书。

1. vocabulary [və5kæbjʊlərɪ] n.词汇；词汇量 

She has a very wide vocabulary.

她的词汇量很大。

1. because of 因为 名词、名短

The sports meeting was put off because of the heavy snow. 因为大雪运动会被推迟了。

1. make use of 利用

Staff can make use of a wide range of facilities.

员工可使用各种各样的设施。

1. block [blɒk] n. 街区 

The church is down the block.

教堂就在这个街区那头。

1. fluently [5flu:əntlɪ] adv. 流利地 

She can speak English fluently.

她能流利地说英语。

1. command [kə5ma:nd] n.&v.命令 

He commanded the soldiers to shut the gate.

他命令士兵们把大门关上。

1. come up straight 直接上来

He told me to come up straight. 他叫我直接上来。

1. apartment [əˈpa:tmənt] n.公寓 

Christina has her own apartment.

克里斯蒂娜有她自己的公寓。

1. elevator [5elɪveɪtə] n.电梯 

We took the elevator to the fourteenth floor.

我们乘电梯到了第 14 层。

1. gas [gæs] n. 汽油

Coal is actually cheaper than gas.

煤炭实际上比煤气便宜。

1. cab [kæb] n.出租车

Could I use your phone to call a cab?

我能用你的电话叫一辆出租车吗？

1. request [rɪ5kwest] n.&v.要求 

Do you have any special requests?

你有没有特别的要求？

1. flat [flæt] adj. n.平的；公寓

It’s cheaper for you to hire a flat when you stay in Europe.

你在欧洲停留期间，租一套公寓住可省一些钱。

1. lift [lift] n.电梯 v. 抬起

Three workers lifted the heavy box from the truck.

三个工人把沉重的箱子从卡车上搬了下来。

1. petrol [5petrəl] n. 汽油 

The petrol in the tank is leaking out.

油箱里的汽油正往外漏。

1. lorry [5lɒri] n.卡车 

The goods will be carried by lorry to Dalian.

货物将用卡车运往大连。

1. recognize [5rekəgnaɪz] v.认出；辨认 

You have changed so much that I can hardly recognize you.

你的变化太大了，我简直认不出来了。

1. identity [aɪ5dentɪtɪ] n.身份 

He wanted to know the identity of his real father. 他想知道自己亲生父亲的身份。

1. latter [5lætə] adj.后者 

This article focuses on the latter.

这篇文章的重点在后者。

1. suggest [sə5dʒest] v. 建议；暗示 

She suggested that she did not want me to tell the truth. 她暗示我不要说出实情。

3. A Hard Trip一次辛苦的旅行

My sister was fond of traveling. Ever since graduating, she had been determined to organize a trip to an old temple. Since transporting fare was expensive, she decided to use a bicycle to cycle there not caring about the disadvantages. Her stubborn attitude was always her shortcoming. Once she made up her mind to do something, no one could persuade her to change her mind. Finally, we gave in as usual though we preferred to take a train. After we prepared everything, including the schedule, reliable weather forecast and the insurance, we began our trip.

Our journey was along a river flowing from a high altitude. Our pace was slow because the river frequently had many sharp bends through deep valleys, where the water seemed to boil. Just as I recorded in my journal, it was really a hard journey. But we also enjoyed great views. One night, I put my head on my pillow--a parcel of wool coats, and lay beneath the stars. When the flame in front of our cave went out at midnight, I found the sky so beautiful!

    我的妹妹很喜欢旅行。自从毕业以来，她就下定决心要组织一次往一座古庙的旅行。因为交通费用昂贵，她决定骑自行车去，毫不担心其中的不利情况。顽固的态度一直都是她的缺点，一旦她下定决心要做的事，就没有人能说服她改变主意。最后，我们像往常一样让步，尽管我们更喜欢乘火车去。我们准备好了所有东西，包括时间表、可靠的天气预报，还有保险，就开始了旅程。

我们的旅程沿着一条从高海拔处流下来的河流前行。但我们的步伐很慢，因为当流经深深的峡谷时，这条河流急转弯很多，急湍的河水都似乎沸腾起来。正如我在旅行日志里记录的那样，这真是一次艰苦的旅行。但是我们也欣赏到了美丽的景色。一天晚上，我把头枕在一包羊毛衣服做的枕头上，躺在星空下，当岩洞前的火焰在午夜熄灭时，我发现夜空是如此的美丽！

重点词汇解析

1. be fond of 喜爱

I’m not overly fond of cooking.

我不怎么喜欢烹饪。

1. ever since 自此；从此

I have distrusted her ever since she cheated me.

自从她骗我以后，我就不信任她了。

1. graduate [5grædʒʊeɪt] v.毕业 

He needs three more credits to graduate.

他需要再修 3 个学分才能毕业。

1. determine [dɪ5tɜ:mɪn] v. 决定 

He determined that he would travel to New York this summer holiday.

他决定今年暑假将旅行到纽约。

1. organize [5ɔ:gənaɪz] v.组织 

They will organize a Bridge Club.

他们将组建一个桥牌俱乐部。

1. temple [5templ] n.寺庙 

Would you like to go to the temple fair with me?

想跟我一起去逛庙会吗?

1. transport [træn5spɔ:t] v. 运输 n.交通 

The statue was transported to London.

雕像被运到了伦敦。

1. fare [feə] n.票；费用 

He could barely afford the fare.

他几乎付不起车费。

1. cycle [5saɪk(ə)l] v.骑自行车; 循环 

n. 自行车；周期 

This machine cycles automatically.

这台机器自动循环运动。

1. care about关心；担心

She always cares about losing her job.

她总是担心丢掉她的工作。

1. disadvantage [‚dɪsəd5vɑ:ntɪdʒ] n. 缺点 

However, there is a disadvantage to this approach.

但是，这种方法有一个缺点。

1. stubborn [5stʌbən] adj.顽固的 

Paul can be as stubborn as a mule.

保尔有时倔得像头驴。

1. attitude [5ætɪtju:d] n.态度 

All we can change is our attitude toward them.

我们所能改变的是我们对其的态度。

1. shortcoming [5ʃ ɔ:t‚kʌmɪŋ] n. 缺点；短处 

He is too proud to see his own shortcoming.

他太傲慢了，看不到自己的缺点。

1. make up one’s mind下定决心

I wish he’d hurry up and make his mind up.

我希望他能快点拿定主意。

1. finally [5faɪnəlɪ] adv.最后 

I finally beat her in that match.

我在那场比赛中最后打败了她。

1. give in 屈服；让步；上交

No matter how they slander (诽谤) us, we will never give in.

不管他们怎样诽谤我们，我们决不让步。

1. as usual 像往常一样

I find him in the garden, dreaming away as usual.

 我发现他又像往常一样，在花园里失了神。

1. prefer [prɪ5fɜ:] v. 更喜欢；宁愿 

I prefer milk to coffee.比起咖啡，我更喜欢牛奶。

1. schedule [5ʃedju:l] n.日程表，计划表 

He has been forced to adjust his schedule.

他已被迫调整了日程安排。

1. reliable [rɪ5laɪəbl] adj.可靠的 

She was efficient and reliable. 她既能干又可靠。

1. forecast [5fɔ:ka:st] n.&v.预报 

That’s what the TV weather forecast says.

电视上的天气预报是这样说的。

1. insurance [ɪn5ʃ ʊərəns] n. 保险 

My brother works in insurance.

我的兄弟从事保险业。

1. journey [5dʒɜ:nɪ] n.旅行 

The journey took us over three hours.

我们路上花了三个多小时。

1. flow [fləʊ] v. 流动 

Water flows to the lowest level. 水往低处流。

1. altitude [5æltɪtju:d] n.海拔 

We’re flying at an altitude of 40,000 feet.

我们的飞行高度为四万英尺。

1. pace [peis] n. 步伐

The pace of life in the countryside is slower.

乡间的生活节奏更慢。

1. bend [bend] v.&n.弯曲；转弯

She bent and picked up a plastic bucket.

她弯腰拎起一个塑料桶。

1. valley [5vælɪ] n. 山谷 

The hunters camped themselves in the valley.

猎人们在山谷中扎营。

1. boil [bɒɪl] v. 煮沸 

When the water boils, add the meat and the cabbage.

水开时加入肉和洋白菜。

1. journal [5dʒɜ:n(ə)l] n. 日志；期刊 

All our results are published in scientific journals.

我们所有的结果都发表在科学刊物上。

1. view [vju:] n. 观点；景色

The view from our window was beautiful green countryside.

从我们窗口可以看到一片绿色乡村的美景。

1. pillow [5pɪləʊ] n. 枕头 

He falls asleep as soon as his head hits the pillow.

他头一沾枕头就着。

1. A parcel of 一包的

They also sent a parcel of food.

他们还寄送了一包食物。

1. wool [wʊl] n. 羊毛 

He bought me a wool overcoat.

他给我买一件毛料大衣。

1. beneath [bɪ5ni:θ ] prep.&adv.在下方 

He sheltered beneath his umbrella.

他打伞挡雨。

1. flame [fleɪm] n.火焰 

The heat from the flames was so intense (强烈的) that roads melted.

火焰的热度如此高以至于路面融化了。

1. cave [keɪv] n. 洞穴 

I live with my family in this cave.

我们一家住在这个洞穴里。

1. at midnight在午夜

They went home at midnight.

他们在半夜回的家。

4. A Horrible Earthquake可怕的地震

Dirty water rose in wells and canals before the earthquake. But no one judged that an earthquake was coming. Suddenly, everything shook. It seemed as if the world was at an end. Millions of brick houses and a number of dams were destroyed. Railway tracks became useless bars. Pipes in mines burst and let out smelly steam. Huge cracks trapped cyclists everywhere.

The next day, this event was the headline or main title of all newspapers. With the reporters giving an outline of the disaster, the whole nation was shocked by the damage and the victim’s extreme suffering. People were moved when they read that the survivors comforted each other by saying “Congratulations! You survived!”. So they not only expressed their sympathy sincerely, but also organized together to help the victims right away. The injured were rescued and the dead were buried. The frightened survivors were dug out from under the ruins and were offered shelter, fresh water and electricity. Thanks to people’s help, the loss was minimized.

地震前，水井和运河里的污水都涨涌起来。但是却没人判断出地震即将来临。霎那间，一切都在摇晃，似乎整个世界就要结束。数以百万的砖房和许多水坝遭到破坏；铁路轨道都变成无用的铁条；煤矿管道纷纷爆裂，发出有臭味的蒸汽；到处都有骑车的人被巨大的裂缝陷住。

第二天，所有报纸都纷纷以大字标题或主要标题报道了这一事件。记者们描述了灾难的大概情况，全国都被地震的破坏和灾民们极度的苦难所震惊。当人们读到幸存者以“恭喜啊，你还活着。”来互相安慰时，都被感动了。人们不仅衷心地表达了他们的同情，而且还立刻组织起来帮助灾民。伤员被救助了，死者被埋葬了，吓坏的幸存者被从废墟中挖出来了，栖身处、净水和电力也很快得到提供。多亏了人们的帮助，灾区的损失被减到了最小。

重点词汇解析

1. dirty [5dɜ:ti] adj.下流的，肮脏的； 

She looked at me as if I had said a dirty word.

她看我的样子，就像我说了句脏话似的。

1. well [wel] 好地；井

She lowered her bucket into the well.

她把水桶放到井里。

1. canal [kə5næl] n.运河 

The canal is blocked. 该运河阻塞不通。

1. earthquake [5ɜ:θ kweɪk] n.地震 

The bridge broke down in last earthquake.

那座桥在上次地震中坍塌了。

1. judge [dʒʌdʒ] n.法官 v. 评判 

Don’t judge a person by appearances.

不要以貌取人。

1. as if 好像；似乎

You’ll feel as if you were at home while here.

到这儿就好像到了自己家一样。

1. at an end 结束

With this insult, my patience was at an end.

受了这个侮辱，我的忍耐到头了。

1. millions of 数百万的

How do you change lives of millions of people?

你如何才能改变数百万人的生活呢？

1. brick [brik] n.砖头

My house is made of brick.

我的房子由砖块构成。

1. a number of 许多 [C]

He has written a number of books for children.

他写了许多儿童读物。

1. dam [dæm] n.水坝

The dam protected the city from the flood.

这座大坝保护了该城免受洪水的袭击。

1. destroy [dɪ5strɔɪ] v.破坏 

Fire destroyed several houses in the area.

大火烧毁了该地区的几栋房子。

1. track [træk] n. 轨道；足迹

A cow stood on the tracks.一头奶牛站在铁轨上。

1. useless [‘ju:sləs] adj.无用的 

She knew it was useless to protest.

她知道抗议是没用的。

1. bar [ba:] n.酒吧；条、棒

What is your favourite chocolate bar?

你最喜爱的巧克力棒是什么？

1. pipe [paip] n.管；烟斗

Do you smoke a pipe? 你抽烟斗吗？  

1. mine [main] pron.我的 n.矿；地雷

The ship struck a mine and sank.

船撞上水雷沉没了。

1. burst [bɜ:st] v. 爆裂；爆发 

The bitter cold caused the water pipes to burst.

严寒使水管爆裂了。

1. smelly [5smeli] adj.发臭的

You probably know that smelly foods and smoking can sabotage your breath.

你可能已经知道，吃有味儿的食物或抽烟会导致口臭。

1. steam [sti:m] n.蒸汽; v. 蒸

Steam the carrots until they are just beginning to be tender. 把胡萝卜蒸到刚好变软。

1. crack [kræk] n.裂缝; v.破裂

Don’t pour hot water into the glass or it will crack.

不要把热水倒入玻璃杯里，否则杯子会破裂。

1. trap [træp] n.陷阱; v.诱捕

His dog got caught in a trap.

他的狗被捕捉器夹住了。

1. cyclist [5saɪklɪst] n.骑自行车者 

The reason I got into cycling was that my dad was a keen cyclist.

我加入自行车运动的原因是因为我父亲热衷自行车运动。

1. event [ɪ5vent] n. 事件 

Getting married is a major event in anyone’s life.

 结婚对谁来说都是人生的一桩大事。

1. headline [5hedlaɪn] n.头条 

Every ad had a headline, and so did every paragraph.

每个广告都有标题，每一段都有标题。

1. title [5taitl] n. 标题；头衔

I like the title. 我喜欢这个头衔。

1. reporter [rɪ5pɔ:tə] 记者 n.

I hope to be a TV reporter one day.

我希望有一天成为电视记者。

1. outline [5aʊtlaɪn] n. 轮廓；大纲 

Following is an outline of the survey findings.

以下是调查结果的概要。

1. disaster [dɪ5za:stə] n. 灾难 

The drought could spell (导致) disaster for wildlife. 干旱可能会对野生生物造成灾难。

1. nation [5neɪʃ ən] n. 国家；民族 

It was a story that touched the nation’s heart.

这是一个感动了全民族的故事。

1. shock [ʃɒk] v.&n. 震惊 

It was a real shock to hear that the factory would have to close.

听说工厂将被迫关闭，真是很震惊。

1. damage [5dæmɪdʒ] v.&n.损害；毁坏 

The scandal could damage his career.

这起丑闻可能有损他的事业。

1. extreme [ɪk5stri:m] adj.极端的; n. 极端 

Some people are living in extreme poverty.

有一些人正活在极度贫穷中。

1. suffer [5sʌfə] v. 遭受 

He suffered terribly the last few days.

他过去的几天痛苦不堪。

1. survivor [sə5vaɪvə] n. 幸存者 

Officials said there were no survivors of the plane crash. 官员们说这次飞机失事中没有幸存者。

1. congratulation [kəngrætjʊ5leɪʃ (ə)n] n. 祝贺

Congratulations on your promotion!

对你的升职表示祝贺！

1. sincerely [sɪn5sɪəli] adv.真诚地 

I sincerely hope you will soon recover.

我诚恳地盼望你早日康复。

1. right away马上；立刻

Make these determinations right away.

立刻做出这些决定。

1. injure [5ɪndʒə] v. 受伤 

He injured his hand in a fire.

他在火灾中伤了手。

1. rescue [5reskju:] v. 营救

Helicopters rescued nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building.

直升机从着火的楼顶救出来了将近二十个人。

1. bury [5beri] v. 埋葬；埋藏 

She buried it under some leaves.

她把它埋藏在一些树叶下。

1. frighten [5fraɪtn] v. 使害怕 

The noise frightened the child.

喧哗声使小孩惊恐万分。

1. dig out挖出

They dug out the weeds. 他们挖掉杂草。

1. ruin [5ru:ɪn] n.废墟 

One dead child was found in the ruins almost two hours after the explosion. 

一名遇难儿童在爆炸发生近两小时后在废墟中被找到。

1. shelter [5ʃeltə] n. 避难所 

Can I go out for shelter?

我可以出去找避难所吗？

1. electricity [ɪ‚lek5trɪsɪti] n.电 

The system uses electricity to heat the water.

这个系统用电将水加热。

5. The Great President伟大的总统

As the founder of the republic, the president had many good qualities. Before coming to power, he was a generous lawyer. He was willing to selflessly help everyone who turned to him. He accepted no fee to offer legal guidance and opinions to those who were out of work or uneducated. Later, believing all mankind to be equal, he devoted himself to stopping the unfair anti-black laws. He set up the Black Youth League and was voted to be the leader. However, though he kept peaceful principles without violence and terror, his mean enemies still blew up his house and attacked his relatives, and he himself couldn’t escape being sentenced to 30 years in prison.

Not fearing of the prison guards’ cruelty, he kept active and begged no mercy from them. As a matter of fact, he was always hopeful and never lost heart during the stage even though he was in trouble.

Finally, people rewarded him with the leader’s position and a gold blanket.

作为共和国的创始人，这位总统具备许多的优秀品质。还在掌权之前，他就是一位慷慨的律师。他愿意无私地帮助那些向他求助的人。他免费为失业的，或没有受过教育的人提供法律指导和意见。后来，因为相信所有人类都是生来平等，他全身心投入到废除不平等的反黑人法律工作中。他建立了黑人青年团并被选为领袖。然而，尽管他坚持没有暴力、没有恐怖的和平原则，卑鄙的敌人还是炸毁了他的家、袭击了他的亲属，他自己也无法逃脱被判30年徒刑的遭遇。

在狱中，他毫不畏惧狱警的残酷，始终保持积极的态度，不向他们乞求怜悯。实际上，他在任何一个困境时期都充满着希望，从未灰心。

最后，人们以领袖的职位和一块金毯子回报了他的贡献。

重点词汇解析

1. founder [5faʊndə] n.创始人 

We all know Yuminhong is the founder of New Oriental.

我们都知道俞敏洪是新东方的创始人。

1. republic [rɪ5pʌblɪk] n. 共和国 

In 1918, Austria became a republic.

1918 年奥地利成为共和国。

1. president [5prezɪd(ə)nt] n. 总统 

Who is the President of France？谁是法国总统？

1. quality [5kwɒlɪti,’kwɒləti] n. 质量；品质 

Everyone can greatly improve the quality of life.

人人都能大幅提高生活质量。

1. come to power 掌权；执政

When did that wise man come to power?

那个英明的人何时执政的？

1. generous [5dʒen(ə)rəs] adj. 慷慨的 

He is generous with his time and money.

他在时间和金钱方面慷慨大方。

1. lawyer [5lɔ:jə] n. 律师 

A good lawyer must be a great liar.

好律师必是大骗子。

1. be willing to 乐意

He’s willing to help us. 他乐意帮助我们。

1. selflessly [5sɛlflɪsli] adv. 无私地 

She often does everything for me selflessly.

她无私地对我。

1. turn to转向；求助

Our talk turned to football.

我们的话题转到了足球上。

1. fee [fi:] n. 费用

You have to pay a small fee to rent a locker (储物柜). 租用储物柜须支付少量费用。

1. legal [5li:gəl] adj.合法的；法律的 

What I did was perfectly legal.

我做的事情完全合法。

1. guidance [5gaɪd(ə)ns] n. 指导；引导 

I look forward to your guidance.

我期待获得你们的指导。

1. opinion [ə5pɪnjən] n. 意见；看法 

In my opinion, the law should be changed.

我认为，该法律应当修改。

1. out of work失业

He’s been out of work for six months.

他已经失业六个月了。

1. educate [5edjʊkeɪt] v. 教育 

It takes patience to educate children.

教育儿童须要耐心。

1. mankind [,mæn5kaɪnd] n. 人类；男性 

If that never happened, there would be no mankind.

如果那没有发生，人类就不会产生。

1. equal [5i:kwəl] adj.平等的；v.等于 

Two plus two equals four. 二加二等于四。

1. devote [dɪ5vəʊt] v. 奉献 

She devoted her life to God. 她献身于上帝。

1. unfair [ʌn5feə] adj.不公正的 

It was unfair that he should suffer so much.

他遭受这么多痛苦是不公平的。

1. anti[5æntɪ] adj. 反对的 

Do you know anything about anti-satellite systems? 你知道反卫星系统的什么情况吗？

1. set up 建立

Now Ben plans to set up a shop elsewhere in Europe.

现在 Ben 计划在欧洲的其他地方开分店。

1. Youth League 共青团

He is the leader of The Youth League of the Conservative Party. 他是保守党的共青团领袖。

1. vote [vəʊt] v. 投票 

Shareholders (股东) voted to reject the offer.

股东投票否决了这个提议。

1. peaceful [5pi:sfəl] adj.安宁的；和平的 

We must try to find a peaceful solution to the conflict.

我们必须努力寻找和平解决冲突的方法。

1. principle [5prɪnsɪp(ə)l]  n.原理，原则 

It’s not just a matter of principle.

这不仅仅是个原则问题。

1. violence [5vaɪələns] n.暴力 

Police said she was a victim of domestic violence.

警方称她是家庭暴力的受害者。

1. terror [5terə] n. 恐惧；恐怖 

I shook with terror whenever I was about to fly in a plane. 我每次要坐飞机时都害怕得发抖。

1. mean [mi:n] adj.卑鄙的

What does this word mean? 这个词是什么意思?

1. blow up 爆炸；使充气

The bomb blew up. 炸弹爆炸了。

1. attack [ə5tæk] v. 攻击 

The best way to defend is to attack.

防御的上策为攻击。

1. relative [5relətɪv] n.亲戚; adj. 有关系的 

Get a relative to look after the children.

找个亲戚来照看这些孩子。

1. escape [ɪ5skeɪp] v. 逃脱 

The thief escaped through an upstairs window.

窃贼从楼上的一扇窗户逃走了。

1. be sentenced to 被判刑

They may be sentenced to death.

他们可能会被判死刑。

1. cruelty [5krʊəltɪ] n.残酷；残忍 
2. active [5æktɪv] adj. 活跃的；积极的 

Encourage students to take an active part in discussions. 要鼓励学生积极参与讨论。

1. beg [beg] v.乞求；恳求

We are not going to beg for help anymore.

我们将不再请求帮助。

1. as a matter of fact 事实上

I know the mayor really well. As a matter of fact, I had dinner with her last week.

我跟市长很熟，事实上，我上周还和她一起吃过饭呢。

as a matter of fact= in fact

1. hopeful [5həʊpfʊl] adj. 有希望的 

We should be hopeful about the future.

我们应该对将来怀抱希望。

1. lose heart 灰心

When you fail, you should never lose heart.

当你失败时，你不应丧失信心。

1. stage [steɪdʒ] n. 阶段；舞台 

It’s a good move at this stage in his career.

在他事业的这个阶段，这是很好的一步。

1. in trouble处于困难中

Now he is in trouble. We should try our best to help him.

现在他遇到了麻烦，我们应尽全力去帮助他。

1. reward [rɪ5wɔ:d] n.报酬；v. 回报奖励;报答 

Parents often give their children rewards for passing exams.

孩子通过考试，父母常会给他们奖励。

1. blanket [5blæŋkɪt] n. 毯子 

She covered the baby up with a blanket.

她用毯子把婴儿盖好。

6. A Brave Maid勇敢的女仆

A wooden vase from the Ming Dynasty at the entrance of the reception hall amazed everyone. The artists designed it in a rare style and selected valuable jewels to decorate it. People thought highly of its fancy colour of honey and the beautiful paintings on it.

The vase used to belong to a former castle. But when the country was at war, the enemy troops exploded the castle. Debates on how the vase survived went on and on. In order to remove people’s doubt, a team of no less than 20 people carried out an informal investigation. The evidences they found showed that a maid took the vase apart and asked a sailor to sink it in a local well. She never gave away the secret even under the cruel trial of the enemies who were in search of treasures.

It is worth giving this brave maid a fortune in return.

接待大厅入口处的明朝木制花瓶 使每个人都惊奇不已。艺术家以一种罕有的风格设计它，并挑选了贵重的珠宝装饰它。人们高度赞赏它那蜂蜜般的奇特颜色，还有上面绘制的绘画。

这个花瓶曾经属于一座从前的城堡，但在战争期间，敌人的军队炸毁了城堡，于是关于这个花瓶是如何幸存下来的争论就一直在持续着。为了解开人们的疑问，一个由不少于20人的调查队开展了一次非正式的调查。他们找到的证据表明，有个女仆 把花瓶拆开，然后让一名水手把它沉到当地的一个水井里。她从来没有泄露这个秘密，即使是在搜寻财宝的敌人残酷的审讯下。

这位女仆真是值得给予一大笔钱作为对她的回报。

重点词汇解析：

1. wooden [‘wʊdn] adj. 木制的

I like wooden furniture. 我喜欢木制家具。

1. vase [va:z] n.花瓶

He loves the vase I bought last week.

我上周买的一个花瓶他就很喜欢。

1. dynasty [5dɪnəstɪ] n.王朝；朝代

There is no doubt that the Qing Dynasty postdates (继...之后) the Ming Dynasty.

毫无疑问，清朝继明朝之后。

1. entrance [5entrəns] n. 入口

Do we have only one entrance?

只有一个入口吗？

1. reception [rɪ5sepʃən] n. 接待；接待处

Mr. Mandela was given a warm reception in Washington.

曼德拉先生在华盛顿受到了热情接待。

1. amazed [ə5meɪzd] adj. 吃惊的

I was amazed at the love they showed for one another.

我对他们展现出的对彼此的爱意感到很惊讶。

1. artist [5a:tɪst] n.艺术家

How did you become an artist?

你如何成为一个艺术家？

1. design [dɪ5zaɪn] v.& n.设计

He designed a new plan for the project.

他为该工程设计了一套新的施工方案。

1. rare [reə] adj. 稀有的；半熟的

I like my steak rare. 请给我做半熟的牛排。

1. style [staɪl] n. 风格

Long skirts are back in style.长裙子又流行起来了。

1. elect [sɪ’lekt] v. 选举 

We elected him as our monitor.

我们选他作我们的班长。

1. valuable [5væljuəbəl] adj.贵重的；有价值的

The carpet is extremely valuable.

这地毯极其贵重。

1. jewel [5dʒuəl] n. 珠宝

She loved dressing up and wearing priceless jewels.

她喜欢穿上盛装，戴上极为昂贵的珠宝首饰。

1. decorate [5dekəreɪt] v. 装饰

We decorated the house for the holidays.

我们装饰房子迎假期。

1. think highly of 高度评价

If people think highly of me, I will think highly of myself. 如果别人赞许我，我就赞许我自己。

1. fancy [5fænsɪ] v.&n.想象；幻想; 

adj. 奇特的

Fancy you knowing him! 真没想到你认识他!

1. honey [5hʌnɪ] n. 蜂蜜；宝贝

Do you like honey? 你喜欢吃蜂蜜吗？

1. painting [5peɪntɪŋ] n. 绘画
2. belong to 属于

The book belongs to him. 这本书是他的。

1. former [5fɔ:mə] adj. 前者的；从前的

Go back as soon as possible to former routines or develop new ones.

尽可能快地回到以前的日常事情，或发展新的日常事情。

1. castle [5ka:s(ə)l] n. 城堡

The castle lies on a hilltop.

这个城堡座落在山顶上。

1. at war 交战

They were at war with the local Indians and came into the valley. 他们为了与当地的印第安人作战而进入到这个山谷。

1. troops [tru:ps] n. 军队

The troops are moving to the front.

军队正开往前线。

1. explode [ɪk5spləʊd] v. 爆炸

They were clearing up when the second bomb exploded. 他们在清理时第二颗炸弹爆炸了。

1. debate [dɪ5beɪt] v.& n. 辩论

When I left, the men were still debating.

我离开时，那些人仍在辩论。

1. survive [sə5vaɪv] v. 幸存

No one survived the crash.

无人在这次撞击中幸免于难。

1. remove [rɪ5mu:v] v. 移动；脱下

He removed his jacket. 他脱掉了夹克。

1. doubt [daʊt] v.& n. 怀疑

I doubt whether he will want to participate.

我怀疑他是否愿意参加。

1. less than 小于；少于

Spend less than you earn.

不要花钱超过你赚的。

1. informal adj. 非正式的

The two groups met for informal talks.

两个团体会面举行非正式会谈。

1. evidence [5evɪdəns] v.证明；n. 证据

Few soldiers were in evidence.

几乎看不见有士兵。

1. maid [meɪd] n. 女仆

A maid brought me breakfast at nine o’clock.

一个女侍者 9 点钟给我送来了早餐。

1. take apart 拆开

The workers took the engine apart.

工人们将引擎拆开了。

1. sailor [5seɪlə] n. 水手

I’m a good sailor. But I’m a bad swimmer.

我不会晕船。但是我不善于游泳。

1. sink [sɪŋk] v. 下沉

The boat was beginning to sink fast.

那艘船开始迅速下沉。

1. local [5ləʊk(ə)l] adj.本地的

Are you getting used to the local food?

你习惯当地的食物吗？

1. trial [5traɪəl] n. 审讯；试验

I took the car out for a trial on the roads.

我把车开出去在公路上试了一下。

1. in search of 搜索

We started off at once in search of the missing child. 我们马上出发寻找那个失踪的孩子。

1. worth [wɜ:θ] adj.值得的；n. 价值

Most things worth having never come easy.

大多数值得拥有的东西一向来之不易。

1. in return 作为回报

I sent him a present in return for his help.

我送给他一份礼物以回报他的帮助。

7. A Fair Competition公平的比赛

Swifter, Higher and Stronger stands for the spirit of the Olympics. But fairness is the basis of this motto. Only when you win fairly will you and your homeland deserve the great glory. But nowadays, unlike the ancient honest slave competitors, some hopeless athletes who can’t bear the pain of training cheat when taking part in games. Medals seem to have magical power causing them to cheat, and the prize money has replaced the motto as their only goal.

So, in the gymnastics event to be held in our city next month, one of the host’s responsibilities is to keep competitions fair. They advertised on posters outside the stadium to promise that every competitor is to have a regular physical examination in a gymnasium one after another. No one can bargain on this. The volunteers in charge will be very strict. It is foolish to cheat because they will not be admitted to compete and will even be fined as well.

 “更快！更高！更强！”代表着奥运精神。但是公平却是这一格言的基础。只有当你公平地赢得比赛，你和你的祖国才会承受这样的光荣。但如今，不像古代那些诚实的奴隶参赛者，有些没有希望的运动员无法承受训练的痛苦，于是在参加比赛时作假。奖牌似乎有某种魔力使他们作假，奖金也已经代替了奥运格言成为了他们唯一的目标。

因此，在我们市下个月即将举行的一场体操赛事中，主办方的其中一项责任就是要确保比赛的公平。他们在体育场外的海报上做广告，承诺说每个参赛者都将在体育馆一个一个地参加常规的身体检查。对此没有人可以讨价还价。负责此事的志愿者将非常严格。作假是很愚蠢的，因为他们将不被允许去竞赛，甚至还将被罚款。

重点词汇解析：

1. swift [swɪft] adj. 快的 

My letter received a swift reply.

我的信很快就得到了回复。

1. stand for 代表；象征

The olive branch stands for peace.

橄榄枝象征着和平。

1. basis [5beisis] n. 基础

His work will be used as a basis for future research.

他的工作将作为未来研究的基础。

1. motto [5mɒtəʊ] n.座右铭 

“Stay true to yourself” has always been his motto. “忠于自己”一直是他的座右铭。

1. homeland [5həʊmlænd] n. 祖国；故乡 

Many people are planning to return to their homeland. 很多人正计划回到自己的祖国去。

1. deserve [dɪ5zɜ:v] v.应得 

People who are sent to prison for drunk-driving get what they deserve.

那些醉酒驾车被送进监狱的人是罪有应得的。

1. glory [5glɔ:rɪ] [U] n. 光荣；荣誉 

Tom had his moment of glory when he won a 20 km race.

Tom 有过赢得 20 公里赛跑的光荣时刻。

1. nowadays [5naʊədeɪz] n.&adv.当今；时下 

What does it take to be a genius nowadays?

当今，一个天才需要具备什么样的素质？ 

1. ancient [5eɪnʃ ənt] adj.古代的 

Some ancient towns have walls round them.

有些古老的城市周围有城墙。

1. slave [sleiv] n. 奴隶

He was a slave ten years ago.

十年前他是个奴隶。

1. competitor [kəm5petɪtə] n.竞争者；对手 

We soon knocked over our competitor.

我们很快打败了我们的竞争对手。

1. hopeless [5həʊpləs] adj.绝望的 

I began to feel lonely and hopeless.

我开始感到寂寞绝望。

1. athlete [5æTli:t] n.运动员

He is a great athlete. 他是一名伟大的运动员。

1. pain [pein] n.疼痛

A broken leg can cause a lot of pain.

腿部骨折会产生剧痛。

1. take part in 参加

He will take part in an important race across the Atlantic.

他将参加一次重大的横渡大西洋的比赛。

1. medal [5med(ə)l] n.奖牌；勋章 

He won the gold medal in Athens in 2004.

2004 年，他在雅典获得金牌。

1. magical [‘mædʒɪk(ə)l] adj.魔术的；有魔力的 

The beautiful island of Bermuda becomes a magical place.

美丽的百慕大岛成为神奇之地。

1. replace [ri5pleis] v.代替；取代

They replaced the permanent staff with part-timers.

他们用兼职人员来代替固定职员。

1. gymnastic [dʒɪm5næstɪk] adj.体操的 

She likes gymnastic classes best.

她最喜欢上体操课。

1. host [həʊst] n.主人 

Apart from my host, I didn’t know a single person there. 除了主人，那儿的人我一个也不认识。

1. responsibility [rɪˌspɒnsə5bɪlətɪ] n.责任 

It’s your responsibility to inform us of any changes. 如有任何变动，你有责任通知我们。

1. advertise [5ædvətaɪz] v.做广告 

The company advertised goods for sale.

这家公司为推销产品而做广告。

1. poster [5pəʊstə] n.海报 

These are posters of old movie stars

这些是老电影明星的海报。

1. stadium [5steɪdɪəm] n.体育馆 

Have you been to the new baseball stadium?

你去过新的棒球体育馆？ 

1. regular [5regjʊlə] adj.有规律的  

We should get regular exercise.

我们应该定期进行锻炼。

1. physical [5fɪzɪk(ə)l] adj.物理的；身体的;

n.体格检查 

Bob failed his physical.

鲍勃没有通过体格检查。

1. gymnasium [dʒɪm5neɪzɪəm] n.健身房 

I have found a new gymnasium.

我找到一个新的健身房。

1. one after another 一个接一个

Sometimes we would play games one after another. 有时，我们会一个接一个地玩游戏。

1. bargain [5ba:gən] v.讨价还价; n. 交易 

We refuse to bargain over the price.

我们拒绝在价格上讨价还价。

1. volunteer [,vɒlən5tɪə] n.志愿者; v.自愿 

Helen volunteered to have Thanksgiving at her house this year.

海伦主动提出今年的感恩节在她家过。

1. in charge负责

That postman is in charge of this route.

那个邮递员负责这条投递线路。

1. foolish [5fu:lɪʃ ] adj. 愚蠢的 

I was young and foolish at the time.

我那时候年幼无知。

1. admit [əd5mɪt] v. 承认；允许；录取 

Bennett admitted killing his wife.

贝内特承认杀了妻子。

1. compete [kəm5pi:t] v.竞争 

I had to compete against 19 other people for the job. 我得和另外 19 个人竞争这份工作。

1. fine [fain] v.& n. 好的；罚款

He was fined 100 dollars. 他被罚款 100 元。

1. as well 也

Not only I like this movie, but my mother likes it as well.

不但是我喜欢这部电影，我的妈妈也很爱看它。

8. Computers 电脑

The goal of early calculating machines was to simplify difficult sums. But with the help of new technology, electronic chips replaced tubes and a revolution of artificial intelligence has arisen. From then on, the appearance of computers totally changed our lives. They can not only download information from the wet when connected by the network or mobile phone signals, but also solve different types of logical problems. With operators as their coaches, they can even control rockets to explore the moon and instruct androids with the human race’s characters to mop floors and watch over your naughty niece. Anyhow, computers are so helpful that they do bring happiness.

However, computers are easily attacked by viruses. This reality has become a hard-to-deal with-problem. As a result, computers are dangerous in a way. So, personally, I worry about their universal applications in some fields, such as finance.

早期计算机器的目的是简化比较难的计算。但是在新技术的帮助下，电子芯片代替了电子管，一场人工智能革命由此掀起。从那时起，电脑的出现完全改变了我们的生活，它们不仅能在网络或移动电话信号的连接下从网上下载信息，而且可以解决各种类型的逻辑问题。在操作员的教练下，它们甚至还可以控制火箭探索月球，指导具有人类性格的机器人擦洗地板和照顾你调皮的侄女。不管怎么说，电脑都是如此的有用，以致的确给人们带来了快乐。

然而，电脑很容易受到病毒的攻击，这一现实已经成为一个难以处理的难题，结果，电脑在某种程度上是很危险的。因此，就个人而言，我很担心电脑在某些领域，例如金融方面的广泛应用。

重点词汇解析：

1. goal[gəʊl] n.目标;球门 

My main goal was to get the team to the finals.

我的首要目标是让球队进入决赛。

1. calculate [5kælkjʊleɪt] v.计算

I’m trying to calculate how much paint we need.

我想算出我们需要多少涂料。

1. simplify [5sɪmplɪfaɪ] v.简化 

The law needs to be simplified.

这部法律需要简化。

1. sum [sʌm] n.金额；v.概括 

He summed up the way of ours in a few words.

 他用几句话就把我们的感受表达出来了。

1. with the help of 在.....的帮助下

I managed to make myself understood with the help of a phrase book.

在短语手册的帮助下我勉强让别人明白了我的意思。

1. technology [teknɒlədʒɪ] n.技术 

Technology is changing fast. 技术日新月异。

1. electronic [ɪˌlek5trɒnɪk] adj.电子的 

They are in charge of the office electronic equipment. 他们是负责办公室电子设备的。

1. chip [tʃɪp] n.电子芯片；碎片；炸薯条 

Please give me a bag of chips.

请给我一包炸薯条。

1. tube [tju:b] n.管

I went out today and bought a tube of toothpaste.

我今天出去买了一管牙膏。

1. revolution [revə5lu:ʃ (ə)n] n. 革命 

We have a great revolution against the culture.

我们拥有一次反文明的伟大革命。

1. artificial [a:tɪ5fɪʃ (ə)l] adj.人造的 

He was given an artificial heart.

他被植入了人造心脏。

1. intelligence [ɪn5telɪdʒ(ə)ns] n.智力 

She’s a woman of exceptional intelligence.

她是个格外聪明的女人。

1. arise [ə5raɪz] v.上升；出现 

New problems arose imperceptibly.

新问题不知不觉地产生。

1. from then on从那以后

From then on I couldn’t get in touch with him.

从那以后，我无法和他联系。

1. appearance [ə5pɪər(ə)ns] n. 外貌 

She used to be so fussy about her appearance.

她过去过分在意自己的外表。

1. totally [5təʊtəlɪ] adv.完全地 

I totally agree. 我完全同意。

1. download [‚daʊn5ləʊd] v.下载 

Where can I download it?

我从哪里可以下载它？ 

1. net [net] n. 网

You might find something on the Net.

你也许能从网上找到些什么。

1. network [5netwɜ:k] n. 网络 

Provide this information to the network or domain engineer. 向网络或者域工程师提供这些信息。

1. mobile [5məʊbaɪl] adj.可移动的 

They have a four-hundred seat mobile theatre.

他们拥有一个 400 个座位的活动剧场。

1. signal [5sɪgn(ə)l] n.信号 

As soon as it was dark, Mrs. Evans gave the signal.

天一黑，埃文斯夫人就发出了那个信号。

1. solve [sɒlv]  v. 解决 

We’re trying to solve the difficult problem by ourselves. 我们正设法自己解决这个难题。

1. type [taɪp] n. 类型; v.打字 

What type of music do you like?

你喜欢什么类型的音乐？ 

1. logical [5lɒdʒɪk(ə)l] adj.合理的  

There was a logical explanation.

存在一个合理的解释。

1. operator [5ɒpəreɪtə] n.接线员；操作员 

He dialled the operator and put in a call to Rome. 他拨通了接线员，往罗马打了一个电话。

1. coach [kəʊtʃ ] 教练;四轮马车 n.

What you need is a drama coach.

你需要的是一位戏剧指导。

1. rocket [5rɒkɪt] n.火箭 

The satellite was launched in a rocket.

这颗卫星是装在火箭上发射的。

1. explore [ɪk5splɔ:] v.探索 

Let us explore the possibilities for improvement.

让我们探索改善的可能性。

1. android [5ændrɒɪd] n.机器人；安卓操作系统 

A very useful feature of Android is the hidden menu structure.

安卓一个非常有效的特性就是隐藏菜单结构。

1. human race人类

I think the human race needs to think about this problem. 我觉得人类需要思考一下这个问题。

1. character [5kærɪktə] n.性格 

They are much alike in character.

他们的性格很相似。

1. mop [mɒp] v.用拖把拖洗; n. 拖把 

There was a woman mopping the stairs.

有个女人正在拖楼梯。

1. watch over看守；监视；照管

Please watch over the little birds for me.

请帮我照看一下小鸟。

1. naughty [5nɔ:tɪ] adj.顽皮的 

He’s a very naughty boy.

他是个非常顽皮的男孩。

1. niece [ni:s] n.外甥女；侄女

My niece visits us every summer.

我侄女每年暑假看望我们。

1. anyhow [5enɪhaʊ] adv.无论如何 

Anyhow I must tell the truth.

无论如何, 我必须说出真相。

anyhow=anyway

1. so...that:如此....以至于.....

He is so tired that he can’t go on working.

他太累了无法再继续工作。

1. happiness [5hæpinɪs] n.幸福 

We all desire happiness and health.

我们都渴望幸福和健康。

1. virus [5vaɪrəs] n.病毒 

Hackers are said to have started a computer virus.

据说黑客们已开始传播一种计算机病毒。

various(各种各类的） 

1. reality [ri5ælɪti] n. 现实 

In reality, violent crimes are still extremely rare.

实际上，暴力犯罪还是极罕见的。

1. deal with 处理

I can’t deal with your personal problems.

我不能处理你的个人问题。

1. as a result结果

As a result, the bad thing has been turned into a good one. 结果坏事变成了好事。

1. in a way在某种程度上  

In a way, I suppose I’m frightened of failing.

我想，从某种程度上来说我害怕失败。

1. personally [5pɜ:s(ə)n(ə)lɪ] adv.个人地  

Personally I think it’s a waste of time.

在我看来，我认为这是浪费时间。

1. universal [ju:nɪ5vɜ:s(ə)l] adj.宇宙的；普遍的 

So what are the universal principles?

那什么是普遍法则呢？ 

1. application [ˌæplɪ5keɪʃ (ə)n] n.申请；应用 

The university welcomes applications from overseas students.

本大学欢迎海外学生申请入学。

1. finance [5faɪnæns] n.金融;财政 

She refused to answer questions about her personal finances.

她拒绝回答有关个人财务状况的问题。

9. Wildlife Protection保护野生动植物

Dinosaurs died out because of an unexpected incident. But wildlife today disappears or is in danger just because humans do harm to it. For example, tigers are hunted for fur to make carpets so that they can only live in secure reserves; grassland is destroyed without mercy so that dust storms come into being affecting distant cities.

Last year, scientists saw some monkeys rubbing themselves with a certain kind of insects to protect themselves from fierce mosquitoes biting. According to the result of the inspection, they found that the insect contains a powerful drug, so local farmers were employed to catch the insects. The ending was that the insects disappeared from the whole zone. When told that it was a loss to humans, the farmers burst into laughter and responded, “Our real loss is our decreasing income.”

We should appreciate the natural balance and pay more attention to the importance of wildlife protection. Not until we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace, can we smile in relief.

    恐龙因一次意外事件而灭绝，但是今天的野生动植物却是因为人类的伤害而消失或处在危险中。例如，老虎被猎杀以获取做地毯的皮毛，以致它们只能生活在安全的保护区里；草地被毫不怜悯地破坏，以致沙尘暴开始影响遥远的城市。

去年，科学家观察到猴子在身上擦某种昆虫来保护自己不受凶猛的蚊子的叮咬。根据检查的结果，他们发现这种昆虫含有一种具有强大效力的药物，于是，当地的农民都被雇来抓虫子。结果是，这种昆虫从这整个地区都消失了。当被告知说这是整个人类的损失时，农民们都突然大笑着回应道：“我们减少的收入才是我们真正的损失呢！”

我们应该意识到自然平衡的重要，更加注意野生动植物的保护。直到我们成功让野生动植物安详平静地生活，我们自己才能如释重负地笑开颜。

重点词汇解析：

1. dinosaur[5daɪnəsɔ:] n. 恐龙

Soon, a baby dinosaur will hatch from it.

很快，一只小恐龙将从里面孵化出来。

1. die out灭绝

Why did such a durable species die out?

为什么这样一个持久的物种灭绝了？

1. unexpected [‚ʌnɪk5spektɪd] adj.意外的

His death was totally unexpected.

他的死完全出人意料。

1. incident [5ɪnsɪdənt] n. 事件

The incident happened as Mrs. Edwards was walking her dog.

事发时爱德华兹太太正在遛狗。

1. wildlife [5waɪl(d)laɪf] n.野生动植物

Visitors have the feeling of walking in the desert surrounded by native plants and wildlife.

游客们感到就像走在被本土植物和野生动物环绕的沙漠之中。

1. in danger处在危险中

The doctors pronounced that he was no longer in danger. 医生宣称他已脱离危险。

1. harm [ha:m] n. 伤害

Try to choose products that do the least harm to the environment.

尽量选择对环境损害最小的产品。

1. hunt [hʌnt] v.打猎

Detectives are busy hunting for clues.

侦探们忙着寻找线索。

1. fur [fɜ:] n.皮

She is wearing a black coat with a fur collar.

她穿着一件有毛皮领子的黑色外套。

1. carpet [5kɑ:pɪt] n.地毯

My bedroom carpet is grey.

我卧室里的地毯是灰色的。

1. so that以便

He wrote down my address, so that he might remember it.

他写下了我的地址，以便能够记住它。

1. secure [sɪ5kjʊə] adj.安全的

We’ll make sure our home is as secure as possible from now on.

我们将从现在起确保我们的家尽可能安全。

1. reserve [rɪ5zɜ:v] v.预定

Please call ahead if you want to reserve a room.

预订房间请提前来电话。

1. mercy [5mɜ:sɪ] n. 仁慈

He begs for mercy and forgiveness.

他恳求怜悯和宽恕。

1. dust [dʌst] n.灰尘; v. 除尘

She dusted all the books on the bookshelf.

她把书架上所有书上的灰尘都掸干净。

1. come into进入

You come into the world with nothing, the saying goes. 俗语有云，你一无所有来到这俗世。

1. affect [ə5fekt] v. 影响

Cold weather affected the crops.

寒冷对作物产生了影响。

1. distant [5dɪstənt] adj.遥远的

This may all seem like a distant dream, but it is not so far away.

这也许像是一个遥远的梦想，但是，它并不那么遥远。

1. rub [rʌb] v. 擦

It was cold,so he rubbed his hands together.

天很冷，他使劲搓着双手。

1. certain [5sɜ:t(ə)n] adj. 确定的；某一的

I’m not certain when it will be ready.

我不确定什么时候能准备好。

1. insect [5ɪnsekt] n. 昆虫

An insect eating a leaf is a chain of one. 昆虫吃树叶就是一条食物链的一层。

1. protect...from保护.....免于.....：

What can women do to protect themselves from heart disease?

女性能做什么来保护自己不患心脏病呢？

1. fierce [fɪəs] adj. 凶猛的

They look like the teeth of some fierce animal.

它们看上去像是某种猛兽的牙齿。

1. mosquito [mə5ski:təʊ] n. 蚊子

Malaria is spread by mosquito bites.

疟疾经由蚊子叮咬传播。

1. bite [baɪt] v.咬

The lion bit his trainer.狮子咬伤其驯兽者。

1. according to根据

They both played the game according to the rules.

他们两个都按照那些规则进行了这场游戏。

1. inspection [ɪn5spekʃən] n. 视察;检查

How often do you do safety inspection?

你们多久做一次安全检查？

1. contain [kən5teɪn] v.包含

The envelope contained a Christmas card.

该信封里装有一张圣诞贺卡。

1. powerful [5paʊəfʊl] adj. 强大的

The more powerful the car the more difficult it is to handle. 汽车的功效越大，操纵起来越难。

1. employ [ɪm5plɔɪ] v.雇佣

This factory employs thousands of people.

这家工厂雇用数千人。

1. ending [5endɪŋ] n.结局

The film has a Hollywood happy ending.

这部电影具有好莱坞式的美满结局。

1. zone [zəʊn] n. 地区；地带

Civilians were told to leave the danger zone.

市民被告知离开危险区域。

1. loss [lɒs] n.亏损

The company made a loss of 250,000 last year.

公司去年亏损了25万美元。

1. burst into laughter 突然大笑

The house burst into laughter after hearing the joke.

听完这个笑话后满屋子的人发出一阵爆笑。

1. respond [rɪ5spɒnd] v.反应

He responded to our suggestion with a smile .

他对我们的建议一笑置之。

1. decrease [dɪ5kri:s] v.&n.减少

The average rainfall has decreased by around 30 percent. 平均降雨量已减少30%左右。

1. income [5ɪnkʌm] n. 收入

Your spending should not go over your income.

 你的支出不应超过你的收入。

1. appreciate [ə5pri:ʃieɪt] v. 欣赏

We appreciate your helping us.

我们对你们给予我们的帮助表示感谢。

1. pay attention to注意

Pay more attention to your pronunciation.   

多注意你的发音。

1. importance [ɪm5pɔ:təns] n.重要性

Do you realize the importance of this question?

你意识到这个问题的重要性吗?

1. protection [prə5tekʃən] n. 保护

This law provides protection for threatened animals and plants.

这项法律保护了濒危动植物。

1. succeed in在.....方面成功

He succeeded in his business.

他在自己的事业上获得成功。

1. in peace和平地；安静地

I wish she would just leave me in peace.

我真希望她能让我清静会儿。

1. in relief如释重负地

Behind me I could hear the other girls sigh in relief.

我能听到身后其他几个女孩如释重负地松了口气。

10. My First Band我的第一支乐队

I was very sensitive to music. Just dipping into the music books briefly, I could sing or play well. To be honest, I always dreamt of becoming a famous folk actor. I was so confident that I never decreased my devotion.

I formed my first band called “Rolling Frog”. At the beginning, we relied on performing on instruments in pubs or to passers –by to earn extra money in cash. Then we wore false beards to pretend to be the musicians whom people were familiar with. In addition, we attached humorous acts to our performances and played jokes on each other. Soon, our “funny jazz” became famous and invitations to perform for broadcast stations began to come. Afterwards, we sorted out attractive music and made a record in a studio. A million or so copies were sold and we became millionaires.

It was painful that the band broke up finally. But above all, I realized my dream to be a musician.

我对音乐很敏感，只要简要地浏览一下乐谱，我就能演唱或演奏得很好。说实话，我一直都梦想着能成为出名的民间演员，自信的我从未减少过热爱。

我组成的第一支乐队叫做“摇滚蛙”。开始，我们依靠在酒吧里或向路人表演乐器来挣些零花的现金。然后我们带上假胡子假扮人们熟悉的音乐家，除此之外，我们在表演中加上幽默的动作，互相开着玩笑。很快，我们的“滑稽爵士乐”出了名，到广播电台表演的邀请开始多起来。随后，我们把我们吸引人的音乐做了分类，在一间音乐工作室录制了1张唱片，大约卖出了100万张，这使我们都成了百万富翁。

乐队最终的解散让我很心痛，但最重要的是，我实现了自己当音乐家的梦想。

重点词汇解析：

1. sensitive [5sensɪtɪv] adj.敏感的；感觉的

Young people are very sensitive about their appearance.

年轻人对自己的外貌很敏感。

1. dip into浸在......里面

He dipped his hand into the pool.

他把手浸入池水中。

1. briefly [5bri:flɪ] adv. 短暂地；简略地

He smiled briefly. 他短促地微微一笑。

1. to be honest老实说

To be honest, I have to improve my English, because my English is not good enough.

说实话，我得补补我的英语了，因为我的英语还不够好。

1. dream of 梦想

We dreamed of having a car and a house.

我们梦想有车有房。

1. folk [fəʊk] adj.民间的

Do you like folk music? 你喜欢民间音乐吗？

1. actor [5æktə] n.男演员

Her son wants to be an actor.

她儿子想当演员。

1. confident [5kɒnfɪd(ə)nt] adj.自信的

I am confident that everything will come out right in time.

我相信最终一切都会好起来的。

1. devotion [dɪ5vəʊʃ(ə)n] n.献身

Nevertheless, he showed great affection and devotion to his master.

然而，他对主人表现出深厚的感情和忠诚。

1. form [fɔ:m] n.形式

I am against hunting in any form.

我反对任何形式的狩猎。

1. roll [rəʊl] n.卷; v. 滚动

The dog is rolling on the lawn.

狗在草坪上打滚。

1. rely on依靠

Learn to rely on yourself first, then others.

学会首先依靠自己然后才是他人。

1. perform [pə5fɔ:m] v. 执行；演奏

She will be performing at the piano.

她将演奏钢琴。

1. instrument [‘ɪnstrʊm(ə)nt] n.乐器；仪器

Learning a musical instrument introduces a child to an understanding of music.

学习一种乐器能引导孩子对音乐有所了解。

1. pub [pʌb] n. 酒吧

He was in the pub until closing time.

他在酒馆里待到打烊。

1. passer-by [pɑ:sə5bai] n. 过路人 

A woman passer-by saw the accident and heard her cry out.

一个女人路过，看见了整个事故，还听见她大喊救命。

1. earn [ɜ:n] v.赚

What a lovely way to earn a living.

一个多好的谋生方式啊！

1. extra [5ekstrə] adj. 另外的；额外的

I asked for an extra two weeks to finish the work.

我要求再多给两周的时间来完成工作。

1. in cash用现金

They also paid for their second house in cash.

他们还是用现金支付他们第二个房子。

1. beard [bɪəd] n.胡须

He’s decided to grow a beard.

他已经决定蓄胡须。

1. pretend [prɪ5tend] v.假装

Sometimes the boy pretended to be asleep.

有时候那个男孩子假装睡着了。

1. musician [mju: 5zɪʃ(ə)n] n.音乐家

A few years ago, I was a popular musician.

几年前我是一个受欢迎的音乐家。

1. be familiar with熟悉

He is familiar with export procedure.

他熟悉出口手续。

1. in addition此外

In addition, you can elect to share your files with others.

另外，您可以决定与其他的用户共享 您的文件。

1. attach [ə5tætʃ] v.附加

We attach labels to things before we file them away.

我们在把东西归档前先给它们贴上标签。

1. humorous [5hju:mərəs] adj. 幽默的

He was quite humorous, and I liked that about him.

他很幽默，我喜欢他这一点。

1. performance [pə5fɔ:məns] n. 表演

This evening’s performance will begin at 8.00 pm.

今晚的演出8点开始。

1. play jokes on开玩笑

You can play jokes on someone, but take care not to let it go overboard.

你可以跟某人开玩笑，但切忌不要玩得太过火了。

1. jazz [dʒæz] n. 爵士乐

This was the first time I really listened to jazz.

那是我人生第一次真真正正的听爵士乐。

1. invitation [ɪnvɪ5teɪʃ(ə)n] n.邀请

She refused his invitation to the tea party.

他请她参加茶会，她拒绝了他的邀请。

1. broadcast [5brɔ:dkɑ:st] v.&n. 广播

The concert will be broadcast live on television and radio.

音乐会将通过电视和电台现场直播。

1. afterwards [5ɑ:ftəwədz] adv.后来

I’ll tell you what happened afterwards.

我会告诉你后来发生的事的。

1. sort out分类

Sort out the large from the small.

把大的和小的分开。

1. attractive [ə5træktɪv] adj.有吸引力的

She’s a very attractive woman.

她是一个非常有魅力的女人。

1. studio [5stju:diəʊ] n.工作室

She was in her studio again, painting onto a large canvas.

她又在她的工作室里了，在一块大帆布上画画。

1. or so大约；左右

He will return in a week or so.

他在一星期左右以后回来。

1. millionaire [mɪljə5neə] n.百万富翁

By the time he died, he was a millionaire.

到他去世的时候，他已是一位百万富翁。

1. painful [5peɪnfʊl] adj.痛苦的

Her leg is still painful where she broke it.

她腿上骨折的地方仍然很痛。

1. break up解散；打碎；分手

Police used tear gas to break up a demonstration.

警察使用了催泪瓦斯来驱散示威活动。

1. above all首先；最重要的是

Above all we must be honest about what we do not know.

最重要的是，对于我们不了解的东西我们必须诚实。

11.An Interesting Festival 有趣的节日

The Agricultural Feast takes place after the Independence Day. It is not a worldwide celebration. Only Christians in Mexico look forward to its arrival for its religious origin:

Long ago, humans’ ancestors were bad. They fooled and played tricks on each other and never kept their word. So God turned up and drowned all their crops. Humans starved day and night, weeping. In order to gain God’s forgiveness, a woman poet set off to see God. She admired God and kept apologizing. God was moved. With his permission, humans finally had good harvests again. So, to wipe sadness and remind themselves of the belief in God, people began the festival.

On the festival, people gather in open air, such as playgrounds or parking lots, and energetically have fun with each other all night long, as though they were never tired. When a beauty dressed up in lovely clothing reads poems in memory of the poet, everyone holds their breath. Then, it is the custom that the bone of a rooster head is given to her as an award.

Obviously, the story is not true, but the festival is interesting.

农业盛会在独立日后举行。它不是一个世界性的庆典，由于它的宗教起源，只有墨西哥的基督徒才盼着节日的到来：

很久以前，人类的祖先很坏，他们互相欺骗，耍诡计，从不遵守诺言。于是，上帝出现了，淹死了他们所有的作物。人们日夜挨饿，哭泣着。为了获得上帝的原谅，一位女诗人出发去见上帝。她对上帝的赞美和怀有的歉意感动了上帝，有了他的允许，人类终于又获得了丰收。因此，为了抹去忧伤并提醒自己对上帝的信仰，人们开始举办这个节日。

在节日那天，人们聚集在露天场所，例如操场或停车场，通宵达旦地玩得非常开心，精力充沛的人们似乎不知疲倦。当一位用可爱的衣服盛装打扮的美女朗读诗歌以纪念那位诗人时，在场的每个人都屏住了呼吸，然后，按照风俗，将奖励给她一只公鸡的头骨。

很明显，这个故事不是真的，但是节日却很有趣。

重点词汇解析

1. agricultural [ægrɪ5kʌltʃərəl] adj.农业的

All this changed with the agricultural revolution.

这一切全因农业革命而改变。

1. feast [fi:st] n.宴会

The fruit was often served at wedding feasts.

婚宴上常有水果供应。

1. take place发生

What did it take place? 它什么时候发生？

1. independence [‚ɪndɪ’pendəns] n.独立

He was afraid of losing his independence.

他担心丧失自己的独立。

1. worldwide [‚wɜ:ld’waɪd] adj.全世界的

Today, doctors are fearing a worldwide epidemic.

如今，医生们在担心一次世界性的流行。

1. celebration [‚selɪ5breɪʃən] n.庆祝；庆典

We’re having a small celebration for Dad’s birthday.

我们要为爸爸的生日搞个小小的庆祝会。

1. Christian [5krɪstʃən] n.基督徒 

Most of my friends are Christian.

我大多数朋友都信奉基督教。

1. Mexico [5meksɪkəʊ] n. 墨西哥

Have you ever been to Mexico?

你曾去过墨西哥吗？

1. look forward to期待

I look forward to your early reply.

我期待早日收到您的回复。

1. arrival [ə5raɪv(ə)l] n.到达

The arrival of winter can make many people feel depressed.

冬天来临会令许多人感到抑郁。

1. religious [rɪ5lɪdʒəs] adj.宗教的 

Religious groups are now able to meet quite openly.

宗教团体现在可以公开集会了。

1. origin [5ɒrɪdʒɪn] n.起源

The word is French in origin.

这个单词源于法语。

1. ancestor [5ænsestə] n.祖先

Our daily lives are so different from those of our ancestors.

我们的日常生活与我们祖先的生活如此不同。

1. fool [fu:l] n.傻瓜；v.欺骗

Don’t be fooled by his appearance.

不要被他的外表所蒙蔽。

1. play trick on捉弄

If they do not give us a treat, we can play a trick on them.

假如他们不招待我们，我们就做恶作剧。

1. keep one’s word遵守诺言

It is considered a good quality to keep one’s word.

守信被认为是一种良好的品质。

1. turn up出现；开大

Many guests turned up at the meeting yesterday.

许多客人出席了昨天的会议。

1. drown [draʊn] v.淹死；淹没

Many towns and villages drowned.

许多城乡被淹没了。

1. starve [sta:v] v. 饿死

Many people starved to death in the famine.

许多人饿死于此次饥荒。

1. day and night日以继夜地

He keeps working in the lab day and night.

他日以继夜地在实验室工作。

1. weep [wi:p] v.&n.哭泣

She wept for the loss of her mother.

她因母亲去世而哭泣。

1. gain [geɪn] v.获得 

Each of the boys has gained a prize.

每个男孩都赢得了奖品。

1. forgiveness [fə5gɪvnɪs] n.宽恕

He begged her forgiveness. 他恳求她的宽恕。

1. poet [5pəʊɪt] n.诗人

He is a poet from another century.

他是来自另一个世纪的诗人。

1. set off出发

The wife set off immediately to see a famous lawyer.

妻子立刻出发去找一位著名的律师。

1. admire [əd5maɪə] v.钦佩

He admired the way she had coped with life.

他钦佩她应对生活的方式。

1. apologize [ə5pɒlədʒaɪz] v. 道歉

She apologized for accusing him falsely.

她为错误地咒骂他而道歉。

1. permission [pə5mɪʃən] n.允许；许可

They cannot leave the country without permission.

没有许可他们不得离开这个国家。

1. harvest [5ha:vɪst] n.丰收; v.收割

They turned the soil after the harvest.

他们在收获后翻耕土壤。

1. wipe [waɪp] v.&n.擦拭

I’ll just wipe the table. 我只擦擦桌子。

1. sadness [5sædnɪs] n.悲伤

It was with great sadness that we learned of his death.

我们听到他去世的消息，感到极为悲痛。

1. remind of使回想起

That song always reminds me of our first date.

那首歌总使我回忆起我们的第一次约会。

1. belief [bɪ5li:f] n. 相信；信仰

It is still my firm belief that we did the right thing.

我仍然坚信我们做的事是正确的。

1. gather [5gæðə] v. 收集；聚集

Gather the men together and we’ll start the march.

把人集中起来，我们要出发了。

1. parking lot停车场

Park as far away as possible in the parking lot.

将车停在停车场内尽可能远的地方。

1. energetic [,enə5dʒetɪk] adj. 精力充沛的

If you’re feeling energetic, we could go out for a run.

你要是觉得有精力，我们可以出去跑步。

1. have fun玩得开心

If you do these things, you will not only have fun but also learn English.

如果你做这些事，你将不仅获得乐趣而且也学到英语。

1. all night long整夜；通宵

He didn’t sleep a wink last night because he kept cough all night long.

他昨夜无法成眠，因为他整夜都在咳嗽。

1. as though好像

He sounds as though he has the weight of the world on him.

他说这话的时候好像全世界的重量都压在他身上。

1. beauty [5bju:tɪ] n. 美人；美

She is known as a great beauty.

她是个众所皆知的大美人。

1. dress up打扮

You do not need to dress up for dinner.

你不必为了晚宴盛装打扮。

1. clothing [5kləʊðɪŋ] n. 服装（总称）

You’ll only need light clothing during the day.

白天你只需要穿薄的衣服。

1. in memory of纪念

This museum was built in memory of the great writer -Lu Xun.

这个博物馆是为了纪念伟大作家鲁迅而建造的。

1. hold one’s breath屏住呼吸

How long can you hold your breath underwater?

你在水里能憋气多长时间？

1. custom [5kʌstəm] n. 风俗

The custom of lighting the Olympic flame goes back centuries.

点燃奥运圣火的风俗可追溯到几个世纪前。

1. bone [bəʊn] n. 骨头

He broke his collar bone. 他锁骨骨折。

1. rooster [5ru:stə] n. 公鸡

I was born in the year of rooster. 我是属鸡的。

1. award [ə5wɔ:d] v. 奖励; n. 奖品

The degree of B.A. was awarded to her.

她被授予文学士学位。

1. obviously [5ɒbvɪəslɪ] adv.明显地

They obviously appreciate you very much.

他们明显很欣赏你。

12. Balanced Diet平衡膳食

Wang Peng earned his living by running a barbecue restaurant, which served delicious bacon, fried chicken breast and mutton roasted with pepper and garlic. But his food and discount attracted fewer and fewer customers. Finally, he was in debt. Yong Hui’s slimming restaurant served fresh peas, carrots, eggplants, and raw cucumbers with vinegar. As the hostess, she said fibres benefited customers’ digestion the most. In order not to let Yong Hui get away with telling lies, Wang Peng spied on Yong Hui despite her glare. But he was surprised that she was losing her customers, too.

Curiosity drove Wang Peng to consult an expert. The expert sighed and said, “Both of your menus have weakness and limited strength. Your customers put on weight too easily, while Yong Hui’s lose weight too quickly. So, Wang Peng, cut down the fat of your food and increase vegetables and fruits, like nuts, beans, mushrooms, peaches and lemons. You ought to combine the two menus and provide a balanced diet.”

Before long, Wang Peng won his customers back.

     王鹏经营一家烧烤餐厅来谋生，他的餐厅供应美味的腊肉、油炸的鸡胸，还有用辣椒和大蒜一起烤制的羊肉。但是，他的食物和折扣吸引的顾客越来越少，最后是他负债累累。永慧的减肥餐厅供应的是新鲜的豌豆、红萝卜、茄子和醋腌的生黄瓜。作为老板娘（女主人），她总是说食物纤维才最有利于顾客的消化。为了不让永慧说了谎不受惩罚，王鹏不顾她的怒视，前去探查个究竟。但是让他惊奇的是，永慧的顾客也在严重地流失。

好奇心驱使王鹏去咨询专家。那位专家叹息着说：“你们俩的菜单都缺点明显、优点有限。你的顾客很容易就发胖，而永慧的顾客体重却减轻得太快。所以嘛，王鹏，你要减少你的食物中的脂肪含量，增加蔬菜和水果，例如坚果、豆类、蘑菇、桃子和柠檬之类。你应该把两份菜单结合起来，给顾客提供平衡的膳食。”

不久，王鹏就赢回了他的顾客。

重点词汇解析

1. earn one’s living谋生

He earned his living as a musician.

他靠当音乐家谋生。

1. barbecue [5ba:bɪkju:] v.&n. 烧烤；烤肉

On New Year’s Eve we had a barbecue on the beach.

除夕那天我们在海滩上举行了烧烤野餐。

1. bacon [5beɪkən] n. 熏肉；培根

We have bacon and eggs for breakfast.

我们早餐吃熏肉和鸡蛋。

1. fried [fraɪd] adj. 油炸的

Don’t eat too much junk food and fried food.

别吃太多垃圾食品和油炸食物。

1. breast [brest] n. 胸部；胸脯肉

The coat is too tight at the breast.

这件衣服胸部太紧了。

1. mutton [5mʌtn] n. 羊肉

This mutton has got a strong smell.

这羊肉味太膻。

1. roast [rəʊst] v. 烤；烘

The beef is roasting in the oven.

烤箱里烤着牛肉。

1. pepper [5pepə] n. 胡椒粉

Season with salt and pepper.

用盐和胡椒调味。

1. garlic [5ga:lɪk] n. 大蒜；蒜头

Garlic is good for our health.大蒜有益健康。

1. discount [5dɪskaʊnt] n. 折扣

All full-time staff get a 20 percent discount.

所有全职员工都可以享受8折优惠。

1. customer [5kʌstəmə] n. 顾客

The quality of customer service is extremely important.

客户服务质量极其重要。

1. in debt负债

Bad management will land the company in debt.

经营不善会使公司负债。

1. slim [slɪm] adj. 苗条的

The young woman was tall and slim.

那个年轻女子个子高挑，身材苗条。

1. pea [pi:] n. 豌豆

Only a real princess could feel one little pea!

只有真正的公主才能感觉到一个小豌豆！

1. carrot [5kærət] n. 胡萝卜

It’s said that the carrot is the second most popular vegetable in the world.

据说胡萝卜是世界上最受欢迎的蔬菜。

1. eggplant [5egpla:nt] n. 茄子

He likes eggplants best. 他最喜欢茄子。

1. raw [rɔ:] adj. 生的

In Italy, they serve raw beef.

在意大利，他们提供生牛肉。

1. cucumber [5kju:kʌmbə] n. 黄瓜

He kept as cool as a cucumber in this dangerous situation.

在这个危险的环境中他表现的镇定自若。

1. vinegar [5vɪnɪgə] n. 醋

Try using different types of vinegar or milk.

试着变换使用不同的醋和牛奶。

1. hostess [5həʊstɪs] n. 女主人

The hostess introduced them.

女主人介绍了他们。

1. fibre [5faɪbə] n. 纤维

If you look at the paper under a microscope you will see the fibres.

如果你在显微镜下观察这张纸，你就会看到纤维。

1. benefit [5benɪfɪt] v. 受益; n. 益处

Both sides have benefited from the talks.

双方都从会谈中获益。

1. digestion [daɪ5dʒestʃən] n. 消化

Digestion begins in the mouth with the action of saliva.

消化是在口腔唾液的作用下开始的。

1. get away with侥幸逃脱

The criminals know how to play the system and get away with it.

那些罪犯知道怎样钻制度的空子并逃脱惩罚。

1. tell lies说谎

It is not good to tell lies. 说谎是不对的。

1. spy on侦查

I found someone had being spying on me.

我发现有人一直在暗中监视着我。

1. glare [ɡleə] n. 怒视. V. 盯着

The whole class glared at the teacher when he told them their punishment.

在老师向全班宣布处罚时，全班同学气愤地怒视着他。

1. curiously [5kjʊərɪəslɪ] adv. 好奇地

“What are you thinking?” he asked curiously.

“你在想什么？”他好奇地问道。

1. consult [kən5sʌlt] v. 咨询；商量

Consult your doctor about how much exercise you should get.

咨询你的医生你应做多少运动。

1. sigh [saɪ] v.&n.叹气；叹息

Roberta sighed with relief. 罗伯塔松了口气。

1. weakness [5wi:knɪs] n. 缺点；弱点

You should know your weakness.

你应清楚自己的弱点。

1. limit [5lɪmɪt] v. &n.限制

The teacher limited her to 800 words for her composition.

老师将她的作文限定在800字以内。

1. strength [streŋθ] n. 力量

He threw it forward with all his strength.

他使尽全部的力气把它向前扔出。

把strong（强壮的）o改为e再加th。

1. put on weight增肥

If you eat too much chocolate, you’ll put on weight.

如果你吃过多的巧克力，你就会发胖。

1. lose weight减肥

How can I lose weight? 我怎样才能减肥？

1. cut down削减；砍倒

They have to cut down the office staff.

他们不得不裁减办公室的职员。

1. nut [nʌt] n. 坚果

Nuts and seeds are good sources of vitamin E.

坚果和种子是维生素E的良好来源。

1. bean [bi:n] n. 豆

Every bean has its black. 凡人各有其缺点。

1. mushroom [5mʌʃru:m] n. 蘑菇

There are many types of wild mushrooms.

有许多种野生蘑菇。

1. peach [pi:tʃ] n. 桃子

The monkey is going to steal another peach.

那只猴子打算再偷一只桃子。

1. lemon [5lemən] n. 柠檬

Add a few drops of lemon juice. 加几滴柠檬汁。

1. ought to应该

We ought to get her some flowers for her birthday.

我们应当送她些花祝贺她的生日。

1. combine [kəm5baɪn] v. 联合

The two countries combined together against their enemy.

这两个国家联合起来一致对敌。

1. balanced [5bælənst] adj. 平衡的

Nature is perfectly balanced.

大自然是非常平衡的。

1. diet [5daɪət] n. 饮食

It’s never too late to improve your diet.

改善饮食什么时候都不嫌晚。

1. before long不久之后

The interest rates will come down before long.

利率不久就会降下来。

13. Sailing Home 划船回家

This novel was about an unbelievable but genuine adventure. Its author was a black businessman who was brought up in America. In 1956, he visited Africa, his birthplace. One day, when he was wandering on the pavement near the bay enjoying the sea scenes, he lost his money and passport that he kept in an envelope. So he went to the embassy to seek help, but the ambassador with rude manners didn’t permit his staff to help though he bowed to him. Staring at his impatient face, he understood that it was the fault of his skin colour that accounted for their refection. So he decided to take a chance to sail on a small boat home.

He met a large amount of difficulty but was never stopped. On the contrary, difficulty pushed him to go ahead harder. Three months later, he was spotted by a ship by accident. He was in rags indeed. A maid even screamed when bringing him a steak and pineapple dessert. Aboard, he earned his passage by working as a barber and got home finally. As for the name of his novel, he couldn’t think of a better one than the phrase “Go Ahead”.

这部小说写的是一次令人难以置信而又真实的历险。其作者是一位在美国被抚养长大的黑人商人。1956年，他回到他的出生地非洲。有一天，当他在海湾边的人行道上漫步欣赏海景时，他丢失了一个装着钱和护照的信封，于是向当地的大使馆寻求帮助。但是大使态度非常粗鲁，即使向他鞠躬，也不允许他的职员帮忙。盯着他那不耐烦的脸，他知道是他皮肤颜色的错才导致了他们的拒绝。于是，他决定冒险驾驶一只小船回家。

他遇到了许多困难，但是从未停止，相反，困难推动他更努力地前进。三个月后，当他被一艘船偶然发现时，真的是衣衫褴褛。给他端来牛排和菠萝甜品的女仆甚至被吓得尖叫起来。在船上，他当一名理发师来挣取船费，最后终于回到了家。至于这部小说的名字，他再也不能想到一个比“前进”更好的短语了。

重点词汇解析

1. novel [5nɒvəl] n. 小说

He translated the French novel into English.

他把那本法文小说译成英文。

1. unbelievable [ʌnbɪ5li:vəb(ə)l] adj. 难以置信的

His guitar solos are just unbelievable.

他的吉他独奏简直妙得令人难以置信。

1. genuine [5dʒenjʊɪn] adj. 真实的；真诚的

She is very caring and very genuine.

她很有同情心，也非常诚实可靠。

1. adventure [əd5ventʃə] n. 冒险

I like the feeling of adventure.

我喜欢冒险的感觉。

1. author [5ɔ:θə] n.作者

Haruki Murakami is Japan’s best-selling author.

村上春树是日本的畅销书作家。

1. businessman [5bɪznɪsmən] n. 商人

What kind of businessman is he?

他是什么样的商人？

1. bring up抚养

She brought up four children.

她养育了4个孩子。

1. birthplace [‘bɜ:θpleɪs] n. 出生地；发源地

Athens is the birthplace of the ancient Olympics.

雅典是古代奥林匹克运动的发祥地。

1. wander [5wɒndə] v. 徘徊；漫步

The boy went out of school and wandered eastward.

男孩出了学校向东走去。

1. pavement [5peɪvm(ə)nt] n. 人行道

Some fans have slept on the pavement outside.

一些球迷就睡在外面的人行道上。

1. bay[beɪ] n. 海湾

At a distance one can see a bay with modern port facilities.

远处能看到一个拥有现代港口设施的海湾。

1. scene[si:n] n. 场面

The film contains some violent scenes.

这部影片有几处暴力场面。

1. envelope [‘envələʊp] n. 信封

Please stick this stamp to the envelope before you mail the letter.

在你寄出这封信之前，请把这张邮票贴在信封上。

1. embassy [‘embəsɪ] n. 大使馆

If I go when the embassy opens, it won’t be so busy.

如果大使馆一开门我就去，人就不会那么多。

1. seek [si:k] v. 搜索

Our mission is to seek out the enemy and destroy them.

我们的任务是要找到敌人并把他们消灭。

1. rude [ru:d] adj. 粗鲁的

He’s the rudest man I’ve ever met.

我从没见过像他那么粗鲁的人。

1. manner [5mænə] n. 方式；方法

She smiled again in a friendly manner.

她又友好地笑了笑。

1. permit [pə’mɪt] v. 许可；录取

Smoking is not permitted here.这儿不许吸烟。

1. bow [baʊ] v.&n.鞠躬

They were bowing as the king and queen walking in.

当国王和王后进来时他们屈膝致敬。

1. stare at盯着

She stared at me in surprise.

她惊奇地睁大眼睛看着我。

1. impatient [ɪm5peɪʃənt] adj. 不耐心的

Beware of being too impatient with others.

注意不要对别人太没有耐心。

1. fault [fɔ:lt] n. 过错

It’s my fault for not making your new job clearer.

没把你的新工作解释清楚是我的责任。

1. account for对.....负有责任；解释

You will have to account for the disappearance of the money.

你要对丢失了钱负责。

1. take a chance冒险

He decided to take a chance.

他决定冒险一试。

1. a large amount of大量的 [U]

A report specification contains a large amount of information and can be very complex.

报告规范包含大量的信息，并且可能会非常复杂。

1. on the contrary相反

On the contrary, many people defended him.

相反，很多人还为他进行辩护。

1. go ahead前进

You go ahead and tell him that I’m coming.

你先行一步，告诉他我随后就到。

1. spot [spɒt] v. 认出; n. 地点；斑点；疙瘩

They stayed at several of the island’s top tourist spots.

他们在岛上几个最好的旅游景点呆过。

1. by accident偶然；意外地

We met together by accident. 我们偶然相会。

1. in rags衣衫褴褛

The stranger dressed in rags is a modern beggar.

衣衫褴褛的这个陌生人是个现代的乞丐。

1. indeed [ɪn5di:d] adv. 的确

The results are often strange indeed.

结果往往真是奇怪。

1. scream [skri:m] v.&n.尖叫

She screamed when going into the room.

她走进房间时便尖声惊叫起来。

1. steak [steɪk] n. 牛排

The steak was so tough that he couldn’t eat it.

那牛排硬得他没法吃。

1. pineapple [5paɪnæp(ə)l] n. 菠萝

Would you like some pineapple juice?

你想要些菠萝汁吗？

1. dessert [dɪ5zɜ:t] n. 甜点

What are we having for dessert?

我们吃什么甜点？

1. passage [5pæsɪdʒ] n. 文章；船费

My parents couldn’t afford the passage to America.

我父母付不起去美国的船费。

1. as for至于

As for the future, time will tell.

那么对于未来，时间将会说明一切。

1. phrase [freɪz] n. 短语

What was the phrase he used to describe her?

他是用哪个短语形容她的？

14. Explore MKII 探测MKII行星

MKII, a planet billions of kilometers away, is the origin of life in many religions. Physicists have proved the theory that its gentle climate and the pull of its gravity are similar to the earth’s. And astronomers have found that oxygen atoms and carbon dioxide, which are fundamental to life, exist in its atmosphere through satellites. Cheered up by this news, biologists, in their turn, began to do some research to remove people’s puzzles — Now that there are some suitable conditions, does life really exist on this globe? Do they multiply by laying eggs or giving birth to babies?

Last month, a spaceship was sent there. It’s a pity that this mission failed. Unlike the earth, MKII is a much younger planet. Thus, masses of harmful acid clouds float everywhere causing violent chain reactions to break out. These clouds not only blocked out the pilots’ sight but also damaged the engine system. Luckily, the pilots watched out carefully and prevented the spaceship from crashing in time.

     MK二号是一颗几十亿公里外的行星，它在许多宗教里都是生命起源的地方。物理学家已经证明了它温和的气候和重力的牵引都和地球相似的理论；天文学家也通过卫星，在它的大气层里发现了氧原子和二氧化碳的存在，这些都是对生命来说，都是基本的。受到这一消息的鼓舞，生物学家们接着开始了研究以解开人们的迷惑——既然有了适合的条件，生命真的存在于这个星球吗？他们是通过下蛋，还是产仔来繁殖后代的呢？

上个月，一艘太空飞船被派到了那儿。可惜的是，这次任务失败了。不像地球，MK二号是一颗年轻得多的行星。因此，大团大团的有害酸云到处漂浮，引起猛烈的连锁反应的爆发。这些云团不仅阻挡了飞行员的视线，而且还损坏了发动机系统。幸运的是，飞行员小心注意，才及时阻止了飞船的坠毁。

重点词汇解析

1. billion [5bɪljən] n. 十亿

Over a billion people live here, in an area half the size of the US.

超过十亿人口生活在这片地区，该区域大约有美国的一半大。

1. religion [rɪ5lɪdʒ(ə)n] n. 宗教

This is a part of our belief and our religion.

这是我们的信仰和我们的宗教的一部分。

1. physicist [5fɪzɪsɪst] n. 物理学家

My goal in those days is to become a physicist.

我那时的目标是成为一个物理学家。

1. theory [5θɪərɪ] n. 理论

He taught us music theory. 他教我们乐理。

1. gentle [5dʒentl] adj. 温和的

My son was a quiet and gentle man who liked sports and enjoyed life.

我儿子是个安静温和的男人，他喜欢运动和享受生活。

1. climate [5klaɪmɪt] n. 气候

He can’t get used to the hot and humid climate in Florida.

他无法适应佛罗里达炎热潮湿的气候。

1. pull [pʊl] v. 拉

I helped pull him out of the water.

我帮着把他从水里拉了出来。

1. gravity [5grævətɪ] n. 重力

The stone rolled down the mountain by gravity.

这块石头由于重力作用而滚下山。

1. astronomer [ə5strɒnəmə] n. 天文学家

Then one day an astronomer came to the village.

终有一日，村子里来了一个天文学家。

1. oxygen atom氧原子

The oxygen atom has a slight negative charge.

氧原子有轻微的负电荷。

1. carbon dioxide二氧化碳

We have gas cooled reactors which can use supercritical carbon dioxide or helium.

我们有气体冷却反应堆,那能使用超临界二氧化碳或者氦。

1. fundamental [fʌndə5ment(ə)l] adj. 基本的

Our constitution embodies all the fundamental principles of democracy.

我们的宪法体现了民主的所有基本原则。

1. atmosphere [5ætməsfɪə] n. 气氛；大气

The hotel had a lovely relaxed atmosphere.

那家宾馆的气氛轻松愉快。

1. satellite [5sætəlaɪt] n. 卫星

The rocket launched two communications satellites.

火箭发射了两颗通信卫星。

1. cheer up鼓舞；振奋

They need a holiday to cheer them up.

他们需要有一个休假来使他们振作起来。

1. biologist [baɪ5ɒlədʒɪst] n. 生物学家

The biologist brought out specimen box and showed the items one by one.

生物学家拿出标本箱，一件一件地把标本拿出来。

1. puzzle [5pʌz(ə)l] n. 谜；拼图

The meaning of the poem has always been a puzzle.

那首诗的含义始终是个谜。

1. now that既然；由于

Now that the problem is solved, nothing remains to be said.

问题已经解决了，没什么说头儿了。

1. exist [ɪg5zɪst] v. 存在

The world exists, whether you like it or not.

不管你喜欢与否，这个世界照样存在。

1. globe [gləʊb] n. 地球

We export our goods all over the globe.

我们的商品出口到世界各地。

1. multiply [5mʌltɪplaɪ] v. 繁殖；乘

These creatures can multiply quickly.

这些生物能迅速大量繁殖。

1. lay eggs下蛋

The flies lay their eggs on decaying meat.

苍蝇在腐肉上产卵。

1. give birth to产仔

She’s just given birth to a baby girl.

她刚刚生下一个女婴。

1. spaceship [5speɪsʃɪp] n. 宇宙飞船

What do you do after building a spaceship?

当你建造了 一艘宇宙飞船后会干什么？

1. unlike [ʌn5laɪk] prep.不像

This book is quite unlike anything I’ve ever read before.

这本书与我以前读过的书大不一样。

1. thus [ðʌs] conj. 因此

They never change and thus I can trust them.

它们从不改变，因此我可以信任它们。

1. mass [mæs] n. 团；质量

The food had congealed into a sticky mass.

那食物结成了黏糊糊的一团。

1. harmful [5hɑ:mfəl] adj. 有害的

Smoking is harmful to your health.

吸烟有害健康。

1. acid [5æsɪd] n. 酸

The acid has burnt a hole in my jacket.

这种酸把我的上衣烧了一个窟窿。

1. float [fləʊt] v. 漂浮

Dust floats in the air. 灰土飘浮于空中。

1. violent [5vaɪələnt] adj. 暴力的

The film is too violent to be shown to children.

这部影片太暴力，不能给孩子看。

1. chain reaction连锁反应

The powder immediately ignited and set off a chain reaction of explosions.

炸药立即点燃并引发了连环爆炸反应。

1. break out爆发

When did the Gulf War break out?

海湾战争何时爆发的?

1. block out封闭

The wall blocked out all the light.

墙遮住了所有光线。

1. system [5sɪstəm] n. 系统；体制

He tried to explain how the planning system operates.

他试图解释这套规划系统是如何运作的。

1. watch out小心；注意

Watch out! A car is coming. 小心!车过来了。

1. prevent [prɪ5vent] v. 阻止

Further treatment will prevent cancer from developing.

进一步治疗将预防癌症恶化。

1. crash [kræʃ] v.&n.坠毁；撞碎；崩溃

His elder son was killed in a car crash a few years ago.

他大儿子几年前死于一次车祸。

1. in time及时

But he catches the boy, just in time!

但是他接住了那个男孩，非常及时！

15. A Journey across Canada

横穿加拿大的旅行

After a quiz last autumn, Kuang crossed the continent eastward to Toronto to visit his schoolmate, the distance measuring approximately 5,000 kilometers,

His train started from Vancouver, a city surrounded by mountains. After confirming his baggage was aboard the train, Kuang settled down in his seat. Having a gift for communication, he started chatting with another passenger within 5 minutes. Their topics included the Canadian traditions, the Prime Minister, the mixture of races, and the terrifying Great Fall. After a nice buffet at noon, he was pleased to find that the scenery was impressive. He saw beautiful harbours in the distance, wealthy urban areas and maple forest that covered thousands of acres. He even managed to catch sight of an eagle flying upward over bushes.

Kuang reached Toronto which lies slightly near the border at a misty dawn. There was frost and the broad downtown streets were very quiet. Though it was early, Kuang phoned his schoolmate in a booth nearby at once rather than waiting for him to come. They had a good time together.

     去年秋天的一次考试后，光向东横穿整个大陆，来到多伦多探望他的同学，这次旅行的距离测量起来大约有五千多公里。

他的火车从群山围绕的温哥华启程。在证实了自己的行李都在火车上之后，光就在座位上安坐下来。因为在与人交流方面有天赋，他在5分钟内就和另一个乘客聊起天来。他们的话题包括加拿大的传统、加拿大的总理、种族的混合，还有让人心惊胆战的大瀑布。中午吃了一顿美味的自助餐后，他很高兴发现外面的风景非常让人印象深刻。他看见了远处美丽的海港、富裕的市区，还有延绵几千亩的枫树林，他甚至还设法看见了一只在灌木丛上空翱翔的鹰。

光在一个薄雾笼罩的黎明到达稍稍接近边境的多伦多，地上有霜，宽阔的市区街道很安静。尽管还很早，光却不愿等待，立刻就在附近电话亭给同学打了个电话。他们在一起度过了美好的时光。

重点词汇解析

1. quiz [kwɪz] n.考查；课堂测验

We’ll have a quiz at the end of class.

下课前我们将进行一次测试。

1. continent [5kɒntɪnənt] n.大洲

She loved the African continent.

她热爱非洲大陆。

1. eastward [5i:stwəd] adv.向东

A powerful snow storm is moving eastward.

一场猛烈的暴风雪正向东转移。

1. schoolmate [5sku:lmeɪt] n.同学

He started the magazine with a schoolmate.

他和他的一个同学创办了那份杂志。

1. distance [5dɪstəns] n.距离

The distance wouldn’t be a problem.

距离遥远不是问题。

1. measure [5meʒə] v. 测量

Measure the length and width of the gap.

测量一下这个裂口的长度和宽度。

1. approximately [ə5prɒksɪmətlɪ] adv. 大约

Each event lasts approximately three to four hours and includes a meal.

每个会议大约持续三到四个小时并包含一顿饭。

1. surround [sə5raʊnd] v. 围绕

She was surrounded by reporters.

她被记者包围住了。

1. confirm [kən5fɜ:m] v. 确定

You make the reservation, and I’ll confirm it in writing.

你先预定，我再以书面形式确认。

1. baggage [‘bægɪdʒ] n.[U] 行李

What happens if my baggage is lost?

要是我的行李丢失了怎么办？

baggage = luggage

1. abroad [ə5brɔ:d] adv.&n.海外

I would love to go abroad this year, perhaps to the South of France.

我今年想去国外，可能去法国南部。

1. settle down定居；安顿下来

One day I’ll want to settle down and have a family.

总有一天我会想安顿下来，成个家。

1. have a gift for在......上有天赋

Most of the best lawyers and salespeople really have a gift for persuasion.

大多数出色的律师和推销员都有劝说他人的天分。

1. chat [tʃæt] v.&n. 闲谈；聊天

What are you chatting to him about?

你和他聊什么呢?

1. within [wɪð5ɪn] adv.&n. 内部；里面

I’m feeling more relaxed within myself.

我心里觉得更轻松了。

1. topic [5tɒpɪk] n. 话题

The wedding has been the only topic of conversation for weeks.

婚礼成了几个星期来唯一的话题。

1. Canadian [kə5neɪdɪən] n. 加拿大人;

adj.加拿大的

One of my teachers is Canadian.

我的老师中有一位是加拿大人。

1. tradition [trə5dɪʃ(ə)n] n. 传统

He followed the family tradition and became a doctor.

他继承家族传统，当了医生。

1. Prime Minister首相；总理

I know the Prime Minister well, so I trust his judgment.

我对贵国首相十分了解，所以我相信他的判断力。

1. mixture [5mɪkstʃə] n. 混合；混合物

Pour the mixture into the cake pan and bake for 50 minutes.

把混合料倒入蛋糕烤盘,然后烘烤50分钟。

1. terrify [5terɪfaɪ] v. 恐吓

Flying terrifies him. 坐飞机让他非常害怕。

把名词terror（恐怖）or改为ify。

1. buffet [5bʊfeɪ] n. 自助餐

This morning I went to a restaurant famous for its brunch buffet.

今天早上我去了一个以自助早午餐而闻名的餐厅。

1. pleased [pli:zd] adj. 高兴的；满意的

Mom was pleased with the results.

妈妈对结果很满意。

1. scenery [5si:nəri] n. 风景

You can appreciate the beautiful scenery during the journey.

沿途你可以欣赏到美景。

1. impressive [ɪm5presɪv] adj. 令人敬佩的；令人印象深刻的

It is an impressive achievement.

这是一项令人敬佩的成就。

1. harbour [5ha:bə] n. 海港

The colossal monument bestrode the harbour.

巨大的纪念碑高耸于海港上。

1. in the distance在远处

From his window, a church could be seen in the distance.

从他的窗户望去，可以看到在远处的一座教堂。

1. wealthy [5welθɪ] adj. 富有的

The best education should not be available only to the wealthy.

不应该只有富人才能得到最好的教育。

1. urban [5ɜ:bən] adj. 城市的

 Most urban areas are close to a park.

大多数城区都靠近公园。

1. maple [5meɪp(ə)l] n. 枫树

She noticed the trees: maple, birch, ash.

她看到了树，有枫树，桦树，岑树。

1. acre [5eɪkə] n. 土地；英亩

They own 200 acres of farmland.

他们拥有200英亩农田。

1. manage [5mænɪdʒ] v. 管理；设法

How do you manage to stay so slim?

你是如何把身材保持得这么苗条的？

1. catch sight of看见

Keep looking up, and you may catch sight of some unexpected creatures.

继续观察下去，说不定会看到意想不到的动物。

1. eagle [5i:gəl] n. 老鹰

Eagle fell off the edge of the ground crack.

鹰从地面的裂缝边上掉了下去。

1. upward [5ʌpwəd] adv. 向上

“There,” said Jack, pointing upwards.

 “那儿，”杰克往上指着说。

1. bush [bʊʃ] n. 灌木

Trees and bushes grew down to the water’s edge.

树和灌木丛一直向下长到了水边。

1. slightly [5slaɪtlɪ] adv. 轻微地

Each person learns in a slightly different way.

每个人学习的方式都略有不同。

1. border [5bɔ:də] n. 边境

He helped them to get across the border.

他帮助他们越过边境。

1. misty [5mɪstɪ] adj. 模糊的；有雾的

Without my glasses everything is just a misty blur.

我如果不戴眼镜，看什么都是模模糊糊的。

1. dawn [dɔ:n] n. 黎明

The boats set off at dawn. 天一亮船队就出发了。

1. frost [frɒst] n. 霜

There is frost on the ground and snow is forecast.

地上有霜，预报有雪。

1. broad [brɔ:d] adj. 宽阔的；广阔的

Students here study a broad range of subjects.

这里的学生所学的科目范围很广。

1. downtown [‚daʊn5taʊn] adj. 市中心的

She works for a law firm in downtown Miami.

她为迈阿密市中心的一家法律事务所工作。

1. booth [bu:ð] n. 电话亭

I called her from a public phone booth.

我在一个公用电话亭给她打了电话。

1. nearby [5nɪəbaɪ] adj. 附近的; adv. 附近

At a nearby table a man was complaining in a loud voice.

附近的一张餐桌旁一个男子在高声抱怨着。

1. rather than而不是

He decided to quit rather than accept the new rules.

他决定辞职而不接受新规定。

16.A Woman Doctor-Lina女医生丽娜

Born in a pigs’ nest, Lina led a poor life in her childhood. She was looked down upon by the children of her generation. But she intended to become a doctor after she came across Lin Qiaozhi by chance, who was delivering medical courses to an audience crowding around her. Before moving off, Lin inspired her to carry on her study. With Lin’s support, Lina entered an institute and studied hard sparing no time for entertainment. Her being outspoken and modest won respect for her. Her excellent arguing skills and observation ability put others into the shade.

Now, Lina has become a specialist in human beings’ emergency sickness. Her kindness and considerate behavior to the poor were well known. The organization she founded carried out campaigns and welfare projects to help cut the death rate for the poor. Her job was hard but worthwhile. She often refers to the connection between her achievement and Lin Qiaozhi, and says that her poor childhood is the bond between her and the poor.

丽娜出生在猪圈里，童年过着贫穷的生活，被和她同辈的孩子看不起。但是在她偶然遇见了林巧芝之后却打定注意想要成为一名医生，当时林巧芝正在给拥挤在她身边的观众传授医疗课程，在离开之前，林巧芝鼓舞她继续坚持学习。在林的支持下，丽娜进入了一所学院。她努力学习，毫不浪费时间玩闹娱乐。她的坦诚和谦虚为她赢得了尊敬，她优秀的辩论技巧和观察能力使其他的人都黯然失色。

现在，丽娜已经成为一名人类紧急病症专家。她对穷人的好心和考虑周到的一举一动都众所周知，她建立的组织开展各种活动和福利项目来为穷人减少死亡率。她的工作艰苦却很值得。她常常提到她的成就和林巧芝之间的联系，还总是说她贫穷的童年就是她与穷人之间的纽带。

重点词汇解析

1. nest [nest] n. 巢

I can see an eagle’s nest on the rocks.

我能看到岩石上的一个鹰巢。

1. lead a ... life：过着.......的生活

The operation should enable Bobby to lead a normal life.

这次手术应该能让Bobby过上正常的生活。

1. childhood [5tʃaɪldhʊd] n. 童年

She had a happy childhood.

她有过一个快乐的童年。

1. look down upon看不起

You shouldn’t look down upon him because he is poor.

你不应该因为一个人穷就看不起他。

1. generation [‚dʒenə5reɪʃən] n. 一代

Some families have lived here for generations.

有些人家祖祖辈辈都住在这里。

1. intend [ɪn’tend] v. 打算

What are you intend to do? 你打算做什么？

1. come across遇到

When you come across something important,write it down.

当你遇到重要的事情时,把它记下来。

1. by chance意外地；偶然

Talked to a stranger you meet by chance in the wood.

对一个你在树林中偶然遇到的陌生人说话。

1. deliver [dɪ5lɪvə] v. 传送；投递

It is impossible to deliver this letter because the address is illegible.

由于地址字迹不清，致使信件无法投递。

1. audience [5ɔ:diəns] n. 观众

The audience reacted readily to his speech.

听众对他的演说立即作出反应。

1. crowd [kraʊd] n. 人群

A huge crowd gathered in a square.

一大群人聚集在了广场上。

1. move off离开

When we got to the station, the train had moved off.

我们到达车站时，火车已经开走了。

1. inspire [ɪn5spaɪə] v. 激发；鼓舞

His speech inspired the soldiers.

他的演说使士兵们大受鼓舞。

1. carry on继续

The assistant carried on talking.

那个助理接着谈了下去。

1. support [sə5pɔ:t] v.&n. 支持；支撑物

The president gave his full support to the reforms.

该总统对改革予以了全力的支持。

1. institute [5ɪnstɪtju:t] n. 学院

There is a middle school attached to the institute.

这个学院附设一所中学。

1. entertainment [ˌentə5teɪnmənt] n. 娱乐

They are not satisfied with their current knowledge and entertainment.

他们并不满足于现有的知识和娱乐。

1. outspoken [aʊt5spəʊkən] adj. 坦率的

Since you’re my good friend, I will be outspoken.

既然你是我的好朋友，我将直言不讳。

1. modest [5mɒdɪst] adj. 谦虚的

This headmaster is very modest.

这位校长很谦虚。

1. respect [rɪ5spekt] v. 尊敬；尊重

All students should respect their teachers.

凡是学生就应当尊敬老师。

1. argue [5ɑ:gju:] v. 争论；辩论

They were arguing about how to spend the money.

他们在为这笔钱怎么花而争吵。

1. observation [‚ɒbzə5veɪʃən] n. 观察

She has good powers of observation.

她有很强的观察力。

1. put... into the shade使......黯然失色

They’re planning a festival that will put all the others into the shade.

他们正在筹办一个要令所有其他类似活动都黯然失色的节庆活动。

1. specialist [5speʃəlɪst] n. 专家

The peasants looked on him as a specialist.

农民们把他看做专家。

1. human beings人类

In the future, robots will supersede human beings for very heavy work.

今后，机器人必将取代人类的繁重劳动。

1. emergency [ɪ5mɜ:dʒənsi] adj. 紧急的;

n. 紧急情况

He deals with emergencies promptly.

他迅速地应对突发事件。

1. sickness [5sɪknɪs] n. 疾病

An outbreak of cholera in Haiti continues to spread sickness and worry.

海地霍乱爆发仍在继续传播疾病和忧虑。

1. kindness [5kaɪndnɪs] n. 仁慈；好意

We have been treated with such kindness by everybody.

我们受到了大家如此亲切的对待。

1. considerate [kən5sɪdərɪt] adj. 体贴的；考虑周到的

I think he’s the most charming, most considerate man I’ve ever known.

我觉得他是我所认识的最有魅力、最体贴的男士。

1. behavior [bɪ5heɪvjə] n. 行为；举止

We should not reward bad behavior.

我们不应当奖励坏的行为。

1. organization [‚ɔ:ɡənaɪ5zeɪʃən] n. 组织；机构

Greenpeace is an international organization that protects the environment.

“绿色和平”是一个国际性环保组织。

1. campaign [kæm5peɪn] 战役；活动n.

They have launched a campaign to end world poverty.

他们发起了一场旨在结束世界贫困的运动。

1. welfare [5welfeə] n. 福利

Besides the salary, what welfare attracts you mostly?

除了工资，还有什么福利最吸引你？

1. project [5prɒdʒekt] n. 工程；项目

We spent over five years on this project.

这项工程我们花了五年多时间。

1. rate [reit] n. 率；比率

It’s a new technique and the failure rate is quite high.

这是一项新技术，失败率很高。

1. worthwhile [wɜ:θ5waɪl] adj. 值得做的

He wanted to do a worthwhile job.

他想做有意义的工作。

1. refer to参考；提到

He never referred to his sisters in his letters.

他在信里从未提到过他的姊妹。

1. connection [kə5nekʃən] n. 联系；连接

I felt a strong connection between us.

我感觉到了我们之间的强烈关系。

1. achievement [ə5tʃi:vmənt] n. 成就；完成

It is only the achievement of these goals that will finally bring lasting peace.

只有这些目标的实现才会最终带来持久的和平。

1. bond [bɒnd] n. 纽带

The experience created a very special bond between us.

这段经历构成了我们之间一条非常特殊的纽带。

17. A New Farming Way 新的耕种方式

Tuan was a farmer in Vietnam. For decades, he had been struggling to rid his family of hunger. However, it always confused him how to expand the output of his crops. This disturbing problem led to his regretting being a farmer. He would rather have chosen another job.

One day, when skimming through a newspaper, Tuan read a comment on Yuan Longpin. He underlined Yuan’s nationality and occupation, and then focused on his discovery and the statistics of his research. He found the knowledge Yuan circulated very practical. Therefore, he made a summary and began to build up a new farming method. He planted super grain of rich nutrition and equipped himself to keep his crops roots free from bacteria and pests. He also enriched minerals in the soil while reducing chemical fertilizers. Though it cost him more time and freedom, he was full of hope.

The next year, Tuan was sunburnt but satisfied with his production very much. Thanks to Yuan Longpin, he not only won the battle against hunger, but he could also export his crops abroad.

     俊是一名越南的农民，几十年来，他都一直在努力使家人摆脱饥饿。然而，如何扩大他的农作物产量这一问题却一直在困扰着他。这个恼人的问题导致了他后悔当一名农民，而宁愿自己当初选择其它的工作。

一天，俊在浏览报纸的时候，读到一篇关于袁隆平的评论。他在袁的国籍和职业下面划了线，然后将焦点集中在他的发现和研究数据上。他发现袁传播的知识非常实用，因此，他做了摘要，并开始建立一种新的耕作方式。他种植营养丰富的超级谷物，添置设备以使作物的根部免受细菌害虫的伤害；他还增加土壤所含的矿物质，同时减少化学肥料的使用。尽管耗费了他更多的时间和自由，他却充满着希望。

第二年，俊被晒黑了，但是却对自己的生产非常满意。多亏了袁隆平，他不仅赢得了对抗饥饿的战斗，而且还将自己的作物出口到国外呢。

重点词汇解析

1. Vietnam [ˌvjet5næm] n. 越南

In 1984 an unknown serviceman from the Vietnam War was placed beside them.

1984年，一位越南战争中的无名军人也被安葬在这里。

1. decade [5dekeɪd] 十年n.

We have entered the second decade of the 21st century.

我们已经进入了21世纪的第二个十年。

1. struggle [5strʌgəl] v.&n. 奋斗；竞争

Millions of people are struggling for survival.

千千万万的人在挣扎求生。

1. rid [rɪd] v. 使摆脱；去除

You must rid yourself of this gloomy mood.

你必须使自己摆脱这种闷闷不乐的忧郁情绪。

1. hunger [5hʌŋgə] n. 饥饿；v. 渴望

Hunger is the best sauce. 饥者口中尽佳肴。

1. confuse [kən5fju:z] v. 使混乱，使困惑

You have confused the meanings of the two words.

你把这两个词的意思弄混了。

1. expand [ɪk5spænd] v. 扩张；扩大

They hope to expand their company.

他们希望扩大公司的规模。

1. output [5aʊtpʊt] v.&n. 输出

Output is going up every day. 产量日增。

1. crop [krɒp] n. 庄稼；v. 种植

Rice farmers here still plant and harvest their crops by hand.

这里的稻农仍然用手工种植和收割庄稼。

1. disturb [dɪ5stɜ:b] v. 打扰

Please do not disturb us when we are working.

工作的时候请不要打扰我们。

1. lead to导致

Heart failure led to her father’s death.

心力衰竭导致她父亲的死亡。

1. regret [rɪ5gret] v.&n. 遗憾；后悔

Do as I tell you,or you’ll regret it later on.

照我的话去做，否则你以后会后悔的。

1. would rather宁可；宁愿

I would rather have noodles than rice.

我宁愿吃面条也不吃米饭。

1. skim [skɪm] v. 略读

When I read magazines, I skim and skip.

读杂志的时候，我略读和跳读。

1. comment [5kɒment] n. 评论

Does anyone have any comments?

各位有何评论？

1. underline [ʌndə5laɪn] v. 强调

In his speech he underlined several points.

在他讲话中他强调了几点。

1. nationality [ˌnæʃə5nælətɪ] n. 国籍

He has British nationality. 他拥有英国国籍。

1. occupation [‚ɒkjʊ5peɪʃən] n. 职业; 占有;消遣

Parachuting is a dangerous occupation.

跳伞是一种危险的消遣。

1. focus on集中

He needs to focus more on his career.

他需要更加关注自己的事业。

1. discovery [dɪs5kʌvəri] n. 发现

New discoveries are being made all the time.

时时刻刻都有新发现。

1. statistic [stə5tɪstɪk] adj. 统计的; n. 统计数据

Official statistics show real wages declining by 24%.

官方统计数据表明实际工资水平下降了24％。

1. circulate [5sɜ:kjʊleɪt] v. 传播；循环

Traffic circulates in the streets of a city.

车辆和行人在市内街上川流不息。

1. therefore [5ðeəfɔ:] adv. 因此

Muscle cells need lots of fuel and therefore burn lots of calories.

肌肉细胞需要很多“燃料”，并因此燃烧大量卡路里。

1. summary [5sʌməri] adj. 简要的；n. 概要

A brief summary is given on a separate sheet.

摘要另写一页。

1. build up增进；建立

She built up my confidence.

她树立了我的信心。

1. super grain超级水稻

He planted super grain on his farm.

他在农场里种植超级水稻。

1. nutrition [nju: 5trɪʃən] n. 营养

Poor nutrition can cause heart disease in later life.

营养不良可能会在晚年引发心脏病。

1. equip [ɪ5kwɪp] v. 装备

They can’t afford to equip their army.

他们无力装备自己的军队。

1. root [ru:t] n. 根；根源; v. 生根

We got to the root of the problem.

我们触及了这个问题的根源。

1. bacteria [bæk5tɪərɪə] n. 细菌

Is it possible to multiply bacteria in the laboratory?

有可能在实验室繁殖细菌吗?

1. pest [pest] n. 害虫

They also provide pest control, catering and even child care.

他们还提供病虫害防治、餐饮、甚至儿童护理。

1. mineral [5mɪnərəl] n. 矿物质

Its rays could go through every mineral except lead.

它的射线可以穿透除铅以外的所有其它矿物质。

1. soil [sɔɪl] n. 土壤

They turned the soil after the harvest.

他们在收获后翻耕土壤。

1. reduce [rɪ5dju:s] v. 减少

They have to reduce expenses this year.

他们今年必须削减开支。

1. chemical [5kemɪkəl] adj. 化学的

Some kinds of acids react on metals to cause chemical changes.

有几种酸对金属起作用，会引起化学变化。

1. fertilizer [5fɜ:tɪlaɪzə] n. 肥料

Farmers say they need less rainwater if they use fertilizer trees.

农民们说，如果它们使用肥料树，就只需要很少的雨水。

1. freedom [5fri:dəm] n. 自由

Riding a motorbike gives me a feeling of total freedom.

骑摩托车给我一种自由无羁的感觉。

1. sunburn [5sʌnbɜ:n] v. 晒伤

Sunburn is still possible in the winter because the snow reflects the sun’s rays.

冬天里仍然可能会有晒伤，因为雪会反射太阳辐射。

1. be satisfied with 对.....感到满意

We are not satisfied with these results.

我们对这些结果不满意。

1. production [prə5dʌkʃən] n. 生产；产品

We lead in the coal production.

我们在煤炭生产方面居先。

1. thanks to由于；幸亏

We’ve reached our goal of 50,000, thanks to the generosity of the public.

我们完成了募集50,000美元的目标，这要归功于公众的慷慨大方。

1. battle [5bætl] n. 战役；斗争

The police are fighting a tough battle against crime.

警方正在和犯罪活动进行艰苦的斗争。

1. export [5ekspɔ:t] v.&n. 输出；出口

Most of its export trade is with Russia.

其出口贸易多与俄罗斯进行。

18. Chaplin - A Great Master of Humour

幽默大师卓别林

Chaplin was an extraordinary performer who starred in and directed many outstanding comedies. Few were bored watching his moustache, his gestures or his entertaining reactions when chased by detectives. Being drunk, sliding on a banana skin or whispering his own failures to nobody, he made us feel more content with our life without any verbal explanation. His particular sense of humor has astonished everybody throughout the world up to now.

In a small budget film, he played a badly-off and homeless person wearing worn-out shoes and messy clothes. On one occasion, he was trapped by a snowstorm in a vast mountainous area. Though he overcame many difficulties, he wasn’t fortunate enough. With all the porridge eaten up, he picked out a shoe and boiled it to eat. He cut off the leather bottom and chewed it like a pancake. According to an actress, his acting was so convincing and amusing that everybody couldn’t help bursting into laughter.

卓别林是一名非凡的演员，他主演并导演了多部杰出的喜剧。看见他可笑的小胡子、滑稽的手势动作，还有面对警探的追捕时有趣的反应，很少有人会觉得厌烦。喝醉酒啦，踩到香蕉皮滑倒啦，或者自言自语（低语）自己的糗事啦，他无需任何语言解释的表演总是使我们对自己的生活感到更加满意。他独特的幽默感直到现在依然使世界各地的人们都感到惊讶。

在一部小预算的电影里，他穿着磨破的鞋子和脏兮兮的衣服，扮演了一名贫穷又无家可归的人。在一幕场景中，他被一场暴风雪困在一片多山的区里。尽管他克服了许多困难，但是他还是运气不好的。粥都吃完了，他只好挑出一只鞋子煮来吃。他切下皮革的鞋底，像烙饼一样地咀嚼起来。据一名女演员所说，他的表演是如此地令人信服而又逗人发笑的，以致在场的所有人都忍不住大笑起来。

重点词汇解析

1. extraordinary [ɪk5strɔ:dnrɪ] adj. 特别的；非凡的；离奇的

What an extraordinary thing to happen!

发生了多么非同寻常的事啊！

1. performer n. 表演者；执行者

A performer plays classical selections on the violin.

一位表演者用小提琴演奏古典音乐选段。

1. star in主演

He starred in that film. 他主演了那部电影。

1. direct [dəˈrekt] adj. 直接的；v. 导演

He directed three movies. 他导演了三部影片。

1. outstanding [aʊt5stændɪŋ] adj. 杰出的

I was happy to accept because this was an outstanding department.

我很高兴的接受了，因为这是一个著名院系。

1. comedy [5kɒmɪdɪ] n. 喜剧

The movie is a romantic comedy.

这部电影是一个浪漫喜剧。

1. bored [bɔ:d] adj. 无聊的；厌倦的

Are you bored with your present job?

你对现在的工作厌倦了？

1. moustache [mə5sta:ʃ] n. 小胡子

The thick beard had gone, replaced by a bushy moustache.

浓密的络腮胡子不见了，换成了一撇密匝匝的小胡子。

1. gesture [5dʒestʃə] n. 手势

She shook her head with a gesture of impatience.

她不耐烦地摇了摇头。

ges（词根“指”）加上ture（名词后缀），用手指做手势。

1. entertain [entə5teɪn] v. 娱乐

A television program that educates can also entertain.

旨在进行教育的电视节目也能提供娱乐。

1. reaction [ri5ækʃən] n. 反应

His first reaction was to laugh.

他的第一反应是大笑。

1. detective [dɪ5tektɪv] n. 侦探

I like to read detective stories.

我喜欢读侦探小说。

1. drunk [drʌŋk] adj. 喝醉了的

I got drunk and had to be carried home.

我喝醉了，只得被搀扶回家。

1. slide [slaɪd] v. 滑

The glasses slid off the table onto the floor.

玻璃杯子全都从桌上滑落到了地板上。

1. whisper [5wɪspə] v.&n.私语

The girl came in and whispered something in the teacher’s ear.

那个女孩进来对老师耳语了几句。

1. failure [5feɪljə] n. 失败

The marriage was a failure and they both wanted to be free of it.

这段婚姻是个失败，他们俩都想从中解放出来。

1. feel content with 对.....感到满意

Is it easy for you to feel content with yourself and the world around you?

你很容易对自己和周围的世界满足吗？

1. verbal [5vɜ:bəl] adj. 口头的

They were jostled and subjected to a torrent of verbal abuse.

他们被推来搡去，并受到了潮水般的辱骂。

1. particular [pə5tɪkjʊlə] adj. 特别的

Why should he notice her car in particular?

他为什么要特别注意她的轿车呢？

把particle（颗粒）的le改为ular。

1. humor [5hju:mə] n. 幽默

Your coworkers may not appreciate your sense of humor.

你的同事们可能并不欣赏你的幽默。

1. astonish [ə5stɒnɪʃ] v. 使惊讶

It astonished her that he was able to survive.

他竟然活了下来，使她大为惊讶。

1. throughout [θru: 5aʊt] prep. 贯穿；遍及

He searched throughout the room.

他搜遍了整个屋子。

1. up to now到目前为止

I have heard nothing from him up to now.

到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。

1. budget [5bʌdʒɪt] n. 预算

The project was completed within budget.

这一项目在预算内完成。

1. badly-off adj. 穷困的

He’s not badly-off, because he still can afford the new clothes.

他还不穷，因为他还买得起新衣服。

1. homeless [5həʊmlɪs] adj. 无家可归的

If they force me out, I’ll be homeless.

如果他们把我赶出去，我就无家可归。

1. worn-out adj. 磨旧的

You need to replace worn-out tyres.

你需要更换废旧轮胎。

1. messy [5mesɪ] adj. 凌乱的

What a messy room it is! 这房间多凌乱！

1. occasion [ə5keɪʒən] n. 机会；场合

He wore the suit on formal occasions.

这套装他在正式场合才穿。

1. snowstorm [5snəʊstɔ:m] n. 暴风雪

In the severe winter, another snowstorm attacked the whole world.

寒冬，又一场暴风雪侵袭了整个世界。

1. mountainous [5maʊntɪnəs] adj. 多山的

South Korea is a mountainous country.

南韩是一个多山的国家。

1. overcome [əʊvə5kʌm] v. 克服

Molly had fought and overcome her fear of flying.

莫莉经过努力克服了对飞行的恐惧。

1. fortunate [5fɔ:tʃənət] adj. 幸运的

He was extremely fortunate to survive.

她极为幸运地活了下来。

1. porridge [5pɒrɪdʒ] n. 粥

I prefer porridge to rice.比起米饭，我更喜欢粥。

1. pick out挑选出

I have picked out the bad tomatoes from the basket.

我把篮子里的坏西红柿拣出来。

1. cut off切断

Our water supply has been cut off again.

我们的供水又被切断。

1. leather [5leðə] n. 皮革

He wore a leather jacket and dark trousers.

他穿着皮夹克和黑裤子。

1. chew [tʃu:] v. 咀嚼

Be certain to eat slowly and chew your food extremely well.

一定要慢慢吃，特别细地咀嚼食物。

1. pancake [5pænkeɪk] n. 薄饼

The classic example is tossing a pancake so it flips over in mid-air.

最经典的例子是摊薄饼的时候，颠勺时薄饼就会飞到半空中。

1. actress [5æktrɪs] n. 女演员

She wants to be an actress.

她想成为一个女演员。

1. convincing [kən5vɪnsɪŋ] adj. 令人信服的

They can’t express or explain what work they have done in a convincing manner.

他们不能用一种令人信服的方式来表达或解释出他们所做的工作是什么。

1. amusing [ə5mju:zɪŋ] adj. 好笑的

The book is full of amusing stories about his childhood.

这本书里全是一些他童年的趣事。

1. can’t help忍不住

I can not help beating him.

我控制不住打了他一顿。

19. A Misunderstanding 一场误会

In general, spoken statements are the major way of communication, but body language and facial expressions also have such kinds of function. For example, yawning means being not interested and turning one’s back to someone or swinging your fist shows your anger. But what those gestures really mean is subjective in different cultures. Thus, misunderstandings happen now and then in today’s world of cultural crossroads.

Once, representing the Adults’ Education Association, I went to the airport to meet an official of high rank from Columbia and take him to his dormitory and then to the canteen. After the flight arrived, I saw a man looking around curiously. So I approached to greet him. He suddenly dashed to hug me and kissed me on both cheeks. As a young girl, I felt truly embarrassed and put up my hands to defend myself. His false smile told me that he had lost face.

Later, I received a cassette from him, in which he recorded his apology. On hearing that Columbians were more likely to kiss others, I soon felt at ease.

通常说来，口头表达是人们交流的主要方法，但是肢体语言和面部表情也有这种功能。例如，打哈欠意味着不感兴趣，背对别人或向其挥舞拳头表达的是愤怒。但是在不同的文化中那些手势表达的真正意思是很主观的。由此，误会就时不时地发生在今天这个文化交叉碰撞的世界里。

有一回，我代表成人教育协会到机场去接一位从哥伦比亚来的高级官员，我得带他到宿舍和食堂。当他的航班到达时，我看见一名男子好奇地东张西望，于是走上前去和他打招呼。他突然猛冲过来拥抱我，还亲了我的脸颊。还是个年轻姑娘的我感到真尴尬，不由自主举起手来保护自己。他的假笑告诉我他感到丢了面子。

后来，我收到他送来的一盒磁带，里面录了他的道歉。当听到这只是因为哥伦比亚人更倾向于见面时互相亲吻时，我很快就感到轻松安心了。

重点词汇解析

1. in general 总之；通常

In general, about 10% of the candidates are eventually offered positions.

一般说来，大约10%的申请者最终能获得职位。

1. spoken statement口头表达

The minister will make a spoken statement on the matter tomorrow.

明天部长将就此事发表口头声明。

1. major [‘meɪdʒə] adj. 主要的；n. 专业；v. 主修

English majors would be asked to explore the roots of language.

英语专业的学生会被要求探究语言的根源。

1. facial [5feɪʃ(ə)l] adj. 面部的；n. 美容

Cross didn’t answer; his facial expression didn’t change.

克罗斯没有回答；他的面部表情没有改变。

1. function [5fʌŋkʃən] n. 功能

The function of the ear is to listen.

耳的功能是听。

1. yawn [jɔ:n] n. 哈欠; v. 打哈欠

She yawned during his lecture.

她在他的课上不停地打呵欠。

1. turn one’s back to背对

He turned his back to me when I said to him.

我跟他说话时他背向着我。

1. fist [fɪst] n. 拳头

I struck him with my fist. 我用拳头揍他。

1. anger [‘æŋgə] n. 愤怒

My aunt was shaking with anger as she left the room.

我阿姨离开房间时气得浑身发抖。

1. subjective [səb5dʒektɪv] adj. 主观的

We know that taste in art is a subjective matter.

我们知道艺术品味是个主观问题。

1. misunderstand [,mɪsʌndə5stænd] v. 误解；误会

They pretended to misunderstand me.

他们假装听错了我的话。

1. crossroad [5krɔ:s,rəʊd] n. 十字路口

A crowd soon collected at the crossroad to see what had happened.

十字路口上很快就聚集了一群人，都想看看出了什么事。

1. represent [reprɪ5zent] v. 代表

This mark represents a village.

这个符号表示村庄。

1. adult [5ædʌlt] n. 成年人；adj. 成年的

I’ve lived most of my adult life in Arizona.

我已在亚利桑那州度过了我大部分的成年生活。

1. association [əsəʊsɪ5eɪʃn] n. 协会；联盟

He’s a member of the National Basketball Association.

他是全国篮球协会的一员。

1. rank [ræŋk] n. 等级；队列

He eventually rose to the rank of captain.

他最终升到了船长的职位。

1. Columbia [kə’lʌmbɪə] n. 哥伦比亚

I work at the University of British Columbia.

我在不列颠哥伦比亚大学工作。

1. dormitory [5dɔ:mɪtrɪ] n. 宿舍

She lived in a college dormitory.

她住在一幢大学宿舍楼里。

1. canteen [kæn5ti:n] n. 食堂

To our satisfaction, the canteen supplies us with various kinds of food.

令我们满意的是，食堂提供很多种类的食物。

1. flight [flaɪt] n. 飞行；航班

The flight will take four hours.

此次飞行将需要四个小时。

1. curiously [5kjʊərɪəslɪ] adv. 好奇地

The little boy watched curiously as his mum opened the box.

那个小男孩好奇地看着他妈妈打开盒子。

1. approach [ə5prəʊtʃ] n. 方法; v. 接近

A storm is approaching. 暴风雨即将来临。

1. greet [gri:t] v. 欢迎；问候

She greeted him with a smile.

她用微笑向他致意。

1. dash [dæʃ] v. 猛冲

Suddenly she dashed down to the cellar.

她猛地朝地窖冲过去。

1. hug [hʌg] v. 拥抱

They warmly hugged me to show their welcomes.

他们热烈地拥抱我，以表达他们对我的欢迎。

1. cheek [tʃi:k] n. 脸颊

Tears were running down her cheeks.

眼泪顺着她面颊流下。

1. truly [5tru:lɪ] adv. 真实地

You can only do so if you truly believe it.

只有你真正相信这一点时你才能做到。

1. defend [dɪ5fend] v. 保卫；辩解

A family must defend its home against attack.

一个家庭必须保护其不受袭击。

1. false [fɔ:ls] adj. 错误的

You do not know whether what you’re told is true or false.

你不知道别人告诉你的是真的还是假的。

1. lose face丢脸

If they don’t want to lose face, the gifts should not be too cheap.

假如自己不想丢脸，那送出的礼物份量可不能太轻。

1. cassette [kə5set] n. 盒式磁带

I think I’ve broken your cassette recorder.

我想我已弄坏了你的盒式磁带录音机了。

1. be likely to倾向于

The blockade is likely to last for some time.

封锁可能要持续一段时间。

1. at ease自由自在；舒适

He always feels rather ill at ease before strangers.

他在陌生人面前总有些不自在。

20. A Unique Theme Park

独一无二的主题公园

As soon as our shuttle got close to the theme park by the freeway, everyone came to life and put on cloth sneakers in advance for an outing. Our translator paid for the admission, and we started enjoying the various attractions in the sunlight.

According to the travel brochure, this unique park is famous for its well preserved minority culture. We experienced many deeds of the early settlers, such as swinging across rivers, hunting creatures in the jungle, or taking part in swords fighting tournaments.

This park is also famous for its wooden souvenirs. Whichever we bought in the central shop was made of wood, and wherever we went we could see minority carpenters working. They made wooden tools, wooden cartoon figures, wooden athletic products and so on. They even built a huge wooden engine with a length of 20 metres, which was modeled after a real one.

This theme park is really a fantasy amusement park. No wonder it has become the brand of local tourism.

    我们走高速公路的来往穿梭巴士一接近主题公园，大家都活跃了起来，并且提前穿上了布鞋，做好这趟外出旅游的准备。翻译付了入场费后，我们就开始在阳光下欣赏各种各样吸引人的东西。

根据旅行手册的介绍，这个独一无二的公园因其得到良好保护的少数名族文化而闻名。我们体验了许多早期定居者所做的事，如荡过河啦，在丛林中猎杀动物啦，或者参加剑术比赛啦等等。

这个公园还因为它的木制纪念品而闻名，我们在中心商场购买的任何一件物品，都是用木头制作的，无论我们走到哪里，都可以看见少数名族的木匠们在忙碌。他们制作的有木制工具、木制的卡通人物、木制的运动用的产品，等等等等。他们甚至还根据一台真实发动机仿造了一台长度有20米的木制发动机。

这个主题公园真是个充满幻想的娱乐公园，怪不得它成为当地旅游业的一个品牌。

重点词汇解析

1. shuttle [5ʃʌtl] n. 穿梭巴士；航班

There is a free 24-hour shuttle between the airport terminals.

在机场的各航空站之间有24小时的免费穿梭巴士。

1. get close to接近

It takes a whole day to get close to the island.

要想接近岛屿需要走一整天。

1. theme [θi:m] n. 主题

The theme of the conference is renaissance Europe.

该会议的主题是文艺复兴时期的欧洲。

1. freeway [5fri:weɪ] n. 高速公路

The new freeway will pass over the lake.

新的高速公路将越过湖面。

1. come to life苏醒；表现生动

We would watch the woods come to life around us.

我们会观察森林在我们身边变得充满生机。

1. cloth sneakers布鞋

I bought mum a pair of cloth sneakers.

我给妈妈买了一双布鞋。

1. in advance预先

You can join the family for a meal as well – just book in advance for supper.

你也可以参加本地家庭的用餐，不过要提前预定，而且只有晚餐。

1. outing [5aʊtɪŋ] n. 远足；短途旅行

We will put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be so busy.

我们把郊游推迟到下星期，那时我们就不会这儿忙了。

1. translator [træns5leɪtə] n. 翻译员

How did you start working as a translator?

你如何开始作为一名译者的工作？

1. admission [əd5mɪʃən] n. 承认

Students apply for admission to a particular college.

学生们申请某学院的入学许可。

1. various [5veərɪəs] adj. 各种各样的

He decided to leave school for various reasons.

出于种种原因，他决定辍学。

1. attraction [ə5trækʃən] n. 吸引力

The fame of the latter makes it a significant attraction for visitors.

后者的光环使得它成为吸引游客的重要作品。

1. sunlight [5sʌnlaɪt] n. 阳光

The garden looked lovely in the evening sunlight.

暮色下的花园显得十分秀丽。

1. brochure [5brəʊʃə] n.小册子n.

We hope the enclosed brochure will be helpful to you.

我们希望附寄的小册子对您有所帮助。

1. unique [ju:5ni:k] adj. 独特的

Each person’s fingerprints are unique.

每个人的指纹都是独一无二的。

1. be famous for因.....而著名

This city is famous for its seafood.

这座城市因海鲜而著名。

1. preserve [prɪ5zɜ:v] n. 保护区; v. 保护

We will do everything to preserve peace.

我们将竭尽全力维护和平。

1. minority [maɪ5nɒrɪtɪ] n. 少数民族;adj.少数的

Only a minority of people support these new laws.

只有少数人支持这些新法令。

1. deed [di:d] n. 行为

He is all talk and no deed. 他光说空话，没有行动。

1. settler [5setlə] n. 定居者；移民者n.

The Chief and his tribe helped the settler’s build shelters for the winter.

酋长和他的部落帮助这些移民建屋造舍，以度过寒冷的冬天。

1. swing [swɪŋ] v. 摇摆; n. 秋千

The sail of the little boat swung crazily from one side to the other.

这艘小船的船帆发疯似地左右摇晃着。

1. creature [5kri:tʃə] n. 生物；创造物

This creature has a long flat tail and swims close to the surface of the water.

这种动物有一个长而扁平的尾巴，并会在靠近水面的地方游动。

1. jungle [5dʒʌŋgəl] n. 丛林

We went deep into the jungle. 我们走进丛林深处。

1. sword [sɔ:d] n. 剑

She drew her sword against him. 她拔剑指向他。

1. tournament [5tɔ:nəmənt] n. 联赛；锦标赛

I feel I can win this tournament.

我觉得我能打赢这次锦标赛。

1. souvenir [,su:və5nɪə] n. 纪念品

I went to a souvenir shop to buy some gifts for my friends.

我去纪念品店买些礼物给朋友。

1. whichever [wɪtʃ5evə] pron.&adv. 无论哪个

Whichever way you look at it, things are pretty bad.

不管你怎么看，情况都相当糟。

1. central [5sentrəl] adj. 中心的

He lives in central London.

他住在伦敦市中心。

1. wherever [weər5evə] conj.&adv.无论哪里

Some people enjoy themselves wherever they are.

有些人无论在哪里都很开心。

1. carpenter [5kɑ:pɪntə] n. 木工

My neighbor is a master carpenter.

我的邻居是一个熟练的木匠。

1. cartoon [kɑ: 5tu:n] n. 卡通

Children like watching cartoons.

儿童喜欢看卡通片。

1. athletic [æθ5letɪk] adj. 运动的

He is an athletic 36-year-old with a 21-year-old’s body.

他是位36岁却有着21岁人体格的运动型人。

1. engine [5endʒɪn] n. 引擎；发动机

He got into the driving seat and started the engine.

他坐上驾驶座椅，发动了引擎。

1. length [leŋθ] n. 长度

It is about a metre in length.

它大约有一米长。

1. model after仿造

She has always modeled herself after her mother.

她一直在效法她的母亲。

1. fantasy [5fæntəsi] n.&v. 幻想

He lived in a fantasy world of his own, even as a small boy.

甚至还是个小孩子的时候，他就生活在一个幻想世界里。

1. amusement [ə5mju:zmənt] n. 娱乐；消遣

People had very few amusements to choose from at that time.

那时人们可选择的消遣方式很少。

1. no wonder难怪

No wonder you can’t find anybody here; they’re all away at a meeting.

难怪找不到人，都开会去了。

1. brand [brænd] n. 商标；品牌

I bought one of the leading brands.

我买了知名品牌中的一种。

1. tourism [5tʊərɪzəm] n. 旅游业

Tourism is a large industry in Canada.

旅游业在加拿大是一大产业。

21. A Strange Disease奇怪的疾病

When the construction of the firework factory came to the stage of painting, a pump was put in. Then, all the painters in the neighbourhood were defeated by a severe disease whose characteristic was alike to that of a bad burn.

An expert physician was instructed to attend to the victims and handle this case. He was enthusiastic, but he didn’t foresee that it was a hard challenge. After simple enquiry, he announced that the polluted paint was to blame. But without positive evidence, people suspected and rejected his view, saying the theory he put forward made no sense. Being much more strict with himself, he contributed himself to the case. Apart from making enquiries, he made detailed charts and analysed the data cautiously. Finally, he drew a scientific conclusion, linking the disease to the radium in the pump. Exposed to radium, a kind of radioactive material in the universe, people absorbed radiation and got sick immediately.

Spinning the pump backward, he took away the radium. This simple movement cured all the victims.

当那座烟花工厂的建设到了油漆阶段时，一个水泵被安装进来，接着，在它附近的油漆

工都得了一种严重的疾病（疾病击败油漆工），其特征与烧伤相似。

一位经验丰富的内科医生被指定去照顾受害者并负责处理这一案例。他热情地投入到工作中，但是却没有预见到这是一次艰难的挑战。在简单的询问后，他就宣布说罪魁祸首是受污染的油漆（油漆应受责备）。但是没有确实的证据，人们很怀疑并拒绝他的观点，大家都说他提出的理论毫无道理。他对自己要求更加严格，全身心地投入。除了询问，他还制作了详细的图表，谨慎地分析各项数据，最后，他终于得出了一个科学的结论，把疾病和水泵中的镭联系起来。镭是宇宙中的一种放射性物质，当暴露在镭的辐射中时，人体吸收其射线，立刻染上疾病。

他把水泵向后旋转，拿走了里面的镭，这个简单的动作治愈了所有的受害者。

重点词汇解析

1. construction [kən’strʌkʃ(ə)n] n. 建设

The local government raised large sums for highway construction.

地方政府为建设公路筹措了巨额款项。

1. firework [5faɪəwɜ:k] n. 烟花

Jeff and David were in the back yard setting off fireworks.

杰夫和戴维在后院放烟花。

1. pump [pʌmp] n. 水泵; v. 抽水

There was no water in the building, just a pump in the courtyard.

楼里没水，只在院子里有个水泵。

1. painter [5peɪntə] n. 画家；油漆工

The painter drew the scene from memory.

画家根据回忆画出了这景色。

1. neighbourhood [5neɪbəhʊd] n. 社区；邻近

Is there a good Chinese restaurant in the neighbor­hood?

这附近有没有好的中餐馆？

1. defeat [dɪ5fi:t] v. 击败; n. 失败

They defeated the enemy in the battle.

他们在那次战斗中打败敌人。

1. severe [sɪ5vɪə] adj. 严重的

Shortages of professional staff are very severe in some places.

专业人员的短缺在一些地方十分严重。

1. characteristic [kærəktə5rɪstɪk] n. 特性；

adj. 典型的

Genes determine the characteristics of every living thing. 基因决定每个生物的特征。

1. alike [ə5laɪk] adj. 相似的

We looked very alike. 我们长得很相像。

1. expert [5ekspɜ:t] n. 专家; adj. 专家的

We’ll need an expert opinion.

我们将需要专家的意见。

1. physician [fɪ5zɪʃ(ə)n] n. 内科医生

A physician should be consulted if there is evidence of infection.

如果存在感染的迹象，应当立即咨询内科医生。

1. instruct [ɪn5strʌkt] v. 指导；指示；命令

His secretary was instructed to cancel all his engagements.

他的秘书接到通知，取消他所有的预约。

1. attend [ə’tend] v. 出席

Thousands of people attended the funeral.

数千人参加了葬礼。

1. victim [5vɪktɪm] n. 受害人

All these people are innocent victims.

所有这些人都是无辜受害者。

1. handle [5hændl] v. 处理；操作

To tell the truth, I don’t know if I can handle the job.

说实话，我不知道我能否做好这份工作。

1. enthusiastic [ɪn,θju:zɪ5æstɪk] adj. 热情的

Tom was very enthusiastic about the place.

汤姆曾非常热衷于那个地方。

1. foresee [fɔ:5si:] v. 预见

He did not foresee any problems.

他没有预见到任何问题。

1. challenge [5tʃælɪn(d)ʒ] n.&v. 挑战

The new government’s first challenge is the economy.

新政府面临的第一项挑战是经济。

1. enquiry [ɪn5kwaɪrɪ] n. 询问

I would like to make a enquiry about this type of leather bag.

我想询问一下这款真皮包的价格。

enquiry=inquiry

1. announce [ə’naʊns] v. 宣布

She was planning to announce her engagement to Peter.

她在计划宣布她与彼得的婚约。

1. pollute [pə5lu:t] v. 污染

The river has been polluted by waste products from the factory.

这条河已经受到工厂排放的废料所污染。

1. blame [bleɪm] v. 责备

Don’t blame me for the delay. 别责备我耽误了。

1. positive [5pɒzɪtɪv] adj. 积极的

Be positive about your future and get on with living a normal life.

要积极面对未来，习惯过一种平常生活。

1. suspect [sə5spekt] v. 怀疑

I suspect he is a thief. 我怀疑他是贼。

1. reject [rɪ5dʒekt] v. 拒绝

I rejected his suggestion. 我拒绝他的建议。

1. put forward提出

I think I put forward some great ideas, but none of them were accepted.

我认为我提出一些极妙的想法，但是他们都不被接受。

1. make no sense毫无意义

We care about what happens in our dreams, even when what happens makes no sense.

我们所关心的就是我们的梦境里发生了什么，即便梦境完全没有道理。

1. be strict with对.....严格

The math teacher is very strict with us.

数学老师对我们非常严格。

1. contribute [kən5trɪbju:t] v. 贡献

The three sons also contribute to the family business.

3个儿子也为家族企业做贡献。

1. apart from除了...之外

Apart from the ending, it’s a really good film.

除了结局，这部电影真的不错。

1. chart [tʃɑ:t] n. 图表

Of course, the above chart is merely an example.

当然，上面的图表紧紧是一个实例。

1. analyse [ˈænəlaɪz] v. 分析

They analysed the situation very closely.

他们非常周密地分析了形势。

1. cautiously [5kɔʃəsli] adv. 谨慎地

We walked cautiously through the house.

我们谨慎地穿过房子。

1. draw a scientific conclusion得出科学结论

I find it difficult to draw a scientific conclusion.

我觉得很难下科学结论。

1. link [lɪŋk] v.&n.连接；联系

She was my only link with the past.

她是我和过去的惟一联系。

1. radium [5reɪdɪəm] n. 镭

Madame Curie discovered radium.

居里夫人发现了镭。

1. expose [ɪk5spəʊz] v. 揭露；暴露

The film exposes the utter horror of war.

这部电影揭示了战争的极端恐怖。

1. universe [5ju:nɪvɜ:s] n. 宇宙

Einstein’s equations showed the universe to be expanding.

爱因斯坦的方程式表明宇宙正在扩大。

1. absorb [əb5zɔ:b] v. 吸收

A sponge absorbs water. 海绵吸水。

1. spin [spɪn] v. 旋转

The room started to spin.  房间开始旋转。

1. backward [5bækwəd] adj. 向后的; adv. 向后

He took two steps backward. 他往后退了两步。

1. movement [5mu:vm(ə)nt] n. 运动；活动

There was movement behind the window in the back door.

后门窗户的后面有动静。

1. cure [kjʊə] v. 治愈

His cough was nearly cured.

他的咳嗽差不多全好了。

22. Sightseeing in the United Kingdom观光联合王国

After the wedding, my cousin and his wife went to the United Kingdom for nationwide sightseeing. He faxed a letter to me in English yesterday. To my delight, he no longer made any tense error. And his description roughly clarified my questions about the UK--its currency, its administration, the institution which divides it into four provinces, and the historical conflicts and quarrels when Southern Ireland broke away from the UK.

Unwilling to leave out any attraction, my cousin arranged his enjoyable journey carefully. One attractive place he visited was a castle in the countryside of Scotland, which lies near a port. It used to be the headquarters（请注意：音频里面是headquarter，没有加s，是不对的。）of the Communism Union but broke down during the war. Finding nothing could take the place of this splendid architecture, people accomplished rebuilding it in 1952. It was to their credit that all furnished rooms are consistent with what they used to be. My cousin was thrilled by its collections consisting of statues plus royal uniforms folded in glass tanks. Though there was no possibility to buy some of these exhibits, it was convenient to take photos, which he sent me along with his fax.

我的表弟和他妻子在举办了婚礼后到联合王国做全国旅游观光去了。他昨天传真了一封英文信给我，让我高兴的是，他再也不犯时态错误了，而且他的描述也粗略地向我阐明了关于英国的一些问题——它的货币啦，行政管理啦，把它分成四个行政区的制度啦，还有在南爱尔兰脱离联合王国时发生的一些历史上的冲突和争拗。

因为不愿意漏掉任何一个景点，我表弟仔细地安排了他愉快的旅程。他参观的其中一个吸引人的地方是苏格兰乡村的一个城堡。城堡靠近一座港口，曾经是共产主义联盟会的总部，但是在战争中倒塌了。人们发现没有任何东西可以取代这座辉煌的建筑，于是在1952年完成了重建。值得赞扬的是，所有配备家具的房间都和它们过去一致的。由雕像加折叠在玻璃柜里的皇家制服组成的收藏品使我表弟震撼不已。尽管没有可能购买这些展览品，拍照却很方便，他在传真中一起发给了我。

重点词汇解析

1. wedding [5wedɪŋ] n. 婚礼

Most couples want a traditional wedding.

多数情侣希望举办一个传统的婚礼。

1. United Kingdom 联合王国

There is no single legal system in the United Kingdom.

联合王国不实行完全统一的法律制度。

1. nationwide [‚neɪʃən5waɪd] adj. 全国的

The rising number of car crimes is a nationwide problem.

汽车犯罪不断增加是个全国性的问题。

1. sightseeing [5saɪtsi:ɪŋ] n.&v. 观光

Would you recommend some places for sightseeing?

您能给我推荐一些游览名胜吗？

1. fax [fæks] n.&v. 传真

What’s your fax number? 你的传真号码是多少？

1. delight [dɪ5laɪt] n. 高兴; v. 使高兴

The circus show delighted everyone.

马戏团表演使每个人欣喜。

1. tense [tens] n. 时态；adj. 紧张的

Is anything wrong? You look a little tense.

有什么不对劲吗？你看起来有点紧张。

1. error [5erə] n. 错误

The police made a serious error, which resulted in a young man’s death.

警方犯了严重的错误，导致一名年轻男子死亡。

1. description [dɪ5skrɪpʃ(ə)n] n. 描述

He gave us a clear description of the situation in the city.

他向我们清晰地描述了该市的情况。

1. roughly [5rʌflɪ] adv. 粗糙地；大约地

There were roughly 200 people there.

那儿大约有200人。

1. clarify [5klærɪfaɪ] v. 澄清

He issued a statement to clarify the situation.

他发表了一项声明以澄清形势。

1. currency [5kʌrənsi] n. 货币

Tourism is the country’s top earner of foreign currency.

旅游业是该国外汇收入最高的行业。

1. administration [ədmɪnɪ5streɪʃ(ə)n] n. 管理；行政

Too much time is spent on administration.

太多的时间花在了管理工作上。

1. institution [ɪnstɪ5tju:ʃ(ə)n] n. 制度

 I believe in the institution of marriage.

我相信婚姻制度。

1. divide into分成

Divide the cake into three pieces.

把蛋糕分成三块。

1. province[5prɒvɪns] n. 省

By the way, which province are you from?

顺便问一下，您是哪个省来的?

1. conflict [5kɒnflɪkt] n.&v. 冲突

There is a conflict between what they are doing and what you want.

他们在做的和你想要的之间存在冲突。

1. quarrel [5kwɒrəl] v.&n. 吵架

I had a terrible quarrel with my other brothers.

我和其他几个兄弟大吵了一架。

1. break away from 脱离

He decided to break away from the Party.

他决定脱党。

1. unwilling [ʌn5wɪlɪŋ] adj. 不乐意的

At that time the government was unwilling to resist the foreign invasion.

那时政府对外国的入侵不愿进行抵抗。

1. leave out漏掉

She left out 3 words when she recited this poem.

她朗诵这首诗时漏掉了三个词。

1. arrange [ə5reɪndʒ] v. 安排

I’ve arranged to see him on Friday morning.

我已经安排了星期五早上见他。

23. enjoyable [ɪn5dʒɔɪəbəl] adj. 令人愉快的

 It was much more enjoyable than I had expected.

它比我原先想的要令人愉快得多。

1. attractive [ə5træktɪv] adj. 吸引人的

She’s a very attractive woman.

她是一个非常有魅力的女人。

1. countryside [5kʌntrisaɪd] n. 农村；乡村

The countryside changes in winter.

冬天的乡村不一样。

1. port [pɔ:t] n. 港口

The ferry was about to leave port.

渡船正要离港。

1. communism union 共产主义联盟会

Are you planning to join the communism union?

你打算加入共产主义联盟会吗？

1. break down倒塌；出故障

The bridge broke down in last earthquake.

那座桥在上次地震中坍塌了。

1. take the place of代替

These new facilities will take the place of the old ones.

这些新设备将代替那些旧的。

1. splendid [5splendɪd] adj. 辉煌的

The peacock spreads his splendid tail.

孔雀展开了它那灿烂夺目的尾巴。

1. architecture [5ɑ:kɪtektʃə] n. 建筑学

He studied architecture at university.

他在大学里读的是建筑学。

1. accomplish [ə5kʌmplɪʃ] v. 完成；实现

If we’d all work together, I think we could accomplish our goal.

如果我们齐心协力，我想我们能实现我们的目标。

1. to one’s credit某人值得赞扬

To Jamie’s credit, he remained calm.

值得表扬的是，杰米始终保持冷静

1. furnish [5fɜ:nɪʃ] v. 为.....配备家具

The house is well furnished.

这间房屋内布置得很好。

1. consistent [kən5sɪstənt] adj. 一致的

A theory should be internally consistent.

 一套理论应当内在一致。

1. thrill [θrɪl] v. 震撼

His speech thrilled the crowd.

他的演说令听众感到振奋。

1. collection [kə5lekʃən] n. 收集；收藏品

He has a stamp collection. 他有一批邮票收藏品。

1. statue [5stætʃu:] n. 雕像

A bronze statue was erected in his honour.

人们立了一座铜像纪念他。

1. plus [plʌs] v. 加

Three plus three is six. 三加三等于六。

1. royal [5rɔɪəl] adj. 皇家的

I receive an invitation to a royal garden party.

我收到一张参加皇家花园聚会的请帖。

1. uniform [5ju:nɪfɔ:m] n. 制服

The police wear dark blue uniforms.

警察穿深蓝色制服。

1. fold [fəʊld] v. 折叠

He folded the paper carefully.

他小心地把那张纸折起来。

1. possibility [,pɒsɪ5bɪlɪtɪ]  n.可能性

The study raises the possibility that dieting is bad for your health.

那项研究指出节食有可能损害健康。

1. convenient [kən5vi:nɪənt]  adj. 方便的

It is simple and convenient to use.

它用起来简单方便。

23. An Air Crash飞机失事

I was a previous typist in a post office. Because I couldn’t tolerate typing any more postage bills or postcodes on a typewriter every day, I resigned. With a greedy motivation of making big money, I took up working as a business representative for the G.E Ecology Company, which produced goods by recycling useful materials from our dustbins. My new job left me good impressions in many aspects except that the working timetable was full of traveling by jets.

Once, when speeding up, our jet was swallowed by a thunderstorm, which destroyed our GPS receiver and made us lose sight of the directions. A constantly flashing light showed that our jet was in danger. A steward instantly asked us to put on masks and fasten the safety belts, and then pressed a button to switch on the escaping capsule. It slid sideways out of the opening at once and landed in a desert area safely. Lacking food and tablets, we were nervous and uncertain at first. But we all kept optimistic and made good adjustment to the situation. We swept up the surrounding mud to make our settlement and were back on our feet soon. Finally, guided by the smoke of our crashing jet, some local citizens came by carriages and saved us.

我以前是一家邮局的打字员，因为忍受够了每天在打字机上打邮资账单或邮政编码，我辞了职。带着想挣大钱的贪婪动机，我开始给一家叫G.E生态公司的企业当商务代表，这家公司通过回收我们垃圾箱里的有用材料生产商品。我的新工作在多方面都给了我很好的印象，除了一点：乘飞机旅行挤满了我的工作时间表。

有一次，我们的喷气飞机在加速时被一场雷暴吞没，不仅损坏了GPS信号接收器，还使我们看不见方向。一盏持续闪亮的灯说明我们的飞机正处在危险中。一名乘务员立刻让我们戴上面罩、系牢安全带，接着按下一枚按钮 打开逃生仓电源，逃生仓马上侧着滑出出口，安全降落在一片荒凉的地区。因为缺少食品和药品，我们一开始都又紧张又心里没底，但是我们都保持乐观，做好调整适应这一新境况。我们打扫干净周围的泥土，安顿下来，很快就恢复过来。最后，在我们坠机烟雾的指引下，一些当地的居民搭乘马车到来，我们都获救了。

重点词汇解析

1. previous [5pri:vɪəs] adj. 以前的

Do you have any previous experience of this type of work?

你以前有过此类工作的经验吗？

1. typist [5taɪpɪst] n. 打字员

She worked as a typist in a law firm.

她在一家律师事务所当打字员。

1. tolerate [5tɒləreɪt] v. 忍受

We don’t tolerate smoking in the library.

我们不容许在图书馆里抽烟。

1. postage [5pəʊstɪdʒ] n. 邮资

All prices include postage and handling.

所有价格都包含邮资和手续费。

1. postcode [5pəʊstkəʊd] n. 邮编

Type your street address and postcode.

键入你的街道地址和邮政编码。

1. typewriter [5taɪp‚raɪtə] n. 打字机

Does she use an electric typewriter?

她现在用电动打字机吗？

1. greedy [5ɡri:di] adj. 贪婪的

He looked at the gold with greedy eyes.

他贪婪地看着这些金子。

1. motivation [‚məʊtɪ5veɪʃən] n. 动机

What was your motivation for becoming a teacher?

你为什么当了老师？

1. take up开始从事；占用

He took up writing after graduation.

毕业后他开始从事写作。

1. representative [‚reprɪ5zentətɪv] n. 代表

She had a stressful job as a sales representative.

作为一名销售代理，她的工作压力很大。

1. ecology [ɪ5kɒlədʒi] n. 生态学

He is a professor in ecology.

他是一位生态学教授。

1. goods [ɡʊdz] n. 商品

Money can be exchanged for goods or services.

钱可以用来换取商品或服务。

1. recycle [ri: 5saɪkl] v.&n.再循环

Glass can be recycled from old bottles.

利用旧瓶子可以再生玻璃。

1. material [mə5tɪəriəl] n. 材料

The builders ran out of materials.

建筑商用完了材料。

1. dustbin [5dʌstbɪn] n. 垃圾箱

Rubbish should be put into the dustbin.

垃圾应堆放在垃圾箱里。

1. impression [ɪm5preʃən] n. 印象

What were your first impressions of college?

你对大学的第一印象是什么？

1. aspect [5æspekt] n. 方面

He was interested in all aspects of the work here.

他对这里工作的各方面都感兴趣。

1. timetable [5taɪm‚teɪbəl] n. 时间表

She looked at her timetable for the gym.

她正在看她的体育馆时间表。

1. jet [dʒet] n. 喷气式飞机

He owns a private jet.

他拥有一架私人喷气式飞机。

1. speed up加速

I sped up my car as soon as I left her house.

一离开她家，我便加快了速度。

1. swallow [5swɒləʊ] n. 燕子; v. 吞咽

Jan lifted her glass and took a quick swallow.

Jane举起杯子，迅速咽了一口。

1. receiver [rɪ5si:və] n. 接收器；听筒

Auto-tuning VHF receivers are now common in cars.

自动调谐的超高频信号接收器现普遍使用在小汽车上。

1. lose sight of看不见

He lost sight of his son’s change.

他看不到儿子的转变。

1. constantly [5kɒnstəntli] adv. 不断地

He talked constantly about his work.

他不断地谈到他的工作。

1. flash [flæʃ] n.&v. 闪光

A sudden flash of lightning lit everything up for a second.

突然的一道闪电刹那间把一切照亮了。

1. steward [5stju:əd] n. 男乘务员

A steward is serving meals to the passengers.

一位乘务员正在为乘客备餐。

1. instantly [5ɪnstəntli] adv. 立即

All four victims died instantly.

四名受害人全部当即死亡。

1. mask [mɑ:sk] n. 面具

Give him a mask, and he will tell you the truth.

给他戴上一副面具，他就会告诉你实话。

1. fasten [5fɑ:sən] v. 扣紧

Have you fastened all the doors and windows?

你把所有的门窗都关严了吗?

1. belt [belt] n. 腰带

He wore a belt with a large brass buckle.

他系着一条缀有一颗大铜扣的皮带。

1. press [pres] v. 按；压

She pressed the gas pedal and the car leapt forwards.

她踩下油门，汽车向前冲了出去。

32. button [5bʌtn] n. 纽扣

Press the pause button.  按暂停键。

1. switch [swɪtʃ] n. 开关; v. 转变

Where’s the light switch?  电灯开关在哪儿？

1. capsule [5kæpsju:l] n. 太空舱；胶囊

A Russian space capsule is currently orbiting the Earth.

一个俄罗斯太空舱目前正环绕地球飞行。

1. slide [slaɪd] n. 滑梯；v. 滑动

The glasses slid off the table onto the floor.

玻璃杯子全都从桌上滑落到了地板上。

1. sideways [5saɪdweɪz] adv. 向侧面地

The ladder blew sideways.

那梯子从一旁倒下了。

1. opening [5əʊpənɪŋ] adj. 公开的adj.

This was only the opening act.

这只不过是一场公开的表演。

1. desert [5dezət] n. 沙漠; adj. 荒凉的

This plan is to change the desert into farmland.

这个计划是要将沙漠变为农田。

1. lack [læk] v.&n. 缺乏

Despite his lack of experience, he got the job.

尽管缺乏经验，他还是得到了那份工作。

1. tablet [5tæblɪt] n. 药片n.

The doctor asked him to take half a tablet of aspirin.

医生叫他吃半片阿斯匹林。

1. uncertain [ʌn5sɜ:tn] adj. 不确定的

I was uncertain about what to do next.

我拿不定主意接下来要做什么。

1. optimistic [ɒptɪ5mɪstɪk] adj. 乐观的

Bankers are cautiously optimistic about the country’s economic future.

银行家对该国的经济前景持谨慎乐观的态度。

1. adjustment [ə5dʒʌstmənt] n. 调整

 He will have to make major adjustments to his thinking if he is to survive in office.

他要想继续任职的话，就得对他的思维方式作大的调整。

1. sweep up大扫除

Get a broom and sweep up that glass will you?

拿一把扫帚把那些玻璃扫干净，行吗？

1. surrounding [sə5raʊndɪŋ] adj. 周围的; n. 环境

We decided to explore the surrounding countryside .

我们决定去附近的乡间走走看看。

1. mud [mʌd] n. 泥

All our feet were swamped in the mud.

我们的脚都陷在淤泥中了。

1. settlement [5setlmənt] n. 处理；解决；协议

We hope for a lasting settlement of all these troubles.

我们希望这些纠纷能获得永久的解决。

1. be back on one’s feet 重新振作

I need to be back on my feet again and forget all this.

我得重新振作起来，忘掉这一切。

1. guide [ɡaɪd] n. 指南; v. 引导

Follow our step-by-step guide.

跟着我们的分步指南去做。

1. citizen [5sɪtəzən] n. 市民

Every citizen may claim the protection of the law.

每个公民都可以要求受到法律的保护。

1. carriage [5kærɪdʒ] n. 马车

The carriage with the prince and his bride quickly drove away.

马车载着王子和他的新娘很快地驶走了。

24. An Amateur Journalist业余记者

Jane is a housewife, but delighted to work as an amateur journalist. It is a dilemma for her to rush between family and work, and it is also unusual for the News Department to depend on an amateur to cover crimes. But Jane is really gifted. It is admirable that she is seldom accused of making mistakes. And, eager to become more professional, she concentrates on her job and updates herself now and then.

Once she is informed of a new case, her normal working process is as follows: first, she makes appointments with guilty people for interviews. So as to acquire accurate stories, she usually demands to record what they say. Meanwhile, a technically good colleague will assist her in taking photographs. Second, she assesses whether they are deliberately hiding the truth. If she is skeptical about their words, she will look into the case herself. Third, she writes thorough stories ahead of the deadline and submits it to the senior chief editor, who polishes and approves every section. Finally, her stories will be published in different editions of their magazine.

简是一名家庭主妇，但却非常乐意做一名业余记者。在家和工作之间奔波总是使她左右为难，而且对于新闻部来说，依靠一名业余人员来报道罪案也是不同寻常的，但是简真的很有天赋，让人钦佩的是她极少因为犯错而受到责备。因为渴望做得更加专业，她全神贯注于工作，且时不时地就提升自身的业务水平。

一旦接到新案子的通知，她通常的工作程序如下：首先，她和有罪的人约了作采访。为了获得准确的新闻，她通常要求做录音，同时，一位技术上好的同事会协助她拍照；接着，她对受采访的人是否有故意隐瞒真相作出评估。如果她怀疑他们的话，就会亲自调查案件；然后，她在截稿期限前写出详尽的报道，呈交给高级主编，由他对每个部分做润色和批准；最后，她的新闻就发表在杂志的各个版本中了。

重点词汇解析

1. housewife [5haʊswaɪf] n. 家庭主妇

My mother is a housewife.

我妈妈是一位家庭妇女。

1. delighted [dɪ5laɪtɪd] adj. 高兴的

I know Frank will be delighted to see you.

我知道弗兰克见到你会非常高兴。

1. amateur [5æmətə] n. 业余爱好者

Jerry is an amateur who dances because he feels like it.

杰瑞是一位业余舞蹈爱好者，他跳舞因为他喜欢跳。

1. journalist [5dʒɜ:nəlɪst] n. 新闻工作者

The honourable journalist spent an hour on the journey of tour.

可敬的新闻记者在观光旅程上花了一个小时.

1. dilemma [dɪ5lemə] n. 困境

He was faced with the dilemma of whether or not to return to his country.

他面临着是否回国的艰难选择。

1. unusual [ʌn5juʒəl] adj. 不寻常的

They have replanted many areas with rare and unusual plants.

他们在很多地方重新种上了稀有罕见的植物。

1. department [dɪ5pɑ:tmənt] n. 系；部门

He moved to the sales department.

他调到了销售部。

1. depend on依靠

My wife and daughter depend on me for their living.

我妻子女儿靠我生活。

1. crime [kraɪm] n. 罪行；犯罪

We moved here because there was very little crime.

我们搬到这里来是因为这里的犯罪率很低。

1. gift [ɡɪft] n. 礼物；天赋

As a youth he discovered a gift for teaching.

年轻的时候他就发现了自己教书的天赋。

1. admirable [5ædmərəbl] adj. 令人钦佩的

She did an admirable job of holding the audience’s attention.

她做了件值得钦佩的事：吸引了观众的注意力。

1. be accused of被指控

Her assistant was accused of theft by the police.

她的助手被警方指控偷窃。

1. eager [5i:gə] adj. 渴望的

He was eager to talk about life in the Army.

他渴望谈论军旅生活。

1. professional [prə5feʃənəl] adj. 专业的

This business plan looks very professional.

这个商业计划看上去很有专业水平。

1. concentrate on集中精力于；全神贯注于

 It was up to him to concentrate on his studies.

他能否专心学习取决于他自己。

1. update [ʌp5deɪt] v.&n. 更新

He was updating the work schedule on the computer.

他正在计算机上更新了工作日程。

1. inform [ɪn5fɔ:m] v. 通知

Please inform us how to find his house.

请告诉我们他家在哪里。

1. case [keɪs] n. 情况；箱子

Take an umbrella, in case it rains.

带把伞吧，以防下雨。

1. process [5prəʊses] n. 处理；过程

They decided to spread the building process over three years.

他们决定在三年内分期完成该建造过程。

1. appointment [ə5pɔɪntmənt] n. 任命

Mr. Fay is to take up an appointment as a researcher.

费伊先生将担任研究员的职务。

1. guilty [5gɪltɪ] adj. 有罪的；内疚的

I feel so guilty, leaving all this to you.

把所有这一切都留给了你，我觉得很内疚。

1. so as to以便

One should learn from past mistakes so as to avoid falling into the same old trap again.

要从过去的错误中吸取教训，以免重蹈覆辙。

1. acquire [ə5kwaɪə] v. 获得

He acquired hundreds of books at last.

最后他得到了数百本书。

1. accurate [5ækjərət] adj. 精确的

His throws were long, hard and accurate, as always.

像往常一样，他的投掷远、有力又精准。

1. demand [dɪ5mɑ:nd] n.&v. 要求；需求

The boss demanded payment of the debt.

老板要求还清债款。

1. meanwhile [5mi:nwaɪl] adv. 与此同时

Meanwhile we must do a good job in transport and communications.

同时我们要搞好交通运输工作。

1. technically [5teknɪkli] adj. 技术上

Agriculture is becoming more and more technically advanced.

农业在技术上越来越先进。

1. colleague [5kɒli:g] n. 同事

He has told me about the new colleague.

他已经向我告知新同事的情况。

1. assist [ə5sɪst] v.&n.帮助

The family decided to assist me with my chores.

家人决定分担我的琐事。

1. photograph [5fəʊtəgrɑ:f] n. 照片; v. 拍照

He wants to take some photographs of the house.

他想给这所房子拍一些照片。

photograph=photo

1. assess [ə5ses] v. 评估

The lawyers assessed the property at $35,000。

律师们估计这笔财产价值35 000美元。

1. deliberately [dɪ5lɪbərətli] adv. 故意地

I deliberately kept the letter short.

我故意把信写得简短。

1. skeptical [5skeptɪkəl] adj. 怀疑的

I have a simple calculation that makes me extremely skeptical.

我做了些简单计算，使得我产生了极度的怀疑。

skeptical=sceptical

1. thorough [5θʌrə] adj. 彻底的

We are making a thorough investigation.

我们正在进行彻底的调查。

1. deadline [5dedlaɪn] n. 最后期限

We’re all under pressure and working to deadlines.

我们全都顶着压力在赶工。

1. submit [səb5mɪt] v. 提交

All applications must be submitted by Monday.

所有申请必须在星期一前递交。

1. senior [‘si:niə] adj. 高级的

They have a good senior management team.

他们有一个好的高级管理团队。

1. chief [tʃi;f] adj. 主要的; n. 首领

The chief reason for this is that people are living longer.

这主要是因为人们更长寿了。

1. editor [5edɪtə] n. 编辑

Her father was the former editor of the Time.

她的父亲是《时代》的前任主编。

1. polish [5pɒlɪʃ] v. 擦亮；润色

Polish your shoes with a brush.

用刷子把你的鞋子擦亮。

1. approve [ə5pru:v] v. 批准

The Senate promptly approved the bill.

参议院迅速通过了这一法案。

1. section [5sekʃən] n. 部分

The boats were built in Scotland, and transported to Egypt in sections.

船只在苏格兰建造，各部分分装运往埃及。

1. publish [5pʌblɪʃ] v. 出版；发表

This press publishes educational books.

这家出版社出版教育书籍。

1. edition [ɪ5dɪʃən] n. 版本

The second edition was published only in Canada.

第2版只在加拿大出版。

25. First Aid急救

A boy fell ill. His organs were damaged by the radiation of an infrared ray stove. But before the ambulance arrived, a number of other injuries happened to this unlucky boy over and over again. First, he was choked by some poisonous liquid from the kettle on the cupboard. Then his wrist skin was burnt by electric shock. Finally, his ankle was cut by a pan.

Fortunately, the boy’s nurse gave him proper temporary treatments according to his complex symptoms. She mildly squeezed the poisonous liquid out of his throat and put bandages firmly in place to apply pressure to the ankle wound to stop bleeding. As for the burn, she used scissors to remove his sleeve, poured a basin of cold water over the burn to cool it and put her hands on a damp blouse to cover his swollen tissue tightly. She also inspired his bravery to fight against the unbearable pain. Her first aid made a vital difference in saving his life. A ceremony was held to honour the nurse who overcame a variety of barriers to save the boy.

有个孩子病倒了，他的体内器官被一台红外线烤炉的放射线灼伤了。但是在救护车到来前，这个不幸的孩子身上还一而再、再而三地发生了许多别的伤害。开始是被橱柜上水壶里的有毒液体噎住，然后是手腕的皮肤被电击烧伤，最后，一只平底锅还割伤了他的脚踝。

幸运的是，男孩的保姆根据他的复杂症状给予了适当的临时治疗。她轻轻地从他喉咙里把有毒液体挤了出来；并在脚踝合适的位置紧紧扎上绷带，施加压力使伤口的流血止住；对于烧伤，她用剪刀剪去他的袖子，倒了一盆凉水给烧伤位置降温，并找来一件湿的女式衬衫紧紧盖住他肿胀的皮肤组织。此外，她还激发起他的勇敢和难以忍受的疼痛做斗争。她的急救在挽救他性命中起了至关重要的作用。人们举办了一场典礼来表彰这位克服各种障碍挽救了男孩的小保姆。

重点词汇解析

1. fall ill病倒

She fell ill with flu. 她患感冒，病倒了。

1. organ [‘ɔ:ɡən] n 器官

Evidence shows that smoking harms nearly every organ of the body.

证据表明，吸烟几乎危害身体的每一个器官。

1. radiation [‚reɪdi5eɪʃən] n. 辐射

They suffer from health problems and fear the long term effects of radiation.

他们受健康问题的困扰，还担心遭受辐射造成的长期影响。

1. ray [reɪ] n. 光线

The sun’s rays can penetrate water up to 10 feet.

阳光的光线一直能透射到水下10英尺处。

1. stove [stəʊv] n. 炉

She put the kettle on the gas stove.

她把水壶放在煤气炉上。

1. ambulance [5æmbjʊləns] n. 救护车

How can I call an ambulance?

我如何能叫到救护车？

1. a number of许多

We have been friends for a number of years.

我们已经是多年的朋友了。

1. injury [5ɪndʒəri] n. 伤害

The passengers were taken to hospital with minor injuries.

乘客受了轻伤，被送往医院。

1. over and over again反复地

There are many actions, habits and chores that you do over and over again.

有许多事情、习惯或是家务活你总是反反复复做了一遍又一遍。

1. choke [tʃəʊk] v. 窒息

The smoke almost choked me.

烟呛得我几乎透不过气来。

1. poisonous [5pɔɪzənəs] adj. 有毒的

She was bitten on the ankle by a poisonous snake .

她被毒蛇咬了脚踝。

名词poison（毒药）加上ous构成形容词。

1. liquid [5lɪkwɪd] n. 液体；adj. 液体的

Drink plenty of liquid. 饮用大量液体。

1. kettle [5ketl] n. 壶

Water overruns the kettle while boiling.

水开时从壶里溢了出来。

1. cupboard [5kʌbəd] n. 碗橱

The cupboard doors were open. 柜门开着。

1. wrist [rɪst] n. 手腕

She had a gold watch on her wrist.

她手腕上戴了块金表。

1. skin [skɪn] n. 皮肤

The skin on his hands was dry and rough.

他手上的皮肤干燥粗糙。

1. electric [ɪ5lektrɪk] adj. 电的

An electric heater consumes too much electricity.

电热器用电太费。

1. shock [ʃɒk] v.&n. 震惊

He hasn’t got over the shock of losing his job yet.

他还没有从失业的打击中恢复过来。

1. ankle [5æŋkəl] n. 脚踝

John twisted his ankle badly.

约翰的脚踝严重扭伤。

1. pan [pæn] n. 平底锅

Heat the butter and oil in a large pan.

在一个大平底锅里加热黄油和食用油。

1. temporary [5tempərəri] adj. 临时的

His job here is only temporary.

他在这儿的工作只是暂时的。

1. treatment [5tri:tmənt] n. 治疗

Many patients are not getting the medical treatment they need.

许多病人都没有得到他们需要的医疗。

动词treat（治疗；款待）加上ment构成。

1. complex [5kɒmpleks] adj. 复杂的

This project involves a lot of complex technical problems.

这个方案牵涉到许多复杂的技术问题。

1. symptom [5sɪmptəm] n. 症状

Common symptoms of diabetes are weight loss and fatigue.

糖尿病的常见症状是消瘦和疲劳。

1. mildly [5maɪldli] adv. 温和地；轻微地

I felt mildly depressed. 我感到有些沮丧。

1. squeeze [skwi:z] v. 挤；捏

Squeeze a bit of lemon juice onto the fish.

挤点柠檬汁在鱼上。

1. throat [θrəʊt] n. 喉咙

She had a sore throat. 她喉咙痛。

1. bandage [5bændɪdʒ] n. 绷带

Blood started from the bandage.

血从绷带上又渗了出来。

1. firmly [5fɜ:mli] adv. 坚定地

I myself will firmly carry out this plan.

我本人将坚决执行这个计划。

1. in place适当的

You can improve the machine translations by editing the translation in place.

您可以在适当的地方修改译文来改善机器翻译。

1. apply [ə5plaɪ] v. 申请

I am continuing to apply for jobs.

我在继续申请工作。

1. pressure [5preʃə] n. 压力

I’m under constant pressure at work.

我工作上一直有压力。

1. bleed [bli:d] v. 流血

Your arm is bleeding.你的手臂在流血。

1. scissors [5sɪzəz] n. 剪刀

He told me to get a pair of scissors.

他叫我去拿一把剪刀。

1. sleeve [sli:v] n. 袖子

She’s wearing a dress with long sleeves.

她穿着长袖连衣裙。

1. pour [pɔ:] v. 灌；倒

Mother poured sugar out of a bag into a pot.

母亲把糖从袋中倒入罐内。

1. basin [5beɪsən] n. 盆

Water dripped into a basin at the back of the room.

水滴入房间后面的一个盆里。

1. put her hands on把她的手放在.....上

She put her hands on my head.

她把手放在我的头上。

1. damp [dæmp] adj. 潮湿的

Her hair was still damp. 她的头发还有点湿。

1. blouse [blaʊz] n. 女式衬衫

Whose blouse is this? 这是谁的女衬衫?

1. swollen [5swəʊlən] adj. 肿胀的

His eyes were swollen from crying.

他的眼睛哭肿了。

1. tissue [5tɪsju:] n. 纸巾；组织

As we age we lose muscle tissue.

随着年纪的增大，我们会失去一些肌肉组织。

1. tightly [5taɪtlɪ] adv. 紧紧地

Molly leaned over and hugged her tightly.

茉莉靠著她紧紧地抱著她。

1. bravery [5breɪvəri] n. 勇敢

He deserves the highest praise for his bravery.

他为其勇敢应该得到至高的赞扬。

1. unbearable [ʌn5beərəbəl] adj. 难以忍受的

The pain was almost unbearable.

那疼痛几乎难以忍受。

1. first aid急救

There are many emergencies which need prompt first aid treatment.

有很多紧急情况需要迅速的急救治疗。

1. make a vital difference起至关重要的作用

Working hard makes a vital difference in one’s success.

努力工作对一个人的成功起到至关重要的作用。

1. ceremony [5serɪmənɪ] n. 典礼

Did you have a religious ceremony when you got married?

你结婚的时候举行过宗教仪式吗？

1. variety [və5raɪətɪ] n. 多样

The girls come from a variety of different backgrounds.

这些女孩出身背景各不相同。

1. barrier [5bæriə] n. 障碍

There is no reason why love shouldn’t cross the age barrier.

爱情没有理由不应跨越年龄障碍。

26. Abstract Art抽象艺术

Abstract art used to be controversial. On one hand, the artists stopped painting delicate figures but attempted to adopt special techniques to give people different visual impacts. On the other hand, their works, including sculptures carved out of marble or fragile clay, were all with a specific aim of showing feelings. Some conventional scholars who were allergic to abstract art said it was evidently ridiculous and neither art nor geometry. Their Traditional Art Committee predicted its soon disappearing.

But nowadays, abstract art has become part of the permanent possessions of contemporary civilization. Galleries along the Madison Avenue give scores of superb exhibitions on typical abstract works, appealing to many who have a preference for abstract art. The Shadow of Egypt, a café in this district, has become the home to those aggressive abstract artists. Consequently, it is not a coincidence for you to meet one of these artists of great reputation in the flesh. They are asked for signatures and given bunches of fragrant flowers plus they are given a great deal of praise by their faithful fans.

抽象艺术曾经颇受争议，一方面，抽象艺术家们不再画精致的画像，而是试图采用特别的技巧给人们以不同的视觉冲击；另一方面，他们的作品，包括用大理石和易碎的粘土雕刻出来的雕像，都以表达感情为其明确的目的。有些对抽象艺术反感的传统学者说抽象艺术是极其明显地荒谬可笑，说它既不是艺术，又不是几何学，他们的传统艺术委员会还预言了它的迅速消失。

但是到了今天，抽象艺术已经成为当代文明永久财产的一部分，麦蒂逊大道的画廊为典型的抽象艺术作品举办了许多出色的展览，吸引了许多对抽象艺术有偏爱的人。这区有家叫埃及之影的咖啡馆已经成为那些有进取精神的抽象艺术家们活动的根据地，所以，亲眼见到一位名声极大的艺术家本人并不是什么巧合的事，他们被忠实的崇拜者索取签名，并被给予成束的芬芳花朵和大量的赞扬。

重点词汇解析

1. abstract [5æbstrækt] n. 抽象; adj. 抽象的

A modern abstract painting takes over one complete wall.

一幅现代抽象画占了整整一面墙。

1. controversial [kɒntrə5vɜ:ʃəl] adj. 有争议的

Immigration is a controversial issue in many countries.

移民在很多国家都是一个有争议的问题。

1. delicate [5delɪkət] adj. 精致的

Please pass me that plate with a delicate pattern of leaves

请递给我有精致树叶图案的碟子。

1. figure [5fɪgə] n. 画像；体形；图形

Draw a pentagon, a regular five-sided figure.

画一个五边形，一个规则的五边图形。

1. attempt [ə5tempt] v.&n. 试图；企图

She made several attempts to escape.

她几次企图逃跑。

1. adopt [ə5dɒpt] v. 采取；收养

There are hundreds of people desperate to adopt a child.

有数以百计的人极其渴望收养小孩。

1. technique [tek5ni:k] n. 技巧

He’s a great player, with brilliant technique.

他是个伟大的球员，球技十分精湛。

1. visual [5vɪʒuəl] adj. 视觉的

Artists translate their ideas into visual images.

画家把自己的思想转换成视觉画面。

1. on the other hand另一方面

I’d like to eat out, but on the other hand I should be trying to save money.

我想出去吃饭，但另一方面我又该省钱。

1. sculpture [5skʌlptʃə] n.&v.雕塑

Both studied sculpture. 两人都学过雕塑。

1. carve [ka:v] v. 雕刻

She carved a flower out of a radish.

她把萝卜刻成一朵花。

1. marble [5mɑ:b(ə)l] n. 大理石

The columns are made of white marble.

柱子是白色大理石做成的。

1. fragile [5frædʒaɪl] adj. 易碎的

This kind of paper is too fragile. 这纸太脆。

1. clay [kleɪ] n. 粘土

He rolled the clay into a ball.

他把粘土揉成一个球。

1. specific [spɪ5sɪfɪk] adj. 明确的

Mr Green gave us very specific instructions.

格林先生给了我们很明确的指示。

1. aim [eɪm] n. 目的

The aim of the research is to find new food sources.

此项研究的目的是寻找新的食物来源。

1. conventional [kən5venʃənəl] adj. 传统的

Bake for 20 minutes in a conventional oven.

在传统的烤炉中烘烤20分钟。

1. scholar [5skɒlə] n. 学者

The library attracts thousands of scholars and researchers.

这家图书馆吸引了数千名学者和研究人员。

1. be allergic to对.....过敏

Some people might be allergic to seafood.

有些人可能对海鲜过敏。

1. evidently [5evɪd(ə)ntlɪ] adv. 明显地a

She was evidently upset by what she saw.

她显然对所见到的事情感到不快。

1. ridiculous [rɪ5dɪkjʊləs] adj. 可笑的

I’d look ridiculous in a dress like that.

我穿那样的裙子会显得很可笑。

1. geometry [dʒɪ5ɒmɪtrɪ] n. 几何学

A study of geometry learning showed that people learn best when different topics are mixed together.

几何学的学习表明当不同的内容混合在一起时，人们学习的效果最好。

1. committee [kə5mɪtɪ] n. 委员会

There’s a committee meeting once a month.

委员会会议每月召开一次。

1. predict [prɪ5dɪkt] v. 预言

The earthquake had been predicted several days before.

这次地震早在几天前就已预报到了。

1. permanent [5pɜ:mənənt] adj. 永久的

Heavy drinking can cause permanent damage to the brain.

饮酒过量可能造成永久性脑损伤。

名词permanence（永久）的ce改为t。

1. possessions [pə5zeʃənz] n. 财产

People had lost their homes and all their possessions.

人们已失去了家园和所有的财产。

动词possess（拥有）加上sion（名词后缀，此处省略s）构成名词。

1. contemporary [kən5tempərəri] adj. 当代的

People had lost their homes and all their possessions.

人们已失去了家园和所有的财产。

1. civilization [ˌsɪvɪlaɪ5zeɪʃən] n. 文明

The ancient civilizations of Central and Latin America were founded upon corn.

中美洲和拉丁美洲的古代文明社会是建立在玉米之上的。

1. gallery [5ɡæləri] n. 画廊

All of the pictures in this gallery are of are actually decorated cakes.

该画廊中所有的图片实际上都是经过装饰的蛋糕。

1. avenue [5ævənju:] n. 林荫大道

Walk along Second Avenue and you can see it on the right.

沿着第二大街走，然后你能看到它在右边。

1. superb [sju:5pɜ:b] adj. 极好的

The food was superb. 食物好吃极了。

1. exhibition [‚eksɪ’bɪʃən] n. 展览

Our country will tie up with another country to host this exhibition.

我国将和另外一个国家联合主办这次展览会。

1. typical [5tɪpɪkəl] adj. 典型的

This painting is typical of his work.

这幅画是他的典型作品。

1. appeal to对...有吸引力

He doesn’t appeal to her. 她并不喜欢他。

1. preference [5prefərəns] n. 偏爱

Everyone will have their preference.

每个人都有自己的偏爱。

1. shadow [5ʃædəʊ] n. 影子

She saw the dark shadow of a man in the doorway.

她看见门口有个男人的黑影。

1. Egypt [5i:dʒɪpt] n. 埃及

They will take a trip in Egypt next week.

下周他们将去埃及旅行。

1. cafe [5kæfeɪ] n. 咖啡馆

We found a cafe and sat down.

我们找到了一个咖啡馆坐下。

1. district [5dɪstrɪkt] n. 街区

I drove around the business district.

我绕着商业区行驶。

40. aggressive [ə5gresɪv] adj. 有进取心的；好斗的

A successful businessman has to be aggressive.

成功的实业家必须得有股冲劲。

1. consequently [5kɒnsɪkwəntli] adv. 因此

The molecules are absorbed into the bloodstream and consequently affect the organs.

这些分子被吸收到血液里，从而影响到器官。

1. coincidence [kəʊ5ɪnsɪdəns] n. 巧合

It was sheer coincidence that we were staying in the same hotel.

真是太巧了，我们就住在同一家宾馆。

1. reputation [‚repjʊ5teɪʃən] n. 名声

This college has a good academic reputation.

这所大学拥有良好的学术声誉。

1. in the flesh本人；亲自

In the flesh, however, he’s more like an amiable professor.

然而他本人看上去更像一个和蔼的大学教授。

1. signature [‘sɪɡnətʃə] n. 签名

I was writing my signature at the bottom of the page.

我当时正把我的签名写在本页的底部。

动词sign（签署）加上ature构成名词。

1. bunch [bʌntʃ] n. 串；束

He had left a huge bunch of flowers in her hotel room.

他在她的宾馆房间里留了一大束花。

1. fragrant [5freɪɡrənt] adj. 芳香的

My friends and I went to the Fragrant Mount on National Day.

国庆节那天，我和我的朋友们一起去香山游玩。

名词fragrance（香味）词尾ce改为t构成形容词。

1. a great deal of大量

It took a great deal of time and effort.

那需要花费大量时间和精力。

1. faithful [5feɪθf ə l] adj. 忠实的；忠诚的

He entrusted his children to a faithful friend.

他把他的孩子嘱托给一位忠实的朋友照料。

名词faith（忠实）加上ful（形容词后缀）构成。

27. A Russian Poem俄国童谣

Since childhood, Anton had often recited poems, accompanied by pianists and violinists, at wedding ceremonies before brides and bridegrooms exchanged rings. Gradually, he found writing poems the most appropriate way to convey his joy and sorrow. When his poem Contradictory Blank won him a national championship and a scholarship to the Moscow University from a sponsor, he was just an unknown librarian. After getting his diploma, he devoted his life to writing poems. Using concrete but flexible language and the minimum of words is his style. He tried out different patterns and preferred nursery rhyme in particular. The following is a translation of one of his works made up of 3 sections:

Little sparrow with heavy load, Ran out of energy and very cold; No compass and all sweat salty, Can you go through the endless darkness? Little balloon let out by the thread, Flew over cottages and was very glad; With warmth transformed from sunlight, He said he could forever fly; Take it easy, little balloon; Don’t tease the sparrow with his wound; On the bare branch and have a rest; This diamond heart will eventually get success.

从童年时起，安东就常常在钢琴师或小提琴师的伴奏下在婚礼上朗诵诗歌，为新郎新娘交换戒指前的仪式助兴。渐渐地，他发现写诗是表达他的欢乐和悲伤的最合适方式。在他还是个寂寞无闻的图书管理员时，他的诗《矛盾的空白》就获得了全国诗歌创作冠军，并为他赢得一位赞助人提供的奖学金，到莫斯科大学深造。获得文凭后，他将一生都投入到诗歌创作中。使用具体而灵活的语言和最少的词语数量是他的风格，他还喜欢尝试不同的诗歌形式，特别是童谣。下面由三部分组成的译文就是他的作品中的一首：

小麻雀，负重担，    

小气球，脱绳系，

别紧张，小气球

筋疲力尽挡风寒，      

飞越农舍真高兴，       

别笑麻雀伤口留，

汗水成盐无指引，      

阳光给予它温暖，       

光光的树梢歇片刻，

能否穿越无边暗？      

永远高飞不费力；       

恒（钻石）心终把成功求。

重点词汇解析

1. pianist [5pɪənɪst] n. 钢琴家

He is an Austrian pianist.

他是一位奥地利钢琴家。

把piano（钢琴）去o加上ist（人物后缀）构成。

1. violinist [,vaɪə5lɪnɪst] n. 小提琴家

 Rose’s father was a talented violinist.

罗斯的父亲是一位天才的小提琴手。

violin（小提琴）加上ist（人物后缀）构成。

1. bride [braɪd] n. 新娘

Four years ago, she became his bride here.

四年前，她在这里做了他的新娘。

1. bridegroom [5braɪdgru:m] n. 新郎

He proposed a toast to both the bride and bridegroom.

他提议为新娘和新郎干杯。

1. exchange [ɪks5tʃeɪndʒ] v. 交换

I’d like to exchange this dress for one in a smaller size.

我想把这件衣服换一件小点尺寸的。

6. appropriate [ə5prəʊprɪeɪt] adj. 适当的

It would not be appropriate for me to discuss that now.

现在我不宜讨论此事。

1. convey [kən5veɪ] v. 传达; 表达

Please convey my best wishes to your parents.

请向你的父母转达我的问候。

1. sorrow [5sɒrəʊ] n. 悲伤

Words cannot express my sorrow.

语言不能表达我的悲伤。

1. contradictory [kɒntrə5dɪkt(ə)rɪ] adj. 矛盾的

n. 对立物

Customs officials have made a series of contradictory statements about the equipment.

海关人员对设备做出了一系列矛盾的陈述。

1. blank [blæŋk] adj. 空白的; n. 空白

He tore a blank page from his notebook.

他从笔记本上撕下一页白纸。

1. championship [5tʃæmpɪənʃɪp] n. 锦标赛

The table tennis championship is broadcast live to several countries.

乒乓球锦标赛在几个的国家进行现场转播。

champion（冠军）加上ship（名词后缀）构成。

1. scholarship [5skɒləʃɪp] n. 奖学金

The boy who won the scholarship was a quite outstanding student.

那个获得奖学金的男孩是个相当杰出的学生。

scholar（奖学金获得者）加上ship构成。

1. sponsor [5spɒnsə] n. 赞助人; v. 赞助

They have been sponsored by us.

他们一直得到我们的赞助。

1. librarian [laɪ5breərɪən] n. 图书管理员

The new librarian is a friend of mine.

这位新来的图书管理员是我的朋友。

把library（图书馆）的y改为ian。

1. diploma [dɪ5pləʊmə] n. 文凭

I’m hoping to get my teaching diploma this year.

我希望今年能拿到教师证书。

1. concrete [5kɒŋkri:t] adj. 具体的；混凝土的

What does that mean in concrete terms?

具体来说那到底是什么意思？

1. flexible [5fleksɪb(ə)l] adj. 灵活的；柔韧的

The government needs a more flexible approach to education.

政府在处理教育问题上需要更加灵活。

1. minimum [5mɪnɪməm] adj. 最小的; n. 最小值

This will take a minimum of one hour.

这最少要用一个小时。

1. try out试验；尝试

Have you tried out this idea?

你们试过这个设想了吗?

1. pattern [5pætən] n. 图案；模式

Weather patterns have changed in recent years.

气候模式近年已经发生了变化。

1. nursery [5nɜ:səri] n. 托儿所

She puts her baby in this nursery and then goes back to work.

她把孩子送到这家托儿所然后回去上班。

1. rhyme [raɪm] n. 韵律；韵文

The plays are in rhyme.

这些剧作是用韵文写成的。

1. in particular尤其；特别

Was there anything in particular that you wanted to talk about?

你有什么特别想谈的吗？

1. translation [træns5leɪʃən] n. 翻译

How do you improve your translation?

如何提高你的翻译水平？

1. make up of由.....组成

The medical team is made up of 5 doctors and 10 nurses.

这支医疗队是由5医生和10名护士组成的。

1. sparrow [‘spærəʊ] n. 麻雀

What is the sparrow like? 麻雀长得怎样？

1. load [ləʊd] n.&v.负载

The poor woman was loaded down with family responsibilities.

可怜的女人承受着沉重的家庭负担。

1. run out of 用完

We ran out of coal, and had to burn wood.

我们的煤用光了，只好烧柴。

1. compass [5kʌmpəs] n. 指南针

Without a compass, it is easy to lose one’s bearings in the woods.

在森林中没有指南针是容易迷失方向的。

1. salty [5sɔ:lti] adj. 咸的

The dish is too salty. 菜太咸了。

salt（盐）词尾加y构成形容词。

1. endless [5endlɪs] adj. 无止境的

The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plain without difficulty.

飞机可以毫无困难地飞过这片茫茫无际的白色原野！

1. darkness [5dɑ:knɪs] n. 黑暗

I looked around, but I could see nothing in the darkness.

我看了看四周，但在黑暗里我什么也看不见。

形容词dark（黑暗的）加上ness构成。

1. let out 放出；泄露

Don’t let the dog out in this cold weather.

在这种寒冷的天气，不要把狗放出去。

1. cottage [5kɒtɪdʒ] n. 小屋；村舍

They used to have a cottage in Scotland.

他们过去在苏格兰有间村舍。

1. warmth [wɔ:mθ] n. 温暖

Everybody could feel the warmth from the inner heart.

每个人的内心都能感受到这份温暖。

形容词warm（温暖的）加上th构成名词。

1. forever [fə5revə] adv. 永远

I think that we will live together forever.

我想我们会永远生活在一起。

1. take it easy别紧张

You should take it easy.  你应该轻松一些。

1. tease [ti:z] v. 戏弄；取笑

He teased the dog by pulling its tail.

他扯狗尾巴逗弄狗。

39. bare [beə] adj. 赤裸的

The top of the hill was bare. 小山顶上光秃秃的。

1. branch [brɑ:ntʃ] n. 分行；树枝

The bank has branches all over the country.

这家银行在全国各地都有分行。

1. diamond [5daɪəmənd] n. 钻石

Her husband bought a pair of diamond earrings for her.

他的丈夫买给她一对钻石耳环。

1. eventually [ɪ5ventʃʊəlɪ] adv. 最后

Eventually, the army caught up with him in Latvia.

部队终于在拉脱维亚追上了他。

形容词eventual（最后的）加上ly构成。

28. Let’s Help Adolescents帮助青少年

Whether they are male or female, adolescents feel like deciding on everything themselves in spite of parents’ instruction, especially when they face problems like sex, mental stress, etc., which make them feel ashamed and embarrassed. Thus they often automatically get into troubles due to their imperfect comprehension and judgement. Some are addicted to cigarettes, only several packets of which will hurt their lungs and make them breathless quickly. Others can’t quit drinking alcohol, whose harmful effects include causing young pregnant women to abort or give birth to abnormal babies. The worst is drug abuse, for the withdrawal is tough once their bodies are accustomed to the drugs. Meanwhile, those who share needles bought from illegal chemists are at great risk of being infected with desperate AIDS. If so, neither injecting nor taking pills can guarantee their survival.

However, don’t be disappointed at or have prejudice against our children so easily. After all, being awkward is an appendix of youth. As long as we strengthen communication with them instead of only banning this or banning that, we will surely help them avoid anything unfit.

不论男女，青少年们都喜欢不顾家长的指导，自己对一切作决定，特别是当他们面对如性、心理压力等等一些使他们觉得羞愧和尴尬的问题时更是如此。因此，由于他们理解力和判断力的不足，他们常常会无意识地陷入困境中。有的对香烟上瘾，只要几包就会对他们的肺造成损害，使他们很容易就气喘吁吁；有的没法戒除酒精带来的不良后果，包括造成年轻的怀孕女性流产或生下不正常的婴儿；最糟糕的是滥用毒品，因为一旦他们的身体对毒品习惯了，要想戒毒就相当困难了。同时，那些共用从非法药剂师处购买的注射器的青少年冒着感染令人绝望的艾滋病的极大风险，一旦感染上，不管是打针还是吃药都没法保证他们的生存了。

然而，请不要轻易就对我们的孩子失望或抱有偏见，毕竟，不成熟是年轻的必然附属品。只要我们加强和他们的沟通，而不是仅仅禁止这样，不准那样，我们一定能帮助他们避开不健康的东西。

重点词汇解析

1. male [meɪl] adj. 男性的

Many women earn less than their male colleagues.

许多女性挣钱比她们的男性同事少。

1. female  [5fi:meɪl] adj. 女性的

Over half of the staff is female.

半数以上的员工是女性。

1. adolescent [ˌædə5lesənt]  n. 青少年；

adj. 青春期的

The results were reported in the Journal of Adolescent Health.

这一结果在青少年健康杂志中进行了发表。

把名词adolescence（青春期）的ce改为t。

1. feel like想要

Do you feel like a cup of tea? 你想来一杯咖啡吗?

1. decide on决定

She has decided on art as a career.

她决定选择艺术为职业。

1. in spite of尽管

In spite of these insults, I managed not to get angry.

尽管遭到了这些侮辱，我尽力控制住自己没有发怒。

1. sex [seks] n. 性；性别

She continually failed to gain promotion because of her sex.

由于性别的原因，她频频得不到升职。

1. mental [5ment(ə)l] adj. 精神的

You need to develop a positive mental attitude.

你需要培养积极的心态。

1. stress [stres] n. 压力

Moving house often causes stress.

搬家常会造成压力。

1. etc. [ɪt5setərə] 等等

And then you can put those pieces of paper on your fridge, bathroom mirror etc.

然后你可以把这些纸条贴在你的冰箱上，浴室的镜子上等等。

1. ashamed [ə5ʃeɪmd] adj. 惭愧的

You should be ashamed of yourself.

你该为自己感到惭愧。

1. embarrassed [ɪm5bærəst] adj. 尴尬的

I felt embarrassed about how untidy the house was.

家里太乱了，我感到难为情。

动词embarrass词尾加上ed构成形容词。

1. automatically [ˌɔ:tə5mætɪkli] adv. 自动地

The doors opened automatically as we approached.

我们走近时，门自动开了。

形容词automatical（自动的）词尾加上ly构成。

1. get into进入

How did you get into the industry?

你是怎样进入这个行业的？

1. due to由于

She has been absent from work due to illness.

她因病没去上班。

1. comprehension [‚kɒmprɪ5henʃən] n. 理解

The research project will focus on children’s comprehension of pretence.

这项研究将集中于儿童对假象的理解。

动词comprehend（理解）词尾d改为sion。

1. judgement [5dʒʌdʒmənt] n. 判断

It shows a lack of judgement and awareness.

这体现了判断力和洞察力的匮乏。

动词judge（判断）加上ment（名词后缀）构成。

1. be addicted to对......上瘾

You should not be addicted to computer games.

你不应该沉溺于电子游戏。

1. packet [5pækɪt] v. 包装; n. 小包

Paul tore open the packet as soon as it arrived.

保罗一收到包裹就拆开了。

1. lung [lʌŋ] n. 肺

Smoking can cause lung cancer.

吸烟会引起肺癌。

1. breathless [5breθlɪs] adj. 喘不过气的

I was a little breathless and my heartbeat was bumpy and fast.

我有点上气不接下气,我的心跳不稳并且很快。

名词breath（呼吸）加上less构成形容词。

1. quit [kwɪt] v. 放弃

He has quit smoking for more than ten years.

他戒烟已经十多年了。

1. alcohol [5ælkəhɒl] n. 酒精

Do either of you smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol?

你们两个人有人抽烟喝酒吗？

1. effect [ɪ5fekt] n. 影响

My parents’divorce had a big effect on me.

父母离婚给我带来了很大的影响。

1. pregnant [5pregnənt] adj. 怀孕的

Lena got pregnant and married.

莉娜怀了孕并结了婚。

1. abort [ə5bɔ:t] v. 流产

Her lover walked out on her after she had aborted their child.

在她打掉了他们的孩子之后，她的情人离开了她。

1. abnormal [æb5nɔ:ml] adj. 反常的

My parents thought it was abnormal for a boy to be interested in ballet.

我父母认为一个男孩子对芭蕾舞感兴趣并不正常。

形容词normal（寻常的）前面加上ab（否定前缀）构成。

1. abuse [ə5bju:z] v. 滥用

I also believe that if you give someone power, eventually they’ll abuse it.

我也相信假如你赋予个一些人权力，最终他们将要滥用它。

动词use（使用）前面加上ab（否定前缀）构成。

1. withdrawal [wɪð5drɔ:əl] n. 撤退；戒毒

The research provided the experimental basis of tea caffeine applied in drug withdrawal.

为茶叶咖啡碱用于戒毒提供了实验依据。

1. tough [tʌf] adj. 艰苦的

She has had a tough life. 她的生活十分艰辛。

1. be accustomed to：习惯于

She has got accustomed to this sort of work.

她对这种工作已习惯了。

1. needle [5ni:dl] n. 针

He took a needle and thread and sewed it up.

他取来一根针和线并把它缝起来。

1. illegal [ɪ5li:gəl] adj. 非法的

It is illegal to intercept radio messages.

窃听无线电信息是违法的。

形容词legal（合法的）前加上il（否定前缀）。

1. chemist [5kemɪst] n. 化学家；药剂师

She worked as a research chemist.

她是一名化学研究员。

1. risk [rɪsk] n. 风险

The officers had run the risk of being dismissed.

官员们曾冒着被解职的风险。

1. desperate [5despərɪt] adj. 不顾一切的；令人绝望的

She was desperate with fear.

她因恐惧而感到绝望。

1. inject [ɪn5dʒekt] v. 注入；注射

His son was injected with strong drugs.

他的儿子被注射了强效的药。

1. pill [pɪl] n. 药丸

Why do I have to take all these pills?

我为什么非得全部吃了这些药丸？

1. survival [sə5vaɪvəl] n. 幸存者；幸存

A lot of small companies have to fight for survival.

很多小公司不得不挣扎求生。

1. disappointed [dɪsə5pɒɪntɪd] adj. 失望的

I was disappointed that John was not there.

我很失望约翰不在那儿。

1. prejudice [5predʒʊdɪs] n. 偏见

There is widespread prejudice against workers over 45.

对年龄超过45岁的工人有普遍的偏见。

1. awkward [‘ɔ:kwəd] adj. 尴尬的

A laugh can help people over an awkward situation.

笑可以助人化解尴尬。

1. appendix [ə5pendɪks] n. 附录；阑尾

The Appendix to this article contains instructions on splitting by size.

本文的附录包含有关按大小拆分文件的说明。

1. strengthen [5streŋθə n] v. 加强

Does this friendship strengthen me or weaken me?

这段友谊是让我变强还是变弱？

名词strength（力量）词尾加en构成。

1. ban [bæn] n. 禁令；禁忌; v. 禁止

He faces a lifetime ban from athletics.

他面临终身禁赛的处罚。

1. unfit [ʌn5fɪt] adj. 不适宜的

James is unfit for public office.

James不适合担任公职。

形容词fit（合适的）前面加上un构成。

29. Refresh Our Environment恢复环境生机

As the director stated on behalf of his researching group, the data of this graph makes a clear presentation of the future environmental tendency. On one hand, the quantity of fuel keeps on decreasing by 9% per year while the growth of a wide range of pollution has been a global trend. On the other hand, the mildly but steadily going up of the average temperature is resulting in catastrophes like widespread floods. Without disagreement, they subscribe to the view that it is humans’ existence and their randomly consuming energy that result in this phenomenon.

Many people have a commitment that developing nuclear power or energy from outer space will stop bad consequences coming about. However, scientists and educators are opposed to this view even if our needs may be met on the whole. They tend to advocate refreshing our circumstances by saving energy and recycling waste. It is suggested that we use energy-saving appliances such as electrical motors, microwaves and so on and not be casual about little things like recycling a can. So please glance around and see what you can do. So long as everybody makes contribution, we will not have to put up with this problem anymore.

正如那位主任代表他的研究小组所说明的那样，这张图表的数据清楚地描述了未来环境的趋势：一方面，燃料的数量以每年9%的速度持续减少，同时，大范围污染的增长已经成为一种全球趋势；另一反面，平均气温轻微却稳定地升高正在造成像广泛的洪涝那样的灾难。无不同意地，他们一致赞成是人类的存在和任意的消耗能源才造成了这一现象。

许多人都信奉开发核能和外太空能源会防止糟糕的后果发生的理论，然而，即使这样可以基本上满足我们的需要，科学家和教育家们仍然反对这一观点。他们更倾向于拥护用节省能源和回收废料的方法恢复环境生机，并建议我们要使用节省能源的器具，如电力发动机、微波炉等，还建议我们不要对如回收罐子这种小事漫不经心。因此，看看你身边是否有你能做的事，只要每个人都作出贡献，我们就不必再忍受这个问题的困扰了。

重点词汇解析

1. state [steɪt] v. 声明; n. 州

He stated his views to me.

他向我说明了他的观点。

1. on behalf of 代表

He spoke on behalf of all the members of the faculty and staff.

他代表全体教职员工讲了话。

1. data [5deɪtə] n. 数据

These data are summarized in Table 5.

对这些数据的概述见表五。

datum（数据）的复数形式。

1. graph [grɑ:f] n. 图表

Martin showed me a graph of their recent sales.

马丁给我看了他们最近销售情况的图表。

1. presentation  [‚prezən5teɪʃən] n. 描述

My presentation should clarify any questions that you might have.

我的陈述应该可以澄清你可能有的疑问。

动词present（介绍；呈现）词尾加ation构成。

1. environmental [ɪnvaɪrən5mentl] adj. 环境的

It protects against environmental hazards such as wind and sun.

它防范诸如狂风和烈日等环境危害。

名词environment（环境）词尾加al构成形容词。

1. tendency [5tendənsi] n. 趋势

There is an increasing tendency for women to have children later in life.

女性晚育趋势不断上升。

1. quantity [5kwɒntɪtɪ] n. 数量

We’ve always put quality before quantity.

我们总是认为质量比数量重要。

1. fuel [5fju:əl] n. 燃料

Coal is one of the cheapest fuels.

煤是最廉价的燃料之一。

1. keep on继续

He kept on until the work was finished.

他一直坚持把工作干完。

1. per [pɜ:] 每prep.

How much does it cost per kilo?

每公斤多少钱？

1. growth [grəʊθ] n. 成长

Vitamins are essential for healthy growth.

维生素是健康成长所必需的。

动词grow词尾加上th（名词后缀）构成。

1. range [reɪndʒ]  n. 范围

The average age range is between 35 and 55.

平均年龄范围是35至55岁。

1. pollution [pə5lu:ʃən]  n. 污染

The fine was for the company’s pollution of the air near its plants.

公司被罚款是因为它的工厂污染了周围的空气。

1. trend [trend] n. 趋势

The growing trend is for single mothers to bring up children by themselves.

单身母亲独自抚养孩子的趋势在上升。

1. mildly [5maɪldlɪ] adv. 温和地

But not all the money, to put it mildly, has been used wisely.

但是说得委婉些，并不是所有的钱都用得很明智。

形容词mild（温和的）词尾加ly构成。

1. steadily [5stedɪlɪ] adv. 稳定地

Our production goes steadily up.

我们的生产稳步上升。

形容词steady（稳定的）去y为i再加ly。

1. go up增长；上涨

Interest rates went up. 利率上涨了。

1. average [5ævərɪdʒ] n. 平均; adj. 平均的

The average of 3, 8, and 10 is 7.

3, 8, 10的平均数为7。

1. result in 导致；结果是

The football match resulted in goalless draw.

这场足球比赛结果是零比零。

1. catastrophe [kə5tæstrəfɪ] n. 大灾难

From all points of view, war would be a catastrophe.

从各个方面来看，战争都会是一场灾难。

1. widespread [5waɪdspred] adj. 普遍的adj.

There was widespread support for the war.

人们普遍支持这场战争。

1. flood [flʌd] n. 洪灾

The village was cut off by floods.

那个村子因洪水而与外界中断了联系。

1. disagreement [‚dɪsə5ɡri:mənt] n. 不同意

Britain and France have expressed some disagreement with the proposal.

英、法两国已表示了对这项提议的一些反对意见。

agreement（同意）前面加上dis构成。

1. subscribe [səb5skraɪb] v. 赞成

I will subscribe to your decision.

我会赞同你的决定。

1. existence [ɪɡ5zɪstəns] n. 存在

The organization has been in existence for 25 years.

该组织已存在25年了。

动词exist（存在）词尾加ence构成。

1. randomly [5rændəmlɪ] adv. 任意地；随意地

Drinks and magazines are left scattered randomly around.

饮料和杂志被随意四处散落。

形容词random（随意的）词尾加上ly构成。

1. consume [kən5sju:m] v. 消耗

She consumes much of her time in studying.

她把很多时间用在学习上。

consumer消费者

1. phenomenon [fɪ5nɒmɪnən] n. 现象

Language is a social and cultural phenomenon.

语言是一种社会文化现象。

1. commitment [kə5mɪtmənt] n. 承诺

We made a commitment to keep working together.

我们作了承诺要继续在一起工作。

commit（犯罪）词尾加上ment构成。

1. nuclear [5njuːklɪə] adj. 原子能的；原子核的

They rejected a demand for the removal of all nuclear weapons.

他们拒绝了清除所有核武器的要求。

1. outer [5aʊtə] adj. 外面的

He heard a voice in the outer room.

他听到外屋有人声。

1. consequence [5kɒnsɪkwəns] n. 结果

Maternity services were to be reduced as a consequence of falling birth rates.

孕产服务因下降的出生率而将被削减。

1. come about发生

How did the accident come about?

这个事故是怎么发生的?

1. educator [5edʒʊkeɪtə] n. 教育家

As an educator, I want to see my students succeed.

作为一名教育者，我想看到我的学生获得成功。

动词educate（教育）去e加上or构成。

1. be opposed to反对

For all of these reasons, I would be opposed to the construction of a new factory near my community.

基于这些理由，我反对在社区附近兴建新的工厂。

1. even if 即使

Even if it should rain tomorrow, we will continue our work.

即使明天下雨，我们也要继续工作。

1. on the whole基本上

Our opinions are on the whole the same.

我们的意见基本上是一样的。

1. tend to 倾向

He tends towards my opinion on this matter.

在这件事上他倾向于我的意见。

1. advocate[5ædvəkeɪt] v. 拥护

She advocated higher salaries for teachers.

她主张教师高薪。

1. refresh [rɪ5freʃ] v. 更新

The supply ship refreshed the submarines between battles.

补给船利用战斗间隙给潜水艇以新的供应品。

1. circumstance [5sɜ:kəmstəns] n. 环境；情况

He was a victim of circumstance.

他是客观环境的牺牲品。

1. appliance [ə5plaɪəns] n. 器具

There’s plenty of space for all the usual kitchen appliances.

有足够的空间摆放各种日常厨房器具。

1. electrical motor电力发动机

The driver of the electrical motor is the key part of an electrical automobile.

电机驱动器是轮毂电机电动汽车的重要部件。

1. microwave [5maɪkrəweɪv] n. 微波；微波炉

I’ll heat it up in the microwave.

我来把它用微波炉热一热。

微波就是微小的（micro）波（wave）。

1. and so on等等

Fire burns us but we can cook with it, and so on.

火可以灼伤我们，但我们可以用它来烹饪，等等。

1. casual [5kæʒuəl] adj. 随便的

Jean felt more comfortable in casual clothes.

琼穿上便服感到更舒服。

1. can [kæn] n. 罐头

Several young men were kicking a tin can along the middle of the road.

几个小伙子正在马路中间踢着一个锡罐。

1. glance [glɑ:ns] v.&n. 扫视

She glanced shyly at him. 她羞涩地看了他一眼。

1. so long as只要

So long as they follow me I guide and protect my sheep.

只要跟着我，它们就能得到我的引领和保护。

1. contribution [‚kɒntrɪ5bjuːʃən] n. 贡献

Wolko made outstanding contributions to children’s medicine.

沃尔科为儿童医学作出了杰出的贡献。

动词contribute去e再加tion名词

1. put up with忍受

I’ll have to put up with the noise till I move next week.

我下周就要搬了,在此之前,我还是得忍受这种噪音。

30. A Volcano Eruption火山爆发

As the best candidate, I was appointed to collect and evaluate information for a database about diverse natural disasters, such as hurricanes, typhoons or thunderstorms. Sometimes I did this by giving out questionnaires to those who went through them. But sometimes I had to go through actual disasters myself. The Musaki Volcano was one of them.

At that time, I lived in a bungalow alongside the volcano with a novelist, who came for the appreciation of its eruption. One day, when I was drawing diagrams on the balcony and he was bathing inside, the volcano erupted unexpectedly. The ash and lava fountains shooting highly in the sky varied from 50 to 100 meters in height. It was absolutely fantastic! I even noticed a rainbow appear in the fog caused by a heat wave.

But, glancing through our surroundings, I foresaw the potential danger and found no guarantee of our safety. The uncomfortable gas almost made us unconscious. Sweats of anxiety began to drop. Managing to stop panicking and trembling, we quickly put on our protective suits, helmets and boots and eventually made our way to a safe place. How lucky we were even though my precious equipment and documents were all burnt to the ground!

作为最好的候选人，我被委派为一个数据库收集和评估各种自然灾害的信息，例如飓风、台风或雷暴等。有时我通过向经历过这些灾害的人分发调查问卷来收集信息，有时却得亲自经历实际的灾害。Musaki火山就是其中之一。

那时，我和一名来欣赏火山爆发的小说家同住在火山边上的一座平房里。有一天，当我正在阳台上画图表而他在屋里洗澡时，火山突然爆发了，喷射到天空中的火山灰和岩浆喷泉从50米到100米不等，这一情景绝对地奇异，我甚至还注意到一条彩虹出现在热浪造成的雾里。

然而，我向四周看了一下，马上预见到了潜在的危险，也发现了我们的安全毫无保障。令人不舒服的气体几乎使我们失去知觉，忧虑的汗水开始流淌下来。我们努力使自己不要惊慌和颤抖，迅速穿上保护套装、头盔和靴子，最后成功前往安全的地方。尽管我珍贵的设备和文件都烧得精光，但是我们真的非常幸运。

重点词汇解析

1. candidate [5kændɪdeɪt] n. 候选人

There are only three candidates for the job.

这份工作只有三个人申请。

1. appoint [ə5pɒɪnt] v. 任命

 It made sense to appoint a banker to this job.

任命一位银行家做这项工作是合理的。

1. evaluate [ɪ5væljʊeɪt] v. 评估；评价

Don’t evaluate people by their clothes.

不要根据衣着来评价人。

1. database [5deɪtəbeɪs] n. 数据库

The state maintains a database of names of people allowed to vote.

该州有一个可以投票的人的姓名数据库。

1. diverse [daɪ5vɜ:s] adj. 多种多样的

The building houses a wide and diverse variety of antiques.

这栋楼里摆放着大量各式各样的古董。

1. hurricane [5hʌrɪkən] n. 飓风

Many buildings were demolished by a hurricane.  

许多房屋被飓风摧毁。

1. typhoon [taɪ5fu:n] n. 台风

The typhoon left chaos behind it. 台风后一片混乱。

1. thunderstorm [5θʌndəstɔ:m] n. 雷暴雨

The weather forecast says it’s going to be a thunderstorm tomorrow.

天气预报明天有暴风雨。

1. questionnaire [‚kwestʃə5neə] n. 问卷

Teachers will be asked to fill in a questionnaire.

教师们将被要求填写一份调查问卷。

1. actual [5æktʃuəl] adj. 实际的

I’m not joking. Those were his actual words.

我没开玩笑，那都是他的原话。

1. volcano [vɒl5keɪnəʊ] n. 火山

The volcano erupted last year killing about 600 people.

去年那座火山喷发导致大约六百人丧生。

1. bungalow [5bʌŋgələʊ] n. 平房

A bungalow is a small house with one or two bedrooms and usually one bathroom.

平房是小房子,有一个或两个卧室,通常有一个浴室。

1. alongside [əlɒŋ5saɪd] adv. 在旁边

He waited several minutes for a car to pull up alongside.

他等了几分钟等一辆车停靠在旁边。

1. novelist [5nɒvəlɪst] n. 小说家

The young man is so lucky that he is taken up by a famous novelist.

这个年轻人很走运，他得到了一位著名小说家的指教。

novel（小说）词尾加上ist（人物后缀）构成。

1. appreciation [əˌpri:ʃi5eɪʃə n] n. 欣赏；感激

The chairman asked me to express our appreciation of all your hard work.

主席要我对大家的努力表示感谢。

动词appreciate（欣赏；感激）

1. eruption [ɪ5rʌpʃən] n. 爆发

The last eruption of this volcano lasted over a year.

该火山上次爆发持续了一年。

动词erupt词尾加上tion构成名词。

1. diagram [5daɪəgræm] n. 图表

Compare this diagram with the one you used in the previous article.

将这个图表与前一篇文章中所使用的图表进行比较。

1. balcony [5bælkəni] n. 阳台

Has your flat got a balcony? 你的公寓有阳台吗？

1. bath [bɑ:θ] v. 洗澡; n. 沐浴

Have a shower instead of a bath.

别泡澡了，洗淋浴吧。

1. erupt [ɪ5rʌpt] v. 爆发

Molten lava erupted from the top of the volcano.

熔岩从火山顶喷了出来。

1. ash [æʃ] n. 灰

The house burnt to ashes. 那房子烧成了灰烬。

1. fountain [5faʊntən] n. 喷泉

The fountain wells its cold water.

喷泉涌出清凉的泉水。

1. shoot [ʃu:t] v.&n.射击

The police had orders to shoot anyone who attacked them.

警察得到命令可以向任何袭击他们的人开枪。

1. vary from...to...：从....到.....不同

Many of these factors vary from city to city and region to region.

许多要素因城市和地区的差异而有所不同。

1. absolutely [5æbsəlu:tlɪ] adv. 绝对地

I absolutely refuse to get married.

我绝对拒绝结婚。

形容词absolute（绝对的）加上ly构成副词

1. rainbow [5reɪnbəʊ] n. 彩虹

If you are lucky, you can see a vivid rainbow across over two peaks.

如果你幸运的话， 你可以看到跨越两座山峰的鲜艳的彩虹。

1. fog [fɒg] n. 雾

The crash happened in thick fog.

这次撞车发生在浓雾中。

1. wave [weɪv] n. 波浪; v. 挥动

You can hear the sound of the waves breaking on the shore.

你能听到波浪拍打海岸的声响。

1. potential [pə5tenʃəl] adj. 潜在的

The company has identified 60 potential customers.

该公司已确定了60位潜在的客户。

1. guarantee [‚ɡærən5ti:] n.&v.保证

A famous old name on a firm is not necessarily a guarantee of quality.

公司的老字号并不一定能保证质量。

1. uncomfortable [ʌn5kʌmftəbl] adj. 不舒服的

Wigs are hot and uncomfortable to wear constantly.

假发常戴让人感到又热又不舒服。

形容词comfortable（舒服的）开头加上un构成。

1. unconscious [ʌn5kɒnʃəs] adj. 无意识的

By the time the ambulance arrived he was unconscious.

救护车赶到时他已神志不清。

形容词conscious（神志清醒的）开头加上un。

1. sweat [swet] n. 汗水; v. 流汗

Sweat poured down his face. 他满头大汗。

1. anxiety [æŋ5zaɪətɪ] n. 焦虑

Her voice was full of anxiety.

她的声音饱含焦虑。

1. panic [5pænɪk] n. 恐慌

The whole nation is in a state of panic following the attacks.

袭击过后整个国家一片恐慌。

1. tremble [5trembl] v.&n. 颤抖

The children trembled with fright.

孩子们被吓得发抖。

1. suit [sju:t] n. 套装; v. 合适

Red suits you very well. 红色衣服适于你穿。

1. helmet [5helmɪt] n. 头盔

All visitors to the site must wear safety helmet.

到工地的所有参观者必须带上安全帽。

1. boot [bu:t] n. 靴子

He reached down and pulled off his boots.

他弯腰脱掉了靴子。

1. make one’s way to前进

The team slowly made their way back to base.

球队慢慢地返回基地。

1. precious [5preʃəs] adj. 宝贵的

We cannot afford to waste precious time.

我们浪费不起宝贵的时间。

1. equipment [ɪ5kwɪpmənt] n. 设备

Make sure all equipment is properly labelled.

务必正确标示所有设备。

动词equip（装备）加上ment（名词后缀）构成。

1. document [5dɒkjʊmənt] n. 文件

When you are finished typing, remember to save your document.

输入完毕后，要记着保存文档。

1. burn to the ground全部焚毁

The Air Force was looking for a better way to burn Japanese cities to the ground.

空军正煞费苦心地寻找一种效率更高的办法以彻底烧毁日本的城市。

31. Defeat Disability战胜残疾

Yang’s ambition was to get an architect certificate or become a bowling master. But when he was conducting experiments with a microscope in the basement, a tank on the bench exploded, sending him flying outwards through the exit. He was out of breath while knowing he lost his eyesight as well as 70% of his hearing. In other words, he was disabled.

Feeling clumsy, he was annoyed at first though nobody made fun of him. He cut out going outdoors and just sat around at home talking to his parrot or tortoise silently. His sister resigned to help him in many ways. Her assistance and encouragement were so beneficial to his psychology that he adapted to his disability soon and became outgoing again. In a college accessible to him, he studied politics and literature. He always sat in the front row near the entry without any absence and, with the help of his handy laptop, he studied well by means of dictation. His thesis, Abolishing Slavery, met with all professors’ approval. After class, he and his companions often played drum music, which was noisy but suitable for his hearing. After graduation, he made high profits by designing software for a firm. All in all, in his community, he won his dignity and people’s congratulations.

He always wished all the best to his disabled fellows and encouraged them, “Never mind! All you have is adequate to get your achievement.”

阳的雄心是，要么获得一张建筑师证书，要么成为一名保龄球高手。但是在地下室里的显微镜下进行试验时，放在长凳上的一只大桶突然爆炸，把他从出口处炸飞了出去。当知道自己除了失去70%的听力之外，还失去了视力时，他完全喘不过气来。换句话说，他残疾了。最初，尽管没人取笑他，他还是非常气恼于自己的笨拙。他取消了外出，总是在家里闲坐，和他的鹦鹉和乌龟默默相对。他的姐姐辞了职，用许多方式帮助他。她的帮助和鼓励对他的心理是如此地有益，以致他很快就适应了自己的残疾，再次变得外向起来。他在一所接受他就读的学校里学习政治和文学，总是坐在靠近入口的前排，从不缺席。在他轻便好用的手提电脑的帮助下，他用听写的方式学习得很好。他的论文《废除奴隶制》受到所有教授的一致认可。课后，他和伙伴们还常常演奏大声却适合他听觉的鼓乐。毕业后，他通过设计软件为一家公司获得很高的利润。总之，在他的社区里，他赢得了自己的尊严和人们的祝贺。他一直都把所有最好祝愿给予他残疾的同伴，并鼓励他们：“没关系，你拥有的一切一定足够你取得自己的成就！”

重点词汇解析

1. ambition [æm5bɪʃən] n. 野心；雄心

Even when I was young I never had any ambition.

即使当我年轻的时候我也从未有过什么雄心。

1. architect [5ɑ:kɪtekt] n. 建筑师

The building was constructed from the design of that architect.

这幢大楼是按那位建筑师的设计建造的。

1. certificate [sə5tɪfɪkət] n. 证书

The pastor showed the marriage certificate to all of the guests.

牧师向所有来宾展示了他们的结婚证书。

1. bowling [5bəʊlɪŋ] n. 保龄球

Do you want to go bowling with us Friday?

星期五想和我们一起去打保龄球吗？

1. conduct [kən5dʌkt] v. 进行；导电

Most plastics do not readily conduct electricity.

大多数塑料都不容易导电。

1. microscope [5maɪkrəskəʊp] n. 显微镜

Each sample was examined through a microscope.

每个样本都用显微镜进行了检测。

1. basement [5beɪsmənt] n. 地下室

Several candles lightened the darkness of the basement.

几支蜡烛照亮了黑暗的地下室。

base（基地）加上ment（名词后缀）构成。

1. tank [tæŋk] n. 坦克；箱

The water tank is leaking. 水箱在漏水。

1. bench [bentʃ] 长凳n.

We sat on a park bench. 我们坐在公园的长椅上。

1. outwards [5aʊtwədz] adv. 向外地

The door opens outwards. 这门是朝外开的。

1. exit [5eksɪt] n. 出口

He picked up the case and walked toward the exit.

他提起箱子朝出口走去。

1. out of breath上气不接下气

When I hurried to school, I was almost out of breath.

当我赶到学校时几乎是上气不接下气。

1. eyesight [5aɪsaɪt] n. 视力

Eagles have very keen eyesight.

鹰的视力非常敏锐。

1. as well as也；不但......而且......

She can play tennis as well as basketball.

她也会打篮球，也会打网球。

1. hearing [5hɪərɪŋ] n. 听力

His mind still seemed clear and his hearing was excellent.

他的头脑看来依然清醒，而且听力极好。

1. in other words换句话说

In other words, what have I been afraid of all this time?

换句话说，我这一直以来害怕的到底是什么呀？

1. disabled [dɪs5eɪbld] adj. 残疾的

There are toilet facilities for the disabled.

有供残疾人使用的盥洗设施。

1. clumsy [5klʌmzi] adj. 笨拙的

A clumsy waiter spilled wine all over her new skirt.

一名笨手笨脚的服务员把葡萄酒洒得她新裙子上到处都是。

1. annoyed [ə5nɒɪd] adj. 恼怒的

Mr Davies was annoyed that the books were missing.

戴维斯先生因为那些书不见了而生气。

动词annoy（惹恼）词尾加ed构成形容词。

1. make fun of取笑

Do not make fun of anyone for any reason.

不要因为任何原因去取笑别人。

1. cut out切断；删除

You should cut out the unimportant details.

你应当删除掉这些不重要的细节。

1. sit around无所事事

Don’t just sit around waiting for that moment

别坐在那里无所事事地等待那个时刻的来临。

1. parrot [5pærət] n. 鹦鹉

Could you please take care of my parrot when I am out.

我不在的时候，你能否替我照看一下我的鹦鹉？

1. tortoise [5tɔ:təs] n. 乌龟

The tortoise crept along at a very slow speed.

乌龟以极慢的速度向前爬。

1. resign [rɪ5zaɪn] v.&n. 辞职

He resigned his post as chief engineer.

他辞去了总工程师的职务。

1. in many ways 用许多方法；在很多方面

Working at home makes sense in many ways.

在家工作从很多方面来说都是合理的。

1. assistance [ə5sɪstəns] n. 援助

Can I be of any assistance? 我能有所帮助吗？

1. encouragement [ɪn5kʌrɪdʒmənt] n. 鼓励

Friends gave me a great deal of encouragement.

朋友们给了我极大的鼓励。

动词encourage（鼓励）词尾加上ment构成。

1. beneficial [ˌbenɪ5fɪʃəl] adj. 有益的

Cycling is highly beneficial to health and the environment.

骑自行车对于身体和环境都大有裨益。

benefit（利益；受益）词尾t改为cial。

30. psychology [saɪ5kɒlədʒɪ] n. 心理学

At present we do not have programmes for clinical psychology.

目前，我们没有任何关于临床心理学的规划。

1. adapted to适应

The children are finding it hard to adapt to the new school.

孩子们觉得很难适应新学校。

1. disability [dɪsə5bɪlɪtɪ] n. 残疾

Facilities for people with disabilities are still insufficient.

供残疾人使用的设施仍然不足。

ability（能力）前面加上dis构成。

1. outgoing [5aʊtgəʊɪŋ] adj. 开朗的

She’s very outgoing. 她非常开朗。

1. accessible [ək5sesɪb(ə)l] adj. 易接近的

The centre is easily accessible to the general public.

该中心对于广大公众来讲很便利。

1. politics [5pɒlətɪks] n. 政治

He began studying politics and history.

他开始学习政治学和历史。

1. literature [5lɪtərətʃə] n. 文学；文学作品

He has read many of the major works of literature.

他读过许多重要的文学作品。

1. row [rəʊ] n. 行；排; v. 划船

The children were asked to stand in a row.

孩子们被要求站成一列。

1. entry [5entrɪ] n. 进入

Harry made his entry into the village.

哈里进了村子。

1. absence [5æbsəns] n. 缺席

Her work involved repeated absences from home.

她的工作使她经常不在家。

把absent（缺席的）词尾t改为ce。

1. handy [5hændɪ] adj. 便利的

It’s very handy having a light above your desk.

书桌上方有盏灯很有用。

1. laptop [5læptɒp] n. 笔记本电脑

She used to take a laptop with her.

她过去总随身带着笔记本。

过去人们经常把笔记本电脑放在大腿（lap）上方（top）进行操作。

1. dictation [dɪk5teɪʃən] n. 听写

I hate doing French dictations.

我讨厌做法语听写。

动词dictate（听写）去e再加tion构成。

1. abolish [ə5bɒlɪʃ] v. 废除

An Illinois House committee voted Thursday to abolish the death penalty.

伊利诺伊州议院的一个委员会在星期四投票废除了死刑。

1. slavery [5sleɪvəri] n. 奴隶

My people have survived 400 years of slavery.

我的民族历经400年的奴隶制度后幸存了下来。

slave（奴隶）词尾加上ry构成。

1. meet with获得

Her ideas have met with support from doctors and health professionals.

她的想法得到了医生和医疗保健专业人员的支持。

1. approval [ə5pru:vəl] n. 认可；批准

The testing and approval of new drugs will be speeded up.

新药的检测与审批将会加速。

1. companion [kəm5pænjən] n. 同伴

His dog became his closest companion.

他的狗成了他最亲密的伙伴。

动词company（陪伴）去y再加ion构成名词。

1. drum [drʌm] n. 鼓；v. 击鼓

Jack drums for the school band.

杰克为学校乐队打鼓。

1. noisy [5nɔɪzɪ] adj. 喧闹的

The bar was very noisy. 酒吧里非常嘈杂。

名词noise（噪音）去e为y。

1. suitable [5su:təb ə l] adj. 合适的

The diet should be suitable, being neither too rich nor too meagre.

饮食应该适当，既不能太油腻也不能太粗淡。

动词suit（适合）加上able（形容词后缀）构成。

1. graduation [‚ɡrædʒu5eɪʃən] n. 毕业

They asked what his plans were after graduation.

他们问他毕业后有何打算。

动词graduate（毕业）去e加上tion构成。

1. profit [5prɒfɪt] n. 利润; v. 获利

He has profited by selling his holdings to other investors.

他已通过将他所持有的卖给其他投资者们而获利。

1. software [5sɒftweə] n. 软件

She loaded the new software.

她给电脑装上新的软件。

1. firm [fɜ:m] adj. 坚定的; n. 公司

She had to be firm with him. “I don’t want to see you again.”

她不得不坚定地对他说：“我再也不想见到你。”

1. all in all总而言之

All in all, it had been one of the most miserable days of Henry’s life.

总的说来，这是亨利一生中最痛苦的日子之一。

1. community [kə5mju:nətɪ] n. 社区

He’s well liked by people in the community.

他很受社区人们的喜爱。

把communism（共产主义）的sm改为ty。

1. dignity [5dɪgnɪtɪ] n. 尊严

Patients should be allowed to die with dignity.

应该允许病人死得有尊严。

1. congratulation [kən,grætʃə5leʃən] n. 祝贺

Congratulations on your interesting article.

祝贺你，文章写得很有趣！

动词congratulate去e再加ion构成名词。

1. all the best万事如意

All the best in your new job!

祝你在新的工作岗位上一切顺利。

1. fellow [5feləʊ] n.家伙；同事

He stood out in terms of competence from all his fellows.

他在能力方面比他所有同事都突出。

1. never mind没关系；别介意

Never mind about that. 不必对此介意。

1. adequate [5ædɪkwət] adj. 充足的

Are the parking facilities adequate for 50 cars?

停车设施是否够50辆车停放？

32．Happy Marriage Needs Fighting For

幸福的婚姻需要争取

As a talented navy officer, he was bound to be busy. When his wife rang him up to declare her divorce alarm, he was still scanning a digital counter to check the data so as to give an assessment of the theoretical framework for a biochemical weapon. His junior staff’s sympathy made him feel embarrassed.

His wife was a part-time clerk. With his high bonus, she lived in a grand house with elegant cushions and bedding. Her favour was reading stars’ biographies or absurd fictions with endless chapters in her armchair. People envied her leisure life very much. But in fact, she was tired of being left alone. She sent emails to his mailbox every week to state her thinking and ask for his accompaniment, but never received reply of satisfaction. Tired of his explanation that he must obey the orders, she filed for divorce.

Because he desired to get their holy affection back, he set other affairs aside. He trimmed his fingernails short and changed his overweight figure as well as his awful haircut. He wore an apron to prepare delicious cuisine for her. He also bought her a necklace and piles of flowers hoping that their receiver could turn around.

After being tested out for 3 months in all, he eventually succeeded.

作为一名才华出众的海军军官，他注定是要忙碌的。当他的妻子打来电话宣布和他离婚的警告时，他还在查看一台数码计数器核对数据，以对一种生物化学武器的理论框架做出评估。他的下级职员表现出的同情使他很尴尬。

他的妻子是一位非全日性工作的职员，有了他的高津贴，她住在一所装饰有优雅垫子和寝具的富丽堂皇的屋子里。她的爱好是坐在扶手椅上读读明星们的传记或一些有没完没了章节的荒谬小说。别人都很妒忌她安逸的生活，但是实际上，她厌透了被独自丢下。她每周都给他的邮箱发电子邮件陈述她的想法，要求他的陪伴，但却从未收到满意答复。受够了他总是必须服从命令的解释，她提出了离婚。

因为渴望重新获得这份神圣的爱，他把别的事务都放在一边。他剪短了指甲，改变了超重的身材和糟糕的发型，还穿上围裙为她做可口的菜肴，他甚至还给她买了项链和成堆的鲜花，希望它们的接受者能够回心转意。

在被考验了总共3个月后，他最终成功了。

重点词汇解析

1. talented [5tæləntɪd] adj. 有才华的

Howard is a talented pianist.

霍华德是一名有天赋的钢琴家。

名词talent（才华）词尾加ed构成形容词。

1. navy [5neɪvɪ] n. 海军; adj. 深蓝色的

He joined the navy during the war.

他在战争期间参加了海军。

1. be bound to必然；一定要

Moreover, they would be bound to retaliate.

此外，他们势必要进行报复。

1. ring sb. up打电话给某人

Remember to ring me up when you arrive there.

当你到那里时记得打电话给我。

1. declare [dɪ5kleə] v. 宣布

The governor declared a state of emergency.

州长宣布紧急状态。

1. divorce [dɪ5vɔ:s] n.&v. 离婚

Numerous marriages now end in divorce.

现在许多婚姻都以离婚而告终。

1. alarm [ə5lɑ:m] n. 警报；闹钟

I’ve set the alarm for 7 o’clock.

我把闹钟设在7点钟。

1. scan [skæn] v. 扫描；浏览

She scanned the advertisement pages of the newspapers.

她浏览了报纸的广告页。

1. digital [5dɪdʒɪt(ə)l] adj. 数字的

When do people actually read their news on digital devices?

人们在什么时间利用数字设备进行阅读？

名词digit（数字）后面加上al构成形容词。

1. counter [5kaʊntə] n. 计数器；柜台

The new answering machine has a call counter.

这种新型的电话答录机有一个通话计数器。

1. assessment [ə5sesmənt] n. 评定；评估

There is little assessment of the damage to the natural environment.

几乎没有有关自然环境破坏的评估。

动词assess（评定）词尾加ment构成。

1. theoretical [θɪə5retɪkəl] adj. 理论上的

These risks are not merely theoretical.

这并不只是理论上的风险。

记忆：theoretical=theoretic

1. framework [5freɪmwɜ:k] n. 框架；结构

This paper provides a framework for future research.

这篇论文为今后的研究提供了一个框架。

1. biochemical [,baɪəʊ5kemɪkl] adj. 生物化学的

Starvation brings biochemical changes in the body.

饥饿引起体内的生化变化。

bio（代表生物）加上chemical（化学的）。

1. junior [5dʒu:nɪə] adj. 年少的；下级的

A handful of junior officers were made to bear responsibility for the incident.

几名下级军官被迫对此事件负责。

1. staff [sta:f] n. 职员

The staff were very good. 员工们都很棒。

1. sympathy [5sɪmpəθɪ] n. 同情

We expressed our sympathy for her loss.

我们对她的损失表示了同情。

1. part-time [,pɑ:t5taɪm] adj. 兼职的

Part-time work is generally hard to find.

兼职工作一般很难找。

1. clerk [klɑ:k] n. 职员；办事员

She was offered a job as a clerk with a travel agency.

她找到了在一家旅行社做文书的工作。

1. bonus [5bəʊnəs] n. 奖金；红利

Each worker receives an annual bonus.

每个员工都可获得一笔年度奖金。

1. grand [grænd] adj. 宏伟的

The grand opera has really clicked with young people.

这出大歌剧博得年轻人的好评。

1. elegant [5elɪɡənt] adj. 优雅的

She looked beautiful and elegant as usual.

她看上去跟往常一样美丽优雅。

1. cushion [5kʊʃən] n. 垫子

The cushion is very comfortable and fits on most chairs.

这个垫子很舒服，适合大部分的椅子。

1. bedding [5bedɪŋ] n. 寝具

Bedding was strewn on the floor and dirty teacups stacked in a corner.

寝具散在地板上，脏兮兮的茶具塞在角落里。

1. favour [5feɪvə] n. 偏爱；善行

I’ve come to ask you to do me a favour.

我是来请你帮我一个忙的。

1. biography [baɪ5ɒgrəfɪ] n. 传记

It is the first biography to make full use of the Chiang family archive.

这本书是第一本充分利用蒋氏家族档案写作的传记。

1. absurd [əb5sɜ:d] adj. 荒谬的

It seems an absurd idea. 这似乎是个荒唐的想法。

1. fiction [5fɪkʃən] n. 小说

This novel is a horror fiction.

这本小说是一本恐怖小说。

1. chapter [5tʃæptə] n. 章节

Read Chapter 11 as your homework.

家庭作业是阅读第 11 章。

1. armchair [5ɑ:mtʃeə] n. 扶手椅

She sat down in an armchair and crossed her legs.

她在一个扶手椅上坐下来，并把两条腿交叉起来。

1. envy [5envɪ] v. 嫉妒

Envy never enriches any man.

光是妒忌，不会变富；妒忌无益。

1. leave alone不打扰；不理会

Leave her alone. She is in a mood now.

别惹她，她现在情绪不好。

1. mailbox [5meɪlbɒks] n. 邮箱

Steve had picked up all the ballots and dropped them in the nearest mailbox.

史蒂夫把所有的选票收集起来，然后把它们放入了最近的邮筒里。

1. state [steɪt] v. 说明; n. 州

He stated his views to me. 他向我说明了他的观点。

1. thinking [5θɪŋkɪŋ] n. 想法

My thinking always lags behind reality.

我的思想老落后于现实。

1. accompaniment [ə5kʌmpənimənt] n. 伴奏；伴随

They were exercising to the accompaniment of cheerful music.

他们在欢快的乐曲声中锻炼。

1. satisfaction [‚sætɪs5fækʃən] n. 满意

Both sides expressed satisfaction with the progress so far.

双方都对目前的进展表示满意。

1. obey [əʊ5beɪ] v. 服从

You must obey her without question.

你必须绝对服从她的命令。

1. desire [dɪ5zaɪə] v. 渴望；要求

We all desire happiness and health.

我们都渴望幸福和健康。

1. holy [5həʊlɪ] adj. 神圣的

To them, this is a holy place.

对他们来说，这里是个神圣的地方。

1. affection [ə5fekʃən] n. 喜爱；感情

Bart had a deep affection for the old man.

巴特对这位老人有很深的感情。

1. affair [ə5feə] n. 事情；事物

Are you interested in world affairs?

你对世界大事感兴趣吗？

1. fingernail [5fɪŋɡəneɪl] n. 手指甲

It takes about 150 days to grow out a full length fingernail.

大约150天的时间就可以长一个完整的指甲出来。

1. overweight [əʊvə5weɪt] adj. 超重的

Sally was 50 pounds overweight.

萨莉超重50磅。

超重就是超过（over）重量（weight）。

1. awful[5ɔ:fʊl] adj. 糟糕的；恶劣的

The weather was awful. 天气很糟糕。

1. haircut [5heəkʌt] n. 理发；发型

I haven’t had a haircut for months!

我好几个月没理发了！

1. apron [5eɪprən] n. 围裙

She stitched a pocket on the new apron.

她在新围裙上缝上一只口袋。

1. cuisine [kwɪ5zi:n] n. 烹饪

The cuisine of Japan is low in fat.

日式烹调脂肪含量低。

1. necklace [5neklɪs] n. 项链

She was wearing a coral necklace.

她戴着一串珊瑚项链。

1. pile [paɪl] n. 堆

He began to sweep the pieces of glass into a pile .

他动手把碎玻璃片扫成一堆。

1. receiver [rɪ5si:və] n. 接收器；听筒

She picked up the receiver and started to dial.

她拿起听筒开始拨号。

1. turn around转身；回心转意

She turned around and saw her teacher.

她转过身看到了自己的老师。

1. test out考验；彻底检验

Have you tested out this new theory?

你充分检验了这个新理论了吗?

1. in all总共

In all, there were 215 candidates.

总共有215位候选人。

1. Mark and a Seal马克和海豹

Mark rented an accommodation with his pension near the shore. He paid annual visits there to enjoy the vivid beauty in the depths of the pure sea.

Once, with his underwater telescope and flashlight, Mark dived along the boundary between the steep reef and the area of seaweed conservation. Suddenly, an awesome Antarctic seal with sharp teeth appeared opposite him. Every cell in his body was scared to death. But soon, he was aware that he wasn’t the target of an attack. With a neat wound in its lip caused by a shark, this grey seal was washed upside down by the tides time after time. But it tried to jog Mark as if to urge him to help it. So Mark abandoned fleeing away. With its teamwork, Mark used a net to drag the seal to the shallow water. Without pausing he helped it out after a simple operation and settled it in a narrow cave by the seaside. Every time he brought it tasty fish, it would yell and suck his hands happily. Witnesses said their anecdotes reflected a magic dimension of the relationship between humans and animals.

马克用他的退休金在海岸边租了一间住所，每年都去那儿欣赏纯净的大海深处那生动的美丽。

有一次，马克带着他的水下望远镜和手电筒，潜到陡峭的暗礁和海草保护区间的分界线。突然，一只长着尖利牙齿、使人畏惧的南极海豹出现在他对面。马克吓坏了，但是很快，他就意识到，他不是攻击的目标。这只灰色海豹的唇上有道鲨鱼咬出的整齐伤口，还时不时地被潮水冲得头上脚下。尽管如此，它却总是努力轻轻碰撞马克，似乎在催促他帮助它。于是马克放弃了逃跑。在这只海豹的合作下，马克用一张网把它拖到浅水区，并毫不停歇给它动了一个简单的手术，帮助它解决了问题，然后将它安置在海边一个狭窄的洞里。每次当马克给它带来鲜美可口的鱼时，它就会高兴地大声叫唤，还吮吸他的手。目击者都说他们的轶事映射出人与动物关系中奇妙的一个方面。

重点词汇解析：

1. accommodation n. 住处，膳宿；调节；和解；预订铺位

Have you found accommodation?

找到住处没有?

Religions, to survive, must make accommodations with the larger political structures that nurture them. 

为了生存，宗教必须同其赖以存在的更大的政治体系相调和。

1. pension n. 退休金，抚恤金；津贴；膳宿费

vt. 发给养老金或抚恤金

常用短语：

grant a pension to 给予…养老金

pension fund 养老基金；退休基金

pension insurance 养老保险

1. shore vt. 支撑，使稳住；用支柱撑住

n. 海滨；支柱

常用短语：

shore up 支持，支撑；加固

off shore 离开岸边；在近海处

on shore 在岸上；（海员）离船

in shore 靠岸

lake shore 湖滨，湖岸

词语辨析：这组词都有“岸”的意思，区别是：

shore 指紧靠大湖泊或海洋的陆地边缘或靠海的休养地。

bank 多指有一定坡度的河岸、湖岸或堤岸。

seaside 尤指疗养地、游览地区的海边。

beach 指倾斜度小，被海、湖或河水冲刷而有沙或卵石积存的地方。

coast 地理学上的名词，专指被视为边界的沿海陆地的尽头。

1. annual  adj. 年度的；每年的  

n. 年刊，年鉴

annual meeting 年会

1. vivid adj. 生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的

vivid description 生动的描述；生动的报导

vivid blue 深湖蓝 ; 碧蓝色

1. depth n.深度； 深处，深海； 深奥，奥妙

in depth 深入地；全面地

in the depth of 在……里面

The country’s leadership had underestimated the depth of the crisis.

这个国家的领导层低估了这次危机的严重程度。

We felt at home with her and were impressed with the depth of her knowledge.

我们和她一见如故，并且被她知识的渊博所折服。

I was in the depths of despair when the baby was terribly sick.

宝宝病得很重，我陷入绝望的深处。

We will discuss these three areas in depth.

我们将全面透彻地讨论这3个领域。

Mr. Gibson is clearly intellectually out of his depth.

吉布森先生显然在智能上有所不及。

1. pure adj. 纯的；纯粹的；纯洁的；纯理论的

pure and simple 十足的，完全的

pure water 纯水，净水；纯净水

1. telescope vt. 压缩；使套叠 vi. 套叠；变

n. 望远镜；缩叠式旅行袋

1. flashlight  n. 手电筒；闪光灯
2. dive vi. 潜水；跳水；俯冲；急剧下降

n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲；扑

常用短语：

dive into v. 投入；把手伸入；钻研

dive in 开始大吃；头朝下跳入水中

dive for 扑向；潜水寻找…

take a dive 突然下降，急剧下降，(行市等)暴跌 ,

dive off 从…跳水

He tried to escape by diving into a river.

他企图跳入河中逃走。

Stock prices took a dive.股票价格暴跌。

1. boundary  n. 边界；范围；分界线

boundary of边界；界限

1. steep adj. 陡峭的；不合理的；夸大的；急剧升降的

vt. 泡；浸；使…充满  vi. 泡；沉浸

n. 峭壁；浸渍

steep slope 陡坡，急坡；高倾斜

steep hill 陡坡；斜坡；陡峭的山坡

steep rise 急升

1. seaweed n. 海藻，海草
2. conservation n. 保存，保持；保护

water conservation 节约用水，水源保护

conservation area 保护区

1. awesome adj. 令人敬畏的；使人畏惧的
2. Antarctic n. 南极洲，南极地区  

adj. 南极的

1. seal n. 密封；印章；海豹；封条；标志

vt. 密封；盖章  vi. 猎海豹

常用短语：

seal of 证明；保证

seal in 封入

seal up 密封住

seal with 用…密封

seal off 封锁

He sealed the envelope and put on a stamp.

他封好信封，贴了张邮票。

A woman picks them up and seals them in plastic bags. 

一位女士拣起它们，然后把它们封入各塑料袋中。

Police and troops sealed off the area after the attack.警察和军队在袭击发生后封锁了该地区。

1. sharp adj. 急剧的；锋利的；强烈的；敏捷的；刺耳的

adv. 急剧地；锐利地；突然地

n. 尖头

vt. 磨快；把音调升高  vi. 升音演奏

常用短语：

sharp contrast 鲜明对比；强对比，强烈对比

sharp rise 激增；激涨

look sharp 赶快；注意

sharp fall 暴跌

sharp tongue 说话刻薄

词语辨析：这组词都有“锐利的、敏锐的、机敏的”的意思，区别是：

sharp 指人头脑精明、敏锐或机警。

keen 多指对复杂艰深的事物或问题有敏锐的观察和敏捷的理解。

acute 侧重感觉敏锐，能分辨出一般人难以觉察的细微区别。

shrewd 指有头脑，善于判断分析，精明过人。

The apple tasted just as I remembered – sharp, sour, yet sweet.

这苹果尝起来跟我记忆中的完全一样–味道十足，酸中带甜。

1. opposite adj. 相反的；对面的；对立的

n. 对立面；反义词

prep. 在…的对面   

adv. 在对面

词语辨析：

opposite adj 相反的，相对的，对面的

contrary adj 相反的，矛盾的，对抗的

otherwise 可做adv，意为“不同的，不那样的”

unlikely adj 不大可能的

1. be scared to death 吓得要死
2. aware adj. 意识到的；有…方面知识的；懂世故的

be aware of 知道；发觉

词语辨析：

conscious adj.有意识的，意识到的，一般指内心所意识到的。

The salesman is conscious of the fact that he must increase sales.

销售员意识到他必须增加销售量。

aware adj.知道的，意识到的，强调感官对外界事物的意识。

He was aware of his mistake.

他意识到自己的错误。

1. target

n. 目标，指标；（攻击的）对象；靶子

v. 把...作为目标；面向，对准（某群体）

on target 到达目标上空；正追踪目标；切题，切中要害

hit the target 射中靶子；达到目的

an easy target 容易击中的目标 ,；容易挨批评、容易受到攻击的人

词语辨析：这组词都有“目标、目的”的意思，其区别是：

objective 与object基本同义，但语义更广泛，指具体或很快能达到的目的，也可指军事目标。书面用词。

aim 从本义“靶子”引申而来，侧重比较具体而明确的目标，但常指短期目标。

target 指射击的靶，军事攻击目标。引申指被攻击、批评或潮笑的目标。

object 强调个人或需求而决定的目标、目的。

purpose 普通用词，既指以坚决、审慎的行动去达到的目的，又指心中渴望要实际的目标。

end 指心目中怀着的某种目的，强调结果而非过程。较正式用词。

goal 指经过考虑和选择，需经坚持不懈的努力奋斗才能达到的最终目标。

1. neat adj. 灵巧的；整洁的；齐整的

词语辨析：这组词都有“整齐的，整洁的”的意思，其区别是：

orderly 语义比上述几个词强，最常用。指把复杂细微的东西按其内在联系安排整齐，侧重井井有条。

tidy 侧重整齐，井然有序。

neat 指人或物外表既清洁又整齐。

trim 着重因线条清晰、比例匀称而使外观呈现出紧凑和精确、美观。

1. lip n. 嘴唇；边缘  

adj. 口头上的

vt. 以嘴唇碰vi. 用嘴唇

常用短语：

cleft lip n. 唇裂；兔唇

upper lip 上嘴唇

on the lips of 在…中流传

lower lip 下唇；下唇板

stiff upper lip 坚定沉着；不露感情

give one’s lips 吻

pay lip service 敷衍

1. shark n. 鲨鱼；骗子

vi. 诈骗  vt. 敲诈

1. grey adj. 灰色的；灰白的  

n. 灰色

vt. 使变成灰色；使变老

vi. 变成灰色；老化  

1. upside down  adv. 倒置地  

adj. 颠倒的

1. tide  n. 趋势，潮流；潮汐  

vt. 随潮漂流

turn the tide 扭转局势；转变运气

low tide 低潮；（事物发展的）低落期

tide over 克服，度过；度过困难时期

time and tide 岁月；顺流逆流

at high tide 处于高潮中

tide of opinion   观点的潮流

1. jog vt. 慢跑；轻推；蹒跚行进；使颠簸

vi. 慢跑；轻推；蹒跚行进；颠簸着移动

n. 慢跑；轻推，轻撞

jog one’s memory  唤起某人的记忆

词语辨析：这组词都有“跑”的意思，区别是：

trot 强调小跑时上下弹跳的动作，是介于跑与走之间轻快的快速运动。

jog 指从容不迫地慢跑。

run 最普通用词，指由于各种原因而急速奔跑。

race 多用于赛跑，指以最快速度奔跑。

1. urge vt. 力劝，催促；驱策，推进

vi. 强烈要求

n. 强烈的欲望，迫切要求；推动力

urge sb to do sth 敦促 (某人做某事)

1. abandon  n. 放任；狂热  

vt. 遗弃；放弃

with abandon 恣意地，放纵地

1. flee  vi./vt. 逃走；消失，消散

flee from 从……逃出来

1. teamwork n. 团队合作；协力
2. net n. 网；网络；净利；实价

vi. 编网   vt. 得到；净赚；用网捕

adj. 纯粹的；净余的

常用短语：

on the net 在网上

net of 扣除

net sth. (尤指运用技巧) 获取

I’m quite happy to net a fish and then let it go.我特别喜欢捞到一条鱼后再把它放了。

1. drag vt. 拖累；拖拉；缓慢而吃力地行进

vi. 拖曳；缓慢而吃力地行进

n. 拖；拖累

常用短语：

drag on 拖延

drag in 插入讨论中；拉进

drag over 拖过；拖出

drag out 拖延

1. shallow adj. 浅的；肤浅的

n. [地理] 浅滩

vt. 使变浅  vi. 变浅

I think he is shallow, vain and untrustworthy.

我认为他浅薄、虚荣、不可信。

She began to hear her own taut, shallow breathing.她开始听到自己紧张、短促的呼吸。

1. pausing n. 暂停；中止

v. 暂停；踌躇（pause的ing形式）

常用短语：

pause and ponder 踌躇；停下来好好想一想

give pause to vt. 使人踌躇

pause button 暂停键；暂停按钮

1. help out  帮助…摆脱困难
2. narrow adj. 狭窄的，有限的；勉强的；

n. 海峡；狭窄部分，隘路

vt. 使变狭窄   vi. 变窄

常用短语：

in a narrow sense 在狭义上

narrow escape 九死一生，幸免于难；千钧一发

narrow down 缩小；限制；减少；变窄

1. seaside n. 海边；海滨  

adj. 海边的；海滨的

1. tasty adj. 美味的；高雅的；有趣的

n. 可口的东西；引人入胜的东西

1. yell vi. 大叫，叫喊  

n. 喊声，叫声  

vt. 喊叫着说

常用短语：

yell at 对...吼叫

yell out 呼喊；大声地叫出

词语辨析：这组词都有“喊”的意思，区别是

call 指大声说话或喊叫，以引起某人的注意。

scream 指因恐具、快乐或痛苦而发出的尖叫声。

yell 多指求援、鼓励时的呼叫。也可指因外界因素刺激而发出尖厉声音。

roar 指发出大而深沉的声音、吼叫或咆哮。

shriek 指因惊恐、痛苦等或其它感情而发出比scream更为尖锐、刺耳的叫声。

exclaim 多指因高兴、愤怒、痛苦、惊讶等突发感情而高声喊叫。

shout 指有意识地高声喊叫，常用于提出警告、发命令或唤起注意等。

cry 一般指因恐惧、痛苦、惊奇等而喊叫。

1. suck vt. 吸吮；吸取  vi. 吸吮；糟糕；巴结  n. 吮吸

suck out 吸出，抽出

suck in 吸收；使卷入

suck up 吸收

suck it up 忍耐；别抱怨；算了吧

give suck to 给…喂奶，给…哺乳

be sucked into  使卷入

1. witness n. 证人；目击者；证据

vt. 目击；证明；为…作证

vi. 作证人

常用短语：

bear witness 证明，作证

as witness 以…为证明

with a witness 极端地；毫无疑问地

star witness 主要证人

eye witness 目击者，见证人

1. anecdote  n. 轶事；奇闻；秘史
2. reflect vt. 反映；反射，照出；表达；显示;反省vi. 反射，映现；深思

常用短语：

reflect on 仔细考虑，思考；反省；回想，回顾；怀疑

reflect upon考虑（回想；回顾）

1. dimension n. 方面;[数] 维；尺寸；次元；容积

vt. 标出尺寸adj. 规格的

1. relationship  n. 关系；关联

34. Helping the Remote Village援助山村

A year ago, the famous astronaut received an invitation by airmail from a remote village. Intending to sniff some fresh air, he and his interpreter paid a fortnight visit there. It was a privilege for them to be there, but they were shocked by what they saw. The tracks were muddy. The river was drying up. Most villagers only possessed one broom, a few tins and several jars and their rectangular grass huts with round angles were surrounded by weeds. Besides, their school had no roof and platform, and the students had no concept of clicking a computer at all. They were badly in need.

Soon, the astronaut made a generous voluntary donation to the village. There were textbooks for students, sewing machines for tailors and tractors for farmers. His distribution catalogue also included operating a clinic and a trunk library, as well as giving weekly lessons to teach relevant farming knowledge like how to dry out seeds or raise oxen. He himself not only helped do some paperwork but also purchased grills for boys to toast potatoes and combs for girls who were dying to get one. The other day, he heard from the villagers again inviting him to participate in the donation anniversary. For political and security reasons, he couldn’t adjust his outgoing arrangement-otherwise he would go. But his deeds were remembered forever.

一年前，那位著名的宇航员收到一份由一个偏远村庄通过航空邮件寄来的邀请。因为想要呼吸一下新鲜空气，他和翻译到那儿做了一次两周的访问。当地之行使他们倍感荣幸，但却震惊于所见所闻。泥泞的道路、河流干枯，大部分的村民拥有的财产只不过是一只扫帚、几个瓶瓶罐罐而已，圆角的矩形草屋四周长满了杂草，学校也没有屋顶和讲台，学生们更对点击操作电脑毫无概念。他们生活确实相当困难。

很快，宇航员就向村庄做了慷慨的自愿捐赠。捐赠品中有给学生的课本，给裁缝的缝纫机，还有给农民的拖拉机。捐赠金的分配目录中还包括一间诊所和一间书箱图书馆的运作，并有传授像怎么使种子干透，或者怎么养牛这种相关农业知识的每周课程。他自己不仅亲自帮助做一些文书工作，还给男孩子们购买了烤马铃薯的烤架、给渴望得到梳子的女孩子们买了梳子。前几天，他又收到了村民们邀请他参加捐赠周年会的来信。出于政治和安全原因，他无法调整外出时间安排，否则他就会去了。不过他所做的一切村民们都永远记得。

1. astronaut n. 宇航员，航天员；太空旅行者
2. airmail n. 航空邮件
3. remote adj. 遥远的；偏僻的；疏远的 n. 远程

be remote from 疏远...

常用短语：

distant 语意最强，强调距离。

far侧重长距离。

remote 侧重指离中心地的地方很远。

1. sniff

vi. 嗅；嗤之以鼻

vt. 嗅；闻；用力吸；发觉

n. 吸，闻；嗤之以鼻；气味；以鼻吸气

sniff out 发现；寻找

sniff at 嗤之以鼻；嗅；轻视

The salary was not to be sniffed at either.

当时的工资也是不容轻视的。

Suddenly, he stopped and sniffed the air.

突然他停下来，嗅了嗅空气中的味道。

1. interpreter n. 解释者；口译者；注释器
2. fortnight n. 两星期

You need a break. Why not take a fortnight off from work?

你需要休息, 为什么不休假两周呢?

1. privilege n. 特权;优待

vt. 给予…特权；特免

be a privilege / have the privilege 荣幸

It must be a privilege to know such a man.

认识这样一个人必是一种荣幸。

1. muddy

adj. 泥泞的；模糊的；混乱的

vt. 使污浊；使沾上泥；把…弄糊涂

vi. 变得泥泞；沾满烂泥

muddy the water 搅浑水；泥土水

muddy sth. 使沾上泥巴

It’s difficult enough without muddying the issue with religion.

即使不和宗教搅在一起，这个问题已够难的了。

1. dry up 干涸；(供应) 停止;(讲话时) 语塞

The main source of income, tourism, is expected to dry up completely this summer.

作为主要收入来源的旅游业预计将在今年夏天彻底枯竭。

When he turned around and saw her, his conversation dried up.

他转过身来看见她，他的谈话就出不来词儿了。

1. broom

n. 扫帚；金雀花   vt. 扫除

new broom 新上任者；新晋升者

1. tin

n. 锡；罐头，罐；马口铁

adj. 锡制的 vt. 涂锡于；给…包马口铁

1. jar

n. 罐；广口瓶；震动；刺耳声

vi. 冲突；不一致；震惊；发刺耳声

vt. 震动；刺激；使震动

Sometimes a light remark jarred on her father.

有时候一句玩笑就会令她父亲不快。

The ship jarred a little. 船轻微震了一下。

1. rectangular adj. 矩形的；成直角的
2. angle vi. 钓鱼；谋取 n. 角度，角，方面

angle of view 视角

angle on 引诱；角度对准

angle for 谋取

at an angle 成一定角度

1. weed

vt. 除草；铲除 vi. 除草

n. 杂草，野草；菸草

sea weed 海苔，海带；赤菜，海草

weed out 清除；淘汰；除去

词语辨析：这组词都有“草”的意思，区别是

herb 指可供药用或生产食物调料用的草。

grass 指一般的青草或牧草。

weed 指混在作物中的杂草或园中的野草。

1. roof

n. 屋顶；最高处，顶部；最高限度

vt. 给…盖屋顶，覆盖

常用短语：

the roof of mouth 上腭

under one’s roof 在某人家里

hit the roof /go through the roof 怒气冲天

He will hit the roof when I tell him you’ve gone off.

如果我告诉他你已走了，他一定会怒火冲天的。

1. platform n. 平台；站台；坛；讲台
2. concept n. 观念，概念
3. click

vt. 点击；使发咔哒声 vi. 作咔哒声,恍然大悟

n. 单击；滴答声

When I saw the television report, it all clicked.

当我看到电视报道时，一下就恍然大悟了。

1. in need 在危难中；在穷困中的

The difficulty that faces us is the number of those in need.

我们面临的困难是需要帮助的人数太多。

be in need of

What are you in need of? 需要什么？

1. voluntary

adj. 自愿的；志愿的；自发的；故意的

n. 志愿者；自愿行动

In her spare time she does voluntary work.

她在业余时间做义工。

1. donation n. 捐款，捐赠物；捐赠

blood donation 献血；捐血；供血

charitable donation 慈善捐款

1. textbook n. 教科书，课本
2. sewing machine 缝纫机
3. tailor vt. 剪裁；使合适 vi. 做裁缝 n. 裁缝
4. tractor n. 拖拉机；牵引机
5. distribution n. 分布；分配；供应

相关词汇：

distribute vt. 分配；散布；分开；把…分类

distribute over 散布

Distribute the topping evenly over the fruit.

将配料均匀地浇在水果上。

Students shouted slogans and distributed leaflets.

学生们高呼口号，散发传单。

1. catalogue

n. 目录；

vt. 把…编入目录

catalogue of 一连串 (尤指不幸的事)

His story is a catalogue of misfortune.

他的经历中充满了接二连三的厄运。

1. operating

adj. 操作的；[外科] 外科手术的

v. 操作（operate的ing形式）；动手术

相关词汇：

operate

vi. 运转；动手术；起作用

vt. 操作；经营；引起；对…开刀

easy to operate 易操作的

operate on 对…动手术；对…起作用

1. clinic n. 临床；诊所
2. trunk

n. 树干；躯干；象鼻；汽车车尾的行李箱

vt. 把…放入旅行箱内

adj. 干线的；躯干的；箱子的

tree trunk 树干

1. weekly

adj. 每周的；周刊的；一周一次的

n. 周刊 adv. 每周一次；逐周

We do the weekly shopping every Thursday. 

我们每星期四采购一次。

1. relevant adj. 相关的；切题的；有重大关系的；有意义的

be relevant to 相关的

1. dry out 变干；戒酒

If the soil is allowed to dry out the tree could die.

如果让土壤干硬，树就会死掉。

He checked into hospital to dry out.

他住进了医院去戒酒。

1. seed

n. 种子；根据；精液；萌芽；子孙；原由

vt. 播种；结实；成熟；去…籽

vi. 播种；（植物）结实

常用短语：

the seeds of (事物的) 起源

be seeded 将 (选手或球队) 排列名次

He is seeded second, behind Brad.

他排名第二，位于布拉德之后。

go to seed 开花结籽

has gone to seed 衰退; 退化

He says the economy has gone to seed.

他说经济已经走向衰退。

raise up seed 繁殖后代

1. ox n. 牛；公牛

词语辨析：这组词都有“牛”的意思，区别是

buffalo 指水牛，在美国指野牛。

cow 指乳牛。

bull 指未经阉割，通常用于配种的公牛。

ox 泛指野生或驯养的牛类，系动物学的用词，通称，也指公牛。

1. paperwork n. 文书工作
2. purchase

n. 购买；紧握；起重装置

vt. 购买；赢得 vi. 购买东西

purchase of sth. 购买

1. grill

vt. 烧，烤 vi. 拷问，严加盘问

n. 烤架，铁格子；烤肉

grill sb. about sth. 询问

1. toast

n. 干杯；烤面包；接受敬酒的人；（在某领域）广受赞誉的人

vt. 向…祝酒，为…干杯

vi. 烤火，取暖；使暖和；烘烤（面包片等）

常用短语：

propose a toast 敬酒；举杯

drink a toast 干杯；举杯祝酒

make a toast 祝酒，敬酒；做一片土司面包

on toast 放在一片烤面包上；受骗的，任人摆布的

词语辨析：

bake 指在烤炉里，烘烤，不与火直接接触，用持续的干热，缓慢地烘烤任何食物。

toast 侧重通过烘烤使烘烤之物变成褐色，尤指烘面包、熏肉等。

roast 一般指在火上烤大块的肉或整只牲畜或家禽。

1. comb

n. 梳子；蜂巢；鸡冠

vt. 梳头发；梳毛 vi. （浪）涌起

常用短语：

comb out 仔细搜寻；裁减；挑选

comb through仔细查看

Officers combed the woods for the murder weapon.

警官们彻底搜查了那片树林，寻找杀人凶器。

词语辨析：

search 侧重努力和彻底搜寻某人或某地。

comb 像梳头一样搜寻，侧重费力彻底搜查。

seek 书面用词，使用广。指付出很大努力去寻找某人或某物。

1. be dying to 渴望，切望
2. the other day 不久前某一天；几天以前
3. participate in 参加；分享
4. anniversary n. 周年纪念日
5. political adj. 政治的；党派的

相关词汇：

politic adj. 精明的；有策略的；政治的

vi. 拉选票

politics n. 政治，政治学；政治活动；政纲

politician n. 政治家，政客

polity n. 政体；国体；政治组织

1. security

n. 安全；保证；证券；抵押品

adj. 安全的；保安的；保密的

1. adjust

vt. 调整，使…适合；校准

vi. 调整，校准；适应

adjust to 调整以适应

I felt I had adjusted to the idea of being a mother very well.

我感到我已经很好地适应了做母亲的想法。

1. arrangement n. 布置；整理；准备

arrangement for 对…的安排

1. otherwise

adv. 否则；另外；在其他方面

adj. 另外的；其他方面的；原本，本来

conj. 其他；如果不；然后

or otherwise 或相反；或其反面

and otherwise 等等

otherwise than 不像；除…外；与…不同

35. Study in America留学美国

Nannan’s father runs an enterprise near the Ming Tombs selling batteries and drills to the Daqing Oilfield. Hoping to get the qualification to help govern it, Nannan made much preparation and then left her motherland with her visa to study in America. Having reached her destination, she settled in an inn recommended by the travel agent.

As far as Nannan was concerned, she always kept it up in China. But she had to acknowledge it was not easy to adjust herself to the new academic requirements, which were not parallel with China’s. Though she was occupied with lectures and seminars day in and day out, the essays she drafted were still contradicted by her tutors. As for her routine life, she felt that it was hard to fit in, too. For example, she found English idioms difficult to understand. And it was out of the question to eat delicious Chinese foods though many optional cafeterias served abundant substitutes. In addition, she had to wait in a queue early for the minibus that took her to school and it was usually so cold that she felt numb. What bothered her most was that she received no apology when her sleeping was disturbed by a barking dog in a shopkeeper’s cage.

Luckily, with her parents comforting her by videophone, she became autonomous soon and eventually got her bachelor’s degree successfully.

楠楠的父亲在明陵附近经营一家企业，销售电池和钻机到大庆油田。抱着获得相应资格帮助管理的希望，楠楠做了大量准备，然后带着签证离开祖国去美国留学。抵达目的地后，她在一间旅行代理推荐的旅馆安顿下来。

就楠楠而言，她在国内一直保持着良好的状态，但是在国外，她却不得不承认，要适应新学院的要求不容易，它们和国内的要求不相同。尽管她整天都忙着听讲座、参加研讨会努力学习，她起草的论文还是被导师驳了回来。至于日常生活，她也感觉难于适应，例如，她发觉英语成语很难理解，而且不可能吃到地道的中国食品，尽管可选的许多餐馆都有提供丰富的替代品。此外，她还得冒着把人冻得麻木的寒冷早起排队等小型巴士去学校。最使她烦恼的是，一名店主笼子里的狗的吠叫闹得她睡不好觉，但却没有任何人向她道歉。

幸运的是，在她父母通过可视电话的安慰下，她很快就锻炼得自主独立起来，并最终成功获得了学士学位。

重点词汇解析

1. enterprise n. 企业；事业；进取心；事业心

 lack of enterprise 缺乏事业心

1. tomb n. 坟墓；死亡  vt. 埋葬
2. battery n. 电池；
3. drill

n. 训练；钻孔机；钻子；播种机；演习

vi. 钻孔；训练  vt. 钻孔；训练；条播

常用短语：

drill into 钻 (孔); 打 (眼)

He drilled into the wall. 他在墙上打孔。

drill for  钻探 (石油或地下水源)

There have been proposals to drill for more oil.

有人提出了钻探更多石油的建议。

drill in 训练（某人）掌握（某种技能， 法则等）

fire drill 消防演习；逃跑等应急措施演习

drill down 向地下钻；深度探讨

1. oilfield n. 油田
2. qualification n. 资格；条件；限制；赋予资格
3. govern

vt. 管理；支配；统治；控制

vi. 居支配地位；进行统治

be governed by  被...控制,制约

1. preparation  n. 预备；准备

preparation for 为…做准备

1. motherland n. 祖国；母国

The honour remained with our motherland.

光荣属于我们的祖国。

1. visa n. 签证  vt. 签发签证

apply for a visa 申请签证

1. destination  n. 目的地，终点

ultimate destination 最终目的地

1. settle in   迁入；适应下来

I enjoyed school enormously once I'd settled in.

一旦适应了，我就非常喜欢上学了。

1. inn  n. 客栈；旅馆  vi. 住旅馆

holiday inn n. 假日酒店；假日旅馆

1. recommend

vt. 推荐，介绍；劝告；使受欢迎；托付

vi. 推荐；建议

recommend for 推荐；由于…而称赞

La Cucina restaurant has much to recommend it.

拉库奇那餐馆有许多值得称道的地方。

1. travel

vi. 旅行；行进；步行；交往

vt. 经过；在…旅行

n. 旅行；游历；漫游

travel in 旅行推销；四出兜销

travel around 周游

travel through 经过

travel light  轻装旅行

词语辨析：

voyage 指海上航行

journey 指稍长的旅途,

trip 指短期的旅途, a three-day trip

travel 是最常用的

News of his work traveled all the way to Asia.

有关他工作的消息一直传到了亚洲。

It would be good to travel light, but I end up taking too many clothes.

能够轻装旅行再好不过，但我最终还是带了太多衣服。

1. agent

n. 代理人，代理商；药剂；特工

vt. 由…作中介；由…代理  adj. 代理的

1. as far as 至于，直到，远到；就…而言
2. be concerned  就…而言
3. keep it up 坚持；继续下去
4. acknowledge vt. 承认；答谢；确认收到

The government has acknowledged the problem.

政府承认了这个问题。

He is also acknowledged as an excellent goalkeeper.

他还被认可为一名优秀的守门员。

The army sent me a postcard acknowledging my request.

军方寄给我一张明信片确认收到了我的请求。

He saw her but refused to even acknowledge her.

他看到了她，但甚至都拒绝向她致意。

1. adjust to 调节；调整以适应
2. academic

adj. 学术的；理论的；学院的

n. 大学生，大学教师；学者

Who wants to hear about contracts that are purely academic?

谁想听那些完全不切实际的合同呢?

The system is failing among less academic children.

这种制度在学习不太好的学生中失败了。

1. requirement n. 要求；必要条件；必需品

requirement for 需要

1. parallel

n. 平行线；对比  vt. 使…与…平行

adj. 平行的；类似的，相同的

in parallel 并行的；[电]并联的；平行的

in parallel with 与…平行；与…同时

parallel with 平行；与…比较

His remarks paralleled those of the president.

他的评论与总统的评论相同。

1. be occupied with  忙于做，专心于；忙碌
2. lecture

n. 演讲；训斥；教训

vt. 演讲；训诫  vi. 讲课；讲演

lecture on 有关…的演讲；训斥；告诫

give a lecture 演讲；主讲

attend a lecture 听关于……的讲座；上课

She invited him to Atlanta to lecture on the history of art.

她邀请他去亚特兰大讲授艺术史。

Our captain gave us a stern lecture on safety.

我们的船长在安全问题上给了我们严厉的批评。

1. seminar n. 讨论会，研讨班
2. day in and day out  天天；夜以继日
3. essay

n. 散文；试图；随笔

vt. 尝试；对…做试验

1. draft

n. 汇票；草稿；选派；（小股）气流

vt. 起草；制定；征募vi. 拟稿；绘样；作草图

adj. 初步画出或（写出）的；正在起草中的，草拟的；以草稿形式的；草图的

first draft 初稿

final draft 最终稿，正稿

draft out 起草

be drafted 征兵

During the Second World War, he was drafted into the U.S. Army.

第二次世界大战期间，他应征加入美国陆军。

She hoped that Fox could be drafted to run the organization.

她希望福克斯能够被选派来掌管这个组织。

1. contradict

vt. 反驳；否定；与…矛盾；与…抵触

vi. 反驳；否认；发生矛盾

contradict oneself 自相矛盾

She dared not contradict him.

她不敢反驳他。

Her version contradicted her daughter's.

她的说法与她女儿的说法相矛盾。

1. tutor

vt. 辅导；约束  n. 导师；家庭教师；助教

vi. 当家庭教师；（美）在家庭教师指导下学习

private tutor 私人教师，家庭教师

1. routine

n. [计] 程序；日常工作；例行公事

adj. 日常的；例行的

So many days are routine and uninteresting, especially in winter.

太多的日子都是平淡和无趣，尤其是在冬季。

1. fit in 适应，适合；装配好；找时间做

She was great with the children and fit in beautifully.

她对孩子们很有一手，相处得非常融洽。

He knew where I fitted in and what he had to do to get the best out of me.

他知道我在哪里能发挥作用，以及他怎样做才能发挥我的最佳水平。

1. idiom n. 成语，习语；土话
2. out of the question 不可能；不知底细；根本谈不上
3. optional  adj. 可选择的，随意的
4. cafeteria  n. 自助餐厅
5. abundant  adj. 丰富的；充裕的；盛产

abundant in 富于；富有

词语辨析：

abundant adj. (数量)充足的，常用于人、物产、资源、雨量等，含有“过多”之意。

Oil is in abundant supply in this country.

这个国家石油供应十分充裕。

plentiful adj.丰富的，充足的，常用于食物、收获、财产等，不能用于时间、空间、思想等方面。

Eggs are plentiful at this moment.现在鸡蛋很多。

1. substitute

n. 代用品；代替者

vi. 替代   vt. 代替

substitute for 代替，取代

1. queue

n. 队列；长队；辫子

vi. 排队；排队等候

vt. 将…梳成辫子；使…排队

queue up v. 排队等候

queue of   众多

1. minibus n. 小型公共汽车，小巴
2. numb

vt. 使麻木；使发愣；使失去感觉

adj. 麻木的；发愣的

numb with 木然的

The mother, numb with grief, has trouble speaking.

那位母亲，由于悲伤而木然，说不出话来。

1. apology n. 道歉；谢罪；辩护；

make an apology 道歉

1. bark

n. 树皮；深青棕色；毛皮；皮肤；狗叫

vt. 狗叫；尖叫；剥皮

bark at 狗朝着（对着）某人叫；对…狗吠

I didn't mean to bark at you. 我不是有意吼你。

She can be a bit tetchy but her bark is worse than her bite.

她脾气可能有点暴躁，但她是刀子嘴，豆腐心。

1. shopkeeper  n. 店主，老板
2. cage

n. 笼，兽笼；牢房，监狱

vt. 把…关进笼子；把…囚禁起来

rattle one's cage 惹起某人怒火

If he's trying to rattle your cage, it's working.

如果他存心要让你不得安宁的话，那他是得逞了。

1. comfort

n. 安慰；舒适；安慰者

vt. 安慰；使（痛苦等）缓和

do sth. in comfort  舒服

comfort sb. 安慰某人

too...for comfort   因 ... 而使人不安的

The bombs fell in the sea, many too close for comfort.

那些炸弹落进了海里，很多落得太近而使人不安。

1. videophone n. 电视电话
2. autonomous adj. 自治的；自主的；自发的
3. bachelor  n. 学士；单身汉

bachelor degree 学士学位；大学本科学位证书

1. degree n. 程度，等级；度；学位；阶层

degree of …的程度；…的学位

high degree 高度；高地位

a certain degree 到某种程度

in some degree 在某种程度上

to a degree 在某种程度上，在一定程度上；

in one's degree 按照其本身的情况(或程度)

36. Immigrate to America移民美国

Attracted by the boom in America, my nephew teamed up with a Korean to illegally cross the Bearing Strait in the Arctic to America. To avoid the Customs’ punishment, they hid in a small ferry called the North Pole Seagull, sitting back to back without sleeping, showering and shaving for 3 days, and had no chance to mourn their lost luggage when landing. The hardship of this crossing was apparent.

At first, he made a living by means of raising cattle and then was hired in aircraft industries. He lived in a Catholic district. Taking in a small percentage of Pakistani immigrants, the majority of the residents were from Italy and Denmark, who all kept up their customs and cultures. Different blocks here were distinctly marked out and indicated from the racial angle. It was unfair and needed reforming. But with nowhere else to go, my nephew lived on and managed to make a life for himself.

My nephew’s fortune came when he bravely helped a conductor brake a ream to stop it from slipping out of the rails. The man was elected vice chairman of the Socialist Party later. It occurred to my nephew that he could grasp this opportunity to ask for his help. The man who was thankful helped him apply to the civil authority for the right to live in America by inserting his brave deed into his documents. Unlike a great many other applicants, his application was approved by the Federal Justice Ministry. Before long, he started his own bakery and lived a better life.

因为受到美国繁荣的吸引，我的侄子与一名韩国人合作，从北极的白令海峡偷渡到美国。为了避开海关的惩处，他们躲在一艘叫“北极海鸥”的渡轮里，背靠背坐着，整整3天没有睡觉、洗澡和刮胡子，上岸的时候也没有机会心痛他们丢失的行李，这次横渡的艰辛是显而易见的。

起初，他借助饲养牲畜谋生，后来受雇于飞机制造工业。他住的地方是一个天主教区，除了包括一小部分（百分比）的巴基斯坦移民，大部分的居民都来自于意大利和丹麦，他们都保持着自己的风俗和文化，使这里的街区都从种族的角度清楚地划出界线，明确标示。这很不公平，极需改革，但我的侄子没别的地方可去，只好继续居住下去，想法设法开始新的生活。

我侄子的好运在他勇敢地帮助一名列车员刹停一列电车以防止其滑出轨道时到来了。那个人后来被选为社会党的副主席，我侄子就想到应该抓住机会请求他的帮助。这个人充满感激，立即把我侄子的勇敢事迹插入到申请文件中，帮助我侄子向美国国内政权当局申请美国居住权。不像别的许多申请人，我侄子的申请很快被联邦司法部批准了。不久，他就开了自己的面包店，过上了稍好一点的生活。

重点词汇解析

1. boom

vt. 使兴旺；发隆隆声

vi. 急速发展；发隆隆声

n. 繁荣；吊杆；隆隆声

常用短语：

economic boom 经济繁荣，经济腾飞

baby boom 婴儿潮；生育高峰

boom and bust 繁荣与萧条

a boom in sth. 增长

boom out 发出低沉洪亮的声音

Music boomed out from loudspeakers.

扬声器传出了低沉响亮的音乐。

1. nephew n. 侄子；外甥

niece n. 外甥女，侄女

1. team up with 与…合作，与…协作

= cooperate with 与…合作

1. Korean

adj. 韩国人（语）的 ；朝鲜人（语）的

n. 韩国人（语）；朝鲜人（语）

1. strait adj. 狭窄的；苦恼的 n. 海峡；困境
2. Arctic adj. 北极的；极寒的 n. 北极圈
3. customs n. 海关；风俗；习惯；关税

customs duty 关税

local conditions and customs 风土人情

1. punishment n. 惩罚；严厉对待，虐待

capital punishment 死刑

severe punishment 严厉惩罚；从重处罚

rewards and punishment 奖惩

词语辨析：

punishment 泛指各种惩罚，诸如法律、父母、老师以及神的惩罚等。

penalty 一般指法律上的惩罚或体育运动比赛中的处罚。

1. ferry

n. 渡船；摆渡；渡口

vt.（乘渡船）渡过；用渡船运送；空运

vi. 摆渡；来往行驶

The ferry service has restarted after an interval of 12 years.

时隔12年之后，轮渡服务又重新开通了。

1. pole n. 杆；极点；电极 vt. 用竿支撑

North Pole n. 北极

South Pole [地]南极，南极地带

1. seagull n. 海鸥
2. back to back 背靠背；连续，紧接
3. shave

vi. 剃须，剃毛

vt. 剃，削去；修剪；切成薄片；掠

n. 刮脸，剃胡子；修面；侥幸逃过，幸免；剃刀，刮刀

shave off 剃掉，刮掉

close shave 侥幸的脱险；差一点发生的意外

I can't quite believe the close shaves I've had just recently.

我几乎不能相信我最近刚经历的几次侥幸脱险。

She's already shaved four seconds off the national record for the mile.

她已经把1英里赛跑的全国纪录减少了4秒。

I set the log on the ground and shaved off the bark.

我把原木放在地上，然后刨掉树皮。

1. mourn v. 哀悼；忧伤；服丧

mourn over 哀悼

mourn for 悼念；追悼

Joan still mourns her father.

琼还在哀悼她的父亲。

We mourned the loss of our cities.

我们为失去我们那些城市而痛惜。

1. luggage n. 行李；皮箱

hand luggage 手提行李

carry-on luggage 随身携带的行李

词语辨析：这组词都有“行李”的意思

baggage 不可数名词，在英语指大而重的行李，在美国泛指一切行李。

luggage 多用于英语，指旅行者的行李。

1. hardship n. 困苦；苦难；艰难险阻

Many people are suffering economic hardship.

很多人正遭受着经济困难。

1. crossing

n. 十字路口；杂交；横渡；横道

v. 横越（cross的现在分词）

A car hit her on a crossing.

一辆汽车在十字路口撞了她

The vessel docked in Swansea after a ten-hour crossing.

轮船在横渡10个小时后停泊在了斯旺西。

1. apparent adj. 显然的；表面上的

for no apparent reason 莫名其妙地

I often become dizzy for no apparent reason.

我经常会莫名其妙地变得头晕目眩。

1. by means of 用，依靠
2. cattle n. 牛；牲畜；家畜；无价值的人

herds of cattle n. 牧群

1. hire

n. 雇用，租用；租金，工钱

vt. 雇用；出租 vi. 雇用，租用；受雇

for hire 供出租

hire purchase n. 分期付款购买

on hire 出租的；雇用

hire in 接受雇用并开始工作

hire out 出租；受雇

1. aircraft n. 飞机，航空器
2. Catholic

adj. 天主教的；宽宏大量的

n. 天主教徒；罗马天主教

1. take in 吸收；领会；欺骗；接待;接受；理解；拘留；欺骗；让…进入；改短

He persuaded Jo to take him in.

他说服乔收留了他。

I could hardly take in what the old man said.

我几乎听不懂老人说了什么。

They will certainly need to take in plenty of liquid.

他们会肯定需要吸收大量液体。

The salesman finds it easy to take in old ladies.

这个推销员发现老太太们容易上当受骗。

My house is full; I can't take in any more guests.

我的房子已客满, 不能再容纳更多的客人了。

1. percentage n. 百分比；百分率，百分数
2. Pakistani adj. 巴基斯坦的 n. 巴基斯坦人
3. majority n. 多数；成年

majority of 大多数；大部分

in the majority 占多数

词语辨析：

majority 只能修饰可数名词, the majority of people

most 可数不可数均可

1. Italy n. 意大利
2. Denmark n. 丹麦
3. keep up 保持；继续；不低落；不落后
4. distinct adj. 明显的；独特的；清楚的；有区别的

distinct from vt. 与……不同

1. mark out 规划，制定
2. indicate vt. 表明；指出；预示；象征
3. racial adj. 种族的；人种的
4. angle vi. 钓鱼；谋取n. 角度，角，方面

angle of view 视角

angle on 引诱；角度对准

angle for 谋取

at an angle 倾斜地；成一个角度

1. reform

n. 改革，改良；改正

vt. 改革，革新；重新组成

vi. 重组；改过

adj. 改革的；改革教会的

1. live on vi. 以...为食；靠...生活

live on / live off靠 (某数额的钱) 过活

词语辨析：

live on 以…为主食,  live on fish

live by 靠…谋生    live by fishing

1. make a life 开始新的生活方式
2. conductor n. 导体；售票员；管理人
3. brake a ream 刹车
4. slip

vi. 滑动；滑倒；犯错；失足；减退

vt. 使滑动；滑过；摆脱；塞入；闪开

n. 滑，滑倒；片，纸片；错误；下跌；事故

adj. 滑动的；有活结的；活络的

let slip 错过；无意中吐露；放走

slip away 逃走；悄悄溜走

slip in 悄悄溜入；偷偷溜进去

slip into v. 溜进；使滑入；匆忙穿上；大吃

slip of the tongue 口误；失言；小错误

slip out of 溜走，从…中滑出

slip by 飞掠而过

slip up v. 疏忽；跌倒；遭到不幸

slip one's mind 被遗忘

slip to 使下降; 下降

1. rail

n. 铁轨；扶手；横杆；围栏

vi. 抱怨；责骂 vt. 铺铁轨；以横木围栏

on the rails 正常进行；在正常轨道上

back on the rails 东山再起

It may take some time to get the economy back on the rails.

可能要花一些时间使经济重回正轨。

goes off the rails 行为出轨

1. elect

adj. 选出的；当选的；卓越的

n. 被选的人；特殊阶层；上帝的选民

vt. 选举；选择；推选

vi. 作出选择；进行选举

elect to do sth. 选择

词语辨析：

elect 指选举或用其他方法推选人。

select 侧重“在同类的许多东西中，进行有斟酌的精选”。

pick 通常用于不需要认真权衡，对比就能做出决定。

choose 是一常用词，表一般的“选择”。

1. vice

n. 恶习；缺点；[机] 老虎钳

prep. 代替 vt. 钳住 adj. 副的；代替的

1. socialist n. 社会主义者；社会党党员

adj. 社会主义的

1. occur vi. 发生；出现；存在

occur as 以...的形式出现

occur for 发生在…时候

It did not occur to me to check my insurance policy.

我没想到要核对我的保险单。

1. grasp

n. 抓住；理解；控制

vt. 抓住；领会 vi. 抓

grasp at v. 想抓住；攫取

within one's grasp 为某人所能及

Peace is now within our grasp.

我们现在和平在望。

in one's grasp 掌控

slip from one's grasp 失去掌控；溜走

She allowed victory to slip from her grasp.

她听任胜利从手中溜走。

1. thankful adj. 感谢的；欣慰的
2. apply

vt. 申请；涂，敷；应用

vi. 申请；涂，敷；适用；请求

apply oneself 减少对…之消耗量；努力，致力于…

apply oneself to 将…投入

He has applied himself to this task with considerable energy.

他已经花了相当多的精力致力于这项任务。

apply to 适用;适合

The convention does not apply to us.

该协定对我们不适用。

apply for 申请，请求

He forgot to apply the handbrake and the car rolled into the river.

他忘了拉手刹，汽车翻滚掉进了河里。

1. civil adj. 公民的；民间的；有礼貌的

civil law 民法

civil war 内战

1. authority n. 权威；权力；当局

authority on 有关…的权威；…的专家

He's universally recognized as an authority on Russian affairs.

他被公认为是俄罗斯事务的权威。

in authority 有权；持有权力的地位

by the authority of 以…的权力；得到…许可

1. insert

vt. 插入；嵌入

n. 插入物；管芯；镶块；[机械]刀片

insert into 插入；写入

He took a small key from his pocket and slowly inserted it into the lock.

他从衣袋里掏出一把小钥匙，然后缓缓地将其插入锁孔里。

1. a great many 很多，许多
2. applicant n. 申请人，申请者；请求者

an applicant for ...的申请人

1. Federal Justice Ministry 联邦司法部
2. bakery n. 面包店

37. Be Careful about Cloning

谨慎对待克隆

After a series of initial experiments and corrections, the scientist’s hard work paid off when the twin clone turkeys were hatched with normal feather and claws. This breakthrough possibly enabled people to bring their adored pets back to life. However, it bothered him from time to time that their health was in poor condition because they were unable to resist illnesses. This drawback cast him down. Merely 2 weeks later, the clones and their carrier died, which struck frustration into his heart. He retired before he attained his ambition and became a member of an opera chorus to relieve his depression.

Shortly afterwards, the media published a conservative argument objecting to cloning owing to moral problems, and suggested the constitution include compulsory regulations to forbid obtaining commercial profits from cloning.

When interviewed, the scientist stared at the decorations on the ceiling, thinking for a while, and then said, “I’m not in favour of any arbitrary assumption, but undertaking cloning does differ from the straightforward procedure of making loafs out of flour. Until we accumulate enough exact knowledge, any practice is in vain and is bound to fail. Altogether, being more careful is reasonable or we may walk into a side road.”

在最初一系列的实验和修正之后，科学家的辛苦工作终于取得了成功，一对双生的克隆火鸡孵化出来，羽毛和爪子都很正常。这一突破或许能让人们使他们喜爱的宠物死而复生。然而，使他不时地烦恼的是，因为它们无法抵抗疾病，使得它们的健康状况极差。这个缺点让他很沮丧。仅仅过了2个星期，克隆体和母体都死亡了，这使他内心里充满了挫折，他也因此在达到自己目标前就退休了，并选择加入歌剧合唱团来减轻消沉的感觉。

之后不久，媒体就因为道德问题而发表了反对克隆的保守论点，并且建议宪法应该包括强制性的法规禁止通过克隆获得商业利益。

当被采访时，科学家盯着天花板上的装饰物思考了一会儿，说：“我不赞成任何任意的假设，但是从事克隆与用面粉制作面包的简单过程确实不大相同。在我们积累了足够的准确知识前，任何实际操作都是徒劳无功的，注定会失败。总而言之，更加谨慎地对待克隆是合理的，否则我们或许会误入歧途。”

重点词汇解析：

1. initial

adj. 最初的；字首的

vt. 用姓名的首字母签名

n. 词首大写字母

initial a.开始的，最初的，强调处于事物的起始阶段，也可以指位于开头地方的。

My initial good opinion of him changed with time.

时间长了我对他最初的好印象改变了。

original adj. 最初的，最早的；原版的，原物的。指按顺序是首位的，在此前不再有更为原始的同类的东西；也指原件的，原物的，非仿造的东西。

This is the original piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works.

就是在这架钢琴上，这位作曲家创作出了他的一些伟大的作品。

primitive adj.原始的，上古的，早期的，指处于人类生命或事物发展的早期阶段，也可以指自然的或简朴的。

Primitive tribes live in the Amazon River basin.

原始部落居住在亚马逊河盆地。

1. correction n. 改正，修正
2. pay off 付清；取得成功；贿赂；报复
3. twin

vt. 使成对 vi. 成对；生双胞胎

n. 双胞胎中一人 adj. 双胞胎的

the twin concepts of liberty and equality

自由与平等这两个密切相关的概念

1. turkey n. 火鸡；笨蛋；失败之作

roast turkey 烤火鸡；烧火鸡

go cold turkey 快速戒掉坏习惯

1. hatch n. 孵化；舱口 vt. 孵；策划 vi. 孵化

hatch out 孵出；策划

down the hatch 干杯

1. feather n. 羽毛 vt. 用羽毛装饰 vi. 长羽毛

birds of a feather  n. 一丘之貉

ruffle one's feathers 发怒，不开心

in full feather 盛装，穿戴得整整齐齐 ；(如运动员等)精神饱满，精力充沛，健康状况良好

feather out 减弱；逐渐消失

1. claw

n. 爪；螯，钳；爪形器具

vi. 用爪抓（或挖） vt. 用爪抓（或挖）

claws at sth. (用爪) 抓; 用力抓住

1. breakthrough n. 突破；突破性进展

breakthrough point 突破点；穿透点；贯穿点

make a breakthrough 有重大发展或突破

1. adore

vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱；极喜欢

vi. 崇拜；爱慕

adore sb./sth. 喜爱某人；某物

词语辨析：这组词都有“喜欢、喜爱”的意思，其区别是：

love 不但表示强烈的喜欢，而且含依恋之情，因此多用于能激起深厚情感的人或物。

fancy 指喜爱投合自己心意、嗜好或欲望等的人或物。

enjoy 指对能提供感观或智力上满足或快乐的东西表示欣赏或喜爱。

prefer 指有选择性或偏向性的喜欢。

like 最常用词，往往只表不太强烈的兴趣或关注，不带强烈的感情，除非另加修饰语。

adore 非正式用词。指非常喜爱，带强烈的感情色彩。

1. bother

vt. 烦扰，打扰；使……不安；使……恼怒

vi. 操心，麻烦；烦恼 n. 麻烦；烦恼

bother about 烦恼

bother with 为…而费心，为…操心；用…打扰

can't be bothered 不想出力，不愿找麻烦

bother to do sth 费心去做某事

词语辨析：

annoy 指外界的干扰令人讨厌或无法忍受，或指某人故意去妨碍别人。

disturb 打扰，扰乱，指使正常秩序或一时的安定受到破坏，精力一时不能集中。如：

I am sorry to disturb you.

bother 打扰，麻烦，指给人行动带来不便或身心上带来痛苦。如：

May I trouble you with a few questions?

1. from time to time 不时，有时
2. in poor condition 状态不好
3. unable to 不能
4. resist vt. / vi. 抵抗，抗拒；忍耐

hard to resist 人见人爱；无法抗拒；惹人喜爱

resist temptation 抵制诱惑；不受引诱

resist doing sth. 抗拒做某事；抵制某事

1. drawback n. 缺点，不利条件；退税

Everything has its drawback.

事事不免有缺点。

1. cast down v. 使沮丧；使下降；推翻
2. merely adv. 仅仅，只不过；只是

The brain accounts for merely three percent of body weight.

大脑仅占体重的3％。

1. carrier n. [化学] 载体；运送者;带菌者；货架
2. strike

vi. 打，打击；罢工；敲，敲击；抓；打动；穿透

vt. 打，击；罢工；撞击，冲击；侵袭；打动；

n. 罢工；打击；殴打

on strike 罢工，罢工中

strike in 插嘴

air strike 空袭

strike at 袭击；攻击；向…打击

strike for 为…而罢工

1. frustration n. 挫折
2. into one's heart 一个人的心中
3. retire

vi. 退休；撤退；退却

vt. 退休；离开；收回

n. 退休；退隐；退兵信号

retire from 从……退休

retire into oneself 退隐，沉默；(沉湎于自己的思想而) 离群索居

1. attain

vt. 达到，实现；获得；到达

vi. 达到；获得；到达

n. 成就

1. opera n. 歌剧；歌剧院；歌剧团
2. chorus

n. 合唱队；齐声；歌舞队

vt. 合唱；异口同声地说

vi. 合唱；异口同声地说话

in chorus 一齐，一致，共同；异口同声

swell the chorus 增加合唱的音量；参加合唱；附和别人意见

chorus of 齐声 (批评、反对或赞扬)

1. shortly adv. 立刻；简短地；唐突地

shortly after 不久之后，很快

shortly before 前不久；在...之前不久

shortly afterwards 不久以后；没过多久

1. media n. 媒体；媒质
2. conservative adj. 保守的 n. 保守派，守旧者
3. object to 对…反对
4. owing to 由于，因为…
5. moral

adj. 道德的；精神上的；品性端正的

n. 道德；寓意

moral character 品德

1. constitution

n. 宪法；体制；章程；构造；建立，组成；体格

1. compulsory

adj. 义务的；必修的；被强制的

n. （花样滑冰、竞技体操等的）规定动作

compulsory education 义务教育

compulsory course 必修课

1. regulation

n. 管理；规则；校准

adj. 规定的；平常的

词语辨析：这组词都有“法同，法规”的意思，区别是

law 普通用词，泛指由最高当局所制订、立法机构所通过的任何成文或不成文的法规或条例。

rule 通常指机关、团体的规章、条例或比赛规则；也指对人行为、方法等所作的规定，还可指习俗所承认的规定。

regulation 普通用词，指用于管理、指导或控制某系统或组织的规则、规定或原则等。

code 指某一阶层或社会所遵守的一整套法典、法规或法则；也可指与某一特殊活动或主题有关的规则。

act 指经立法机构通过并由行政管理签署的法案。

constitution 指治理国家或国家在处理内外政务时所遵循的基本法律和原则；也指规章规则的汇集。

1. forbid vt. 禁止；不准；不允许

词语辨析：这组词都有“禁止”的意思，其区别是：

ban 语气最强，指权威机关明文取消或禁止严重危害公众利益的事或行为，隐含道义上的谴责意味。

forbid 通俗用语，指直接地、面对面吩咐不许他人采取某种行动。

prohibit 正式用词，多指通过法律手段或制订规则加以禁止。

1. obtain vi. 获得；流行 vt. 获得

词语辨析：这组词都有“获得、取得、得到”的意思，区别是

acquire 强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。书面语用词。

obtain 较正式用词，着重通过巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。

get 普通用词，使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。

secure 强调要通过努力或竞争，或需要付出代价才能获得所渴望的东西。

win 主要指通过努力、斗争、比赛等而获得胜利。

earn 侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价与有功而获得。

gain 侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。

1. commercial

adj. 商业的；营利的；靠广告收入的

n. 商业广告

1. decoration n. 装饰，装潢；装饰品；奖章
2. in favour of 支持，赞成
3. arbitrary adj. 任意的；武断的；专制的

This is unfair, and it is arbitrary.

这是不公平的，也是武断的。

The choice of players for the team seemed completely arbitrary.

看来这个队的队员完全是随意选定的。

1. assumption n. 假定；设想；担任；采取

on the assumption that 假设

make an assumption 做出假设

1. undertake vt. 承担，保证；从事；同意；试图

undertake comprehensive 全面开展

undertake doing sth. 着手干某事

We could undertake the work for the time being.

我们可以暂时从事这项工作。

1. differ from 与…不同；区别于…
2. straightforward

adj. 简单的；坦率的；明确的；径直的

adv. 直截了当地；坦率地

The question seemed straightforward enough.

这个问题看起来够容易的了。

词语辨析：这组词都有“坦率，诚实”的意思，其区别是：

open 指不隐瞒自己的秘密，愿意向他人表露自己或公开暴露自己的缺点。

frank 强调毫无保留地畅所欲言，不受任何约束。

sincere 侧重指一个人出自内心地对某人某事表示一种诚意。

blunt 指讲话坦白直率、不客气，但隐含不得体、不顾及他人感情等意味。

honest 指遵守正直等道德准则。

plain 指直言不讳，毫不做作或故弄玄虚。

straightforward 多用于答复、叙述等场合。指直截了当，不回避，或故弄玄虚。

1. procedure n. 程序，手续；步骤
2. loaf

n. 条，一条面包；块；游荡

vt. /vi. 游荡；游手好闲；虚度光阴

loaf of bread 长面包，面包片

There were always a lot of men loafing in the shop.

总有许多人在商店里闲逛。

1. flour n. 面粉；粉状物质

vt. 撒粉于；把…磨成粉

1. accumulate vi. 累积；积聚 vt. 积攒

accumulate experience 获取经验

1. exact

adj. 准确的，精密的；精确的

vt. 要求；强求；急需

vi. 勒索钱财

be more exact 更确切地（说）

to be exact 确切地说

exact in 对…很严谨

exact on 实施

She uses the media to help her exact a terrible revenge.

她利用媒体帮助她实施一次可怕的报复。

The sheer physical effort had exacted a heavy price.

纯粹的体力支出已付出了沉重的代价。

1. in vain 徒然；无效

52. altogether

adv. 完全地；总共；总而言之

n. 整个；裸体

1. reasonable adj. 合理的，公道的；通情达理的

词语辨析：这组词都有“明智的，合情合理的”的意思，区别是

sensible 一般指合乎常情、切合实际的行为与思想，侧重明白事理。

rational 指有理性的，有思维推理能力，而不是凭感觉冲动从事。

reasonable 一般不十分着重推理的能力，而往往用来表示合乎情理、公正或务实。

1. side road n. 旁路

38. Strange Patent Applications

奇怪的专利申请

I set about working in the current Patent Office after resigning from the court personnel. Competent and dynamic, I never feel passive while diving into the identifications of whether applications are valid and practical according to the new version of the criteria.

With the expectation of distinguishing their own importance, some people leave the beaten track and file strange products with us now and then, for example, lantern that can be attached on your forehead, cubic walnuts, refrigerator made of straw and glue, perfume that nobody can bear to smell, and so on.

Once, a man made a triangle helicopter out of stainless wires and string. He called us up and merrily claimed it was stable and convenient to use, and never out of order. I asked him to hang on, but this innocent man just rang off and set out to fly from his courtyard. I dialed his number in the directory trying to ring him back, but never got through.

Merciful God blessing, an abrupt freezing rainfall made his powder wet. Luckily, the trouble was without any extension except that he crashed into a greengrocer’s making all the ripe fruits become messy jam. When people seized this crazy man with caution and sobered him by tapping his face, he complained about the bad weather instead of associating his failure with his unscientific design.

从法院人事部辞职后，我开始在现在的专利局工作。我工作起来既称职又有活力，在投身于根据新版的申请标准鉴定专利申请，以防他们无效或不实用时，我从未感觉到消极没劲。

为了显示与众不同，时不时就有人违反常规，向我们提交一些奇怪的产品申请，例如固定在前额的信号灯、立方体的胡桃、用稻草和胶水制作的冰箱、没人能受得了的香水等。

有一次，有个人用不锈钢丝和绳子制作了一架三角形的直升飞机。他致电给我们，高兴地声称其确实牢固，而且方便使用，从不发生故障。我请他稍等，但这个天真的人挂了电话就开始从院子里起飞。我拨打他在电话簿上的号码试图回电给他，却无法接通。

仁慈的上帝保佑，一场突然降临的冻雨打湿了他的火药，使他造成的麻烦没有扩大，只是撞入一间水果店，把所有成熟的水果都压成一塌糊涂的果酱。当人们小心地抓住这个失去理智的人，轻轻拍打他的脸使他清醒过来时，他还在抱怨糟糕的坏天气，却没有将他的失败与他不科学的设计联系起来。

重点词汇解析：

1. set about 着手；开始做…

After the earthquake, the people set about rebuilding their homes.

地震过后，人们开始重建家园。

1. current

adj. 现在的；流通的，通用的；最近的；草写的

n. （水，气，电）流；趋势；涌流

I felt a current of cool air blowing in my face.

我感到一股凉气吹在脸上。

Each party represents a distinct current of thought.

每个党派都代表一种独特的思想倾向。

1. patent

vt. 授予专利；取得…的专利权

adj. 专利的；新奇的；显然的

n. 专利权；执照；专利品

He held a number of patents for his many innovations.

他为他的许多革新申请了几项专利。

The invention has been patented by the university.

那项发明已经由那所大学获取了专利。

1. court

n.法院，法庭； 院子，天井； 宫廷； 网球场

vt.招致； 设法获得； 向…献殷勤； 追求

vi.求爱，求婚； 寻求；

supreme court 最高法院

in court 在法庭上

out of court 不经法院；私了；被驳回

go to court / take someone to court 起诉

1. personnel

n. 人事部门；全体人员

adj. 人员的；有关人事的

1. competent adj. 胜任的；有能力的；能干的；足够的

competent in 胜任的；有能力

be competent for 胜任

be competent to do sth. 能胜任做某事

词语辨析：

competent 指“胜任”，“合格”，或受过专业技术等训练的，但不是超群的能力。

A doctor should be competent to treat many diseases. (医生应该能治多种病。)

able 为常用词，指具有做某事所需的力量，技巧，知识与时间等，一般下效率无关，用作定语表示能力超出平均水平。

A cat is able to see in the dark.

猫在黑暗中能看见东西。

capable 指满足一般要求的能力，可以是表现出来的，也可是潜在的，搭配是be capable of doing。用作定语，表示的能力没有able表示的能力强。

He is capable of running a mile in a minute.

他能在一分钟内跑完一英里。

He is a very capable doctor.

他是一位很好的大夫。

1. dynamic

adj. 动态的；动力的；动力学的；有活力的

n. 动态；动力

1. passive

adj. 被动的，消极的；被动语态的

n. 被动语态

His passive attitude made things easier for me.

他的被动态度使我办起事来容易多了

1. dive into v. 投入；把手伸入；钻研

Find a hobby or activity you enjoy doing and dive intoit.

找到自己的爱好或喜欢的活动,并沉浸于其中.

1. identification n. 鉴定，识别；认同；身份证明

Marilyn had an intense identification with animals.

玛丽莲非常怜爱动物。

1. valid adj. 有效的；有根据的；合法的；正当的

must be valid 必须实事求是

valid period 有效期限

1. practical adj. 实际的；实用性的

You were always so practical, Maria.

你总是那么务实，玛丽亚。

1. version n. 版本；译文；倒转术

trial version 试用版

1. criteria n. 标准，条件（criterion的复数）

evaluation criterion 评估标准

词语辨析：

criterion （评判的）标准，尺度，多指用于检测质量的标准，不管成文与否；

standard 指法定的，权威的度量标准

1. expectation n. 期待；预期；指望

in expectation 期望着；意料之中

live up to expectations 按照期望做到，不负众望

have expectations of  (对…) 抱有期望

词语辨析：这组词都有“期望，指望”的意思，区别是

outlook 多指根据征兆或分析对要发生的事情的愿望或预料。

expectation 指期待某事发生或假设某事能发生，多含揣想的意味。

prospect 与outlook的含义相近，但侧重对成功、利润和舒适生活等方面的期待。

hope 通常指建立在愿望基础上的期待。这种期待有可能发生或实现，但也可能相反。

1. distinguish

vt. 区分；辨别；使杰出，使表现突出

vi. 区别，区分；辨别

distinguish oneself 使扬名；使杰出

distinguish between v. 区别；分辨

distinguish from 区别，辨别

1. beaten track 常规；惯例；踏出来的路
2. file

n. 文件；档案；文件夹；锉刀

vt. 提出；锉；琢磨；把…归档

vi. 列队行进；用锉刀锉

file in 陆续编入；编入档内

on file 存档；记录下来备查

in file 依次；鱼贯；成二列纵队

1. product n. 产品；结果；[数] 乘积；作品

20 now and then 偶尔；有时

1. lantern n. 灯笼；提灯；灯笼式天窗

lantern festival 元宵节

1. forehead n. 额，前额
2. cubic adj. 立方体的，立方的
3. walnut n. 胡桃；胡桃木 adj. 胡桃科植物的
4. refrigerator n. 冰箱，冷藏库
5. straw

n. 稻草；吸管；一文不值的东西

adj. 稻草的；无价值的

make bricks without straw v. 作无米之炊

grasp at straws 抓救命稻草 ;作最后的绝望挣扎

1. glue vt. 粘合；似胶般固着于 n. 胶

glue stick 固体胶水，胶棒

a tube of glue 一管胶水

be glued to sth. 使全神贯注

They are all glued to the Olympic Games.

他们都全神贯注于奥运会。

1. perfume

n. 香水；香味 vi. 散发香气

vt. 洒香水于…；使…带香味

1. triangle n. 三角（形）；三角关系
2. helicopter

n.直升机，直升飞机；

vt.用直升飞机载送；vi.乘直升飞机；

1. stainless adj. 不锈的；纯洁的；无瑕疵的
2. wire

n. 电线；金属丝；电报

vt. 拍电报；给…装电线 vi. 打电报

by wire 用电报

to the wire 直至最后一刻

Negotiators again worked right down to the wire to reach an agreement.

谈判者们再次一直工作到最后达成协议为止。

1. string n. 线，弦，细绳；一串，一行

a string of 一连串

pull strings 动用关系

Tony is sure he can pull a few strings and get you in.

托尼确信他能动用一些关系把你弄进来。

no strings attached / with no strings

不带附加条件

Aid should be given to developing countries with no strings attached.

援助应该不带附加条件地被提供给发展中国家。

词语辨析：

这组词都有“线”的意思，其区别是

rope 指用于捆绑大物件的粗壮而坚固的绳子，一般用绵、毛、麻、金属或其它材料制成。

wire 专指用金属制成的线。

thread 普通用词，指用棉、毛、丝或纤维等纹成的很细的线，通常用于缝纫、纺织等。

string 普通用词，指捆绑小件物品的细绳或细带子。

line 普通用词，含义广泛，指任何一种线，常作引申用。

cord 指比string粗，比rope细，较牢固，通常用于捆扎较小物品的线或绳。用作引申当约束讲。

1. merrily adv. 愉快地；高兴地（merry的副词形式）
2. stable

n. 马厩；牛棚

adj. 稳定的；牢固的；坚定的

vi. 被关在马厩 vt. 赶入马房

stable condition 情况稳定

词语辨析：

firm 指牢固不可动摇或意志、信仰的坚定。

stable 多指根基牢固，平衡良好，也指性格或位置等的稳定，不可移动或改变。

steady 指保持平衡不动摇。用于有形物时，指没有根基的稳固，也指动中的稳。

1. convenient adj. 方便的；实用的

convenient for adj. 便于…

1. out of order 发生故障；次序颠倒
2. hang on 坚持下去；不挂断；握住不放

Can you hang on for a minute?

你能等一会儿吗？

The driver was unable to hang on to his lead.

这位车手没能守住自己的领先地位。

1. innocent

adj. 无辜的；无罪的；无知的

n. 天真的人；笨蛋

innocent of 无罪的，清白的

innocent party 无过失之一方；无辜的一方

They seemed so young and innocent.

他们看上去如此少不更事。

1. ring off 挂断电话；住嘴；走掉
2. set out 出发；开始；陈述；陈列

set out one's view 阐述观点

set out to do sth. 开始努力做某事

1. courtyard n. 庭院，院子；天井
2. dial

n. 转盘；刻度盘；钟面

vi. 拨号

vt. 给…拨号打电话

dial the number 拨电话号码

dial up 拔号

1. directory

n. [计] 目录；工商名录；姓名地址录

adj. 指导的；咨询的

telephone directory 电话簿

1. ring back 回电话
2. get through

通过；到达；做完；接通电话；度过，熬过(困难时期等)

I think you can get through the first two chapters.

我想你能完成前两章。

It is hard to see how people will get through the winter.

很难想像人们将怎样熬过这个冬天。

I can't get through to this number.

我打不通这个号码。

You'll get through at least ten nappies a day.

你每天至少得用10块尿布。

Did you have to get through an entrance examination?

你必须要通过入学考试吗？

1. merciful adj. 仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的

We can only hope the court is merciful.

我们只能寄希望于法庭的宽大处理了。

Eventually the session came to a merciful end.

这次开庭终于有了一个令人解脱的结果。

1. abrupt adj. 生硬的；突然的；唐突的；陡峭的

abrupt change 突变；陡变

He was abrupt to the point of rudeness.

他唐突到了无礼的地步。

1. freezing adj. 冰冻的；严寒的；冷冻用的

freezing cold 感觉受冻的

1. rainfall n. 降雨；降雨量
2. powder

n. 粉；粉末；[化工][军] 火药；尘土

vt. 使成粉末；撒粉；搽粉于

vi. 搽粉；变成粉末

She powdered her face and applied her lipstick and rouge.

她往脸上搽了粉，又涂了她的口红和胭脂。

1. extension n. 延长；延期；扩大；伸展

by extension 相关地；引申开来

1. greengrocer n. 蔬菜水果商；菜贩
2. ripe adj. 熟的，成熟的；时机成熟的

ripe for 时机成熟；为……做好准备

ripe old age 高龄

He lived to the ripe old age of 95.

他活到了95岁的高龄。

1. jam

n. 果酱；拥挤；困境；扣篮

vt. 使堵塞；挤进，使塞满；混杂；压碎

vi. 堵塞；轧住

traffic jam 交通阻塞，塞车

in a jam 事情搞得一团糟，陷入困境

jam in 用力把…塞进去

jam on v. 踩压

Pete jammed his hands into his pockets.

皮特把他的双手胡乱塞进了他的兜里。

The second time he fired his gun jammed.

他开第二枪时，枪卡壳了。

1. seize

vt. 抓住；夺取；理解；逮捕

vi. 抓住；利用；（机器）卡住

seize the opportunity 抓住机遇，抓住机会

seize on 抓住；占有

seize up 失灵；中止；（机器）卡住

seize hold of v. 抓住；占领

seize upon 抓住，利用

Troops have seized the airport and railway terminals.

军队已经占领了机场和铁路终点站。

Police were reported to have seized all newspaper.

据报道警方已没收了所有的报纸。

1. caution n. 小心，谨慎；警告，警示 vt. 警告

with caution adv. 慎重；留心

caution against 警告；告诫

1. tap

vt. 轻敲；轻打；装上嘴子

vi. 轻拍；轻击；轻叩

n. 水龙头；轻打

tap water 自来水

tap into 挖掘；接进

on the tap在乞讨东西

tap in按键输入

tap on 在…上轻敲

tap dancing n. 踢踏舞

He tapped the table nervously with his fingers.

他紧张地用手指轻轻地敲打桌子。

The government passed laws allowing the police to tap telephones.

政府通过了允许警察窃听电话的法律。

1. associate with

v. 联合；与…联系在一起；和…来往

1. Pronunciation and Status 

口音与身份

An ambassador and a referee were consulting a professor on the caption of a Buddhistic alphabet when a sobbing woman stopped them to sell an antique musical bathtub. Her dirty garment and the handkerchief around her waist were badly in need of sending to a laundry. The ambassador uncomfortably gave her a handful of pence from his wallet and said, “Take this fortune away, troublesome woman.”

When her figure faded away, the brilliant professor said, “You are mistaken and your improper remark on her should be condemned. In terms of this extraordinary woman, you can’t classify her status by her horrible clothes or disgusting nails. Her clean woolen vest and stockings, especially her classic pronunciation, all suggested her upper status.” The ambassador gave a whistle in amazement, and advised making her acquaintance. The professor hesitated for a while, then compromised.

The outcome was that she was an authentic superior police officer. When they were shown in her office and saw her once more, she brought them a teapot of tea and some cookies, laughing and saying, “I rubbed some cream and wax on my garment and passed myself off as a shabby woman among thieves and robbers to investigate a plot. Generally speaking, your overlooking me and my adaptation are the best help. But my pronunciation seemed to have betrayed me.”

一位大使和一位裁判正在就一张佛教符号表的文字说明请教教授，这时，一名哭哭啼啼的女人把他们拦住，要卖给他们一个古董音乐澡盆，她肮脏的衣服和腰间的手帕都急需送到洗衣店清洗。大使很不舒服地从钱包里掏出一把便士说：“把这大笔钱拿走，麻烦的女人！”

等她的身影渐渐远去，那位才华横溢的教授说：“你错了，你对她不适当的评论语应该受到谴责。就这个不同寻常的女人来说，你不能根据她糟糕的衣服或令人恶心的指甲给她的身份地位分类。她干净的羊毛背心和袜子，尤其是她一流的发音，都暗示着她的上层身份。”大使惊奇地吹了声口哨，建议去认识她。教授犹豫了一会儿，最后妥协了。

结果呢，她真的是一位高级警官。当他们被带进她的办公室再次见到她时，她给他们拿来一壶茶和一些饼干，笑着说：“我把奶油和蜡涂在大衣上假扮成寒酸肮脏的女人混进在小偷和抢劫犯中间，是为了调查一宗阴谋。通常说来，你们对我的忽视和我对此的适应就是最好的帮助。但是我的发音似乎暴露了我啊。”

重点词汇解析：

1. ambassador n. 大使；代表；使节

image ambassador 形象大使；商品代言人

goodwill ambassador 亲善大使，友好大使

1. referee

n. 裁判员；调解人；介绍人

vi. 仲裁；担任裁判

vt. 为…当裁判；调停

chief referee 总裁判；裁判长

1. professor n. 教授；教师；公开表示信仰的人

absent-minded professor 做事心不在焉者；无头苍蝇；健忘的人

1. caption

n. 标题；字幕；说明；逮捕

vt. 加上说明；加上标题

There is a caption under the picture.

图片下边附有说明.

The photograph is captioned 'People Power'.

配图文字为“人民的力量”

1. Buddhistic adj. 佛陀的；佛教的
2. alphabet n. 字母表，字母系统；入门，初步

词语辨析：这组词都有“字母”的意思，区别是：

letter 指单个的字母。

alphabet 指整个字母系统或一种语言的字母表，不表单个字母。指书写或印刷的字母。

character 通常指汉语的方块字，也指字符。

1. sob

vi. 啜泣，呜咽；（风等）发出呜咽声

vt. 哭诉，啜泣 n. 啜泣，呜咽

词语辨析：

weep 哭泣，书面语，常指小声或无声地哭泣，有时可与cry通用。如：

She wept at the sad news.

听到这不幸的消息，她哭了。

cry 哭，普通用语，常指出声地哭。如：

The little girl cried herself to sleep.

小女孩哭着睡着了。

sob 抽泣，呜咽：

She sobbed herself to sleep. 她啜泣着入睡了。

1. antique

adj. 古老的，年代久远的；过时的，古董的

n. 古董，古玩；古风 vi. 觅购古玩

词语辨析：这组词都有“古代的，古老的”的意思，区别是：

old 指长期以来一直存在着的事物，与times连用指古代，与days连用时指从前或旧社会。

ancient 指很久以前发生或存在的事物。用于描述历史时，指远古时代。

antique 指已经很古老或颇有古风的事物，一般都具有较高价值。

1. musical adj. 音乐的；悦耳的 n. 音乐片
2. bathtub n. 浴缸
3. garment

n. 衣服，服装；外表，外观

vt. 给…穿衣服

词语辨析：这组词都有“衣服、服装”的意思，区别是

uniform 指某团体或组织统一做的制服，如军服、校服等。

clothing 常用词，集合名词，是衣服的总称。

clothes 普通用词，多指包括上衣、内衣或裤子等具体的一件件衣服。

dress 多指正式场合或为某些特定用途而穿的服装，也指童装或女性穿的连衣裙。

garment 语气庄重，正式用词，复数形式可与clothes换用，指身上全部穿着。单数形式指单件衣服，尤指长袍、外套等外面的衣服。

suit 指一套服装，一般有几件配成一套的套装。

costume 指流行某一地区或某一时代的服装，也指演员的戏装。

gown 指女人穿的长服，尤指教士、法官、教授等的礼服或妇女的睡衣等，也指长袍。

robe 指长袍，也指浴衣、晨衣。

coat 指上衣、外衣、大衣、外套及女式上装。

1. handkerchief n. 手帕；头巾，围巾
2. waist n. 腰，腰部

strip to the waist 打赤膊；光膀子

waist width 腰围

waist belt n. 腰带；腰部系带

1. in need of 需要…时
2. laundry n. 洗衣房；要洗的衣服；洗熨；洗好的衣服

laundry detergent 洗衣粉；洗衣精

dirty laundry 脏衣服

do the laundry 洗衣服；做洗衣服的活

1. uncomfortably adv. 不舒适地；不自在地；令人不快地
2. handful n. 少数；一把；棘手事

a handful of 一把；少量的；一小部分

1. wallet n. 钱包，皮夹
2. fortune

n. 财富；命运；运气

vt. 给予财富 vi. 偶然发生

常用短语：

good fortune 好财运，好运；顺景

make a fortune 发财，赚大钱

a small fortune 一笔巨款；很多钱

fame and fortune 名声与财富

make one's fortune 发财 , 发迹，在社会上获得地位

fortune teller 算命先生；预言家

seek one's fortune 寻找发迹的机会；寻出路

reversal of fortune 命运的逆转

cost a fortune 花大价钱；价格很高；值一大笔钱

词语辨析：这组词都有“命运”的意思，区别是：

luck 普通日常用词，指好的或坏的运气，尤多指好运气，有时也指成功或愉快的结局。

lot 多指偶然的运气或终身遭受的不幸命运。

destiny 普通用词，侧重预先注定的命运，对未来命运的美好憧憬。

fortune 普通用词，指由机会或运气来决定的一种命运，如暗示一种比fate好的运气或一种愉快的未来。

doom 指最终的，常常是灾难性或毁灭性的命运，隐含不可避免的意味。

fate 较庄严用词，多指不幸的命运，暗示不可避免，令人畏惧和人的意志无法改变，宿命论色彩较浓。

1. troublesome adj. 麻烦的；讨厌的；使人苦恼的
2. fade away 逐渐消失
3. brilliant adj. 灿烂的；杰出的；有才气的；精彩的，绝妙的

brilliant sunshine 灿烂的阳光

1. mistaken

adj. 错误的；弄错的；被误解的

v. 弄错（mistake的过去分词）

be mistaken for 被误认为…；被误解为

mistaken identity 认错人

1. proper

adj. 适当的；本身的；特有的；正派的

adv. 完全地

at a proper time 在适当的时候

in the proper way 用适当方法

词语辨析：这组词都有“适当的”的意思，区别是

fit 指具有适合于某个目的，某种工作或某种用途等必需的品质或条件。

appropriate 指专门适合于某人或某事，语气较重，强调“恰如其分”。

suitable 指具有适合于某种特定场合、地位或情况等的品质。

apt 专指性质或构造适合达到某一目的或得到某种结果的要求。

proper 往往侧重于符合某个标准或习惯。

fitting 指与当时的目标、情绪状态、气氛、场合等相适应。

1. remark n. 注意；言辞

vt. 评论；觉察 vi. 谈论

remark on 评论；谈论；议论

I remarked that I would go shopping that afternoon.

我说过那天下午我要去买东西。

1. condemn vt. 谴责；判刑，定罪；声讨

be condemned to a punishment 判 (某人某罪)

He was condemned to life imprisonment.

他被判终身监禁。

condemn sb to ... situation 迫使 (陷于...境地)

1. extraordinary adj. 非凡的；特别的；离奇的；特派的

词语辨析：

striking 引人注意的，饶有兴趣的；（因相貌好）吸引人的，惹人注目的

remarkable 值得注意的，不寻常的；独特的

unusual 罕见的，异乎寻常的；独特的，与众不同的

prominent 凸出的,显著的，惹人注目的,杰出的，重要的

outstanding 杰出的，优秀的；地位显著的，为人瞩目的，（报酬、工作、问题等）未偿付的，未完成的，未解决的

extraordinary 不平常的，不普通的，非常的，格外的，；（安排、会议等）特别的，（官员）特命的，特派的

1. classify vt. 分类；分等

classify as 把…分类为…

1. status n. 地位；状态；情形；重要身份

词语辨析：这组词都有“状况、情况”的意思，区别是：

circumstance 多指周围的情况或某事发生时的情况。

status 指一个人在政治、社会、经济、法律上的地位或身份，暗含地位显要意味。也可用于指政治等事态的状况。

condition 一般强调产生影响的原因或环境，复数形式指笼统的情况。

state 普通用词，指人或物在环境、外表、心灵以及健康方面的状况，或指在某一阶段的状态或形式。

situation 指明确具体的环境情况或处境。

1. horrible adj. 可怕的；极讨厌的
2. disgusting adj. 令人厌恶的；令人极不能接受的

in disgust 厌恶的；讨厌

1. nail

vt. 钉；使固定；揭露

n. [解剖] 指甲；钉子

nail polish 指甲油，趾甲油

nail down 确定，明确；用钉钉住

tooth and nail 拼命，竭尽全力

nail file 指甲锉

nail up 钉住，钉牢

nail clipper 指甲钳；指甲夹；指甲刀

on the nail 当场；立刻

1. woolen adj. 羊毛的；羊毛制的

n. 毛织品

1. vest n. 背心；汗衫

vt. 授予；使穿衣 vi. 归属；穿衣服

vest in v. 归属于；授予

1. stocking n. 长袜

in stock 有存货；现有

out of stock adv. 已脱销

词语辨析：

stocking 指长到膝或过膝的长袜，常用复数形式。

socks 指长不到膝的短统袜子。

1. classic

adj. 经典的；古典的，传统的；最优秀的

n. 名著；经典著作；大艺术家

the classics 文学名著

词语辨析：

classical 古典的

classic 第一流的

1. upper adj. 上面的，上部的；较高的

upper lip 上嘴唇

the upper hand 优势

The home team was beginning to gain the upper hand.

主队正开始占上风。

1. whistle

n. 口哨；汽笛；呼啸声

vt. 吹口哨；鸣汽笛

1. in amazement

blow the whistle 告发；揭发

clean as a whistle 擦得净亮；一尘不染

The kitchen was clean as a whistle.

厨房里一尘不染。

1. make acquaintance 和……相识; 和…相识; 结识
2. hesitate

vi. 踌躇，犹豫；不愿

vt. 踌躇，犹豫；有疑虑，不愿意

hesitate in 吞吞吐吐

hesitate to do sth. 迟疑; 不愿意做某事

1. compromise

vt. 妥协；危害 vi. 妥协；让步

n. 妥协，和解；折衷

reach a compromise 达成妥协

make a compromise 妥协；折衷；做出让步

compromise with sb. 向...妥协

1. outcome n. 结果，结局；成果
2. authentic adj. 真正的，真实的；可信的

authentic Italian food 正宗的意大利食品

I had obtained the authentic details about theorganization.

我已经掌握了有关该组织的可靠的详细资料。

词语辨析：这组词都有“真的，真实的，实在的”的意思，区别是：

real 普通用词，含义较广，有时可与actual和genuine换用。指一切真实的或 表面看不出虚假的事物。

authentic 常可与genuine换用，指与事实完全相符，强调准确可靠。

genuine 普通常用词，指真正的，货真价实的，强调非人为或非虚假的。

true 指同实际情况或标准完全一致。口语中多用。

actual 指事物的实际存在，并非出自主观臆造。

factual 与actual同义，但更测重根据事实，不扩大或缩小，不渲染。

1. superior

adj. 上级的；优秀的，出众的；高傲的

n. 上级，长官；优胜者，高手；长者

superior in 在…方面优越

superior to优于...;比…好的

1. show in 领入 ；把…领进
2. once more 再一次
3. teapot n. 茶壶

a tempest in a teapot 小题大做

1. cookie n. 饼干；小甜点

tough cookie 非常坚强的人；不易动感情的人；自信者

1. cream n. 奶油；面霜；乳酪

ice cream cone n. 冰淇淋蛋卷；盛冰淇淋的锥形杯

cream of the crop 精华；最优秀的人

sun cream 防晒霜

1. wax

n. 蜡；蜡状物 adj. 蜡制的；似蜡的

vt. 给…上蜡 vi. 月亮渐满；增大

on the wax 正在变大；在增加

wax and wane 月圆月缺；盈亏；兴衰成败

We'd have long talks while she helped me wax the floor.

她帮我给地板上蜡时，我们闲聊了很长时间。

1. pass myself off as 把自己伪装成
2. shabby adj. 破旧的；卑鄙的；吝啬的；低劣的

词语辨析：这组词都有“卑鄙的，卑贱的”的意思，区别是：

mean 暗示狠毒、贪婪、缺乏尊严感等为人们所不耻的卑鄙、自私、渺小的行为。

shabby 指行为的不公和卑劣而使人感到不屑和轻蔑。

cheap 侧旨人或物的品质低劣下贱。

low 指行为卑鄙、可耻、下文明，可引申指庸俗。

1. thief n. 小偷，贼

词语辨析：这组词都有“贼、强盗”的意思，区别是：

burglar 指夜间撬窗破门行窃的人。

gangster 指结伙进行各种非法活动的武装歹徒。

thief 普通用词含义广泛，一般专指盗窍者。

bandit 指在乡间或小林地区结帮活动，使用恐吓或暴力行窃的人。现指有组织或单独进行抢窃的盗匪。

robber 指以暴力或威胁等手段强行夺取他人财物的人。

pirate 指海盗。

1. rob vt. 抢劫；使…丧失；非法剥夺

vi. 抢劫；掠夺

rob 抢劫 rob sb. of sth.,

steal 偷 steal sth. from sb.

1. plot

n. 情节；图；阴谋

vt. 密谋；绘图；划分；标绘

vi. 密谋；策划；绘制

plot against 暗算；阴谋策划

plot out 划分；分配；描绘，提出…纲要

main plot 主要情节

1. generally speaking 一般而言
2. overlook

vt. 忽略；俯瞰；远眺；检查；高耸于…之上

n. 忽视；眺望

词语辨析：这组词都有“疏忽，忽略”的意思，区别是：

overlook 指因匆忙而疏忽或视而不见。

disregard 多指有意或自觉地不顾某事。

omit 指有意或无意地忘记做某事，也指删去被视作不重要、不合意的东西。

neglect 侧重指有意的忽略或忽视，也可指粗心与疏忽。

forget 普通用词，侧重某事不重要或太复杂而未能记住，也指有意疏忽或忘掉。

ignore 通常指有意不顾，或不理显而易见的事物。

1. adaptation n. 适应；改编；改编本，改写本
2. betray vt. 背叛；出卖；泄露（秘密）；露出…迹象

betray oneself 原形毕露

She studied his face, but it betrayed nothing.

她审视着他的脸，但他却丝毫不露声色。

When I tell someone I will not betray his confidence I keep my word.

当我对人说我不会辜负他的信任时，我会说到做到。

1. A Sly Murder一宗狡猾的谋杀案

When giving a lecture about the significance of punctuation, the academic professor was interrupted and arrested by the police for murdering his wife, a receptionist of a kindergarten. The police found some photos he deleted from their e-album showing that they used to have a gay life. But, fed up with her wrinkled face, he murdered her instead of divorcing her to avoid fortune division. He cut up a kind of seashell with a sharpened knife, and hammered it into powder on a skateboard, and made at most one gram, which was enough to accelerate one’s pulse until he or she dies. This kind of poison can date back to 10,000 BC when people rubbed it on spears to kill beasts. The professor mixed the poison with onion, watermelon and yogurt for his wife. Howling and scratching her chest, she felt dizzy and died soon.

After tentative examination, the police assumed she died of heart disease. But systematic botanical analyses showed that the watermelon spit on the messy mat and the quilt was poisonous. Regardless of exhaustion and starvation, the acute and skilful policemen used radioactive equipment to make sure the category of the poison. Primitive and not ample as their alternative equipment was, they got perfect accuracy somehow.

People applauded the police and the woman’s family can look ahead with relief now.

那位学院的教授在发表关于标点符号重要意义的演讲时被警察打断了，他因谋杀自己的妻子——一位幼儿园的接待员——而被逮捕。警察找到了一些被他从电子相册里删除的照片，照片表明，他们曾经有过快乐的生活，但是，因为厌烦了妻子起皱的脸，他杀死她而不是和她离婚以避免离婚时的财产分割。他用一把磨利的小刀切碎一种贝壳，然后在滑板上锤打成粉末，最多1克就足以加速人的脉搏直到其死亡。这种毒药可以追溯到公元前10，000年，当时它就被涂抹在长予上杀死野兽。教授把这种毒药混合在洋葱、西瓜和酸奶里给他的妻子，后者叫喊、抓挠胸口、头晕目眩，很快就死了。

在初步检查之后，警察设想她是死于心脏病。但是系统的植物学分析却表明，吐在凌乱的席子和被子上的西瓜有毒。敏锐而又技术娴熟的警察不顾疲劳和饥饿，用放射性的设备确定了毒素的种类。尽管可供选择的设备原始，且数量不足，他们还是设法取得了完美的准确度。

人们都为警察欢呼鼓掌，而那位女人的家人现在也可以带着欣慰为将来打算了。

重点词汇解析：

1. significance  n. 意义；重要性；意思

significant adj. 重大的；有效的；有意义的

n. 象征；有意义的事物

1. punctuation n. 标点；标点符号
2. academic

adj. 学术的；理论的；学院的

n. 大学生，大学教师；学者

academic performance 学习成绩；学业表现；学术成就

1. interrupt

vt. 中断；打断；插嘴；妨碍

vi. 打断；打扰  n. 中断

People kept nosing around the place, interrupting my work.

人们在这周围不断查看着，打断了我的工作。

The sudden interruption stopped Justin in mid-sentence.

贾斯廷话说到一半时被突然打断了。

Taller plants interrupt the views from the house.

高的树木遮住了房子外的视线。

1. arrest vt. 逮捕；阻止；吸引  n. 逮捕；监禁

house arrest 软禁

under arrest 被逮捕，被捕

词语辨析：这组词都有“抓住，捕捉”的意思，区别是

arrest 指根据法律或命令进行逮捕并予以监禁或拘留。

seize 侧重指以突然、有力地动作迅速抓住或捉住。

catch 普通用词，指捉住跑动或隐藏中的人或动物，一般指活捉。

capture 指通过武力或计谋等，战胜抵抗而捉住敌人或动物。

trap 多指诱捕。

1. receptionist  n. 接待员；传达员
2. kindergarten n. 幼儿园；幼稚园
3. delete vt. 删除

delete from 删除；从…上删掉

词语辨析：

repeal 书面用词，指撤销立法机关通过的协议、法案或法律等。

delete vt. 删除

cancel 用法广泛，多指取消债务、合同、证书、比赛、旅行、计划或约会等。

abolish 正式用词，指彻底废除某种制度、规章或习俗。

1. album n. 相簿；唱片集；集邮簿；签名纪念册

stamp album n. 集邮册

photograph album 相册，影集

1. gay adj. 快乐的；放荡的；艳丽的  

n. 同性恋者

注意： gay【快乐】已经很少用，考试中不要随意使用。

1. fed up with  受够了；极厌恶；对……厌倦
2. wrinkle  n. 皱纹  vi. 起皱  vt. 使起皱纹

His face was covered with wrinkles.

他的脸布满了皱纹。

Donna wrinkled her nose at her daughter.

多娜对她的女儿皱起鼻子。

1. division n. 除法；部门；分配；分割；赛区

I taught my daughter how to do division at the age of six.

我女儿6岁时，我就教她怎样做除法。

Several armoured divisions are being moved from Germany.

几个装甲师正从德国调来。

1. cut up  切碎；抨击； 恶作剧； 使悲痛

Terry was very cut up about Jim's death.

吉姆的死让特丽无比悲伤。

Her younger brother was cut up by a robber last week.

她弟弟上周被歹徒砍伤.

1. seashell n. 海贝，贝壳；海贝壳
2. sharpen

vt. 削尖；磨快；使敏捷；加重

vi. 尖锐；变锋利

sharpen up 使……更敏锐；认真思考

He started to sharpen his knife.

他开始磨刀。

1. hammer

vi. 锤击；敲打；重复

n. 铁锤；链球；[解剖] 锤骨；音锤

vt. 锤击；锤打

hammer and tongs 全力以赴地；竭尽全力地

hammer out 设计出；锤成；苦心想出

hammer on （对准位置）钉牢；敲紧

hammer at 敲打；致力于

hammer into 钉入；敲进；向…硬灌

He loved gardening. He went at it hammer and tongs as soon as he got back from work.

他喜爱园艺，下班一回到家，就劲头十足地干起来。

If we turned up late we would be hammered by everybody.

如果我们迟到，就会遭到大家的声讨。

He hammered the young Austrian player in four straight sets.

他直落4局轻取年轻的奥地利对手。

1. skateboard n. 溜冰板  vi. 用滑板滑行
2. at most  至多
3. accelerate

vt. 使……加快；使……增速

vi. 加速；促进；增加

词语辨析：这组词都有“加快，使加快”的意思，其区别是：

accelerate 着重指频率或速率运转加快。

hasten 指由于事的紧迫性或突然性而加速。

rush 含义与hurry相近，但显得更仓促更慌乱。

hurry 指赶紧或匆忙地做某事或催促别人做某事，隐含草率或混乱意味。

speed 侧重实际的快速行动。

quicken 普通用词，指增加速度、速率。

1. pulse

n. [电子] 脉冲；脉搏；节拍

vt. 使跳动  vi. 跳动，脉跳

1. date back  追溯到；回溯至
2. BC  abbr. 公元前（Before Christ）
3. spear n. 矛，枪  vt. 用矛刺

A police officer was speared to death.

一名警官被刺死了。

1. beast n. 野兽；畜生，人面兽心的人

beauty and beast 美女与野兽

wild beast n. 野兽

1. onion  n. 洋葱；洋葱头
2. melon  n. 瓜；甜瓜；大肚子

melon seeds 瓜子

bitter melon 苦瓜

hami melon 哈密瓜

winter melon 冬瓜

honeydew melon 蜜瓜；甜瓜

1. yogurt  n. 酸奶酪；酸奶
2. howl

vi. 咆哮；怒吼；狂吠

vt. 狂喊着说；对…吼叫

n. 嗥叫；怒号；嚎哭

词语辨析：这组词都有“吠，叫”的意思，其区别是：

roar 指狮子的吼叫。

bark 指发出刺耳的汪汪声，系典型的狗吠。

growl 指被激怒的狗发出低长的咆哮声，以示威胁。用于人时，指咆哮着喊叫，怒冲冲地发牢骚。

howl 指声音响亮，拖得很长，如哀愁的哭声。用于人时，指大喊大叫。

1. scratch

n. 擦伤；抓痕；刮擦声；乱写

adj. 打草稿用的；凑合的；碰巧的

vt. 抓；刮；挖出；乱涂

vi. 抓；搔；发刮擦声；勉强糊口；退出比赛

scratch yourself  挠

start from scratch 从头开始；白手起家；从起跑线开始

up to scratch 达到标准

without a scratch 一点儿也没受伤，安然无恙

scratch the surface 只做了肤浅的研究；不深刻，不周详

scratch line n. 起跑线

on scratch 准时，正点

scratch one's head  绞尽脑汁思考

1. dizzy

adj. 晕眩的；使人头晕的；昏乱的；心不在焉的；愚蠢的

vt. 使头晕眼花；使混乱；使茫然

feel dizzy 头晕；感到晕眩

the dizzy heights of sth. 显赫的（地位）

1. tentative

adj. 试验性的，暂定的；踌躇的

n. 假设，试验

She did not return his tentative smile.

她并没有对他怯生生的微笑作出回应。

1. assume

vi. 假定；设想；承担；采取

vt. 僭取；篡夺；夺取；擅用；侵占

He managed to assume an air of calm.

他设法表现出一幅平静的样子。

1. systematic

adj. 系统的；体系的；有系统的；分类的；一贯的，惯常的