阻塞队列的概念
- 当阻塞队列是空时,从队列中获取元素的操作将会被阻塞
- 当阻塞队列是满时,往队列里添加元素的操作将会被阻塞
ArrayBlockingQueue
代码语言:javascript复制数组组成的有界阻塞队列
代码示例:add、remove、element(一言不合就报错比较暴力)
代码语言:javascript复制 public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
// 定义阻塞队列的长度为3
BlockingQueue blockingQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue(3);
// 使用add插入,如果队列已满则会直接报错
blockingQueue.add(1);
blockingQueue.add(2);
blockingQueue.add(3);
blockingQueue.add(4);
// 使用element检查队列,如果队列是空则直接报错
blockingQueue.element();
// 使用remove删除元素,如果队列是空直接报错
blockingQueue.remove();
blockingQueue.remove();
blockingQueue.remove();
blockingQueue.remove();
}
代码示例:offer、poll、peek(比较温和,不会报错只会返回false和null)
代码语言:javascript复制 public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
// 定义阻塞队列的长度为3
BlockingQueue blockingQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue(3);
// 使用offer插入,如果队列已满则会返回false
System.out.println(blockingQueue.offer(1));
System.out.println(blockingQueue.offer(2));
System.out.println(blockingQueue.offer(3));
System.out.println(blockingQueue.offer(4));
// 使用peek检查队列,如果队列是空返回null
System.out.println(blockingQueue.peek());
// 使用poll删除元素,如果队列是空返回null
System.out.println(blockingQueue.poll());
System.out.println(blockingQueue.poll());
System.out.println(blockingQueue.poll());
System.out.println(blockingQueue.poll());
}
代码示例:put、take(在队列是满的情况下put操作会一直等待空出来位置,在是空的情况下take操作会等待队列有值)
代码语言:javascript复制 public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
// 定义阻塞队列的长度为3
BlockingQueue blockingQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue(3);
// 使用put插入,如果队列已满则会一直等待队列空出来
blockingQueue.put(1);
blockingQueue.put(2);
blockingQueue.put(3);
blockingQueue.put(4);
// 使用take删除元素,如果队列是空会一直等待队列有值
System.out.println(blockingQueue.take());
System.out.println(blockingQueue.take());
System.out.println(blockingQueue.take());
System.out.println(blockingQueue.take());
}
代码示例:offer、poll(限时等待,加入了限时秒数,等待x秒后不再阻塞)
代码语言:javascript复制 public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
// 定义阻塞队列的长度为3
BlockingQueue blockingQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue(3);
// 使用限时offer插入,如果队列已满则会等待1s后退出
blockingQueue.offer(1,1L,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
blockingQueue.offer(2,1L,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
blockingQueue.offer(3,1L,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
blockingQueue.offer(4,1L,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
// 使用限时poll删除元素,如果队列是空会等待1s后退出
System.out.println(blockingQueue.poll(1L,TimeUnit.SECONDS));
System.out.println(blockingQueue.poll(1L,TimeUnit.SECONDS));
System.out.println(blockingQueue.poll(1L,TimeUnit.SECONDS));
System.out.println(blockingQueue.poll(1L,TimeUnit.SECONDS));
}
SynchronousQueue
代码语言:javascript复制不存储元素的阻塞队列,只有一个元素
代码示例:
代码语言:javascript复制 public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
// 定义阻塞队列的长度为3
BlockingQueue blockingQueue = new SynchronousQueue();
new Thread(()->{
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() "t 写个 1");
blockingQueue.put("1");
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() "t 写个 2");
blockingQueue.put("2");
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() "t 写个 3");
blockingQueue.put("3");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}).start();
new Thread(()->{
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(blockingQueue.take());
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(blockingQueue.take());
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(blockingQueue.take());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}).start();
}