集群简介
在生产环境中，MongoDB 经常会部署成一个三节点的复制集，或者一个分片集群。我们先来看左边。当 MongoDB 部署为一个复制集时，应用程序通过驱动，直接请求复制集中的主节点，完成读写操作。另外两个从节点，会自动和主节点同步，保持数据的更新。在集群运行的过程中，万一主节点遇到故障，两个从节点会在几秒的时间内选举出新的主节点，继续支持应用的读写操作。
我们再来看右边，当 MongoDB 被部署为一个分片集群时，应用程序通过驱动，访问路由节点，也就是 Mongos 节点 Mongos 节点会根据读写操作中的片键值，把读写操作分发的特定的分片执行，然后把分片的执行结果合并，返回给应用程序。那集群中的数据是如何分布的呢？这些元数据记录在 Config Server 中，这也是一个高可用的复制集。每个分片管理集群中整体数据的一部分，也是一个高可用复制集。此外，路由节点，也就是 Mongos 节点在生产环境通常部署多个。这样，整个分片集群没有任何单点故障。
在这里插入图片描述1.下载
https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-5.0.14.tgz
2.解压
代码语言：txt复制mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-5.0.14.tgz3.创建复制集群
代码语言：txt复制[root@10-0-42-211 mongodb]# mkdir rs1 rs2 rs3
[root@10-0-42-211 mongodb]# /home/mongodb/mongodb/bin/mongod --replSet rs --dbpath /data/mongodb/rs1 --port 27017 --fork --logpath ./rs1/mongod.log --bind_ip_all
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 843
child process started successfully, parent exiting
[root@10-0-42-211 mongodb]# /home/mongodb/mongodb/bin/mongod --replSet rs --dbpath /data/mongodb/rs2 --port 27018 --fork --logpath ./rs2/mongod.log --bind_ip_all
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 906
child process started successfully, parent exiting
[root@10-0-42-211 mongodb]# /home/mongodb/mongodb/bin/mongod --replSet rs --dbpath /data/mongodb/rs3 --port 27019 --fork --logpath ./rs3/mongod.log --bind_ip_all
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 967
child process started successfully, parent exiting4.查看端口情况
代码语言：txt复制[root@10-0-42-211 mongodb]# netstat -anop | grep 2701
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:27017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 843/mongod off (0.00/0/0)
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:27018 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 906/mongod off (0.00/0/0)
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:27019 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 967/mongod off (0.00/0/0)
tcp 0 0 10.0.42.211:27019 10.6.1.26:59287 ESTABLISHED 967/mongod keepalive (54.41/0/0)
tcp 0 0 10.0.42.211:27018 10.6.1.26:59285 ESTABLISHED 906/mongod keepalive (42.12/0/0)
tcp 0 0 10.0.42.211:27017 10.6.1.26:59281 ESTABLISHED 843/mongod keepalive (30.09/0/0)
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 116503 967/mongod /tmp/mongodb-27019.sock
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 116478 843/mongod /tmp/mongodb-27017.sock
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 116492 906/mongod /tmp/mongodb-27018.sock5.指定复制集配置
/home/mongodb/mongodb/bin/mongo
进入进行设置
代码语言：txt复制rs.initiate()
rs.add ('10.0.42.211:27018')
rs.add ('10.0.42.211:27019')
rs.status()rs:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
"set" : "rs",
"date" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:54.485Z"),
"myState" : 1,
"term" : NumberLong(1),
"syncSourceHost" : "",
"syncSourceId" : -1,
"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
"majorityVoteCount" : 2,
"writeMajorityCount" : 2,
"votingMembersCount" : 3,
"writableVotingMembersCount" : 3,
"optimes" : {
"lastCommittedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1669103566, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"lastCommittedWallTime" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:46.945Z"),
"readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1669103566, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"appliedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1669103566, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"durableOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1669103566, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"lastAppliedWallTime" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:46.945Z"),
"lastDurableWallTime" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:46.945Z")
},
"lastStableRecoveryTimestamp" : Timestamp(1669103536, 1),
"electionCandidateMetrics" : {
"lastElectionReason" : "electionTimeout",
"lastElectionDate" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:24:15.765Z"),
"electionTerm" : NumberLong(1),
"lastCommittedOpTimeAtElection" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1669101855, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"lastSeenOpTimeAtElection" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1669101855, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"numVotesNeeded" : 1,
"priorityAtElection" : 1,
"electionTimeoutMillis" : NumberLong(10000),
"newTermStartDate" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:24:16.518Z"),
"wMajorityWriteAvailabilityDate" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:24:16.905Z")
},
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"name" : "10-0-42-211:27017",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 1,
"stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
"uptime" : 1950,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1669103566, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:46Z"),
"lastAppliedWallTime" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:46.945Z"),
"lastDurableWallTime" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:46.945Z"),
"syncSourceHost" : "",
"syncSourceId" : -1,
"infoMessage" : "",
"electionTime" : Timestamp(1669101855, 2),
"electionDate" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:24:15Z"),
"configVersion" : 5,
"configTerm" : 1,
"self" : true,
"lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"name" : "10.0.42.211:27018",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 1688,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1669103566, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1669103566, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:46Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:46Z"),
"lastAppliedWallTime" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:46.945Z"),
"lastDurableWallTime" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:46.945Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:52.764Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:52.764Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
"syncSourceHost" : "10-0-42-211:27017",
"syncSourceId" : 0,
"infoMessage" : "",
"configVersion" : 5,
"configTerm" : 1
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"name" : "10.0.42.211:27019",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 1670,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1669103566, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1669103566, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:46Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:46Z"),
"lastAppliedWallTime" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:46.945Z"),
"lastDurableWallTime" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:46.945Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:52.764Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2022-11-22T07:52:52.763Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
"syncSourceHost" : "10.0.42.211:27018",
"syncSourceId" : 1,
"infoMessage" : "",
"configVersion" : 5,
"configTerm" : 1
}
],
"ok" : 1,
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1669103566, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1669103566, 1)
}6.创建用户
代码语言：txt复制use admin
db.createUser({ user:'admin',pwd:'123456',roles:[ { role:'userAdminAnyDatabase', db: 'admin'},"readWriteAnyDatabase"]});
db.auth('admin', '123456')7.navcat 登录
只登录主节点可以进行读写，从节点只能读不可写
