为了将proto文件转成编程语言代码，需要安装编译工具protoc。本篇验证使用 Bazel 构建 是否能和手动执行 protoc 和插件 的编译一样的结果。
本篇的代码放在： https://github.com/backendcloud/example/tree/master/bazel-sample/protobuf
三个proto源码：
代码语言：javascript复制 ⚡ root@localhost ~/bazel-sample/protobuf main ± more proto/*.proto
::::::::::::::
proto/address.proto
::::::::::::::
syntax = "proto3";option go_package = "github.com/jun06t/bazel-sample/protobuf/proto;user";package user;import "proto/zipcode.proto";message Address {
string city = 1;
ZipCode zip_code = 2;}::::::::::::::
proto/user.proto
::::::::::::::
syntax = "proto3";option go_package = "github.com/jun06t/bazel-sample/protobuf/proto;user";package user;import "proto/address.proto";import "google/protobuf/any.proto";message User {
string id = 1;
string name = 2;
Address address = 3;
google.protobuf.Any tags = 4;}::::::::::::::
proto/zipcode.proto
::::::::::::::
syntax = "proto3";option go_package = "github.com/jun06t/bazel-sample/protobuf/proto;user";package user;message ZipCode {
string code = 1;}Bazel 构建
执行gazelle：
代码语言：javascript复制⚡ root@localhost ~/bazel-sample/protobuf main ± bazelisk run //:gazelle
Starting local Bazel server and connecting to it...
INFO: SHA256 (https://golang.org/dl/?mode=json&include=all) = 5d539711d20290d769b21f137348eea164d5fd408cfc6483c9937d9e1a2a6d98
INFO: Analyzed target //:gazelle (63 packages loaded, 7894 targets configured).
INFO: Found 1 target...
Target //:gazelle up-to-date:
bazel-bin/gazelle-runner.bash
bazel-bin/gazelle
INFO: Elapsed time: 25.913s, Critical Path: 0.15s
INFO: 1 process: 1 internal.
INFO: Build completed successfully, 1 total action
INFO: Build completed successfully, 1 total action执行完 bazelisk run //:gazelle 命令后会自动生成下面的BUILD文件：
代码语言：javascript复制 ⚡ root@localhost ~/bazel-sample/protobuf main ± cat proto/BUILD.bazel
load("@rules_proto//proto:defs.bzl", "proto_library")load("@io_bazel_rules_go//go:def.bzl", "go_library")load("@io_bazel_rules_go//proto:def.bzl", "go_proto_library")proto_library(
name = "user_proto",
srcs = [
"address.proto", "user.proto", "zipcode.proto", ],
visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
deps = ["@com_google_protobuf//:any_proto"],)go_proto_library(
name = "user_go_proto",
importpath = "github.com/jun06t/bazel-sample/protobuf/proto",
proto = ":user_proto",
visibility = ["//visibility:public"],)go_library(
name = "proto",
embed = [":user_go_proto"],
importpath = "github.com/jun06t/bazel-sample/protobuf/proto",
visibility = ["//visibility:public"],)执行 bazelisk build //proto 命令：
代码语言：javascript复制 ⚡ root@localhost ~/bazel-sample/protobuf main ± bazelisk build //proto
Starting local Bazel server and connecting to it...
INFO: SHA256 (https://golang.org/dl/?mode=json&include=all) = 5d539711d20290d769b21f137348eea164d5fd408cfc6483c9937d9e1a2a6d98
INFO: Analyzed target //proto:proto (78 packages loaded, 8783 targets configured).
INFO: Found 1 target...
INFO: From Compiling src/google/protobuf/message_lite.cc:
In file included from /usr/include/string.h:519,
from external/com_google_protobuf/src/google/protobuf/stubs/port.h:39,
from external/com_google_protobuf/src/google/protobuf/stubs/macros.h:34,
from external/com_google_protobuf/src/google/protobuf/stubs/common.h:46,
from external/com_google_protobuf/src/google/protobuf/message_lite.h:45,
from external/com_google_protobuf/src/google/protobuf/message_lite.cc:36:
In function 'void* memcpy(void*, const void*, size_t)',
inlined from 'google::protobuf::uint8* google::protobuf::io::EpsCopyOutputStream::WriteRaw(const void*, int, google::protobuf::uint8*)' at external/com_google_protobuf/src/google/protobuf/io/coded_stream.h:699:16,
inlined from 'virtual google::protobuf::uint8* google::protobuf::internal::ImplicitWeakMessage::_InternalSerialize(google::protobuf::uint8*, google::protobuf::io::EpsCopyOutputStream*) const' at external/com_google_protobuf/src/google/protobuf/implicit_weak_message.h:85:28,
inlined from 'bool google::protobuf::MessageLite::SerializePartialToZeroCopyStream(google::protobuf::io::ZeroCopyOutputStream*) const' at external/com_google_protobuf/src/google/protobuf/message_lite.cc:419:30:
/usr/include/bits/string_fortified.h:29:33: warning: 'void* __builtin___memcpy_chk(void*, const void*, long unsigned int, long unsigned int)' specified size between 18446744071562067968 and 18446744073709551615 exceeds maximum object size 9223372036854775807 [-Wstringop-overflow=]
29 | return __builtin___memcpy_chk (__dest, __src, __len, | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 30 | __glibc_objsize0 (__dest));
| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Target //proto:proto up-to-date:
bazel-bin/proto/proto.a
INFO: Elapsed time: 134.893s, Critical Path: 9.33s
INFO: 267 processes: 7 internal, 260 linux-sandbox.
INFO: Build completed successfully, 267 total actionsbazel构建完成后生成下面的3个 .pb.go 文件：
代码语言：javascript复制 ⚡ root@localhost ~/bazel-sample/protobuf main ± tree bazel-bin/proto
bazel-bin/proto
├── proto.a
├── proto.x
├── user_go_proto_
│ └── github.com
│ └── jun06t
│ └── bazel-sample
│ └── protobuf
│ └── proto
│ ├── address.pb.go
│ ├── user.pb.go
│ └── zipcode.pb.go
└── user_proto-descriptor-set.proto.bin6 directories, 6 files手动执行 protoc 编译
代码语言：javascript复制 ⚡ root@localhost ~/bazel-sample/protobuf main protoc --go_out=. --go_opt=paths=source_relative --go-grpc_out=. --go-grpc_opt=paths=source_relative proto/*.proto
google/protobuf/any.proto: File not found.
proto/user.proto:8:1: Import "google/protobuf/any.proto" was not found or had errors.
proto/user.proto:14:3: "google.protobuf.Any" is not defined.报错，因为安装protoc只装了可执行文件protoc，少装了文件：
代码语言：javascript复制wget https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/vxx.xx.xx/protoc-xx.xx.xx-linux-x86_64.zipunzip protoc-xx.xx.xx-linux-x86_64.zipcp bin/protoc /usr/bin/cp -r include/google /usr/include/
注：最后一行是为了将proto的一些库复制到系统，例如google/protobuf/any.proto，如果不复制，编译如果用了里面的库例如Any，会提示：protobuf google.protobuf.Any not found 。补复制了下 include/ 文件夹，编译后，生成了下面的3个 .pb.go 文件：
代码语言：javascript复制 ⚡ root@localhost ~/bazel-sample/protobuf main ± ls proto/*
proto/address.proto proto/BUILD.bazel proto/user.proto proto/zipcode.proto
⚡ root@localhost ~/bazel-sample/protobuf main ± protoc --go_out=. --go_opt=paths=source_relative --go-grpc_out=. --go-grpc_opt=paths=source_relative proto/*.proto
⚡ root@localhost ~/bazel-sample/protobuf main ± ls proto/*
proto/address.pb.go proto/address.proto proto/BUILD.bazel proto/user.pb.go proto/user.proto proto/zipcode.pb.go proto/zipcode.proto对比生成的3个 .pb.go 文件
代码语言：javascript复制 ⚡ root@localhost ~/bazel-sample/protobuf main ± diff bazel-bin/proto/user_go_proto_/github.com/jun06t/bazel-sample/protobuf/proto/address.pb.go proto/address.pb.go
3,4c3,4< // protoc-gen-go v1.27.1< // protoc v3.14.0
---> // protoc-gen-go v1.28.0> // protoc v3.21.4
✘ ⚡ root@localhost ~/bazel-sample/protobuf main ± diff bazel-bin/proto/user_go_proto_/github.com/jun06t/bazel-sample/protobuf/proto/zipcode.pb.go proto/zipcode.pb.go
3,4c3,4< // protoc-gen-go v1.27.1< // protoc v3.14.0
---> // protoc-gen-go v1.28.0> // protoc v3.21.4
✘ ⚡ root@localhost ~/bazel-sample/protobuf main ± diff bazel-bin/proto/user_go_proto_/github.com/jun06t/bazel-sample/protobuf/proto/user.pb.go proto/user.pb.go
3,4c3,4< // protoc-gen-go v1.27.1< // protoc v3.14.0
---> // protoc-gen-go v1.28.0> // protoc v3.21.4发现两种方式编译结果除了Bazel构建选用的两个工具的版本和手动编译的不一致，其他内容完全一致。手动的版本较新是因为是去Github手动下载的最新发布的版本。
