测试环境
Python 3.6
Win10
代码实现
代码语言：javascript复制#!/usr/bin/env python 3.4.0
#-*- encoding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = 'shouke'
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
def compare_xml_node_attributes(xml_node1, xml_node2):
result = []
node1_attributes_dict = xml_node1.attrib
node2_attributes_dict = xml_node2.attrib
for attrib1, value in node1_attributes_dict.items():
value2 = node2_attributes_dict.get(attrib1)
if value == value2:
node2_attributes_dict.pop(attrib1)
else:
if value2:
attrib2 = attrib1
node2_attributes_dict.pop(attrib2)
else:
attrib2 = '不存在'
result.append('结点1属性：{attrib1} 值：{value1}，结点2属性：{attrib1} 值：{value2}'.format(attrib1=attrib1 or '不存在',
value1=value or '不存在',
attrib2=attrib2,
value2=value2 or '不存在'))
for attrib2, value2 in node2_attributes_dict.items():
result.append('结点1属性：{attrib1} 值：{value1}，结点2属性：{attrib1} 值：{value2}'.format(attrib1='不存在',
value1='不存在',
attrib2=attrib2,
value2=value2))
return result
def compare_xml_node_children(xml_node1, xml_node2, node1_xpath, node2_xpath):
def get_node_children(xml_node, node_xpath):
result = {}
for child in list(xml_node):
if child.tag not in result:
result[child.tag] = [{'node':child, 'xpath': '%s/%s[%s]' % (node_xpath, child.tag, 1)}]
else:
result[child.tag].append({'node':child, 'xpath': '%s/%s[%s]' % (node_xpath, child.tag, len(result[child.tag]) 1)})
return result
result = []
children_of_node1_dict = get_node_children(xml_node1, node1_xpath)
children_of_node2_dict = get_node_children(xml_node2, node2_xpath)
temp_list1 = []
temp_list2 = []
for child_tag, child_node_list in children_of_node1_dict.items():
second_child_node_list = children_of_node2_dict.get(child_tag, [])
if not second_child_node_list:
# 获取xml1中比xml2中多出的子结点
for i in range(0, len(child_node_list)):
temp_list1.append('%s/%s[%s]' % (node1_xpath, child_node_list[i]['node'].tag, i 1))
continue
for first_child, second_child in zip(child_node_list, second_child_node_list):
result.extend(compare_xml_nodes(first_child['node'], second_child['node'], first_child['xpath'], second_child['xpath']))
# 获取xml2中对应结点比xml1中对应结点多出的同名子结点
for i in range(len(child_node_list), len(second_child_node_list)):
temp_list2.append('%s/%s[%s]' % (node2_xpath, second_child_node_list[i]['node'].tag, i 1))
children_of_node2_dict.pop(child_tag)
if temp_list1:
result.append('子结点不一样：xml1结点(xpath：{xpath1})比xml2结点(xpath：{xpath2})多了以下子结点：n{differences}'.format (xpath1=node1_xpath,
xpath2=node2_xpath,
differences='n'.join(temp_list1)))
# 获取xml2比xml1中多出的子结点
for child_tag, child_node_list in children_of_node2_dict.items():
for i in range(0, len(child_node_list)):
temp_list2.append('%s/%s[%s]' % (node1_xpath, child_node_list[i]['node'].tag, i 1))
if temp_list2:
result.append('子结点不一样：xml1结点(xpath：{xpath1})比xml2结点(xpath：{xpath2})少了以下子结点：n{differences}'.format (xpath1=node1_xpath,
xpath2=node2_xpath,
differences='n'.join(temp_list2)))
return result
def compare_xml_nodes(xml_node1, xml_node2, node1_xpath='', node2_xpath=''):
result = []
# 比较标签
if xml_node1.tag != xml_node2.tag:
result.append('标签不一样：xml1结点(xpath：{xpath1})：{tag1}，xml2结点(xpath：{xpath2})：{tag2}'.format (xpath1=node1_xpath,
tag1=xml_node1.tag,
xpath2=node2_xpath,
tag2=xml_node2.tag))
# 比较文本
if xml_node1.text != xml_node2.text:
result.append('文本不一样：xml1结点(xpath：{xpath1})：{text1}，xml2结点(xpath：{xpath2})：{text2}'.format (xpath1=node1_xpath,
tag1=xml_node1.text or '',
xpath2=node2_xpath,
tag2=xml_node2.text or ''))
# 比较属性
res = compare_xml_node_attributes(xml_node1, xml_node2)
if res:
result.append('属性不一样：xml1结点(xpath：{xpath1})，xml2结点(xpath：{xpath2})：n{differences}'.format (xpath1=node1_xpath,
xpath2=node2_xpath,
differences='n'.join(res)))
# 比较子结点
res = compare_xml_node_children(xml_node1, xml_node2, node1_xpath, node2_xpath)
if res:
result.extend(res)
return result
def compare_xml_strs(xml1_str, xml2_str, mode=3):
'''
@param: mode 比较模式，预留，暂时没用。目前默认 xml 子元素如果为列表，则列表有序列表，按序比较
'''
root1 = ET.fromstring(xml1_str.strip())
root2 = ET.fromstring(xml2_str.strip())
return compare_xml_nodes(root1, root2, '/%s' % root1.tag, '/%s' % root2.tag)测试运行
代码语言：javascript复制xml_str1 = '''
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<data>
<country name="Liechtenstein">
<rangk>1</rangk>
<year>2008</year>
<gdppc>141100</gdppc>
<neighbor name="Austria" direction="E" ></neighbor>
<neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W" ></neighbor>
</country>
<country name="Singpore">
<rank>4</rank>
<year>2011</year>
<gdppc>59900</gdppc>
<neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N" ></neighbor>
</country>
<country name="Panama">
<rank>68</rank>
<year>2011</year>
<gdppc>13600</gdppc>
<neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W" ></neighbor>
<neighbor name="Colombia" direction="W" ></neighbor>
</country>
</data>
'''
xml_str2 = '''
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<data>
<country name="Liechtenstein">
<rangk>1</rangk>
<year>2008</year>
<gdppc>141100</gdppc>
<neighbor name="Austria" direction="E" ></neighbor>
<neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W" ></neighbor>
</country>
<country name="Singpore">
<rank>4</rank>
<year>2011</year>
<gdppc>59900</gdppc>
<neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N" ></neighbor>
</country>
<country name="Panama">
<rank>68</rank>
<year>2011</year>
<gdppc>13600</gdppc>
<neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W" ></neighbor>
<neighbor name="Colombia" direction="W" ></neighbor>
</country>
</data>
'''
xml_str3 = '''
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<data>
<class name="computer">
<rangk>1</rangk>
<year>unknow</year>
<addr>sz</addr>
<book name="java programming" price="10" ></book>
<book name="python programming" price="10" ></book>
</class>
<class name="philosophy">
<rangk>2</rangk>
<year>unknown</year>
<book name="A little history of philosophy" price="15" ></book>
<book name="contemporary introduction" price="15" ></book>
</class>
<class name="history">
<rangk>3</rangk>
<year>unknown</year>
<addr>other addr</addr>
<book name="The South China Sea" price="10" ></book>
<book name="Chinese Among Others" price="10" ></book>
</class>
</data>
'''
xml_str4 = '''
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<data>
<class name="computer">
<year>unknow</year>
<addr>sz</addr>
<book name="java programming" price="10" ></book>
<book name="python programming" price="10" ></book>
</class>
<class name="philosophy">
<year>unknown</year>
<addr>other addr</addr>
<book name="A little history of philosophy" price="15" ></book>
<book name="contemporary introduction" price="16" ></book>
</class>
</data>
'''
if __name__ == '__main__':
res_list = compare_xml_strs(xml_str1, xml_str2)
if res_list:
print('xml1和xml2不一样:n%s' % 'n'.join(res_list))
else:
print('xml1和xml2一样')
res_list = compare_xml_strs(xml_str3, xml_str4)
if res_list:
print('xml3和xml4不一样:n%s' % 'n'.join(res_list))
else:
print('xml3和xml4一样')运行结果
代码语言：javascript复制xml1和xml2一样
xml3和xml4不一样:
子结点不一样：xml1结点(xpath：/data/class[1])比xml2结点(xpath：/data/class[1])多了以下子结点：
/data/class[1]/rangk[1]
属性不一样：xml1结点(xpath：/data/class[2]/book[2])，xml2结点(xpath：/data/class[2]/book[2])：
结点1属性：price 值：15，结点2属性：price 值：16
子结点不一样：xml1结点(xpath：/data/class[2])比xml2结点(xpath：/data/class[2])多了以下子结点：
/data/class[2]/rangk[1]
子结点不一样：xml1结点(xpath：/data/class[2])比xml2结点(xpath：/data/class[2])少了以下子结点：
/data/class[2]/addr[1]
