轻松解析excel文件 —-利用MFC读取excel文件

2022-09-07 16:47:45 浏览数 (1)

大家好，又见面了，我是你们的朋友全栈君。

在项目中需要解析excel文件，尝试了很多办法，最后还是利用MFC自带的解析Excel类。网上的资源很多，前面添加类步骤基本差不多，都能成功，但是在自己写类进行封装的时候，抄袭现象很明显，很多错误还是接着一字不差的发上来。最后找了一个错误不是很多的，自己修改封装，先附上一个demo。

（1）在Button控件下添加以下代码用于选取需要读取的文件

代码语言：javascript复制
string path;
	path = CT2A(Infilepath);
	//char* path = const_cast<char*>(line1.c_str()); //sting 转 char*
	Excel excl;
	bool bInit = excl.initExcel();

    //打开excel文件
	if (!excl.open(path.c_str()))
	{
		AfxMessageBox(_T("excel文件打开出错!"));
	}

	CString strSheetName = excl.getSheetName(1);//获取sheet名  
	bool bLoad = excl.loadSheet(strSheetName);//装载sheet  
	int nRow = excl.getRowCount();//获取sheet中行数  
	//int nCol = excl.getColumnCount();//获取sheet中列数

（2）在需要调用的地方添加以下代码，可以读取任意表格

代码语言：javascript复制
        string path;
	path = CT2A(Infilepath);
	//char* path = const_cast<char*>(line1.c_str()); //sting 转 char*
	Excel excl;
	bool bInit = excl.initExcel();

       //打开excel文件
	if (!excl.open(path.c_str()))
	{
		AfxMessageBox(_T("excel文件打开出错!"));
	}

	CString strSheetName = excl.getSheetName(1);//获取第一个sheet名  
	bool bLoad = excl.loadSheet(strSheetName);//装载sheet  
	int nRow = excl.getRowCount();//获取sheet中行数  
	int nCol = excl.getColumnCount();//获取sheet中列数  
        CString cell;
	string cells;
	for (int i = 1; i <= nRow;   i)
	{
            for（int j = 1; j <=  nCol ;   j）{		
		cell = excl.getCellString(i, j);  获取一个单元格数据
	        cells = CT2A(cell);               //将获取的单元格转换为string类型数据
          }
        }

以上代码经过VS实测，保证正确。

下面附上详细调用MFC excel类的过程以及封装好的excel类。

1 创建mfc程序(这里以vs2015为例)

到这里直接点击完成即可。

2 添加读取excel文件用到的类

2.1 打开类向导（ctrl alt x）

2.2 添加类

将_Application、Range、_Workbook、_Worksheet、Workbooks、Worksheets添加到“生成的类”中

3 添加完成后，找到所有刚添加的相关头文件，注释/删除第一句话

#import “D:\software\office2010\Office14\EXCEL.EXE”no_namespace

4 再次编译还是有错误

定位错误信息，将DialogBox()改为_DialogBox()

5 特别注意：如果在有stdafx头文件时，一定要在每个头文件之前都加上，不然会报错（这个坑我进去很久才出来）

到此，MFC里面解析excel就添加成功了。

最后添加上封装好excel.h和excel.cpp文件。以下为源码，保证能运行

代码语言：javascript复制
//excel.h 
#pragma once
#include "CApplication.h"  
#include "CRange.h"  
#include "CWorkbook.h"  
#include "CWorkbooks.h"  
#include "CWorksheet.h"  
#include "CWorksheets.h" 


class Excel
{
private:
	CString openFileName;
	CWorkbook workBook;//当前处理文件  
	CWorkbooks books;//ExcelBook集合，多文件时使用  
	CWorksheet workSheet;//当前使用sheet  
	CWorksheets sheets;//Excel的sheet集合  
	CRange currentRange;//当前操作区域  

	bool isLoad;//是否已经加载了某个sheet数据  

	COleSafeArray safeArray;

protected:
	static CApplication application;//Excel进程实例  

public:
	Excel();
	virtual ~Excel();



	void show(bool bShow);

	//检查一个cell是否为字符串  
	bool isCellString(long iRow, long iColumn);

	//检查一个cell是否为数值  
	bool isCellInt(long iRow, long iColumn);

	//得到一个cell的string  
	CString getCellString(long iRow, long iColumn);

	//得到一个cell的整数  
	int getCellInt(long iRow, long iColumn);

	//得到一个cell的double数据  
	double getCellDouble(long iRow, long iColumn);

	//取得行的总数  
	int getRowCount();

	//取得列的整数  
	int getColumnCount();

	//使用某个shell  
	bool loadSheet(long tableId, bool preLoaded = false);
	bool loadSheet(CString sheet, bool preLoaded = false);


	//通过序号取得某个shell的名称  
	CString getSheetName(long tableID);

	//得到sheel的总数  
	int getSheetCount();

	//打开excel文件  
	bool open(const char* fileName);

	//关闭打开的excel文件  
	void close(bool ifSave = false);

	//另存为一个excel文件  
	void saveAsXLSFile(const CString &xlsFile);

	//取得打开文件的名称  
	CString getOpenFileName();

	//取得打开sheel的名称  
	CString getOpenSheelName();

	//向cell中写入一个int值  
	void setCellInt(long iRow, long iColumn, int newInt);

	//向cell中写入一个字符串  
	void setCellString(long iRow, long iColumn, CString newString);


public:
	//初始化 Excel_OLE  
	static bool initExcel();

	//释放Excel_OLE  
	static void release();

	//取得列的名称  
	static char* getColumnName(long iColumn);

protected:
	void preLoadSheet();
};
代码语言：javascript复制
//Excel.cpp

#include "stdafx.h"  
#include <tchar.h>  
#include "Excel.h"  


COleVariant
covTrue((short)TRUE),
covFalse((short)FALSE),
covOptional((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR);

CApplication Excel::application;

Excel::Excel() :isLoad(false)
{
}

Excel::~Excel()
{
	//close();  
}
bool Excel::initExcel()
{
	//创建Excel 2000服务器(启动Excel)     
	if (!application.CreateDispatch(_T("Excel.application"), nullptr))
	{
		MessageBox(nullptr, _T("创建Excel服务失败,你可能没有安装EXCEL，请检查!"), _T("错误"), MB_OK);
		return FALSE;
	}

	application.put_DisplayAlerts(FALSE);
	return true;
}


void Excel::release()
{
	application.Quit();
	application.ReleaseDispatch();
	application = nullptr;
}

bool Excel::open(const char*  fileName)
{

	//先关闭文件  
	close();

	//利用模板建立新文档  
	books.AttachDispatch(application.get_Workbooks(), true);


	LPDISPATCH lpDis = nullptr;
	lpDis = books.Add(COleVariant(CString(fileName)));

	if (lpDis)
	{
		workBook.AttachDispatch(lpDis);

		sheets.AttachDispatch(workBook.get_Worksheets());

		openFileName = fileName;
		return true;
	}

	return false;
}

void Excel::close(bool ifSave)
{
	//如果文件已经打开，关闭文件  
	if (!openFileName.IsEmpty())
	{
		//如果保存,交给用户控制,让用户自己存，如果自己SAVE，会出现莫名的等待    
		if (ifSave)
		{
			//show(true);  
		}
		else
		{
			workBook.Close(COleVariant(short(FALSE)), COleVariant(openFileName), covOptional);
			books.Close();
		}

		//清空打开文件名称  
		openFileName.Empty();
	}


	sheets.ReleaseDispatch();
	workSheet.ReleaseDispatch();
	currentRange.ReleaseDispatch();
	workBook.ReleaseDispatch();
	books.ReleaseDispatch();
}

void Excel::saveAsXLSFile(const CString &xlsFile)
{
	workBook.SaveAs(COleVariant(xlsFile),
		covOptional,
		covOptional,
		covOptional,
		covOptional,
		covOptional,
		0,
		covOptional,
		covOptional,
		covOptional,
		covOptional,
		covOptional);
	return;
}


int Excel::getSheetCount()
{
	return sheets.get_Count();
}

CString Excel::getSheetName(long tableID)
{
	CWorksheet sheet;
	sheet.AttachDispatch(sheets.get_Item(COleVariant((long)tableID)));
	CString name = sheet.get_Name();
	sheet.ReleaseDispatch();
	return name;
}


void Excel::preLoadSheet()
{
	CRange used_range;

	used_range = workSheet.get_UsedRange();


	VARIANT ret_ary = used_range.get_Value2();
	if (!(ret_ary.vt & VT_ARRAY))
	{
		return;
	}
	//    
	safeArray.Clear();
	safeArray.Attach(ret_ary);
}

//按照名称加载sheet表格，也可提前加载所有表格  
bool Excel::loadSheet(long tableId, bool preLoaded)
{
	LPDISPATCH lpDis = nullptr;
	currentRange.ReleaseDispatch();
	currentRange.ReleaseDispatch();
	lpDis = sheets.get_Item(COleVariant((long)tableId));
	if (lpDis)
	{
		workSheet.AttachDispatch(lpDis, true);
		currentRange.AttachDispatch(workSheet.get_Cells(), true);
	}
	else
	{
		return false;
	}

	isLoad = false;
	//如果进行预先加载    
	if (preLoaded)
	{
		preLoadSheet();
		isLoad = true;
	}

	return true;
}


bool Excel::loadSheet(CString sheet, bool preLoaded)
{
	LPDISPATCH lpDis = nullptr;
	currentRange.ReleaseDispatch();
	currentRange.ReleaseDispatch();

	lpDis = sheets.get_Item(COleVariant(sheet));
	if (lpDis)
	{
		workSheet.AttachDispatch(lpDis, true);
		currentRange.AttachDispatch(workSheet.get_Cells(), true);
	}
	else
	{
		return false;
	}

	isLoad = false;
	//如果进行预先加载    
	if (preLoaded)
	{
		preLoadSheet();
		isLoad = true;
	}

	return true;
}


int Excel::getColumnCount()
{
	CRange range;
	CRange usedRange;

	usedRange.AttachDispatch(workSheet.get_UsedRange(), true);
	range.AttachDispatch(usedRange.get_Columns(), true);
	int count = range.get_Count();

	usedRange.ReleaseDispatch();
	range.ReleaseDispatch();

	return count;
}
int Excel::getRowCount()
{
	CRange range;
	CRange usedRange;

	usedRange.AttachDispatch(workSheet.get_UsedRange(), true);
	range.AttachDispatch(usedRange.get_Rows(), true);

	int count = range.get_Count();

	usedRange.ReleaseDispatch();
	range.ReleaseDispatch();

	return count;
}
bool Excel::isCellString(long iRow, long iColumn)
{
	CRange range;
	range.AttachDispatch(currentRange.get_Item(COleVariant((long)iRow), COleVariant((long)iColumn)).pdispVal, true);
	COleVariant vResult = range.get_Value2();
	//VT_BSTR标示字符串    
	if (vResult.vt == VT_BSTR)
	{
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}

bool Excel::isCellInt(long iRow, long iColumn)
{

	CRange range;
	range.AttachDispatch(currentRange.get_Item(COleVariant((long)iRow), COleVariant((long)iColumn)).pdispVal, true);
	COleVariant vResult = range.get_Value2();
	//VT_BSTR标示字符串    
	if (vResult.vt == VT_INT || vResult.vt == VT_R8)
	{
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}
CString Excel::getCellString(long iRow, long iColumn)
{
	COleVariant vResult;
	CString str;
	//字符串    
	if (isLoad == false)
	{
		CRange range;
		range.AttachDispatch(currentRange.get_Item(COleVariant((long)iRow), COleVariant((long)iColumn)).pdispVal, true);
		vResult = range.get_Value2();
		range.ReleaseDispatch();
	}
	//如果数据依据预先加载了    
	else
	{
		long read_address[2];
		VARIANT val;
		read_address[0] = iRow;
		read_address[1] = iColumn;
		safeArray.GetElement(read_address, &val);
		vResult = val;
	}

	if (vResult.vt == VT_BSTR)
	{
		str = vResult.bstrVal;
	}
	//整数    
	else if (vResult.vt == VT_INT)
	{
		str.Format(_T("%d"), vResult.pintVal);
	}
	//8字节的数字     
	else if (vResult.vt == VT_R8)
	{
		str.Format(_T("%0.0f"), vResult.dblVal);
	}
	//时间格式    
	else if (vResult.vt == VT_DATE)
	{
		SYSTEMTIME st;
		VariantTimeToSystemTime(vResult.date, &st);
		CTime tm(st);
		str = tm.Format(_T("%Y-%m-%d"));

	}
	//单元格空的    
	else if (vResult.vt == VT_EMPTY)
	{
		str = "";
	}

	return str;
}

double Excel::getCellDouble(long iRow, long iColumn)
{
	double rtn_value = 0;
	COleVariant vresult;
	//字符串    
	if (isLoad == false)
	{
		CRange range;
		range.AttachDispatch(currentRange.get_Item(COleVariant((long)iRow), COleVariant((long)iColumn)).pdispVal, true);
		vresult = range.get_Value2();
		range.ReleaseDispatch();
	}
	//如果数据依据预先加载了    
	else
	{
		long read_address[2];
		VARIANT val;
		read_address[0] = iRow;
		read_address[1] = iColumn;
		safeArray.GetElement(read_address, &val);
		vresult = val;
	}

	if (vresult.vt == VT_R8)
	{
		rtn_value = vresult.dblVal;
	}

	return rtn_value;
}

int Excel::getCellInt(long iRow, long iColumn)
{
	int num;
	COleVariant vresult;

	if (isLoad == FALSE)
	{
		CRange range;
		range.AttachDispatch(currentRange.get_Item(COleVariant((long)iRow), COleVariant((long)iColumn)).pdispVal, true);
		vresult = range.get_Value2();
		range.ReleaseDispatch();
	}
	else
	{
		long read_address[2];
		VARIANT val;
		read_address[0] = iRow;
		read_address[1] = iColumn;
		safeArray.GetElement(read_address, &val);
		vresult = val;
	}
	//    
	num = static_cast<int>(vresult.dblVal);

	return num;
}

void Excel::setCellString(long iRow, long iColumn, CString newString)
{
	COleVariant new_value(newString);
	CRange start_range = workSheet.get_Range(COleVariant(_T("A1")), covOptional);
	CRange write_range = start_range.get_Offset(COleVariant((long)iRow - 1), COleVariant((long)iColumn - 1));
	write_range.put_Value2(new_value);
	start_range.ReleaseDispatch();
	write_range.ReleaseDispatch();
}

void Excel::setCellInt(long iRow, long iColumn, int newInt)
{
	COleVariant new_value((long)newInt);
	CRange start_range = workSheet.get_Range(COleVariant(_T("A1")), covOptional);
	CRange write_range = start_range.get_Offset(COleVariant((long)iRow - 1), COleVariant((long)iColumn - 1));
	write_range.put_Value2(new_value);
	start_range.ReleaseDispatch();
	write_range.ReleaseDispatch();
}


void Excel::show(bool bShow)
{
	application.put_Visible(bShow);
	application.put_UserControl(bShow);
}

CString Excel::getOpenFileName()
{
	return openFileName;
}

CString Excel::getOpenSheelName()
{
	return workSheet.get_Name();
}

char* Excel::getColumnName(long iColumn)
{
	static char column_name[64];
	size_t str_len = 0;

	while (iColumn > 0)
	{
		int num_data = iColumn % 26;
		iColumn /= 26;
		if (num_data == 0)
		{
			num_data = 26;
			iColumn--;
		}
		column_name[str_len] = (char)((num_data - 1)   'A');
		str_len  ;
	}
	column_name[str_len] = '';
	//反转    
	_strrev(column_name);

	return column_name;
}

到这儿就能正常解析excel文件

ps：demo里面仅仅展示了excel类的部分功能，按照需要使用…….

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