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Maven提供用户,使用原型的概念,不同类型的项目模板(以数字614)是一个非常大的列表。 Maven帮助用户快速开始使用以下命令创建新的Java项目
代码语言:javascript复制mvn archetype:generate
什么是原型?
原型是一个Maven插件,其任务是创建一个项目结构按照其模板。我们将使用快速启动原型插件在这里创建一个简单的Java应用程序。
使用项目模板
让我们打开命令控制台,进入到C:> MVN目录,然后执行以下命令mvn命令
代码语言:javascript复制C:MVN>mvn archetype:generate
Maven会开始处理,并会要求选择所需的原型
代码语言:javascript复制INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] Searching repository for plugin with prefix: 'archetype'.
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Maven Default Project
[INFO] task-segment: [archetype:generate] (aggregator-style)
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Preparing archetype:generate
...
600: remote -> org.trailsframework:trails-archetype (-)
601: remote -> org.trailsframework:trails-secure-archetype (-)
602: remote -> org.tynamo:tynamo-archetype (-)
603: remote -> org.wicketstuff.scala:wicket-scala-archetype (-)
604: remote -> org.wicketstuff.scala:wicketstuff-scala-archetype
Basic setup for a project that combines Scala and Wicket,
depending on the Wicket-Scala project.
Includes an example Specs test.)
605: remote -> org.wikbook:wikbook.archetype (-)
606: remote -> org.xaloon.archetype:xaloon-archetype-wicket-jpa-glassfish (-)
607: remote -> org.xaloon.archetype:xaloon-archetype-wicket-jpa-spring (-)
608: remote -> org.xwiki.commons:xwiki-commons-component-archetype
(Make it easy to create a maven project for creating XWiki Components.)
609: remote -> org.xwiki.rendering:xwiki-rendering-archetype-macro
(Make it easy to create a maven project for creating XWiki Rendering Macros.)
610: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-archetype-component (The ZK Component archetype)
611: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-archetype-webapp (The ZK wepapp archetype)
612: remote -> ru.circumflex:circumflex-archetype (-)
613: remote -> se.vgregion.javg.maven.archetypes:javg-minimal-archetype (-)
614: remote -> sk.seges.sesam:sesam-annotation-archetype (-)
Choose a number or apply filter
(format: [groupId:]artifactId, case sensitive contains): 203:
按Enter键选择默认选项(203:Maven原型 – 快速入门)
Maven会要求原型的特定版本
代码语言:javascript复制Choose org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-quickstart version:
1: 1.0-alpha-1
2: 1.0-alpha-2
3: 1.0-alpha-3
4: 1.0-alpha-4
5: 1.0
6: 1.1
Choose a number: 6:
按Enter键选择默认选项(6:Maven原型 – 快速入门:1.1)
Maven会要求项目的细节。输入项目细节的要求。按回车,如果提供的默认值。您可以通过输入自己的值覆盖它们。
代码语言:javascript复制Define value for property 'groupId': : com.companyname.insurance
Define value for property 'artifactId': : health
Define value for property 'version': 1.0-SNAPSHOT:
Define value for property 'package': com.companyname.insurance:
Maven会要求项目的细节确认。按回车键或按Y
代码语言:javascript复制Confirm properties configuration:
groupId: com.companyname.insurance
artifactId: health
version: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
package: com.companyname.insurance
Y:
现在,Maven将开始创建项目结构,并会显示如下内容:
代码语言:javascript复制[INFO] -----------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Using following parameters for creating project
from Old (1.x) Archetype: maven-archetype-quickstart:1.1
[INFO] -----------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.companyname.insurance
[INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: com.companyname.insurance
[INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.companyname.insurance
[INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: health
[INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: C:MVN
[INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: C:MVNhealth
[INFO] -----------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL
[INFO] -----------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 4 minutes 12 seconds
[INFO] Finished at: Fri Jul 13 11:10:12 IST 2012
[INFO] Final Memory: 20M/90M
[INFO] -----------------------------------------------------------------------
创建项目
现在转到C:> MVN目录。会看到一个java应用程序项目创建了这是在创建项目时给出 artifactId 命名为:health 。 Maven将创建一个标准的目录布局如下图所示的项目:
创建的pom.xml
Maven生成如下所列项目中的 pom.xml 文件:
代码语言:javascript复制<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.companyname.insurance</groupId>
<artifactId>health</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>health</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
创建App.java
Maven 示例生成Java源文件,App.java下面列出项目:
位置: C: > MVN > health > src > main > java > com > companyname > insurance > App.java
代码语言:javascript复制package com.companyname.insurance;
/**
* Hello world!
*
*/
public class App
{
public static void main( String[] args )
{
System.out.println( "Hello World!" );
}
}
创建AppTest.java
Maven的样本生成Java源测试文件,AppTest.java下面列出的项目:
位置: C: > MVN > health > src > test > java > com > companyname > insurance > AppTest.java
代码语言:javascript复制package com.companyname.insurance;
import junit.framework.Test;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import junit.framework.TestSuite;
/**
* Unit test for simple App.
*/
public class AppTest
extends TestCase
{
/**
* Create the test case
*
* @param testName name of the test case
*/
public AppTest( String testName )
{
super( testName );
}
/**
* @return the suite of tests being tested
*/
public static Test suite()
{
return new TestSuite( AppTest.class );
}
/**
* Rigourous Test :-)
*/
public void testApp()
{
assertTrue( true );
}
}
就是这样。现在可以看到Maven的功能。您可以创建任何类型,使用 maven 单一命令的项目并启动开发。
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