二进制部署一套高可用K8s集群-v1.24+(一)

2022-09-11 10:54:32 浏览数 (1)

一、系统初始化

  • 说明:本文档的角色规划和系统初始化流程跟下面链接中的文章规划一致,本文不在赘诉!

 二进制部署K8s系统初始化

提示:

  1. 本文档使用的K8s版本为1.24 2.本文档使用的容器运行时为 Containerd 3.本文档使用的网络插件为 Calico 4.本文档使用的系统为 CentOS 7.6,内核版本5.4 5.执行下面的操作之前,请确保K8s-master1节点机器与其它集群节点已经实现了主机名免密和IP免密登入
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二、创建CA根证书和秘钥

1、安装cfssl工具集

项目地址: https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl

代码语言:shell复制
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cd /opt/k8s

[root@k8s-master1 k8s]# wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssl_1.6.1_linux_amd64
[root@k8s-master1 k8s]# mv cfssl_1.6.1_linux_amd64 /opt/k8s/bin/cfssl

[root@k8s-master1 k8s]# wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssljson_1.6.1_linux_amd64 
[root@k8s-master1 k8s]# mv cfssljson_1.6.1_linux_amd64 /opt/k8s/bin/cfssljson

[root@k8s-master1 k8s]# wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssl-certinfo_1.6.1_linux_amd64 
[root@k8s-master1 k8s]# mv cfssl-certinfo_1.6.1_linux_amd64 /opt/k8s/bin/cfssl-certinfo

[root@k8s-master1 k8s]# chmod  x /opt/k8s/bin/*
[root@k8s-master1 k8s]# export PATH=/opt/k8s/bin:$PATH

[root@k8s-master1 k8s]# ls /opt/k8s/bin/

2、创建根证书(CA)

2.1:创建配置文件

代码语言:shell复制
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cd /opt/k8s/work
[root@k8s-master1 work]# mkdir -p ca && cd ca
[root@k8s-master1 ca]# cat > ca-config.json <<EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
        "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ],
        "expiry": "876000h"
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

signing:表示该证书可用于签名其它证书(生成的 ca.pem 证书中 CA=TRUE);

server auth:表示 client 可以用该该证书对 server 提供的证书进行验证;

client auth:表示 server 可以用该该证书对 client 提供的证书进行验证;

"expiry": "876000h":证书有效期设置为 100 年;

2.2:创建证书签名请求文件

代码语言:shell复制
[root@k8s-master1 ca]# cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF
{
  "CN": "kubernetes-ca",
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "dqz"
    }
  ],
  "ca": {
    "expiry": "876000h"
 }
}
EOF

2.3:生成CA证书和私钥

代码语言:shell复制
[root@k8s-master1 ca]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca
 

[root@k8s-master1 ca]# ls ca*
ca-config.json  ca.csr  ca-csr.json  ca-key.pem  ca.pem
image.pngimage.png

3、分发证书文件

将生成的 CA 证书、秘钥文件、配置文件拷贝到所有节点(master和worker节点)的 /etc/kubernetes/cert目录下

代码语言:shell复制
[root@k8s-master1 ca]# for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
  do
    echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
    ssh root@${node_ip} "mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/cert"
    scp ca*.pem ca-config.json root@${node_ip}:/etc/kubernetes/cert
  done
image.pngimage.png
代码语言:shell复制
[root@k8s-master1 ca]# for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
  do
    echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
    ssh root@${node_ip} "ls -lt /etc/kubernetes/cert"
  done

三、部署ETCD集群

  • etcd 是基于 Raft 的分布式 KV 存储系统,由 CoreOS 开发,常用于服务发现、共享配置以及并发控制(如 leader 选举、分布式锁等)。
  • kubernetes 使用 etcd 集群持久化存储所有 API 对象、运行数据。
  • etcd 集群节点名称和 IP 如下: k8s-master1:192.168.66.62 k8s-master2:192.168.66.63 k8s-master3:192.168.66.64

1、下载和分发 etcd 二进制文件

ETCD仓库地址: https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases 如果网络原因,请在本地下载好安装包并上传至服务器

1.1:解压安装

代码语言:shell复制
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cd /opt/k8s/work/
[root@k8s-master1 work]# mkdir etcd && cd etcd

#下面的下载链接为加速地址
[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# wget https://github.91chi.fun/https://github.com//etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.6.0-alpha.0/etcd-v3.6.0-alpha.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz

#解压包至当前目录下
[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# tar -xf etcd-v3.6.0-alpha.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz

1.2:分发各ETCD节点

代码语言:shell复制
[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# for node_ip in ${ETCD_IPS[@]}
  do
    echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
    scp etcd-v3.6.0-alpha.0-linux-amd64/etcd* root@${node_ip}:/opt/k8s/bin
    ssh root@${node_ip} "chmod  x /opt/k8s/bin/*"
  done
image.pngimage.png

2、创建 etcd 证书和私钥

2.1:创建证书签名请求

注意:这里的IP地址一定要根据自己的实际ETCD集群IP填写;不然有可能会出现error "remote error: tls: bad certificate", ServerName ""的错误

代码语言:shell复制
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cd /opt/k8s/work/etcd
[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# mkdir -p cert && cd cert/
[root@k8s-master1 cert]# cat > etcd-csr.json <<EOF
{
  "CN": "etcd",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "192.168.66.62",
    "192.168.66.63",
    "192.168.66.64"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "dqz"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

2.2:生成证书和私钥

代码语言:shell复制
[root@k8s-master1 cert]# cfssl gencert -ca=/opt/k8s/work/ca/ca.pem 
    -ca-key=/opt/k8s/work/ca/ca-key.pem 
    -config=/opt/k8s/work/ca/ca-config.json 
-profile=kubernetes etcd-csr.json | cfssljson -bare etcd
image.pngimage.png

2.3:分发证书和私钥至各etcd节点

代码语言:shell复制
[root@k8s-master1 cert]# for node_ip in ${ETCD_IPS[@]}
  do
    echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
    ssh root@${node_ip} "mkdir -p /etc/etcd/cert"
    scp etcd*.pem root@${node_ip}:/etc/etcd/cert/
  done

3、创建 etcd 的 systemd unit 模板文件

代码语言:shell复制
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# mkdir /opt/k8s/work/service-template
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cd /opt/k8s/work/service-template
[root@k8s-master1 service-template]# mkdir -p etcd && cd etcd
[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# cat > etcd.service.template <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
Documentation=https://github.com/coreos

[Service]
Type=notify
WorkingDirectory=${ETCD_DATA_DIR}
ExecStart=/opt/k8s/bin/etcd \
  --data-dir=${ETCD_DATA_DIR} \
  --wal-dir=${ETCD_WAL_DIR} \
  --name=##ETCD_NAME## \
  --cert-file=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem \
  --key-file=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem \
  --trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem \
  --peer-cert-file=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem \
  --peer-key-file=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem \
  --peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem \
  --peer-client-cert-auth \
  --client-cert-auth \
  --listen-peer-urls=https://##ETCD_IP##:2380 \
  --initial-advertise-peer-urls=https://##ETCD_IP##:2380 \
  --listen-client-urls=https://##ETCD_IP##:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379 \
  --advertise-client-urls=https://##ETCD_IP##:2379 \
  --initial-cluster-token=etcd-cluster-0 \
  --initial-cluster=${ETCD_NODES} \
  --initial-cluster-state=new \
  --auto-compaction-mode=periodic \
  --auto-compaction-retention=1 \
  --max-request-bytes=33554432 \
  --quota-backend-bytes=6442450944 \
  --heartbeat-interval=250 \
  --election-timeout=2000
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

4、为各ETCD节点创建和分发 etcd systemd unit 文件

4.1:替换模板文件中的变量

代码语言:shell复制
[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# for (( i=0; i < 3; i   ))
  do
    sed -e "s/##ETCD_NAME##/${ETCD_NAMES[i]}/" -e "s/##ETCD_IP##/${ETCD_IPS[i]}/" etcd.service.template > etcd-${ETCD_IPS[i]}.service 
  done

[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# ls *.service
etcd-192.168.66.62.service  etcd-192.168.66.63.service  etcd-192.168.66.64.service
image.pngimage.png

4.2:分发生成的 systemd unit 文件

代码语言:shell复制
[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# for node_ip in ${ETCD_IPS[@]}
  do
    echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
    scp etcd-${node_ip}.service root@${node_ip}:/etc/systemd/system/etcd.service
  done
image.pngimage.png

5、启动ETCD服务

  • 必须创建 etcd 数据目录和工作目录;
  • 注意:3.4.10 版本,需要将数据目录的权限设置为0700才可以正常启动

etcd 进程首次启动时会等待其它节点的 etcd 加入集群,命令 systemctl start etcd 会卡住一段时间,为正常现象。 注意:有可能ETCD节点1启动失败,而另外2个节点启动成功,这是正常情况,请重启ETCD节点1即可

代码语言:shell复制
[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# for node_ip in ${ETCD_IPS[@]}
  do
    echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
    ssh root@${node_ip} "mkdir -p ${ETCD_DATA_DIR} ${ETCD_WAL_DIR} && chmod 0700 /data/k8s/etcd/data"
    ssh root@${node_ip} "systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable etcd && systemctl restart etcd"
  done
image.pngimage.png
代码语言:shell复制
#手动在master1节点运行启动ETCD服务
[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable etcd && systemctl restart etcd

6、检查启动结果

代码语言:shell复制
[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# for node_ip in ${ETCD_IPS[@]}
  do
    echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
    ssh root@${node_ip} "systemctl status etcd|grep Active"
  done
image.pngimage.png

7、验证服务状态

代码语言:shell复制
[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# for node_ip in ${ETCD_IPS[@]}
  do
    echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
    /opt/k8s/bin/etcdctl 
    --endpoints=https://${node_ip}:2379 
    --cacert=/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem 
    --cert=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem 
    --key=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem endpoint health
  done
image.pngimage.png

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