❝本节来介绍如何灵活使用「geom_segment」与「geom_point」这两个几何对象来构建圆柱形条行图，下面通过1个案例来进行展示；
加载R包
代码语言：javascript复制library(tidyverse)
加载数据
代码语言：javascript复制 data <- read_tsv("data.xls")
数据可视化
代码语言：javascript复制 ggplot(data,aes(y = reorder(country, diff), x = diff, color=balance))
geom_segment(aes(yend = country), xend=0, size=5)
geom_point(size=4.5)
geom_vline(xintercept = 0, size=1, color='grey35')
expand_limits(x=c(-3,3.75))
scale_x_continuous(breaks = c(-2, -1, 1, 2))
# 构建数据分别在左右两边添加文本
geom_text(data=data %>% filter(diff <0),aes(label=country), x = -3.2, hjust=0, size=3.5, color="black")
geom_text(data=data %>% filter(diff >0),aes(label=country), x =2.2, hjust=0, size=3.5, color="black")
# 两边分别添加阴影区域
geom_segment(data=data %>% filter(diff <0),aes(yend = country), xend = -3.2, x=0, alpha = 0.2, size=5)
geom_segment(data=data %>% filter(diff >0),aes(yend = country), xend = 4.5, x=0,alpha = 0.2, size=5)
scale_color_manual(values=c("#BA7A70", "steelblue4"))
guides(color="none", y="none")
labs(x=NULL,y=NULL)
theme_minimal()
theme(plot.background = element_rect(fill = "Aliceblue", color="Aliceblue"),
panel.grid = element_blank(),
axis.line.x = element_line(color = "grey3", size = 0.5),
panel.grid.major.x = element_line(linetype = "dashed", color = "grey3"),
axis.text.x = element_text(size = 10, color = "black"))
# 绘制图例
geom_rect(xmax =3.8,xmin = 2, ymin = 0, ymax = 3, fill = "aliceblue", color ="steelblue4")
geom_segment(y=1,yend=1, x=2.6, xend=3.6, size=5, alpha=0.5, color='steelblue4')
geom_point(y=1, x = 2.6, size = 4.5, color = "steelblue4")
geom_text(label = "More", y = 1 ,x = 2.1, hjust = 0, color = "steelblue4", size = 3.5)
geom_segment(y=2.3, yend=2.3, x=2.6, xend=3.6, size=5, alpha=0.5, color='#BA7A70')
geom_point(y=2.3,x = 2.6, size = 4.5, color = "#BA7A70")
geom_text(label = "Less", y =2.3, x = 2.1, hjust = 0, color = "#BA7A70", size = 3.5)
