❝本节来介绍如何使用ggplot2来给常见的气泡图添加一点新的元素,下面通过1个案例来进行展示；
加载R包
代码语言：javascript复制library(tidyverse)
数据清洗
代码语言：javascript复制df %>% read_csv('data.txt') %>%
mutate(CL = 8 - CL,
PR = 8 - PR) %>%
filter(year %in% c(1995,2020)) %>%
group_by(country) %>%
mutate(gap_cl = CL - lag(CL),
gap_pr = PR - lag(PR)) %>%
ungroup() %>%
filter(!is.na(gap_cl), !is.na(gap_pr))
定义文本与刻度条信息
由于需要绘制刻度条并添加文本因此在此我们需要定义两个数据集
代码语言：javascript复制seg_size <- 0.01
seg_cl <- tibble(x = seq(0.8,7.2,seg_size),
xend = seq(0.8,7.2,seg_size),
y = rep(-0.1, 6.4/seg_size 1),
yend = rep(-0.4, 6.4/seg_size 1)) %>%
mutate(color = x^2)
seg_pr <- tibble(x = rep(0-0.1, 6.4/seg_size 1),
xend = rep(-0.4, 6.4/seg_size 1),
y = seq(0.8,7.2,seg_size),
yend = seq(0.8,7.2,seg_size))%>%
mutate(color = y^2)
seg <- bind_rows(seg_cl, seg_pr)
signs <- tibble(x = c(-0.25, -0.25, 1.25, 6.75),
y = c(1.25, 6.75, -0.25, -0.25),
text = c("-", " ", "-", " "))
数据可视化
代码语言：javascript复制df %>%
filter(!is.na(gap_cl)) %>%
count(CL, PR) %>%
arrange(n) %>%
mutate(prod = CL * PR) %>%
ggplot()
scale_color_gradientn(colours = rev(RColorBrewer::brewer.pal(11,"RdBu")))
geom_point(aes(CL, PR, size = n, color = prod))
geom_text(aes(CL, PR,label = n), size = 4,fontface = "bold")
geom_segment(data = seg, aes(x = x, xend = xend, y = y, yend = yend, color = color))
geom_text(data = signs, aes(x = x, y = y, label = text),size = 5, fontface = "bold")
annotate("text", x = 4, y = -0.25,
label = "Civil Liberties", size = 4, fontface = "bold")
annotate("text", x = -0.25, y = 4,
label = "Political Rights",size = 4, fontface = "bold", angle = 90)
scale_size(range= c(5, 25))
guides(color = "none", size = "none")
theme_void()
theme(plot.background = element_rect(fill="Aliceblue",color="Aliceblue"),
plot.margin = unit(c(0.2,0.5,0.2,0.2),"cm"))
