CentOS7安装Mysql5.7

2022-10-27 16:27:35 浏览数 (2)

# 注意事项

  • 本次使用的是 CentOS7 MySQL 5.7.32 其他版本的 5.7 MySQL 应该也支持
  • 本次不提供安装包,但提供安装包的下载地址,均为官网下载地址
  • 如果报出权限不足的异常请在涉及到的命令前面加上 sudo,如果无法解决请联系系统管理员分配权限

# 安装步骤

去官网下载rpm包,使用命令

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wget 
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-client-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-common-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-libs-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-server-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

为了方便,来下载页面 描述一下我们下载了那些 rpm

  1. 把他们下载到 CentOS 的 /usr/local/src 目录下,如图显示
  1. 然后安装这些安装包,注意有依赖,需要联网 使用命令:
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yum install -y mysql-community-*-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

看到这个画面表示安装成功

开启服务器并初始化密码,使用的命令和命令详解:

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# 开启MySQL服务器
systemctl start mysqld
# 查看默认生成的密码
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password

生成的密码如下:

使用该密码登录本地 MySQL 服务器,使用命令:

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mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -p

然后输入以下命令修改默认密码:

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# 设置密码等级
set global validate_password_length=4;
set global validate_password_policy=0;
# 修改默认密码,注意替换后面的密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '您的密码';

我们退出后发现密码已经设置完成

  1. 设置 root 账户远程登陆(此步骤如果不需要可以跳过),进入到 MySQL 命令行使用命令:
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use `mysql`;
# 注意将密码替换掉
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '您的密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

注意开放 3306 端口之后在 window 上远程连接可以成功:

  1. 现在我们使用 show variables like 'character%'; 命令查看字符集看到一些字符集默认还是拉丁文,我们需要将他们改成 UTF-8

我们修改 /etc/my.cnf 文件来修改这个配置,使用命令:

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vim /etc/my.cnf

修改之后:

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# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[client]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

重点注意修改部分:

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[client]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8

使用命令 systemctl restart mysqld 重启MySQL服务器后再查看:

原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/m0_51510236/article/details/113791490

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