socket通讯相互发送读取xml实例「建议收藏」

2022-08-05 08:37:31 浏览数 (1)

大家好,又见面了,我是你们的朋友全栈君。

首先了解下socket通讯传输数据的特点:数据在网络传输时使用的都是字节流或字符流,Socket也不例外,所以我们发送数据的时候需要转换为字节发送,读取的时候也是以字节为单位读取。

那么问题就在于socket通讯时,接收方并不知道此次数据有多长,因此无法精确地创建一个缓冲区(字节数组)用来接收,在不定长通讯中,通常使用的方式时每次默认读取8*1024长度的字节,若输入流中仍有数据,则再次读取,一直到输入流没有数据为止。但是如果发送数据过大时,发送方会对数据进行分包发送,这种情况下或导致接收方判断错误,误以为数据传输完成,因而接收不全。 所以,大部分情况下,双方使用socket通讯时都会约定一个定长头放在传输数据的最前端,用以标识数据体的长度,通常定长头有整型int,短整型short,字符串Strinng三种形式。

下面小编介绍两个socket xml传输的实例,案例一,是使用writeUTF()和readUTF()方法,发送和读取传输的数据。

案例2是组装好xml后,计算xml的字节长度,放在报文头,使用write()方法发送数据,read()方法读取数据。

这里再介绍在writeUTF()和write()方法的区别:

  1. writeUTF(String str);
  2. write(int b) ;

可以看出二者的参数不一样,writeUTF可以直接将组装的字符串发送过去(方法封装,改方法内部也是应该需要转成字节或字符传输的),但是接受方也必须使用readUTF方法读取接受,要保持一样。wirte方法则是属于相对第一级的封装,需要将组装的xml字符串转成字节数组传输。此外, ASCII码:一个英文字母等于一个字节; UTF-8编码:一个英文字母等于一个字节; Unicode编码:一个英文字母等于两个字节。因为不同的编码格式对字节的统计也有区别,所以在计算xml字节长度的时候,是要规定好传输的编码格式,这些在下面的代码中都要体现,请读者自行体会。

案例一 服务端:

代码语言:javascript复制
package tcpSocket;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;

public class TCPServer2 {
	public static void main(String args[]) {
			int serverPort = 7896;
			ServerSocket listenSocket ;
			Socket clientSocket ;
			try {
//				******************接收读取客户端传来的内容******************************************
					listenSocket = new ServerSocket(serverPort);
				    clientSocket = listenSocket.accept();
				    DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(clientSocket.getInputStream());
					String data = in.readUTF();
//					System.out.println("接收到的数据:"   data);
					DOM(data);
					
//					******************向客户端写xml文件******************************************
					DataOutputStream out=new DataOutputStream(clientSocket.getOutputStream());
					// 定义工厂 API,使应用程序能够从 XML 文档获取生成 DOM 对象树的解析器
					DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory
							.newInstance();
					// 定义 API, 使其从 XML 文档获取 DOM 文档实例。使用此类,应用程序员可以从 XML 获取一个 Document
					DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
					// Document 接口表示整个 HTML 或 XML 文档。从概念上讲,它是文档树的根,并提供对文档数据的基本访问
					Document document = builder.newDocument();
					//组织生产xml文件内容
					Element root = document.createElement("persons");
					document.appendChild(root);
					Element person = document.createElement("person");
					Element name = document.createElement("name");
					name.appendChild(document.createTextNode("java小强"));
					person.appendChild(name);
					Element sex = document.createElement("sex");
					sex.appendChild(document.createTextNode("man"));
					person.appendChild(sex);
					Element age = document.createElement("age");
					age.appendChild(document.createTextNode("99"));
					person.appendChild(age);
					root.appendChild(person);
	
					TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
					// 此抽象类的实例能够将源树转换为结果树
					Transformer transformer;
					transformer = tf.newTransformer();
	
					DOMSource source = new DOMSource(document);
					ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
					transformer.transform(source, new StreamResult(bos));
					String xmlStr = bos.toString();
					out.writeUTF(xmlStr);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println(e.getMessage());
		}
	}
	
	public static void DOM(String data) {
		try {
			//遍历xml获取内容
			byte[] b = data.getBytes();
			InputStream inp = new ByteArrayInputStream(b);
			DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory
					.newInstance();
			DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
			Document doc = builder.parse(inp);
			NodeList nl = doc.getElementsByTagName("persons");
//			System.out.println(nl.getLength());
			for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i  ) {
				System.out.println("person:  "
						  doc.getElementsByTagName("person").item(i)
								.getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
				System.out.println("name:  "
						  doc.getElementsByTagName("name").item(i)
								.getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
				System.out.println("sex:  "
						  doc.getElementsByTagName("sex").item(i)
								.getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
				System.out.println("age:  "
						  doc.getElementsByTagName("age").item(i)
								.getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

客户端:

代码语言:javascript复制
package tcpSocket;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.EOFException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;

public class TCPClient {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		// 2017年12月29日 下午1:43:11
		Socket soc = null;
		String data = "";
		InetAddress addr = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
		int serverPort = 7896;
		if (addr.isReachable(5000)) {
			try {
				soc = new Socket(addr, serverPort);
				
//************************向客户端写xml文件******************************************
				DataOutputStream out=new DataOutputStream(soc.getOutputStream());
				// 定义工厂 API,使应用程序能够从 XML 文档获取生成 DOM 对象树的解析器
				DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory
						.newInstance();
				// 定义 API, 使其从 XML 文档获取 DOM 文档实例。使用此类,应用程序员可以从 XML 获取一个 Document
				DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
				// Document 接口表示整个 HTML 或 XML 文档。从概念上讲,它是文档树的根,并提供对文档数据的基本访问
				Document document = builder.newDocument();
				//组织生产xml文件内容
				Element root = document.createElement("persons");
				document.appendChild(root);
				Element person = document.createElement("person");
				Element name = document.createElement("name");
				name.appendChild(document.createTextNode("java小强"));
				person.appendChild(name);
				Element sex = document.createElement("sex");
				sex.appendChild(document.createTextNode("man"));
				person.appendChild(sex);
				Element age = document.createElement("age");
				age.appendChild(document.createTextNode("99"));
				person.appendChild(age);
				root.appendChild(person);

				TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
				// 此抽象类的实例能够将源树转换为结果树
				Transformer transformer;
				transformer = tf.newTransformer();

				DOMSource source = new DOMSource(document);
				ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
				transformer.transform(source, new StreamResult(bos));
				String xmlStr = bos.toString();
				out.writeUTF(xmlStr);
				
//********************************接收读取客户端传来的内容******************************************
				//接收来自服务器的数据,并解析打印
				DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(soc.getInputStream());
				data = in.readUTF();
//				System.out.println("接收到的数据:"   data);
				DOM(data);
			} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
				System.out.println("Socket Error:"   e.getMessage());
			} catch (EOFException e) {
				System.out.println("EOF:"   e.getMessage());
			} catch (IOException e) {
				System.out.println("IO:"   e.getMessage());
			} finally {
				if (soc != null)
					try {
						soc.close();
					} catch (IOException e) {/* close failed */
					}
			}
		} else {
			System.out.println("FAILURE - ping "   addr
					  " with no interface specified");
		}
	}

	public static void DOM(String data) {
		try {
			byte[] b = data.getBytes();
			InputStream inp = new ByteArrayInputStream(b);
			DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory
					.newInstance();
			DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
			Document doc = builder.parse(inp);
			NodeList nl = doc.getElementsByTagName("persons");
//			System.out.println(nl.getLength());
			for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i  ) {
				System.out.println("person:  "
						  doc.getElementsByTagName("person").item(i)
								.getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
				System.out.println("name:  "
						  doc.getElementsByTagName("name").item(i)
								.getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
				System.out.println("sex:  "
						  doc.getElementsByTagName("sex").item(i)
								.getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
				System.out.println("age:  "
						  doc.getElementsByTagName("age").item(i)
								.getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

用到的jar包可见:http://download.csdn.net/download/csdnliuxin123524/10180445

案例二,

客户端,

代码语言:javascript复制
package socket; import java.io.DataInputStream; import java.io.DataOutputStream; import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.Socket; import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils; public class CallExtPboc { @SuppressWarnings("resource") public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Socket soc = null; String data = ""; InetAddress addr = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"); int serverPort = 7896; soc = new Socket(addr, serverPort); DataOutputStream out=new DataOutputStream(soc.getOutputStream()); String xmlReq = builderReqXml(); byte[] b = xmlReq.getBytes("UTF-8"); long len=b.length; String length=String.format("d",len); xmlReq = length xmlReq; byte[] bt = xmlReq.getBytes("utf-8"); out.write(bt); // out.writeUTF(builderReqXml()); //接收来自服务器的字节类型数据,并解析打印 //DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(soc.getInputStream()); //byte[] buf =new byte[1024]; //int readb=in.read(buf); //System.out.println("**************************************"); //if(readb != -1){ // System.out.println(new String(buf,0,readb)); //} //in.close(); } private static String builderReqXml(){ StringBuffer xmlReq = new StringBuffer(); // xmlReq.append("<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>"); xmlReq.append("<SERVICE xmlns="http://www.sss.com/dataspec/">"); //构造SERVICE_HEADER节点里面的数据 StringBuilder serviceHeader = new StringBuilder(); serviceHeader.append(getNode("SERVICE_SN","198234712374-17412748")); serviceHeader.append(getNode("SERVICE_ID","12100"));//交易码 serviceHeader.append(getNode("ORG","org1")); serviceHeader.append(getNode("CHANNEL_ID","01"));//服务渠道编号----请求渠道 serviceHeader.append(getNode("OP_ID","tt")); serviceHeader.append(getNode("REQUST_TIME","20050621123000")); serviceHeader.append(getNode("VERSION_ID","01")); serviceHeader.append("<MAC/>"); //将SERVICE_HEADER节点数据加入报文中 xmlReq.append(getNode("SERVICE_HEADER", serviceHeader.toString())); //构造SERVICE_BODY节点里面的数据 StringBuilder serviceBody = new StringBuilder(); //构造extAttributes节点的数据 StringBuffer extAttributes =new StringBuffer(); //构造auth节点数据 StringBuffer auth =new StringBuffer(); auth.append(getNode("Q_PIN", "0123456789ABCDEF")); //将auth节点加入到EXT_ATTRIBUTES中 extAttributes.append(getNode("AUTH", auth.toString())); //将extAttributes节点加入到SERVICE_BODY中 serviceBody.append(getNode("EXT_ATTRIBUTES", extAttributes.toString())); //构造REQUEST节点里面的数据 StringBuilder request = new StringBuilder(); request.append(getNode("SYS_ID","aps")); request.append(getNode("OPERATOR_ID", "tt")); request.append(getNode("ID_NO", "123")); request.append(getNode("ID_TYPE", "I")); request.append(getNode("NAME", "czy")); //将REQUEST节点数据加入至SERVICE_BODY中 serviceBody.append(getNode("REQUEST", request.toString())); //将SERVICE_BODY节点数据加入至报文中EXT_ATTRIBUTES xmlReq.append(getNode("SERVICE_BODY", serviceBody.toString())); xmlReq.append("</SERVICE>"); System.out.println(xmlReq); return xmlReq.toString(); } /** * 根据节点名称以及节点内容,返回节点字符串 * @param nodeName 节点名称 * @param nodeValue 节点内容 * @return 构造出的节点字符串 */ private static String getNode(String nodeName,String nodeValue){ StringBuilder node = new StringBuilder(); if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(nodeName)){ node.append("<" nodeName ">"); if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(nodeValue)){ node.append(nodeValue); } node.append("</" nodeName ">"); } return node.toString(); } } 

这里的xml数据也可以不使用dom4j组装,直接使用字符串拼接如下:客户端

代码语言:javascript复制
package test.s;

import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;

public class CallApsService {
	private Socket s;
	private DataOutputStream out;

	public CallApsService() throws IOException {
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		CallApsService c = new CallApsService();
		int i = 0;
		Map<String, String> infoMap = initInput();
		for(Entry<String, String> enty: infoMap.entrySet()){
			i  ;
			c.talk(enty.getKey(),enty.getValue(),i);
			System.out.println("发送信息完毕!");
		}
	}

	// 发送对象
	// ObjectOutputStream oos;
	// TransferObj obj;
	public void sendMessage(Socket s,String idNo,String name,int i) {
		try {

			// socket传字符串
			out = new DataOutputStream(s.getOutputStream());
			//批次号申请
			String xmlReq = "<SERVICE xmlns="http://www.asss.com/dataspec/"><SERVICE_HEADER><SERVICE_SN>198234712374-17412748</SERVICE_SN><SERVICE_ID>12100</SERVICE_ID><ORG>org1</ORG><CHANNEL_ID>01</CHANNEL_ID><OP_ID>tt</OP_ID><REQUST_TIME>20050621123000</REQUST_TIME><VERSION_ID>01</VERSION_ID><MAC/></SERVICE_HEADER><SERVICE_BODY><EXT_ATTRIBUTES><AUTH><Q_PIN>0123456789ABCDEF</Q_PIN></AUTH></EXT_ATTRIBUTES><REQUEST><SYS_ID>aps</SYS_ID><OPERATOR_ID>tt</OPERATOR_ID><ID_NO>123</ID_NO><ID_TYPE>I</ID_TYPE><NAME>czy</NAME></REQUEST></SERVICE_BODY></SERVICE>";
			
			
			String lenthEncode = "UTF-8";
			long len = xmlReq.getBytes(lenthEncode).length;
			String length=String.format("d",len);
			xmlReq = length  xmlReq;
			byte[] bt = xmlReq.getBytes(lenthEncode);
			out.write(bt);

		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

	public void talk(String idNo,String name,int i) throws Exception {
		try {
			// 发送对象
			s = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 7896);
			System.out.println("客户端:发送信息");
			sendMessage(s,idNo,name, i);
			System.out.println("发送信息完毕!");
			// 发字符串
//			 receiveMessage(s);
			out.close();
			// in.close();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				if (s != null)
					s.close(); // 断开连接
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
	
	
	public static Map<String, String> initInput(){
		
		Map<String, String> infoMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
		infoMap.put("140106198506020369","湘一百二");
		
		return infoMap;
	}
	
	
}

服务器

代码语言:javascript复制
package socket;

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class CallExtPbocServer {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		int serverPort = 7896;
		ServerSocket listenSocket ;
		Socket clientSocket ;
		try {
//			******************接收读取客户端传来的内容******************************************
				listenSocket = new ServerSocket(serverPort);
			    clientSocket = listenSocket.accept();
			    DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(clientSocket.getInputStream());
			    byte[] buf=new byte[1024];
			    int tag=in.read(buf);
			    if(tag!=-1){
			    	System.out.println(new String(buf,0,tag));
			    }
			    in.close();
		}catch(Exception e){
			
		}
		
	}

}

发布者:全栈程序员栈长,转载请注明出处:https://javaforall.cn/106221.html原文链接:https://javaforall.cn

0 人点赞