网络游戏简单化！PUN插件了解一下？(Unity3D)

一、前言

Photon Unity Networking (PUN)是一种用于多人游戏的Unity软件包。灵活的匹配可以让玩家进入房间，可以通过网络同步对象。快速和可靠的通信是通过专用的Photon 服务器完成的，因此客户端连接不需要1对1。

二、参考文章

1、【PUN】Photon Unity Networking(PUN)的简单使用

2、【Unity3D】 Photon多人游戏开发教程 3、PUN介绍(干货)

4、Photon Unity Networking 案例（一）

5、Unity3D利用Photon实现实时联网对战（二）PUN SDK介绍

6、Photon Unity Networking基础教程 7 修改Player的联网版本

7、使用Photon Unity Networking开发多人网络游戏的基本思路（一）：大厅与等待房间

三、正文

快速搭建

1.下载PUN插件，下载地址：https://doc.photonengine.com/en-us/pun/current/getting-started/pun-intro

会跳转到AssetStore商店：

需要注意的是版本要Unity2017.4.7以上，如果是以前的版本，可以安装PUN1.0版本

或者直接在Unity里面Alt 9访问商店，然后搜索PUN插件

2.然后需要打开Photon的官网注册一个账号，https://dashboard.photonengine.com/Account/SignIn?ReturnUrl=/zh-CN/publiccloud

登录以后，点击新建一个APP：

类型的话，如果是聊天室可以选择Photon Chat，普通的选择Photon PUN就可以了

复制App ID，到Unity项目中的Photon/PhotonUnityNetworking/Resources/PhotonServerSettings的 App Id Realtim

3.新建场景，新建一个Plane，和Cube，将Cube设成预制体，放到Resouces文件夹：

4.给Cube加上Photon View组件，如果要同步的话，这个组件是必须的

将Cube的Transform拖入Observed Components 5.新建脚本ClickFloor，将脚本付给Plane

代码语言：javascript复制

using Photon.Pun;
using UnityEngine;

public class ClickFloor : MonoBehaviour
{
    public GameObject m_Prefab;

    void Update()
    {
        if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0))
        {
            Ray ray = Camera.main.ScreenPointToRay(Input.mousePosition);
            RaycastHit hit;
            if (Physics.Raycast(ray, out hit))
            {
                PhotonNetwork.Instantiate(m_Prefab.name, hit.point   new Vector3(0, 3, 0), Quaternion.identity, 0);
            }
        }
    }
}

6.新建脚本PhotonConnect.cs

代码语言：javascript复制

using UnityEngine;
using Photon.Pun;//导入Photon命名空间
using Photon.Realtime;

public class PhotonConnect : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Start()
    {
        //初始化版本号
        PhotonNetwork.ConnectUsingSettings();
        PhotonNetwork.GameVersion = "1";
    }

    //按钮事件 创建房间
    public void Btn_CreateRoom(string _roomName)
    {
        
        //设置房间属性
        RoomOptions m_Room = new RoomOptions { IsOpen = true, IsVisible = true, MaxPlayers = 4 };
        PhotonNetwork.CreateRoom(_roomName, m_Room);
    }

    //根据房间名加入房间
    public void Btn_JoinRoom(string _roomName)
    {
        PhotonNetwork.JoinRoom(_roomName);
    }

    //随机加入已经创建的房间
    public void Btn_JoinRandomRoom()
    {
        PhotonNetwork.JoinRandomRoom();
    }

    void OnGUI()
    {
        //显示连接信息
        GUILayout.Label(PhotonNetwork.NetworkClientState.ToString(),GUILayout.Width(300),GUILayout.Height(100));
    }
}

7.将脚本付给Main Camera(任意一个场景中的对象就行)，然后新建3个按钮，绑定事件：

8.Cube预制体Apply一下，然后从场景中删除，运行：

API解析

连接和回调

ConnectUsingSettings 建立连接

代码语言：javascript复制

PhotonNetwork.ConnectUsingSettings();

PUN 使用回调让你知道客户什么时候建立了连接，加入了一个房间等等。

例如：IConnectionCallbacks.OnConnectedToMaster.

为了方便起见，可以继承MonoBehaviourPunCallbacks接口，它实现了重要的回调接口并自动注册自己，只需覆盖特定的回调方法

代码语言：javascript复制

public class YourClass : MonoBehaviourPunCallbacks
{
    public override void OnConnectedToMaster()
    {
        Debug.Log("Launcher: 连接到主客户端");
    }
}

加入和创建房间

加入房间

代码语言：javascript复制

PhotonNetwork.JoinRoom("someRoom");

加入存在的随机房间

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PhotonNetwork.JoinRandomRoom();

创建房间

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PhotonNetwork.CreateRoom("MyMatch");

如果想跟朋友一起玩，可以编一个房间名称，并使用JoinOrCreateRoom创建房间，将IsVisible 设为false，那么就只能使用房间名来加入（而不是随机加入创建的房间了）

代码语言：javascript复制

RoomOptions roomOptions = new RoomOptions();
roomOptions.IsVisible = false;
roomOptions.MaxPlayers = 4;
PhotonNetwork.JoinOrCreateRoom(nameEveryFriendKnows, roomOptions, TypedLobby.Default);

游戏逻辑

可以使用PhotonView组件将游戏对象实例化为“联网游戏对象”，它标识对象和所有者(或控制器)更新状态给其他人

需要添加一个PhotonView组件选择Observed组件并使用PhotonNetwork.Instantiate若要创建实例，请执行以下操作。

PhotonStream 负责写入(和读取)网络对象的状态，每秒钟几次，脚本需要继承接口IPunObservable，它定义了OnPhotonSerializeView。看起来是这样的：

代码语言：javascript复制

public void OnPhotonSerializeView(PhotonStream stream, PhotonMessageInfo info)
{
    if (stream.IsWriting)
    {
        Vector3 pos = transform.localPosition;
        stream.Serialize(ref pos);
    }
    else
    {
        Vector3 pos = Vector3.zero;
        stream.Serialize(ref pos); 
    }
}

远程过程调用

Remote Procedure Calls (RPC)使你可以调用”networked GameObjects”上的方法，对由用户输入等触发的不常用动作很有用。

一个RPC会被在同房间里的每个玩家在相同的游戏对象上被执行，所以你可以容易地触发整个场景效果就像你可以修改某些GameObject。

作为RPC被调用的方法必须在一个带PhotonView组件的游戏对象上。该方法自身必须要被[PunRPC]属性标记。

代码语言：javascript复制

[PunRPC] 
void ChatMessage(string a, string b) 
{ 
      Debug.Log("ChatMessage "   a   " "   b); 
}

要调用该方法，先访问到目标对象的PhotonView组件。而不是直接调用目标方法，调用PhotonView.RPC()并提供想要调用的方法名称：

代码语言：javascript复制

PhotonView photonView = PhotonView.Get(this); 
photonView.RPC("ChatMessage", PhotonTargets.All, "jup", "and jup!");

回调函数

接口	解释
IConnectionCallbacks	与连接相关的回调。
IInRoomCallbacks	房间内发生的回调
ILobbyCallbacks	与游戏大厅有关的回调。
IMatchmakingCallbacks	与配对有关的回调
IOnEventCallback	对接收到的事件进行一次回拨。这相当于C#事件OnEventReceived.
IWebRpcCallback	一个用于接收WebRPC操作响应的回调。
IPunInstantiateMagicCallback	实例化双关预制板的单个回调。
IPunObservable	PhotonView序列化回调。
IPunOwnershipCallbacks	双关所有权转让回调。

更多API参考： https://doc-api.photonengine.com/en/pun/v2/namespace_photon_1_1_pun.html

四、案例

1.简单的多人游戏

1.新建Launcher.cs脚本

代码语言：javascript复制

using UnityEngine;
using Photon.Pun;


namespace Com.MyCompany.MyGame
{
    public class Launcher : MonoBehaviour
    {
        #region Private Serializable Fields


        #endregion


        #region Private Fields


        /// <summary>
        /// This client's version number. Users are separated from each other by gameVersion (which allows you to make breaking changes).
        /// </summary>
        string gameVersion = "1";


        #endregion


        #region MonoBehaviour CallBacks


        /// <summary>
        /// MonoBehaviour method called on GameObject by Unity during early initialization phase.
        /// </summary>
        void Awake()
        {
            // #Critical
            // this makes sure we can use PhotonNetwork.LoadLevel() on the master client and all clients in the same room sync their level automatically
            PhotonNetwork.AutomaticallySyncScene = true;
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// MonoBehaviour method called on GameObject by Unity during initialization phase.
        /// </summary>
        void Start()
        {
            Connect();
        }


        #endregion


        #region Public Methods


        /// <summary>
        /// Start the connection process.
        /// - If already connected, we attempt joining a random room
        /// - if not yet connected, Connect this application instance to Photon Cloud Network
        /// </summary>
        public void Connect()
        {
            // we check if we are connected or not, we join if we are , else we initiate the connection to the server.
            if (PhotonNetwork.IsConnected)
            {
                // #Critical we need at this point to attempt joining a Random Room. If it fails, we'll get notified in OnJoinRandomFailed() and we'll create one.
                PhotonNetwork.JoinRandomRoom();
            }
            else
            {
                // #Critical, we must first and foremost connect to Photon Online Server.
                PhotonNetwork.ConnectUsingSettings();
                PhotonNetwork.GameVersion = gameVersion;
            }
        }


    #endregion


    }
}

打开PhotonServerSettings：

2.扩展MonoBehaviourPunCallback 修改MonoBehaviour为MonoBehaviourPunCallbacks 加using Photon.Realtime;命名空间添加以下两个方法：

代码语言：javascript复制

public class Launcher : MonoBehaviourPunCallbacks
{

代码语言：javascript复制

#region MonoBehaviourPunCallbacks Callbacks


public override void OnConnectedToMaster()
{
    Debug.Log("PUN Basics Tutorial/Launcher: OnConnectedToMaster() was called by PUN");
    PhotonNetwork.JoinRandomRoom();
}


public override void OnDisconnected(DisconnectCause cause)
{
    Debug.LogWarningFormat("PUN Basics Tutorial/Launcher: OnDisconnected() was called by PUN with reason {0}", cause);
}


#endregion

当我们有效地加入一个房间时，它将通知您的脚本：

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public override void OnJoinRandomFailed(short returnCode, string message)
{
    Debug.Log("PUN Basics Tutorial/Launcher:OnJoinRandomFailed() was called by PUN. No random room available, so we create one.nCalling: PhotonNetwork.CreateRoom");

    // #Critical: we failed to join a random room, maybe none exists or they are all full. No worries, we create a new room.
    PhotonNetwork.CreateRoom(null, new RoomOptions());
}

public override void OnJoinedRoom()
{
    Debug.Log("PUN Basics Tutorial/Launcher: OnJoinedRoom() called by PUN. Now this client is in a room.");
}

新建字段：

代码语言：javascript复制

/// <summary>
/// The maximum number of players per room. When a room is full, it can't be joined by new players, and so new room will be created.
/// </summary>
[Tooltip("The maximum number of players per room. When a room is full, it can't be joined by new players, and so new room will be created")]
[SerializeField]
private byte maxPlayersPerRoom = 4;

然后修改PhototonNetwork.CreateRoom()调用并使用这个新字段

代码语言：javascript复制

// #Critical: we failed to join a random room, maybe none exists or they are all full. No worries, we create a new room.
PhotonNetwork.CreateRoom(null, new RoomOptions { MaxPlayers = maxPlayersPerRoom });

3.UI界面搭建开始按钮新建一个Button，命名为Play Button，绑定事件Launcher.Connect() 打卡脚本Launcher.cs，移除Start()函数

4.玩家名字创建PlayerNameInputField.cs脚本：

代码语言：javascript复制

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;


using Photon.Pun;
using Photon.Realtime;


using System.Collections;


namespace Com.MyCompany.MyGame
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Player name input field. Let the user input his name, will appear above the player in the game.
    /// </summary>
    [RequireComponent(typeof(InputField))]
    public class PlayerNameInputField : MonoBehaviour
    {
        #region Private Constants


        // Store the PlayerPref Key to avoid typos
        const string playerNamePrefKey = "PlayerName";


        #endregion


        #region MonoBehaviour CallBacks


        /// <summary>
        /// MonoBehaviour method called on GameObject by Unity during initialization phase.
        /// </summary>
        void Start () {


            string defaultName = string.Empty;
            InputField _inputField = this.GetComponent<InputField>();
            if (_inputField!=null)
            {
                if (PlayerPrefs.HasKey(playerNamePrefKey))
                {
                    defaultName = PlayerPrefs.GetString(playerNamePrefKey);
                    _inputField.text = defaultName;
                }
            }


            PhotonNetwork.NickName =  defaultName;
        }


        #endregion


        #region Public Methods


        /// <summary>
        /// Sets the name of the player, and save it in the PlayerPrefs for future sessions.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="value">The name of the Player</param>
        public void SetPlayerName(string value)
        {
            // #Important
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
            {
                Debug.LogError("Player Name is null or empty");
                return;
            }
            PhotonNetwork.NickName = value;


            PlayerPrefs.SetString(playerNamePrefKey,value);
        }


        #endregion
    }
}

5.为玩家的名字创建UI 在场景中新建UI---InputField，添加事件On Value Change (String)，拖动PlayerNameInputField附加到对象上，选择SetPlayerName方法

6.连接信息显示使用“GameObject/UI/Panel”菜单创建UI面板，命名为Control Panel，拖放Play Button和Name InputField在Control Panel 新建一个text用作信息显示，命名为Progress Label

7.打开Launcher.cs脚本添加以下两个属性

代码语言：javascript复制

[Tooltip("The Ui Panel to let the user enter name, connect and play")]
[SerializeField]
private GameObject controlPanel;
[Tooltip("The UI Label to inform the user that the connection is in progress")]
[SerializeField]
private GameObject progressLabel;

添加到Start()方法：

代码语言：javascript复制

progressLabel.SetActive(false);
controlPanel.SetActive(true);

添加到Connect()方法：

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progressLabel.SetActive(true);
controlPanel.SetActive(false);

添加到OnDisconnected()方法：

代码语言：javascript复制

progressLabel.SetActive(false);
controlPanel.SetActive(true);

7.创建不同的场景创建一个新场景，保存它并命名Room for 1 新建一个Plane，缩放到20，1，20 新建4个Cube：

Cube1

Cube2

Cube3

Cube4

8.新建c#脚本GameManager.cs

代码语言：javascript复制

using System;
using System.Collections;


using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.SceneManagement;


using Photon.Pun;
using Photon.Realtime;


namespace Com.MyCompany.MyGame
{
    public class GameManager : MonoBehaviourPunCallbacks
    {


        #region Photon Callbacks


        /// <summary>
        /// Called when the local player left the room. We need to load the launcher scene.
        /// </summary>
        public override void OnLeftRoom()
        {
            SceneManager.LoadScene(0);
        }


        #endregion


        #region Public Methods


        public void LeaveRoom()
        {
            PhotonNetwork.LeaveRoom();
        }


        #endregion
    }
}

9.退出房间按钮新建一个面板Top Panel，设置锚点

添加一个退出按钮，命名为Leave Button，绑定事件Game Manager的LeaveRoom()

10.创造其他场景

2人场景：

Cube1:

Cube2:

Cube3:

Cube4:

3人场景： Cube1：

Cube2:

Cube3:

Cube4:

4人场景： Floor 比例尺：60，1，60 Cube1:

Cube2:

Cube3:

Cube4:

11.生成设置场景列表 File/Build Settings拖放所有场景

12.加载场景打开GameManager.cs 添加新方法：

代码语言：javascript复制

#region Private Methods


void LoadArena()
{
    if (!PhotonNetwork.IsMasterClient)
    {
        Debug.LogError("PhotonNetwork : Trying to Load a level but we are not the master Client");
    }
    Debug.LogFormat("PhotonNetwork : Loading Level : {0}", PhotonNetwork.CurrentRoom.PlayerCount);
    PhotonNetwork.LoadLevel("Room for "   PhotonNetwork.CurrentRoom.PlayerCount);
}


#endregion

13.检测其他玩家的加入：

代码语言：javascript复制

#region Photon Callbacks


public override void OnPlayerEnteredRoom(Player other)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("OnPlayerEnteredRoom() {0}", other.NickName); // not seen if you're the player connecting


    if (PhotonNetwork.IsMasterClient)
    {
        Debug.LogFormat("OnPlayerEnteredRoom IsMasterClient {0}", PhotonNetwork.IsMasterClient); // called before OnPlayerLeftRoom


        LoadArena();
    }
}


public override void OnPlayerLeftRoom(Player other)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("OnPlayerLeftRoom() {0}", other.NickName); // seen when other disconnects


    if (PhotonNetwork.IsMasterClient)
    {
        Debug.LogFormat("OnPlayerLeftRoom IsMasterClient {0}", PhotonNetwork.IsMasterClient); // called before OnPlayerLeftRoom


        LoadArena();
    }
}


#endregion

14.加入游戏大厅将下列内容附加到OnJoinedRoom()方法

代码语言：javascript复制

// #Critical: We only load if we are the first player, else we rely on `PhotonNetwork.AutomaticallySyncScene` to sync our instance scene.
if (PhotonNetwork.CurrentRoom.PlayerCount == 1)
{
    Debug.Log("We load the 'Room for 1' ");


    // #Critical
    // Load the Room Level.
    PhotonNetwork.LoadLevel("Room for 1");
}

打开场景Launcher运行它。点击“Play”但如果你离开房间，你会注意到当你回到大厅时，它会自动重新加入要解决这个问题，我们可以修改Launcher.cs脚本

添加新属性：

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/// <summary>
/// Keep track of the current process. Since connection is asynchronous and is based on several callbacks from Photon,
/// we need to keep track of this to properly adjust the behavior when we receive call back by Photon.
/// Typically this is used for the OnConnectedToMaster() callback.
/// </summary>
bool isConnecting;

Connect()方法添加：

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// keep track of the will to join a room, because when we come back from the game we will get a callback that we are connected, so we need to know what to do then
isConnecting = PhotonNetwork.ConnectUsingSettings();

结果：

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public void Connect()
{
    progressLabel.SetActive(true);
    controlPanel.SetActive(false);
    if (PhotonNetwork.IsConnected)
    {
        PhotonNetwork.JoinRandomRoom();
    }
    else
    {
        isConnecting = PhotonNetwork.ConnectUsingSettings();
        PhotonNetwork.GameVersion = gameVersion;
    }
}

OnConnectedToMaster()方法加入：

代码语言：javascript复制

// we don't want to do anything if we are not attempting to join a room.
// this case where isConnecting is false is typically when you lost or quit the game, when this level is loaded, OnConnectedToMaster will be called, in that case
// we don't want to do anything.
if (isConnecting)
{
    // #Critical: The first we try to do is to join a potential existing room. If there is, good, else, we'll be called back with OnJoinRandomFailed()
    PhotonNetwork.JoinRandomRoom();
    isConnecting = false;
}

15.玩家设置模型在AssetsPhotonPhotonUnityNetworkingDemosShared AssetsModels Kyle Robot.fbx 新建一个空场景，拖入Kyle Robot.fbx进入场景，将模型拖入Resources文件夹，做成一个预制体：

双击My Kyle Robot修改碰撞器：

动画设置

配这个Kyle Robot我们的控制器预制件，只需设置属性Controller要指向的动画组件的Kyle Robot

使用控制器参数新建PlayerAnimatorManager.cs脚本：

代码语言：javascript复制

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;


namespace Com.MyCompany.MyGame
{
    public class PlayerAnimatorManager : MonoBehaviour
    {
        #region MonoBehaviour Callbacks


        // Use this for initialization
        void Start()
        {
        }


        // Update is called once per frame
        void Update()
        {
        }


        #endregion
    }
}

创建变量：

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private Animator animator;
// Use this for initialization
void Start()
{
    animator = GetComponent<Animator>();
    if (!animator)
    {
        Debug.LogError("PlayerAnimatorManager is Missing Animator Component", this);
    }
}
// Update is called once per frame
void Update()
{
    if (!animator)
    {
        return;
    }
    float h = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
    float v = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
    if (v < 0)
    {
        v = 0;
    }
    animator.SetFloat("Speed", h * h   v * v);
}

动画管理员脚本：方向控制编辑脚本PlayerAnimatorManager

代码语言：javascript复制

#region Private Fields


[SerializeField]
private float directionDampTime = 0.25f;


#endregion

Update里面添加：

代码语言：javascript复制

animator.SetFloat("Direction", h, directionDampTime, Time.deltaTime);

动画管理员脚本：跳跃编辑脚本PlayerAnimatorManager

代码语言：javascript复制

// deal with Jumping
AnimatorStateInfo stateInfo = animator.GetCurrentAnimatorStateInfo(0);
// only allow jumping if we are running.
if (stateInfo.IsName("Base Layer.Run"))
{
    // When using trigger parameter
    if (Input.GetButtonDown("Fire2"))
    {
        animator.SetTrigger("Jump");
    }
}

结果：

代码语言：javascript复制

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

namespace Com.MyCompany.MyGame
{
    public class PlayerAnimatorManager : MonoBehaviour
    {
        #region Private Fields

        [SerializeField]
        private float directionDampTime = .25f;
        private Animator animator;

        #endregion

        #region MonoBehaviour CallBacks

        // Use this for initialization
        void Start()
        {
            animator = GetComponent<Animator>();
            if (!animator)
            {
                Debug.LogError("PlayerAnimatorManager is Missing Animator Component", this);
            }

        }

        // Update is called once per frame
        void Update()
        {
            if (!animator)
            {
                return;
            }
            // deal with Jumping
            AnimatorStateInfo stateInfo = animator.GetCurrentAnimatorStateInfo(0);
            // only allow jumping if we are running.
            if (stateInfo.IsName("Base Layer.Run"))
            {
                // When using trigger parameter
                if (Input.GetButtonDown("Fire2"))
                {
                    animator.SetTrigger("Jump");
                }
            }
            float h = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
            float v = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
            if (v < 0)
            {
                v = 0;
            }
            animator.SetFloat("Speed", h * h   v * v);
            animator.SetFloat("Direction", h, directionDampTime, Time.deltaTime);
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

摄像机设置添加组件CameraWork到My Kyle Robot预制件

PhotonView组件给模型添加一个PhotonView组件：设置Observe Option到Unreliable On Change

增加武器射线点击模型，打开层级列表，找到头部：

设置两个Cube为射线，然后父对象为Head:

控制射线：创建一个新的脚本：PlayerManager.cs

代码语言：javascript复制

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.EventSystems;

using Photon.Pun;

using System.Collections;

namespace Com.MyCompany.MyGame
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Player manager.
    /// Handles fire Input and Beams.
    /// </summary>
    public class PlayerManager : MonoBehaviourPunCallbacks
    {
        #region Private Fields

        [Tooltip("The Beams GameObject to control")]
        [SerializeField]
        private GameObject beams;
        //True, when the user is firing
        bool IsFiring;
        #endregion

        #region MonoBehaviour CallBacks

        /// <summary>
        /// MonoBehaviour method called on GameObject by Unity during early initialization phase.
        /// </summary>
        void Awake()
        {
            if (beams == null)
            {
                Debug.LogError("<Color=Red><a>Missing</a></Color> Beams Reference.", this);
            }
            else
            {
                beams.SetActive(false);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// MonoBehaviour method called on GameObject by Unity on every frame.
        /// </summary>
        void Update()
        {

            ProcessInputs();

            // trigger Beams active state
            if (beams != null &amp;&amp; IsFiring != beams.activeInHierarchy)
            {
                beams.SetActive(IsFiring);
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region Custom

        /// <summary>
        /// Processes the inputs. Maintain a flag representing when the user is pressing Fire.
        /// </summary>
        void ProcessInputs()
        {
            if (Input.GetButtonDown("Fire1"))
            {
                if (!IsFiring)
                {
                    IsFiring = true;
                }
            }
            if (Input.GetButtonUp("Fire1"))
            {
                if (IsFiring)
                {
                    IsFiring = false;
                }
            }
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

生命值打开PlayerManager剧本增加一个公众Health属性

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[Tooltip("The current Health of our player")]
public float Health = 1f;

以下两个方法添加到MonoBehaviour Callbacks区域。

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/// <summary>
/// MonoBehaviour method called when the Collider 'other' enters the trigger.
/// Affect Health of the Player if the collider is a beam
/// Note: when jumping and firing at the same, you'll find that the player's own beam intersects with itself
/// One could move the collider further away to prevent this or check if the beam belongs to the player.
/// </summary>
void OnTriggerEnter(Collider other)
{
    if (!photonView.IsMine)
    {
        return;
    }
    // We are only interested in Beamers
    // we should be using tags but for the sake of distribution, let's simply check by name.
    if (!other.name.Contains("Beam"))
    {
        return;
    }
    Health -= 0.1f;
}
/// <summary>
/// MonoBehaviour method called once per frame for every Collider 'other' that is touching the trigger.
/// We're going to affect health while the beams are touching the player
/// </summary>
/// <param name="other">Other.</param>
void OnTriggerStay(Collider other)
{
    // we dont' do anything if we are not the local player.
    if (! photonView.IsMine)
    {
        return;
    }
    // We are only interested in Beamers
    // we should be using tags but for the sake of distribution, let's simply check by name.
    if (!other.name.Contains("Beam"))
    {
        return;
    }
    // we slowly affect health when beam is constantly hitting us, so player has to move to prevent death.
    Health -= 0.1f*Time.deltaTime;
}

在公共字段区域中添加此变量

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public static GameManager Instance;

Start()方法添加：

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void Start()
{
    Instance = this;
}

Update函数添加：

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if (Health <= 0f)
{
    GameManager.Instance.LeaveRoom();
}

16.联网 Transform 同步

添加组件PhotonTransformView

动画同步添加组件PhotonAnimatorView

16.用户输入管理打开PlayerAnimatorManager.cs Update添加

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if (photonView.IsMine == false &amp;&amp; PhotonNetwork.IsConnected == true)
{
    return;
}

17.摄像机控制打开PlayerManager剧本

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/// <summary>
/// MonoBehaviour method called on GameObject by Unity during initialization phase.
/// </summary>
void Start()
{
    CameraWork _cameraWork = this.gameObject.GetComponent<CameraWork>();


    if (_cameraWork != null)
    {
        if (photonView.IsMine)
        {
            _cameraWork.OnStartFollowing();
        }
    }
    else
    {
        Debug.LogError("<Color=Red><a>Missing</a></Color> CameraWork Component on playerPrefab.", this);
    }
}

禁用Follow on Start

18.开火控制

打开脚本PlayerManager

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if (photonView.IsMine)
{
    ProcessInputs ();
}

添加接口IPunObservable

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public class PlayerManager : MonoBehaviourPunCallbacks, IPunObservable
{
    #region IPunObservable implementation


    public void OnPhotonSerializeView(PhotonStream stream, PhotonMessageInfo info)
    {
    }


    #endregion

IPunObservable.OnPhotonSerializeView添加以下代码

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if (stream.IsWriting)
{
    // We own this player: send the others our data
    stream.SendNext(IsFiring);
}
else
{
    // Network player, receive data
    this.IsFiring = (bool)stream.ReceiveNext();
}

将PlayerManager组件拖入PhotonView组件

19.生命值同步打开脚本PlayerManager

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if (stream.IsWriting)
{
    // We own this player: send the others our data
    stream.SendNext(IsFiring);
    stream.SendNext(Health);
}
else
{
    // Network player, receive data
    this.IsFiring = (bool)stream.ReceiveNext();
    this.Health = (float)stream.ReceiveNext();
}

20.实例化玩家

打开GameManager脚本在公共字段区域中添加以下变量

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[Tooltip("The prefab to use for representing the player")]
public GameObject playerPrefab;

在Start()方法，添加以下内容

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if (playerPrefab == null)
{
    Debug.LogError("<Color=Red><a>Missing</a></Color> playerPrefab Reference. Please set it up in GameObject 'Game Manager'",this);
}
else
{
    Debug.LogFormat("We are Instantiating LocalPlayer from {0}", Application.loadedLevelName);
    // we're in a room. spawn a character for the local player. it gets synced by using PhotonNetwork.Instantiate
    PhotonNetwork.Instantiate(this.playerPrefab.name, new Vector3(0f,5f,0f), Quaternion.identity, 0);
}

21.跟随玩家

打开PlayerManager脚本在“公共字段”区域中，添加以下内容

代码语言：javascript复制

[Tooltip("The local player instance. Use this to know if the local player is represented in the Scene")]
public static GameObject LocalPlayerInstance;

在Awake()方法，添加以下内容

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// #Important
// used in GameManager.cs: we keep track of the localPlayer instance to prevent instantiation when levels are synchronized
if (photonView.IsMine)
{
    PlayerManager.LocalPlayerInstance = this.gameObject;
}
// #Critical
// we flag as don't destroy on load so that instance survives level synchronization, thus giving a seamless experience when levels load.
DontDestroyOnLoad(this.gameObject);

将实例化调用包围在if条件

代码语言：javascript复制

if (PlayerManager.LocalPlayerInstance == null)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("We are Instantiating LocalPlayer from {0}", SceneManagerHelper.ActiveSceneName);
    // we're in a room. spawn a character for the local player. it gets synced by using PhotonNetwork.Instantiate
    PhotonNetwork.Instantiate(this.playerPrefab.name, new Vector3(0f, 5f, 0f), Quaternion.identity, 0);
}
else
{
    Debug.LogFormat("Ignoring scene load for {0}", SceneManagerHelper.ActiveSceneName);
}

22.管理场景外的玩家打开PlayerManager脚本

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#if UNITY_5_4_OR_NEWER
void OnSceneLoaded(UnityEngine.SceneManagement.Scene scene, UnityEngine.SceneManagement.LoadSceneMode loadingMode)
{
    this.CalledOnLevelWasLoaded(scene.buildIndex);
}
#endif

在Start()方法，添加以下代码

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#if UNITY_5_4_OR_NEWER
// Unity 5.4 has a new scene management. register a method to call CalledOnLevelWasLoaded.
UnityEngine.SceneManagement.SceneManager.sceneLoaded  = OnSceneLoaded;
#endif

在“MonoBehaviour回调”区域中添加以下两个方法

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#if !UNITY_5_4_OR_NEWER
/// <summary>See CalledOnLevelWasLoaded. Outdated in Unity 5.4.</summary>
void OnLevelWasLoaded(int level)
{
    this.CalledOnLevelWasLoaded(level);
}
#endif


void CalledOnLevelWasLoaded(int level)
{
    // check if we are outside the Arena and if it's the case, spawn around the center of the arena in a safe zone
    if (!Physics.Raycast(transform.position, -Vector3.up, 5f))
    {
        transform.position = new Vector3(0f, 5f, 0f);
    }
}

覆盖OnDisable方法如下

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#if UNITY_5_4_OR_NEWER
public override void OnDisable()
{
    // Always call the base to remove callbacks
    base.OnDisable ();
    UnityEngine.SceneManagement.SceneManager.sceneLoaded -= OnSceneLoaded;
}
#endif

23.玩家UI 血条和名字预设体在场景中新建UI，Slider，锚点，中间位置，rect宽度80高度15，背景设置成红色，加一个CanvasGroup组件，设置Interactable和Blocks Raycast为false，拖入到Prefab文件夹,删除场景中的实例，我们不再需要它了

创建一个新的C#脚本PlayerUI.cs

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using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;


using System.Collections;


namespace Com.MyCompany.MyGame
{
    public class PlayerUI : MonoBehaviour
    {
        #region Private Fields


        [Tooltip("UI Text to display Player's Name")]
        [SerializeField]
        private Text playerNameText;


        [Tooltip("UI Slider to display Player's Health")]
        [SerializeField]
        private Slider playerHealthSlider;


        #endregion


        #region MonoBehaviour Callbacks


        #endregion


        #region Public Methods


        #endregion


    }
}

添加属性：

代码语言：javascript复制

private PlayerManager target;

添加此公共方法

代码语言：javascript复制

public void SetTarget(PlayerManager _target)
{
    if (_target == null)
    {
        Debug.LogError("<Color=Red><a>Missing</a></Color> PlayMakerManager target for PlayerUI.SetTarget.", this);
        return;
    }
    // Cache references for efficiency
    target = _target;
    if (playerNameText != null)
    {
        playerNameText.text = target.photonView.Owner.NickName;
    }
}

添加此方法

代码语言：javascript复制

void Update()
{
    // Reflect the Player Health
    if (playerHealthSlider != null)
    {
        playerHealthSlider.value = target.Health;
    }
}

24.实例化打开脚本PlayerManager 添加一个公共字段以保存对Player UI预置的引用，如下所示：

代码语言：javascript复制

[Tooltip("The Player's UI GameObject Prefab")]
[SerializeField]
public GameObject PlayerUiPrefab;

将此代码添加到Start()方法

代码语言：javascript复制

if (PlayerUiPrefab != null)
{
    GameObject _uiGo =  Instantiate(PlayerUiPrefab);
    _uiGo.SendMessage ("SetTarget", this, SendMessageOptions.RequireReceiver);
}
else
{
    Debug.LogWarning("<Color=Red><a>Missing</a></Color> PlayerUiPrefab reference on player Prefab.", this);
}

将此添加到Update()功能

代码语言：javascript复制

// Destroy itself if the target is null, It's a fail safe when Photon is destroying Instances of a Player over the network
if (target == null)
{
    Destroy(this.gameObject);
    return;
}

将此代码添加到CalledOnLevelWasLoaded()方法

代码语言：javascript复制

GameObject _uiGo = Instantiate(this.PlayerUiPrefab);
_uiGo.SendMessage("SetTarget", this, SendMessageOptions.RequireReceiver);

在“MonoBehaviour回调”区域中添加此方法

代码语言：javascript复制

void Awake()
{
    this.transform.SetParent(GameObject.Find("Canvas").GetComponent<Transform>(), false);
}

在“公共字段”区域中添加此公共属性

代码语言：javascript复制

[Tooltip("Pixel offset from the player target")]
[SerializeField]
private Vector3 screenOffset = new Vector3(0f,30f,0f);

将这四个字段添加到“私有字段”区域

代码语言：javascript复制

float characterControllerHeight = 0f;
Transform targetTransform;
Renderer targetRenderer;
CanvasGroup _canvasGroup;
Vector3 targetPosition;

将此添加到Awake方法域

代码语言：javascript复制

_canvasGroup = this.GetComponent<CanvasGroup>();

将下列代码追加到SetTarget()后法_target已经设定好了。

代码语言：javascript复制

targetTransform = this.target.GetComponent<Transform>();
targetRenderer = this.target.GetComponent<Renderer>();
CharacterController characterController = _target.GetComponent<CharacterController> ();
// Get data from the Player that won't change during the lifetime of this Component
if (characterController != null)
{
characterControllerHeight = characterController.height;
}

在“MonoBehaviour回调”区域中添加此公共方法

代码语言：javascript复制

void LateUpdate()
{
// Do not show the UI if we are not visible to the camera, thus avoid potential bugs with seeing the UI, but not the player itself.
    if (targetRenderer!=null)
    {
        this._canvasGroup.alpha = targetRenderer.isVisible ? 1f : 0f;
    }


// #Critical
// Follow the Target GameObject on screen.
if (targetTransform != null)
{
    targetPosition = targetTransform.position;
    targetPosition.y  = characterControllerHeight;
    this.transform.position = Camera.main.WorldToScreenPoint (targetPosition)   screenOffset;
}
}

2.游戏大厅与等待房间

1.游戏大厅

代码语言：javascript复制

// 用于连接Cloud并进入游戏大厅

PhotonNetwork.ConnectUsingSettings(string version)

//进入游戏大厅的默认回调函数

void OnJoinedLobby()

//显示连接日志

GUILayout.Label(PhotonNetwork.connectionStateDetailed.ToString())

2.创建等待房间

代码语言：javascript复制

//设置房间属性并创建房间

RoomOptions ro = new RoomOptions();

ro.IsOpen = true;ro.IsVisible = true;

//设置最大玩家数 为了简单就从2个人开始做起吧 可以随意设置

ro.MaxPlayers = 2;

PhotonNetwork.CreateRoom(srting roomName, ro, TypedLobby.Default);

//创建房间失败的回调函数

void OnPhotonCreateRoomFailed()

3.加入等待房间

代码语言：javascript复制

//随机加入房间

PhotonNetwork.JoinRandomRoom();

//随机进入房间失败（可能是因为没有空房间）的回调函数

//默认的回调函数一定不能眼花写错！！！

void OnPhotonRandomJoinFailed()

{可以调用PhotonNetwork.CreateRoom创建一个}

//进入房间的回调函数

void OnJoinedRoom()
{
    StartCoroutine(this.ChangeToWaitScene());
    //写一个协程 当成功进入房间后就加载等待房间的场景
}
IEnumerator ChangeToWaitScene()
 {
    //切换场景期间中断与photon服务器的网络信息传输 
    //（加载场景尚未完成的情况下 服务器传递的网络信息可能会引发不必要的错误）
    PhotonNetwork.isMessageQueueRunning = false;
    //加载场景
    AsyncOperation ao = SceneManager.LoadSceneAsync("RoomForWait");
     yield return ao;
}

加入房间的同时最好将玩家姓名PhotonNetwork.player.NickName读取或者设置，可以与PlayerPrefs连用实现数据的持久化。

4.房间列表的显示 UGUI里面的Grid Layout Group和 Horizontal Layout Group就是针对于这种情况设计的。我们可以将一个房间列表存储成一个预设，每次有新房间生成就生成一个预设。上面这俩组件可以帮助你把这些房间列表预设排列得整齐划一。

需要用到的prefab都要存在根目录下的Resources文件夹。硬性规定。

//只有在大厅里的房间有玩家进入的时候才会执行接收房间列表

代码语言：javascript复制

void OnReceivedRoomListUpdate()
    {
        //给单个房间列表的预设增加标签
        GameObject[] a = GameObject.FindGameObjectsWithTag("OneRoom");
        for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i  )
            Destroy(a[i].gameObject);
        //每次接收房间列表前把旧的预设销毁 这样就能更新在线人数和房间总人数
        //利用接收房间目录信息的函数生成单个列表预设 
        //PhotonNetwork.GetRoomList()可以获取房间列表里的房间数组
        foreach (RoomInfo _room in PhotonNetwork.GetRoomList()）
        {
           //接收房间列表
            GameObject room = (GameObject)Instantiate(OneRoom);
            room.transform.SetParent(RoomList.transform, false);
            roomData rd = room.GetComponent<roomData>();
            rd.roomName = _room.Name;
            rd.connectPlayer = _room.PlayerCount;
            rd.maxPlayers = _room.MaxPlayers;
            rd.DisplayRoomData();//把数据都获取并设置好了就显示在面板上
        }
    }

至于roomData脚本里面存储的就是房间名、房间人数、最大容纳人数等基本信息，同时最好根据房间人数是否满来设置加入房间的按钮interactable= ture还是false。

这时候如果点击房间列表上的Join 就能进入房间了。

大致效果如下（那个NO.是我给房间用随机数字命名的房间名。场景中其实还有个输入玩家姓名的输入框，如果玩家没有输入姓名就自动随机给个数字当名称。）

unity 游戏 rpc tcp/ip

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