解决问题：ORA-12514 TNS 监听程序当前无法识别连接描述符中请求服务
测试环境：RedHat7.4 Oracle 11g 64位
相关说明：
数据库服务器：
Oracle11g 64位软件的安装位置为/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1，数据库名为默认的orcl,
RedHat7.4虚拟机的IP设置为：192.168.8.13
Windows10客户端：
1、PLSQL安装位置：E:Program FilesPLSQL Developer
2、Oracle客户端位置：E:app
打开E:appproduct11.2.0dbhome_1NETWORKADMINtnsnames.ora文件
ORCL = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 虚拟机IP)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ))
3.添加一个环境变量，名为TNS_ADMIN，值为tnsnames.ora文件所在路径E:appproduct11.2.0dbhome_1NETWORKADMIN，plsql通过这个找到orcl连接字符串
4.添加一个环境变量NLS_LANG = SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK
遇到问题：
使用plsql连接数据库服务器：“ORA-12514 TNS 监听程序当前无法识别连接描述符中请求服务”
解决办法简述：
1.修改E:appproduct11.2.0dbhome_1NETWORKADMINlistener.ora中的localhost改为192.168.8.13；
2.修改E:appproduct11.2.0dbhome_1NETWORKADMINtnsnames.ora中的localhost 改为 192.168.8.13；
3.修改后，重启oracle，监听，并注册，主win10上的plsql就可以远程连接虚拟机上的数据库了。
具体操作步骤如下：
一、修改数据库服务器中listener.ora文件内容
命令:
# vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
原始内容:
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost.localdomain)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
修改后的内容如下：
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora# Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1) (SID_NAME = orcl) ) )
LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost.localdomain)(PORT = 1521)) ) )
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
或者LISTENER这里改的简单一些，改用IP地址也行
LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.8.13)(PORT = 1521)))
二、修改数据库服务器中tnsnames.ora文件内容
命令:
# vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
原始内容:
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. ORCL = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost.localdomain)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) )
修改后的内容：
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. orcl = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.8.13)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = orcl) ) )
三、在数据库服务器中启动监听并更新注册
最后重启一下监听与数据库并更新注册 $ lsnrctl stop #先关闭监听服务 $ lsnrctl start #开启监听服务 $ sqlplus / as sysdba #登入 SQL> shutdown immediate #立即关闭数据库服务 SQL> startup #开启数据库服务 命令：SQL> alter system register; #注册 System altered. SQL> SQL> quit #登出 输出： Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
四、Windows10客户端下的测试步骤：使用plsqldev.exe测试，
修改E:appproduct11.2.0dbhome_1NETWORKADMINtnsnames.ora文件，新增到虚拟机Oracle的连接内容:
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File:E:appproduct11.2.0dbhome_1NETWORKADMINtnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. ORCL = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.8.13)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) ) NH = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.8.19)(PORT = 1525)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = nh) ) )
