下载MySQL RPM 程序包
1.对于MySQL软件的下载，建议通过官网免费下载，安全且有保证。
下载地址： https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
可以在下载页面根据OS的版本选择RPM包，本次选择Linux 6的 RPM包（RPM Bundle）。下载后上传到linux服务器。使用Tar命令解压。tar -xvf 包名
例：
-bash-4.1$ tar -xvf mysql-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-client-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm确认RPM包中的文件
可以通过rpm -qpl 命令确认RPM包中的文件。
代码语言：javascript复制shell> rpm -qpl mysql-community-server-version-distribution-arch.rpm安装MySQL RPM包
可通过如下命令安装MySQL RPM包。
shell> sudo yum install mysql-community-{server,client,common,libs}-*确认安装成功
1.查看mysql文件：
代码语言：javascript复制-bash-4.1$ rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-community-common-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-client-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_642.查看mysql启动状态
代码语言：javascript复制-bash-4.1$ service mysqld status
mysqld is stopped注：
我这里使用的是Oracle Linux 6，所以使用service命令
代码语言：javascript复制-bash-4.1$ service
Usage: service < option > | --status-all | [ service_name [ command | --full-restart ] ]
Linux 7以后可以使用systemctlsystemctl status mysqld.service启动mysql
Linux 6 使用service命令：
root用户使用service start mysqld命令启动mysql。
代码语言：javascript复制-bash-4.1$ sudo service start mysqld
start: unrecognized service
-bash-4.1$ sudo service mysqld start
Initializing MySQL database: [ OK ]
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
-bash-4.1$ sudo service mysqld status
mysqld (pid 28030) is running...Linux 7以后可以使用systemctl：
代码语言：javascript复制 systemctl start mysqld重置密码
服务器初次启动时，会创建了超级用户帐户'root'@'localhost'，并且设置了超级用户的密码并将其存储在错误日志文件中。 可以通过如下命令查看临时密码。
代码语言：javascript复制sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log例：
代码语言：javascript复制-bash-4.1$ sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2021-02-16T09:16:36.715031Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: u7hf5?5:4hG4
登录并输入临时密码，然后修改密码。shell> mysql -uroot -p
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '密码';例：
代码语言：javascript复制-bash-4.1$ mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.23
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)登录确认
例：
代码语言：javascript复制-bash-4.1$ mysql -uroot -pMyNewPass4!
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.23 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
--------------------
| Database |
--------------------
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
--------------------
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> select Host,User from user;
----------- ------------------
| Host | User |
----------- ------------------
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
| localhost | root |
----------- ------------------
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT VERSION(), CURRENT_DATE;
----------- --------------
| VERSION() | CURRENT_DATE |
----------- --------------
| 8.0.23 | 2021-02-16 |
----------- --------------
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
参考：
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/linux-installation-rpm.html
2.5.4 Installing MySQL on Linux Using RPM Packages from Oracle
