微软自动化神器playwright

注意：我这里使用虚拟环境

一、playwright官网（非常详细）

playwright官方文档(python)

二、playwright优势

代码语言：javascript复制

使用总结：开箱即用
支持录制，脚本清晰，方便维护

1.支持同步异步俩种方式
2.不需要为每个浏览器下载driver
3.相对比selenium多了一层context
4.支持无头浏览器
5.运行脚本的时候支持打开开发者工具devtools
6.可以使用传统的定位方式，也可以使用playwright自己的方式或者自定义方式
7.比selenium启动和执行速度更快
8.selenium底层是http单项通讯，playwright是基于websocket双向通信
9.playwright是自动等待，无需做太多处理
10.灵活便捷，多页面切换，无需iframe
11.不太懂的方法或者类可以通过录制去了解使用过程
12.回放效率高，回归效率高
13.底层高可用性和稳定性，我觉得都不需要二次封装
14.支持python、java、js、ts、C# 语言

三、录制脚本

1.当我不知道有些方法的使用过程的时候，我会录制脚本查看脚本内容

代码语言：javascript复制

from playwright.sync_api import Playwright, sync_playwright, expect


def run(playwright: Playwright) -> None:
    browser = playwright.chromium.launch(headless=False)
    context = browser.new_context()

    # Open new page
    page = context.new_page()

    # Go to https://www.gaojs.com.cn/
    page.goto("https://www.gaojs.com.cn/")

    # Click text=关于作者 >> nth=0
    page.locator("text=关于作者").first.click()
    page.wait_for_url("https://www.gaojs.com.cn/s/about")

    # Click text=图床 >> nth=0
    with page.expect_popup() as popup_info:
        page.locator("text=图床").first.click()
    page1 = popup_info.value
    page.wait_for_url("http://image.gaojs.com.cn/explore/trending")

    # Click text=探索
    page1.locator("text=探索").click()

    # Click text=最近
    page1.locator("text=最近").click()
    page1.wait_for_url("http://image.gaojs.com.cn/explore/recent")

    # Click a:has-text("Music") >> nth=0
    page.locator("a:has-text("Music")").first.click()
    page.wait_for_url("https://www.gaojs.com.cn/s/music")

    # Click svg >> nth=0
    page.locator("svg").first.click()

    # Close page
    page1.close()

    # Close page
    page.close()

    # ---------------------
    context.close()
    browser.close()


with sync_playwright() as playwright:
    run(playwright)

2.点击跳转新页面（由录制脚本1内容可知道）

代码语言：javascript复制

    # Click text=图床 >> nth=0
    with page.expect_popup() as popup_info:
        page.locator("text=图床").first.click()
    page1 = popup_info.value
    # 这里需要改一下，录制出来是page，其实是page1
    page1.wait_for_url("http://image.gaojs.com.cn/explore/trending")

    # Click text=探索
    page1.locator("text=探索").click()

四、编写demo脚本

代码语言：javascript复制

# coding=utf-8
"""
    @Project ：playwright_env 
    @File    ：test.py
    @Author  ：gaojs
    @Date    ：2022/8/20 18:07
    @Blogs   : https://www.gaojs.com.cn
"""
from playwright.sync_api import Playwright, sync_playwright, expect
import playwright
import time


# 创建playwright对象
playwright = sync_playwright().start()
# headless：默认为true，无头模式   # devtools默认为false:开发者工具默认关闭
# 浏览器对象:, args=["--start-maximized"]最大化没生效
browser = playwright.chromium.launch(headless=False, devtools=False)
# 上下文管理器对象
context = browser.new_context(viewport={'width': 1920, 'height': 1080})

# 页面对象
page1 = context.new_page()

page1.set_default_navigation_timeout(20000)

# 打开浏览器
page1.goto('https://www.gaojs.com.cn')
# 重新加载
page1.reload()
# 等待页面某个元素出现
page1.wait_for_selector('//*[@id="Joe"]/header/div[1]/div/nav/a[7]')

# page1.locator().click()

# Click text=图床 >> nth=0
with page1.expect_popup() as popup_info:
    page1.locator("text=图床").first.click()
page2 = popup_info.value
page2.wait_for_url("http://image.gaojs.com.cn/explore/trending")

# Click text=探索
page2.locator("text=探索").click()
# d等待页面右上角搜索按钮出现
page2.click("text=最近")
time.sleep(5)


# Close page
page1.close()
# Close page
page2.close()
# ---------------------
context.close()
browser.close()

五、录制案例(回放稍作调试即可)

1.自动发送博客

代码语言：javascript复制

from playwright.sync_api import Playwright, sync_playwright, expect


def run(playwright: Playwright) -> None:
    browser = playwright.chromium.launch(headless=False)
    context = browser.new_context()

    # Open new page
    page = context.new_page()

    # Go to https://www.gaojs.com.cn/admin/index.html
    page.goto("https://www.gaojs.com.cn/admin/index.html")

    # Go to https://www.gaojs.com.cn/admin/index.html#/
    page.goto("https://www.gaojs.com.cn/admin/index.html#/")

    # Go to https://www.gaojs.com.cn/admin/index.html#/login?redirect=/dashboard
    page.goto("https://www.gaojs.com.cn/admin/index.html#/login?redirect=/dashboard")

    # Click [placeholder="用户名/邮箱"]
    page.locator("[placeholder="用户名\/邮箱"]").click()

    # Fill [placeholder="用户名/邮箱"]
    page.locator("[placeholder="用户名\/邮箱"]").fill("xxxxxxxx")

    # Press Tab
    page.locator("[placeholder="用户名\/邮箱"]").press("Tab")

    # Press CapsLock
    page.locator("[placeholder="密码"]").press("CapsLock")

    # Fill [placeholder="密码"]
    page.locator("[placeholder="密码"]").fill("B")

    # Press CapsLock
    page.locator("[placeholder="密码"]").press("CapsLock")

    # Fill [placeholder="密码"]
    page.locator("[placeholder="密码"]").fill("xxxxxxxxxxx")

    # Click button:has-text("登 录")
    page.locator("button:has-text("登 录")").click()
    page.wait_for_url("https://www.gaojs.com.cn/admin/index.html#/dashboard")

    # Click text=速记 发 布 >> textarea
    page.locator("text=速记 发 布 >> textarea").click()

    # Fill text=速记 发 布 >> textarea
    page.locator("text=速记 发 布 >> textarea").fill("playwright自动化进阶学习，微软新一代神器！！！")

    # Click button:has-text("发 布")
    page.locator("button:has-text("发 布")").click()

    # Click ul[role="menu"] div:has-text("文章")
    page.locator("ul[role="menu"] div:has-text("文章")").click()

    # Click a:has-text("所有文章")
    page.locator("a:has-text("所有文章")").click()
    page.wait_for_url("https://www.gaojs.com.cn/admin/index.html#/posts/list?page=0&size=10&statuses=PUBLISHED&statuses=DRAFT&statuses=INTIMATE")

    # Click span:nth-child(4)
    page.locator("span:nth-child(4)").click()
    # Click a:has-text("个人资料")
    page.locator("a:has-text("个人资料")").click()
    page.wait_for_url("https://www.gaojs.com.cn/admin/index.html#/user/profile")

    # Click div:has-text("系统") >> nth=2
    page.locator("div:has-text("系统")").nth(2).click()

    # Click a:has-text("博客设置")
    page.locator("a:has-text("博客设置")").click()
    page.wait_for_url("https://www.gaojs.com.cn/admin/index.html#/system/options")

    # Click a:has-text("仪表盘")
    page.locator("a:has-text("仪表盘")").click()
    page.wait_for_url("https://www.gaojs.com.cn/admin/index.html#/dashboard")

    # Click span:nth-child(4)
    page.locator("span:nth-child(4)").click()

    # Click text=退出登录
    page.locator("text=退出登录").click()

    # Click button:has-text("确 定")
    page.locator("button:has-text("确 定")").click()
    page.wait_for_url("https://www.gaojs.com.cn/admin/index.html#/login?redirect=/dashboard")

    # Close page
    page.close()

    # ---------------------
    context.close()
    browser.close()


with sync_playwright() as playwright:
    run(playwright)

2.网易云音乐签到

代码语言：javascript复制

# coding=utf-8
"""
    @project: automation_tools
    @Author：gaojs
    @file： test008.py
    @date：2022/8/17 17:36
    @blogs: https://www.gaojs.com.cn
"""
import requests


def dayly_news(news_type):
    """
    每日新闻:news_type	支持类型top(推荐,默认)guonei(国内)guoji(国际)yule(娱乐)tiyu(体育)junshi(军事)keji(科技)caijing(财经)youxi(游戏)qiche(汽车)jiankang(健康)
    """
    url = f'http://v.juhe.cn/toutiao/index?type={news_type}&page=1&page_size=30&is_filter=0&key=cb53bd41a74ef445a2d1b7fcfebe6fa0'
    resp = requests.get(url=url)
    with open('title.txt', mode='a ', encoding='GBK') as fin:
        fin.write(news_type   ' 新闻 '   'n')
        fin.write('n')
    t = eval(resp.text)
    try:
        for i in range(30):
            s = t.get('result').get('data')[i].get('title')
            # i = i   1
            with open('title.txt', mode='a ', encoding='GBK') as fin:
                fin.write(str(i 1)   '.'   s   'n')
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
    finally:
        with open('title.txt', mode='a ', encoding='GBK') as fin:
            fin.write('n')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    dayly_news('guonei')
    dayly_news('guoji')
    dayly_news('yule')
    dayly_news('tiyu')
    dayly_news('junshi')
    dayly_news('keji')
    dayly_news('caijing')
    dayly_news('youxi')
    dayly_news('qiche')
    dayly_news('jiankang')

3.Bilibili签到

代码语言：javascript复制

from playwright.sync_api import Playwright, sync_playwright, expect


def run(playwright: Playwright) -> None:
    browser = playwright.chromium.launch(headless=False)
    context = browser.new_context(viewport={'width': 1920, 'height': 1080})

    # Open new page
    page = context.new_page()

    # Go to https://www.bilibili.com/
    page.goto("https://www.bilibili.com/")

    # Click span:has-text("登录")
    page.locator("span:has-text("登录")").click()

    # Click text=QQ登录
    with page.expect_popup() as popup_info:
        page.locator("text=QQ登录").click()
    page1 = popup_info.value

    # Click text=1170527913 懿曲折扇情
    page1.frame_locator("iframe[name="ptlogin_iframe"]").locator("text=1170527913 懿曲折扇情").click()
    page1.wait_for_url("https://www.bilibili.com/")

    # Click text=创作中心
    with page1.expect_popup() as popup_info:
        page1.locator("text=创作中心").click()
    page2 = popup_info.value

    # Click #canvas-wrap img >> nth=2
    page2.locator("#canvas-wrap img").nth(2).click()

    # Click #canvas-wrap img >> nth=2
    page2.locator("#canvas-wrap img").nth(2).click()

    # Click #canvas-wrap img >> nth=2
    page2.locator("#canvas-wrap img").nth(2).click()

    # Click #canvas-wrap img >> nth=1
    page2.locator("#canvas-wrap img").nth(1).click()

    page2.hover('//*[@id="app"]/div[1]/div/div[2]/span[1]/a/img')
    # Click text=直播中心
    with page2.expect_popup() as popup_info:
        page2.locator("text=直播中心").click()
    page3 = popup_info.value

    # Click text=签到 >> nth=0
    page3.locator("text=签到").first.click()

    # Click span:has-text("22") >> nth=0
    page3.locator('//div[@class="checkin-btn t-center pointer"]').first.click()

    # Close page
    page3.close()

    # Close page
    page2.close()

    # Close page
    page1.close()

    # Close page
    page.close()

    # ---------------------
    context.close()
    browser.close()


with sync_playwright() as playwright:
    run(playwright)

六、回放高可用性

B站视频

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV14B4y1z7Ev

七、自动等待Options

智能等待API：

代码语言：javascript复制

element_handle.is_checked()
element_handle.is_disabled()
element_handle.is_editable()
element_handle.is_enabled()
element_handle.is_hidden()
element_handle.is_visible()
page.is_checked(selector, **kwargs)
page.is_disabled(selector, **kwargs)
page.is_editable(selector, **kwargs)
page.is_enabled(selector, **kwargs)
page.is_hidden(selector, **kwargs)
page.is_visible(selector, **kwargs)
locator.is_checked(**kwargs)
locator.is_disabled(**kwargs)
locator.is_editable(**kwargs)
locator.is_enabled(**kwargs)
locator.is_hidden(**kwargs)
locator.is_visible(**kwargs)

八、断言options

代码语言：javascript复制

expect(locator).not_to_be_checked(**kwargs)
expect(locator).not_to_be_disabled(**kwargs)
expect(locator).not_to_be_editable(**kwargs)
expect(locator).not_to_be_empty(**kwargs)
expect(locator).not_to_be_enabled(**kwargs)
expect(locator).not_to_be_focused(**kwargs)
expect(locator).not_to_be_hidden(**kwargs)
expect(locator).not_to_be_visible(**kwargs)
expect(locator).not_to_contain_text(expected, **kwargs)
expect(locator).not_to_have_attribute(name, value, **kwargs)
expect(locator).not_to_have_class(expected, **kwargs)
expect(locator).not_to_have_count(count, **kwargs)
expect(locator).not_to_have_css(name, value, **kwargs)
expect(locator).not_to_have_id(id, **kwargs)
expect(locator).not_to_have_js_property(name, value, **kwargs)
expect(locator).not_to_have_text(expected, **kwargs)
expect(locator).not_to_have_value(value, **kwargs)
expect(locator).not_to_have_values(values, **kwargs)
expect(locator).to_be_checked(**kwargs)
expect(locator).to_be_disabled(**kwargs)
expect(locator).to_be_editable(**kwargs)
expect(locator).to_be_empty(**kwargs)
expect(locator).to_be_enabled(**kwargs)
expect(locator).to_be_focused(**kwargs)
expect(locator).to_be_hidden(**kwargs)
expect(locator).to_be_visible(**kwargs)
expect(locator).to_contain_text(expected, **kwargs)
expect(locator).to_have_attribute(name, value, **kwargs)
expect(locator).to_have_class(expected, **kwargs)
expect(locator).to_have_count(count, **kwargs)
expect(locator).to_have_css(name, value, **kwargs)
expect(locator).to_have_id(id, **kwargs)
expect(locator).to_have_js_property(name, value, **kwargs)
expect(locator).to_have_text(expected, **kwargs)
expect(locator).to_have_value(value, **kwargs)
expect(locator).to_have_values(values, **kwargs)
expect(page).not_to_have_title(title_or_reg_exp, **kwargs)
expect(page).not_to_have_url(url_or_reg_exp, **kwargs)
expect(page).to_have_title(title_or_reg_exp, **kwargs)
expect(page).to_have_url(url_or_reg_exp, **kwargs)
expect(api_response).not_to_be_ok()
expect(api_response).to_be_ok()

案例

代码语言：javascript复制

    page.locator("#submit-button").click()
    expect(page.locator(".status")).to_have_text("Submitted")

python api 官方文档 playwright 脚本

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