java web的动静分离_Nginx+Tomcat动静分离架构

2022-08-31 14:38:58 浏览数 (1)

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Nginx Tomcat动静分离架构

Nginx tomcat是目前主流的java web架构,Nginx动静分离简单来说就是把动态跟静态请求分开,不能理解成只是单纯的把动态页面和静态页面物理分离。严格意义上说应该是动态请求跟静态请求分开,可以理解成使用Nginx处理静态页面,Tomcat、Resin出来动态页面。

动静分离从目前实现角度来讲大致分为两种,一种是纯粹的把静态文件独立成单独的域名,放在独立的服务器上,也是目前主流推崇的方案;另外一种方法就是动态跟静态文件混合在一起发布,通过nginx来分开。

nginx服务器

1、安装环境准备操作系统版本内核版本虚拟机IP地址CentOS 7.03.10.0-229.el7.x86_64192.168.137.128

2、安装依赖包

安装gcc,gcc-c ,automake

yum -y install gcc gcc-c automake

安装pcre,pcre-devel

为了支持rewrite的功能,需要安装pcre

yum -y install pcre pcre-devel

安装openssl,openssl-devel

支持ssl功能

yum -y install openssl openssl-devel

安装zlib, zlib-devel

支持gzip压缩功能

yum -y install zlib zlib-devel

3、源码编译安装

本次安装选择的官方稳定版本nginx-1.8.1

1、创建nginx系统用户

[root@bogon ~]# useradd-r nginx

[root@bogon ~]# id nginx

uid=997(nginx)gid=995(nginx) groups=995(nginx)

[root@bogon local]# cd /usr/local/src/

[root@bogon src]# rz

[root@bogon src]# ls

nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz

[root@bogon src]#tar-xzvf nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz

[root@bogon src]#cdnginx-1.8.1

[root@bogon nginx-1.8.1]#./configure–prefix=/usr/local/nginx–with-http_ssl_module –with-http_stub_status_module

[root@bogon nginx-1.8.1]#make&& makeinstall

安装完后用/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx启动服务然后访问可以看到测试页面

JDK,tomcat安装(tomcat服务器)

软件自行下载

[root@bogon src]#tar –xf jdk-8u73-linux-x64 (1)_.gz

[root@bogon src]#mv jdk1.8.0_73/ /usr/java/

[root@bogon src]# vi/etc/profile最后加入下面一段话

exportJAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_73

exportCLASSPATH=CLASSPATH:JAVA_HOME/lib:

exportPATH=JAVA_HOME/bin:JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:PATH:HOMR/bin

[root@bogon src]# source/etc/profile使其生效

测试Java

部署Tomcat

[root@bogon src]#tar -xzvf apache-tomcat-7.0.63.tar.gz

[root@bogon src]#cp apache-tomcat-7.0.63 /usr/local/tomcat1 -a

[root@bogon src]#cp apache-tomcat-7.0.63 /usr/local/tomcat2 –a

TOMCAT配置文件server.xml分别修改tomcat端口:shutdown端口:8005主要负责启动关闭.ajp端口:8009主要负责通过ajp均衡(常用于apache和tomcat整合)http端口:8080可以通过web页面直接访问(nginx tomcata整合)tomcat1:默认端口tomcat2:分别是8006 8010 8081

[root@bogonsrc]# vi /usr/local/tomcat2/conf/server.xml启动tomcat

[root@bogon src]#/usr/local/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh

[root@bogon src]#/usr/local/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh

ps -ef |grep tomcat可以查看服务以及启动

netstat -ntulp | grep java可以查看服务启动的端口

客户端访问:

http://192.168.137.128:8080/

http://192.168.137.128:8081/

可以看到tomcat的测试页面

如果需要修改tomcat发布目录为自己制定的目录,需要做如下调整,创建两个发布目录:

mkdir-p /data/webapps/{www1,www2}

编辑vi/usr/local/tomcat1/conf/server.xml在最后前一行加下内容

编辑vi/usr/local/tomcat2/conf/server.xml在最后前一行加下内容

tomcat1发布目录内容:index.jsp

tomcat2发布目录内容:index.jsp

然后重启服务通过IP加端口访问测试,能正常访问

Nginx tomcat整合:

Nginx动静分离均衡配置:

nginx服务器上配置nginx.conf文件

worker_processes 8;

pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;

worker_rlimit_nofile 102400;

events

{

use epoll;

worker_connections 102400;

}

http

{

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

fastcgi_intercept_errors on;

charset utf-8;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

client_header_buffer_size 4k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

client_max_body_size 300m;

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

client_body_buffer_size 512k;

proxy_connect_timeout 5;

proxy_read_timeout 60;

proxy_send_timeout 5;

proxy_buffer_size 16k;

proxy_buffers 4 64k;

proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;

proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 16k;

gzip_http_version 1.1;

gzip_comp_level 2;

gzip_types text/plainapplication/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

gzip_vary on;

log_format main ‘http_x_forwarded_for -emote_user [time_local] “request” ‘

status body_bytes_sent”

‘”http_user_agent” request_time

#均衡模块

upstream web_app {

#防止访问登录时候切换,我这里做测试将他注释

# ip_hash;

server 192.168.137.128:8080 weight=1max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;

server 192.168.137.128:8081 weight=1max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;

}

server {

listen 80;

server_name localhostwww.lijq.com;

index index.jsp index.html index.htm;

#本地发布目录/data/www

root /data/www;

#所有请求从根走

location /

{

proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;

proxy_set_header Host $host;

proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

proxy_pass http://web_app;

expires 3d;

}

#请求动静分离优先选择

location ~ .*.(php|jsp|cgi)?$

{

proxy_set_header Host $host;

proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

proxy_pass http://web_app;

}

location ~ .*.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$

{

root /data/www;

#请求浏览器缓存时间3天

expires 3d;

}

}

}

测试nginx配置文件

[root@bogon ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-t

nginx: the configuration file/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

平滑重启

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

测试通过http://192.168.137.128/访问可以查看均衡成功,动静分离测试也成功

注意

平滑重启报错,解决方法有2种供大家参考

[root@bogon conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

nginx: [error] invalid PID number “” in “/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid”

解决一

sudo nginx -c/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

sudo nginx -s reload

解决二

[root@bogon ~]# vi/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

注释pid保存重启就可以了

排错log路径

Nginx

[root@bogon ~]#tail -f /usr/local/nginx/logs/

access.log error.log nginx.pid

Tomcat

[root@bogon ~]#tail -f /usr/local/tomcat1/logs/

catalina.2017-06-15.log host-manager.2017-06-15.log localhost.2017-06-22.log manager.2017-06-15.log

catalina.2017-06-22.log host-manager.2017-06-22.log localhost_access_log.2017-06-15.txt manager.2017-06-22.log

catalina.out localhost.2017-06-15.log localhost_access_log.2017-06-22.txt

[root@bogon ~]#tail -f /usr/local/tomcat2/logs/

catalina.2017-06-15.log host-manager.2017-06-15.log localhost.2017-06-22.log manager.2017-06-15.log

catalina.2017-06-22.log host-manager.2017-06-22.log localhost_access_log.2017-06-15.txt manager.2017-06-22.log

catalina.out localhost.2017-06-15.log localhost_access_log.2017-06-22.txt

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