前言
写程序的时候，难免需要用到自动任务，例如：超时订单自动取消。 刚开始我用crontab来实现，但发现会出问题：
- 权限问题：程序运行时，会生成日志文件，但crontab和web服务的运行用户不一样，导致日志文件的所有者不一致，导致权限问题，最终使程序无法正常运行
- 稳定性：进程挂了后，不能自动重启，导致任务不能正常进行，造成一系列任务超时不更新问题。
最后找到了一个解决问题，就是使用Supervisor来运行任务，完美解决了以上问题，并且方便了任务管理。
以下内容都是参考官方教程来编写，并且在完善当中。
软件安装
这里提供两种安装方法，分别是使用 easy_install 安装和使用 yum 安装
使用 easy_install 安装
1.安装supervisor
代码语言：javascript复制easy_install supervisor2.生成配置文件
代码语言：javascript复制echo_supervisord_conf > /etc/supervisord.conf3.生成supervisord.service服务文件
代码语言：javascript复制curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Supervisor/initscripts/master/centos-systemd-etcs > /lib/systemd/system/supervisord.service4.修改supervisord.service文件权限
代码语言：javascript复制chmod x /lib/systemd/system/supervisord.service使用 yum 安装
代码语言：javascript复制yum install supervisorCentos8系统可以使用dnf包管理器来安装
dnf install supervisor系统服务管理
启用服务
启用服务后，会跟随系统开机自启
代码语言：javascript复制systemctl enable supervisord返回结果
代码语言：javascript复制Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/supervisord.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/supervisord.service.禁用服务
禁用服务后，不会跟随系统开机自启
代码语言：javascript复制systemctl disable supervisord启动服务
也就是启动 supervisor
systemctl start supervisord查看服务状态
也就是查看 supervisor 运行状态
systemctl status supervisord停止服务
代码语言：javascript复制systemctl stop supervisord重启服务
代码语言：javascript复制systemctl start supervisord配置文件解释
/etc/supervisord.conf:
代码语言：javascript复制; supervisor 示例配置文件
;
; 有关配置文件的更多信息，请参阅:
; http://supervisord.org/configuration.html
;
; 提示:
; - Shell expansion ("~" or "$HOME") is not supported. Environment
; variables can be expanded using this syntax: "%(ENV_HOME)s".
; - Quotes around values are not supported, except in the case of
; the environment= options as shown below.
; - Comments must have a leading space: "a=b ;comment" not "a=b;comment".
; - Command will be truncated if it looks like a config file comment, e.g.
; "command=bash -c 'foo ; bar'" will truncate to "command=bash -c 'foo ".
[unix_http_server]
file=/tmp/supervisor.sock ; 套接字(socket)文件的路径
;chmod=0700 ; 套接字(socket)文件的权限 (default 0700)
;chown=nobody:nogroup ; 套接字(socket)文件的所有组和所有者
;username=user ; 用户名,在终端管理Supervisor时使用(默认没有用户名)
;password=123 ; 密码,在终端管理Supervisor时使用(默认没有密码)
;[inet_http_server] ; inet (TCP) 服务，用于通过web管理任务
;port=127.0.0.1:9001 ; 监听地址(IP地址:端口), *:port 表示监听所有IP
;username=user ; 用户名,在web管理Supervisor时使用(默认没有用户名)
;password=123 ; 密码,在web管理Supervisor时使用(默认没有密码)
[supervisord]
logfile=/tmp/supervisord.log ; main log file; default $CWD/supervisord.log
logfile_maxbytes=50MB ; max main logfile bytes b4 rotation; default 50MB
logfile_backups=10 ; # of main logfile backups; 0 means none, default 10
loglevel=info ; 日志等级,默认为:info. 其它选项: debug,warn,trace
pidfile=/tmp/supervisord.pid ; supervisord pidfile; default supervisord.pid
nodaemon=false ; start in foreground if true; default false
minfds=1024 ; min. avail startup file descriptors; default 1024
minprocs=200 ; min. avail process descriptors;default 200
;umask=022 ; process file creation umask; default 022
;user=chrism ; default is current user, required if root
;identifier=supervisor ; supervisord identifier, default is 'supervisor'
;directory=/tmp ; default is not to cd during start
;nocleanup=true ; don't clean up tempfiles at start; default false
;childlogdir=/tmp ; 'AUTO' child log dir, default $TEMP
;environment=KEY="value" ; key value pairs to add to environment
;strip_ansi=false ; strip ansi escape codes in logs; def. false
; The rpcinterface:supervisor section must remain in the config file for
; RPC (supervisorctl/web interface) to work. Additional interfaces may be
; added by defining them in separate [rpcinterface:x] sections.
[rpcinterface:supervisor]
supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface
; The supervisorctl section configures how supervisorctl will connect to
; supervisord. configure it match the settings in either the unix_http_server
; or inet_http_server section.
[supervisorctl]
serverurl=unix:///tmp/supervisor.sock ; use a unix:// URL for a unix socket
;serverurl=http://127.0.0.1:9001 ; use an http:// url to specify an inet socket
;username=chris ; should be same as in [*_http_server] if set
;password=123 ; should be same as in [*_http_server] if set
;prompt=mysupervisor ; cmd line prompt (default "supervisor")
;history_file=~/.sc_history ; use readline history if available
; The sample program section below shows all possible program subsection values.
; Create one or more 'real' program: sections to be able to control them under
; supervisor.
;[program:theprogramname]
;command=/bin/cat ; 需要执行的命令(相对使用PATH，可以使用参数)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; 进程名称表达式(默认:%(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1 ; 要启动的进程数(默认:1)
;directory=/tmp ; 工作目录，执行命令前，转到该目录(默认:无)
;umask=022 ; 进程权限掩码(默认:无)
;priority=999 ; 优先级 (默认:999)
;autostart=true ; 跟随supervisord自动启动 (默认:是)
;startsecs=1 ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
;autorestart=unexpected ; when to restart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
;exitcodes=0,2 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (default 0,2)
;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism ; 设置命令运行用户
;redirect_stderr=true ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false)
;stdout_logfile=/a/path ; 终端日志保存文件(执行命令一般都会有内容信息返回),默认值：AUTO,其它选项:NONE
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stderr logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stderr_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2" ; process environment additions (def no adds)
;serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils)
; The sample eventlistener section below shows all possible eventlistener
; subsection values. Create one or more 'real' eventlistener: sections to be
; able to handle event notifications sent by supervisord.
;[eventlistener:theeventlistenername]
;command=/bin/eventlistener ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1 ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
;events=EVENT ; event notif. types to subscribe to (req'd)
;buffer_size=10 ; event buffer queue size (default 10)
;directory=/tmp ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
;umask=022 ; umask for process (default None)
;priority=-1 ; the relative start priority (default -1)
;autostart=true ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;startsecs=1 ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
;autorestart=unexpected ; autorestart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
;exitcodes=0,2 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (default 0,2)
;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
;redirect_stderr=false ; redirect_stderr=true is not allowed for eventlisteners
;stdout_logfile=/a/path ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stderr logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2" ; process environment additions
;serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils)
; The sample group section below shows all possible group values. Create one
; or more 'real' group: sections to create "heterogeneous" process groups.
;[group:thegroupname]
;programs=progname1,progname2 ; each refers to 'x' in [program:x] definitions
;priority=999 ; the relative start priority (default 999)
; The [include] section can just contain the "files" setting. This
; setting can list multiple files (separated by whitespace or
; newlines). It can also contain wildcards. The filenames are
; interpreted as relative to this file. Included files *cannot*
; include files themselves.
;[include]
;files = relative/directory/*.iniSupervisor命令
1.重启任务
代码语言：javascript复制重启单个任务
supervisorctl restart 任务名代码语言：javascript复制重启多个任务
supervisorctl restart 任务名1 任务名2 任务名3 任务名...代码语言：javascript复制重启群组内的所有任务
supervisorctl restart 群组名:*代码语言：javascript复制重启所有任务
supervisorctl restart all2.启动任务
代码语言：javascript复制启动单个任务
supervisorctl start 任务名代码语言：javascript复制启动多个任务
supervisorctl start 任务名1 任务名2 任务名3 任务名...代码语言：javascript复制启动群组内的所有任务
supervisorctl start 群组名:*代码语言：javascript复制启动所有任务
supervisorctl start all3.停止任务
代码语言：javascript复制停止单个任务
supervisorctl stop 任务名代码语言：javascript复制停止多个任务
supervisorctl stop 任务名1 任务名2 任务名3 任务名...代码语言：javascript复制停止群组内的所有任务
supervisorctl stop 群组名:*代码语言：javascript复制停止所有任务
supervisorctl stop all4.重新加载配置
代码语言：javascript复制重新加载配置文件并重启所有任务
supervisorctl reload代码语言：javascript复制重新加载配置文件并重启配置有变动的任务（适合只更新单个任务的配置，但又不想重启所有任务的情况）
supervisorctl reread
supervisorctl update5.查看終端日志
代码语言：javascript复制查看任务的实时执行情况（相当于直接在终端中执行，可以查看到实时的终端信息输出）
supervisorctl tail -f 任务名代码语言：javascript复制查看最后100字节日志
supervisorctl tail -100 任务名代码语言：javascript复制查看最后1600字节错误日志
supervisorctl tail 任务名 stderr代码语言：javascript复制以前台模式连接到进程
supervisorctl fg 任务名
