今天这篇推文，小编为大家介绍华夫饼图(Waffle charts) 的绘制方法，这次主要介绍使用R-waffle包进行绘制。主要内容如下：
- R-waffle包简介
- R-waffle包样例介绍
R-waffle包简介
使用R绘制华夫饼图最简单的方法是使用waffle包进行绘制(当然，你也可以使用ggplot2的geom_tile()和geom_point()函数绘制)。这里主要介绍waffle包waffle()、geom_pictogram()、geom_waffle()和scale_label_pictogram() 绘图函数，详细如下：
- waffle()：绘制方形华夫饼图
- geom_waffle():绘制方形华夫饼图图层(用法和ggplot2相似)
- geom_pictogram():绘制类似图形文字的集合图层。
- scale_label_pictogram():与geom_pictogram()一起使用，使用Font Awesome字体映射标签。
接下来，通过各种例子介绍上述介绍的绘图函数。
R-waffle包样例介绍
1. waffle()：
基本例子：
代码语言：javascript复制library(tidyverse)
library(ggtext)
library(hrbrthemes)
library(wesanderson)
library(LaCroixColoR)
library(RColorBrewer)
library(waffle)
parts <- data.frame(
names = LETTERS[1:4],
vals = c(80, 30, 20, 10)
)
waffle_plot <- waffle(parts,rows = 8)
theme_ipsum(base_family = "Roboto Condensed",grid = "")
labs(
title = "Example of <span style='color:#D20F26'>waffle::waffle() function</span>",
subtitle = "processed charts with <span style='color:#1A73E8'>waffle()</span>",
caption = "Visualization by <span style='color:#0057FF'>DataCharm</span>")
theme(plot.title = element_markdown(hjust = 0.5,vjust = .5,color = "black",
size = 20, margin = margin(t = 1, b = 12)),
plot.subtitle = element_markdown(hjust = 0,vjust = .5,size=15),
plot.caption = element_markdown(face = 'bold',size = 12),
axis.text.x = element_blank(),
axis.text.y = element_blank())
Example01 of waffle()
当然你还可以通过设置use_glyph参数，使用fontawesome 图标进行绘制，如下：
代码语言：javascript复制waffle(parts,rows = 8,
colors = c("#9DC8C8", "#58C9B9", "#519D9E","#D1B6E1"),
use_glyph = "file-medical",
size=5,legend_pos = "bottom")
····
Example02 of waffle()
2.geom_waffle()：
代码语言：javascript复制df <- data.frame(
parts = factor(rep(month.abb[1:3], 3), levels=month.abb[1:3]),
vals = c(10, 20, 30, 6, 14, 40, 30, 20, 10)
)
df_count <- df %>% count(parts, wt = vals)
plot01 <- ggplot(data = df_count,aes(fill = parts, values = n))
geom_waffle(n_rows = 20, size = .5, colour = "black", flip = TRUE)
#ggsci::scale_fill_lancet(labels = c("Fruit", "Sammich", "Pizza"))
scale_fill_manual(values = lacroix_palette(type = "paired"),
labels = c("Fruit", "Sammich", "Pizza"))
guides(fill=guide_legend(nrow=1,byrow=TRUE,reverse = TRUE,title=NULL))
labs(
title = "Example of <span style='color:#D20F26'>waffle::geom_waffle function</span>",
subtitle = "processed charts with <span style='color:#1A73E8'>geom_waffle()</span>",
caption = "Visualization by <span style='color:#0057FF'>DataCharm</span>")
theme_ipsum(base_family = "Roboto Condensed",grid="")
theme_enhance_waffle()
theme(plot.title = element_markdown(hjust = 0.5,vjust = .5,color = "black",
size = 20, margin = margin(t = 1, b = 12)),
plot.subtitle = element_markdown(hjust = 0,vjust = .5,size=15),
plot.caption = element_markdown(face = 'bold',size = 12),
legend.position = 'bottom',)
Example01 of geom_waffle
「Waffle Bar Charts」
代码语言：javascript复制test02 <- storms %>% filter(year >= 2010) %>% count(year, status)
ggplot(test02, aes(fill = status, values = n))
geom_waffle(color = "white", size = .25, n_rows = 10, flip = TRUE)
facet_wrap(~year, nrow = 1, strip.position = "bottom")
scale_x_discrete()
scale_y_continuous(labels = function(x) x * 10,expand = c(0,0))
scale_fill_manual(values = lacroix_palette(type = "paired"),
name=NULL)
coord_equal()
labs(
title = "Example of <span style='color:#D20F26'>waffle::geom_pictogram function</span>",
subtitle = "processed charts with <span style='color:#1A73E8'>geom_pictogram()</span>",
caption = "Visualization by <span style='color:#0057FF'>DataCharm</span>",
x = "Year",
y = "Count")
theme_minimal(base_family = "Roboto Condensed")
theme(plot.title = element_markdown(hjust = 0.5,vjust = .5,color = "black",
size = 20, margin = margin(t = 1, b = 12)),
plot.subtitle = element_markdown(hjust = 0,vjust = .5,size=15),
plot.caption = element_markdown(face = 'bold',size = 12),
legend.position = 'bottom',
panel.grid = element_blank(),
axis.ticks.y = element_line())
guides(fill = guide_legend(reverse = TRUE))
Example of geom_waffle()
通过此例子，你就可以通过使用不同图方形个数表示不同类别的个数，当然，你也可以使用不同样式图标进行表示。
3. geom_pictogram()和scale_label_pictogram()
我们还还可以通过geom_pictogram()scale_label_pictogram()绘图函数使用fontawesome字体图标进行绘制，例子如下(样例中使用的字体获取方式见文末)：
代码语言：javascript复制#导入字体：比较重要的一步
library(showtext)
font_add(family = "FontAwesome5Free-Solid", regular = "E:\Download Fonts\fa-solid-900.ttf")
font_add(family = "FontAwesome5Free-Regular", regular = "E:\Download Fonts\fa-regular-400.ttf")
font_add(family = "FontAwesome5Brands-Regular", regular = "E:\Download Fonts\fa-brands-400.ttf")
font_add(family = "Roboto Condensed",regular = "E:\Download Fonts\RobotoCondensed-Regular.ttf")
plot02 <- ggplot(data = df_count)
geom_pictogram(aes(label = parts, values = n,colour = parts),n_rows = 10,
flip = TRUE, make_proportional = TRUE)
scale_colour_manual(values = lacroix_palette(type = "paired"),
labels = c("Fruit", "Sammich", "Pizza"))
scale_label_pictogram(
values = c("apple-alt", "bread-slice", "pizza-slice"),
labels = c("Fruit", "Sammich", "Pizza")
)
guides(fill=guide_legend(nrow=1,byrow=TRUE,reverse = TRUE,title=NULL))
labs(
title = "Example of <span style='color:#D20F26'>waffle::geom_pictogram() function</span>",
subtitle = "processed charts with <span style='color:#1A73E8'>geom_pictogram()</span>",
caption = "Visualization by <span style='color:#0057FF'>DataCharm</span>")
theme_ipsum(grid="")
theme_enhance_waffle()
theme(plot.title = element_markdown(hjust = 0.5,vjust = .5,color = "black",face = 'bold',
size = 20, margin = margin(t = 1, b = 12)),
plot.subtitle = element_markdown(hjust = 0,vjust = .5,size=15),
plot.caption = element_markdown(face = 'bold',size = 12),
legend.position = 'bottom',)
Example Of geom_pictogram
综上，R-waffle包绘制华夫饼图(Waffle charts) 的主要绘制方法都已介绍完，当然还有许多优秀的函数没介绍到，感兴趣的小伙伴可自行搜索哈~~
总结
本期，小编介绍了使用R-waffle包绘制华夫饼图(Waffle charts)，当然，小编更喜欢R-waffle包可使用Font Awesome字体作为labels的这一功能，同时，小伙伴们也注意下字体的引用哈
