spring cloud的Netflix中提供了两个组件实现软负载均衡调用,分别是Ribbon和Feign。上一篇和大家一起学习了Ribbon。
Ribbon :Spring CloudRibbon是基于HTTP和TCP的客户端负载工具,它是基于Netflix Ribbon实现的,它可以在客户端配置 ribbonServerList(服务端列表),然后轮询请求以实现均衡负载。
Feign :spring cloudfeign是一个使用起来更加方便的 HTTP 客戶端。在使用ribbon时,通常会使用RestTemplate实现对http请求的封装,形成了模板化的调用方法。springcloud feign在此基础上做了进一步的封装,Feign是一种声明式、模板化的HTTP客户端。在Spring Cloud中使用Feign, 可以做到使用HTTP请求远程服务时能与调用本地方法一样的编码体验,完全感知不到这是远程方法,更感知不到这是个HTTP请求。
1、 新建项目sc-eureka-client-consumer-feign,对应的pom.xml文件如下
代码语言:javascript复制<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>spring-cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>sc-eureka-client-consumer-feign</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>sc-eureka-client-consumer-feign</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Finchley.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 说明是一个 eureka client-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
<version>1.4.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency> -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
备注:spring cloud 2.x后spring-cloud-starter-feign已经被标识为过期,推荐使用spring-cloud-starter-openfeign
2、 新建spring boot启动类ConsumerFeignApplication.java
代码语言:javascript复制package sc.consumer;
importorg.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
importorg.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
importorg.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
importorg.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients
publicclass ConsumerFeignApplication{
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConsumerFeignApplication.class, args);
}
}
3、 创建配置文件bootstrap.yml和application.yml,对应的内容如下
bootstrap.yml
代码语言:javascript复制server:
port:5800
application.yml
代码语言:javascript复制spring:
application:
name: sc-eureka-client-consumer-feign
eureka:
client:
registerWithEureka: true #是否将自己注册到Eureka服务中,默认为true
fetchRegistry: true #是否从Eureka中获取注册信息,默认为true
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:5001/eureka/
4、 编写feign客户端
代码语言:javascript复制package sc.consumer.service;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.DeleteMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PutMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import sc.consumer.model.User;
@FeignClient(value="sc-eureka-client-provider")
public interface UserService {
@GetMapping("/user/getUser/{id}")
Map<String, Object> getUser(@PathVariable(value ="id") Long id);
@RequestMapping("/user/listUser")
Map<String, Object> listUser();
@PostMapping("/user/addUser")
Map<String, Object> addUser(@RequestBody User user);
@PutMapping("/user/updateUser")
Map<String, Object> updateUser(@RequestBody User user);
@DeleteMapping("/user/deleteUser/{id}")
Map<String, Object> deleteUser(@PathVariable(value ="id") Long id);
}
5、 分别启动注册中心项目Spring Cloud 2.x系列之eureka注册中心单机 sc-eureka-server和服务提供者Spring Cloud 2.x系列之服务注册&服务提供者 sc-eureka-client-provider
6、 启动项目sc-eureka-client-consumer-feign,并验证是否启动成功
方法一
方法二
7、 使用postman验证
查询:
http://127.0.0.1:5800/feign/user/getUser/4
列表:
http://127.0.0.1:5800/feign/user/listUser
添加:
http://127.0.0.1:5800/feign/user/addUser
更新:
http://127.0.0.1:5800/feign/user/updateUser
删除:
http://127.0.0.1:5800/feign/user/deleteUser/6
备注:
sc-eureka-client-provider项目的UserController.java需要修正
源码:
代码语言:javascript复制https://gitee.com/hjj520/spring-cloud-2.x/tree/master/sc-eureka-client-consumer-feign