Spring Cloud 2.x系列之服务发现&服务消费者Feign

2022-06-30 16:28:39 浏览数 (1)

spring cloud的Netflix中提供了两个组件实现软负载均衡调用,分别是Ribbon和Feign。上一篇和大家一起学习了Ribbon。

Ribbon :Spring CloudRibbon是基于HTTP和TCP的客户端负载工具,它是基于Netflix Ribbon实现的,它可以在客户端配置 ribbonServerList(服务端列表),然后轮询请求以实现均衡负载。

Feign :spring cloudfeign是一个使用起来更加方便的 HTTP 客戶端。在使用ribbon时,通常会使用RestTemplate实现对http请求的封装,形成了模板化的调用方法。springcloud feign在此基础上做了进一步的封装,Feign是一种声明式、模板化的HTTP客户端。在Spring Cloud中使用Feign, 可以做到使用HTTP请求远程服务时能与调用本地方法一样的编码体验,完全感知不到这是远程方法,更感知不到这是个HTTP请求。

1、 新建项目sc-eureka-client-consumer-feign,对应的pom.xml文件如下

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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>



   <groupId>spring-cloud</groupId>

   <artifactId>sc-eureka-client-consumer-feign</artifactId>

   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

   <packaging>jar</packaging>



   <name>sc-eureka-client-consumer-feign</name>

   <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>



   <parent>

      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>

      <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>

   </parent>



   <dependencyManagement>

      <dependencies>

        <dependency>

           <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

           <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>

           <version>Finchley.RELEASE</version>

           <type>pom</type>

           <scope>import</scope>

        </dependency>



      </dependencies>

   </dependencyManagement>



   <properties>

      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

      <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>

      <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>

   </properties>



   <dependencies>



      <!-- 说明是一个 eureka client-->

      <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

         <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>

      </dependency>



      <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

      </dependency>



      <!-- <dependency>

             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>

            <version>1.4.5.RELEASE</version>

         </dependency> -->

      <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>

      </dependency>

   </dependencies>

</project>

备注:spring cloud 2.x后spring-cloud-starter-feign已经被标识为过期,推荐使用spring-cloud-starter-openfeign

2、 新建spring boot启动类ConsumerFeignApplication.java

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package sc.consumer;



importorg.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

importorg.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

importorg.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

importorg.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;



@SpringBootApplication

@EnableEurekaClient

@EnableFeignClients

publicclass ConsumerFeignApplication{



   publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {

      SpringApplication.run(ConsumerFeignApplication.class, args);

   }



}

3、 创建配置文件bootstrap.yml和application.yml,对应的内容如下

bootstrap.yml

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server:

  port:5800

application.yml

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spring:

  application:

    name: sc-eureka-client-consumer-feign

eureka:

  client:

    registerWithEureka: true #是否将自己注册到Eureka服务中,默认为true

    fetchRegistry: true #是否从Eureka中获取注册信息,默认为true

    serviceUrl:

     defaultZone: http://localhost:5001/eureka/

4、 编写feign客户端

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package sc.consumer.service;

import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.DeleteMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PutMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import sc.consumer.model.User;

@FeignClient(value="sc-eureka-client-provider")
public interface UserService {

    @GetMapping("/user/getUser/{id}")
    Map<String, Object> getUser(@PathVariable(value ="id") Long id);

    @RequestMapping("/user/listUser")
    Map<String, Object> listUser();

    @PostMapping("/user/addUser")
    Map<String, Object> addUser(@RequestBody User user);

    @PutMapping("/user/updateUser")
    Map<String, Object> updateUser(@RequestBody User user);

    @DeleteMapping("/user/deleteUser/{id}")
    Map<String, Object> deleteUser(@PathVariable(value ="id") Long id);

}

5、 分别启动注册中心项目Spring Cloud 2.x系列之eureka注册中心单机 sc-eureka-server和服务提供者Spring Cloud 2.x系列之服务注册&服务提供者 sc-eureka-client-provider

6、 启动项目sc-eureka-client-consumer-feign,并验证是否启动成功

方法一

方法二

7、 使用postman验证

查询:

http://127.0.0.1:5800/feign/user/getUser/4

列表:

http://127.0.0.1:5800/feign/user/listUser

添加:

http://127.0.0.1:5800/feign/user/addUser

更新:

http://127.0.0.1:5800/feign/user/updateUser

删除:

http://127.0.0.1:5800/feign/user/deleteUser/6

备注:

sc-eureka-client-provider项目的UserController.java需要修正

源码:

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https://gitee.com/hjj520/spring-cloud-2.x/tree/master/sc-eureka-client-consumer-feign

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