## 常用sql语句整理：mysql
1. 增
– 增加一张表 “` CREATE TABLE `table_name`( … )ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; “`
– 增加记录 “` INSERT INTO `your_table_name`(`column_name`) VALUES (‘your_value_one’), (‘your_value_two’); “`
– 增加字段 “` ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` ADD `your_column_name` … AFTER `column_name`; “`
– 增加索引 主键 “` ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` ADD PRIMARY KEY your_index_name(your_column_name); “` 唯一索引 “` ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` ADD UNIQUE your_index_name(your_column_name); “` 普通索引 “` ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` ADD INDEX your_index_name(your_column_name); “` 全文索引 “` ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` ADD FULLTEXT your_index_name(your_column_name); “`
2. 删
– 逐行删除 “` DELETE FORM `table_name` WHERE …; “`
– 清空整张表 “` TRUNCATE TABLE `your_table_name`; “`
– 删除表 “` DROP TABLE `your_table_name`; “`
– 删除字段 “` ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` DROP `column_name`; “`
– 删除索引 “` ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` DROP INDEX your_index_name(your_column_name); “`
3. 改
– 变更数据 “` UPDATE `table_name` SET column_name=your_value WHERE …; “`
– 变更字段 “` ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` CHANGE `your_column_name` `your_column_name` …(变更); “`
– 变更字段值为另一张表的某个值 “` UPDATE `your_table_name` AS a JOIN `your_anther_table_name` AS b SET a.column = b.anther_column WHERE a.id = b.a_id…; “`
4. 查
– 普通查询 “` SELECT `column_name_one`, `column_name_two` FROM `table_name`; “`
– 关联查询 “` SELECT * FROM `your_table_name` AS a JOIN `your_anther_table_name` AS b WHERE a.column_name = b.column_name…; “`
– 合计函数条件查询：WHERE 关键字无法与合计函数一起使用 “` SELECT aggregate_function(column_name) FROM your_table_name GROUP BY column_name HAVING aggregate_function(column_name)…; “`
– 同一个实例下跨库查询 “` SELECT * FROM database_name.your_table_name AS a JOIN another_database_name.your_another_table_name AS b WHERE a.column_name = b.column_name…; “`
5. 复制一张表结构 “` CREATE TABLE `your_table_name` LIKE `destination_table_name`; “`
6. 完全复制一张表：表结构 全部数据 “` CREATE TABLE `your_table_name` LIKE `destination_table_name`;
INSERT INTO `your_table_name` SELECT * FROM `destination_table_name`; “`
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### 附录：mysql常用命令 – 登陆： mysql -h host -u username -p – 列出数据库：SHOW DATABESES; – 列出表:SHOW TABLES; – 列出表结构:DESC table_name – 使用一个数据库：USE database_name; – 导入：source ‘file’; – 导出：mysqldump -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p “database_name” “table_name” –where=”condition” > file_name.sql; – 查看慢日志：mysqldumpslow -s [c:按记录次数排序/t:时间/l:锁定时间/r:返回的记录数] -t [n:前n条数据] -g “正则” /path – 新增用户： insert into `user`(`Host`, `User`, `authentication_string`) value(‘localhost’, ‘username’, password(‘pwd’))
### mysql 5.7 新增用户
“` // 插入新用户 insert into mysql.user(Host, User, authentication_string, ssl_cipher, x509_issuer, x509_subject value(‘localhost’, ‘username’, password(‘password’), ”, ”, ”);
// 数据库授权 grant all privileges on dbname.name.* to username@localhost identified by ‘password’;
// 刷新权限信息 FLUSH PRIVILEGES; “`
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