linux 常用命令之cd

2022-03-02 13:57:37 浏览数 (1)

1.命令格式:

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cd   [目录名]

2.命令功能

切换当前目录至 [目录名]

3. 常用范例

1.进入系统根目录

命令:

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cd  / 

说明:进入系统根目录,上面命令执行完后拿ls命令看一下,当前目录已经到系统根目录了

输出:

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hc@hc-virtual-machine:~$ pwd
/home/hc
hc@hc-virtual-machine:~$ cd /
hc@hc-virtual-machine:/$ ls
bin    dev   initrd.img      lib64       mnt   root  snap      sys  var
boot   etc   initrd.img.old  lost found  opt   run   srv       tmp  vmlinuz
cdrom  home  lib             media       proc  sbin  swapfile  usr

pwd的作用是查询当前所在目录

2. 返回父级目录

命令:

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cd  ..

输出:

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hc@hc-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects$ pwd
/home/hc/PycharmProjects
hc@hc-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects$ cd ..
hc@hc-virtual-machine:~$ pwd
/home/hc

3.进入当前目录的父目录的父目录

命令:

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cd  ../..

输出:

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hc@hc-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects$ pwd
/home/hc/PycharmProjects
hc@hc-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects$ cd ../..
hc@hc-virtual-machine:/home$ pwd
/home

4. 进入当前用户主目录

“当前用户主目录”和“系统根目录”是两个不同的概念。进入当前用户主目录有两个方法。

命令1:

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cd

直接输入cd,然后回车

输出:

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hc@hc-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/my_test$ pwd
/home/hc/PycharmProjects/my_test
hc@hc-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/my_test$ cd 
hc@hc-virtual-machine:~$ pwd
/home/hc

上面的命令是我在非root用户下操作的,现在我切换到root用户下再操作一遍

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hc@hc-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/my_test$ sudo su
root@hc-virtual-machine:/home/hc/PycharmProjects/my_test# pwd
/home/hc/PycharmProjects/my_test
root@hc-virtual-machine:/home/hc/PycharmProjects/my_test# cd 
root@hc-virtual-machine:~# pwd
/root

命令2:

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cd ~

输出

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hc@hc-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/my_test$ pwd
/home/hc/PycharmProjects/my_test
hc@hc-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/my_test$ cd ~
hc@hc-virtual-machine:~$ pwd
/home/hc

5. 跳转到指定目录

命令

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 cd /home/hc/PycharmProjects/my_test/

输出

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hc@hc-virtual-machine:/$ pwd
/
hc@hc-virtual-machine:/$ cd /home/hc/PycharmProjects/my_test/
hc@hc-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/my_test$ pwd
/home/hc/PycharmProjects/my_test

6.返回进入此目录之前所在的目录

命令:

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cd -

说明:自动跳转到进入此目录之前所在的目录,并输出所在目录名称

输出:

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hc@hc-virtual-machine:/$ pwd
/
hc@hc-virtual-machine:/$ cd /home/hc/PycharmProjects/my_test/
hc@hc-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/my_test$ pwd
/home/hc/PycharmProjects/my_test
hc@hc-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/my_test$ cd -
/
hc@hc-virtual-machine:/$ pwd
/

7. 把上个命令的参数作为cd参数使用

命令:

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cd !$

输出:

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hc@hc-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/my_test$ pwd
/home/hc/PycharmProjects/my_test
hc@hc-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/my_test$ ls /opt/
google
hc@hc-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/my_test$ cd !$
cd /opt/
hc@hc-virtual-machine:/opt$ pwd
/opt

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