WordPress 用的是 PHP 语言，禁止访客访问网站核心 PHP 文件能提高安全性。我们以 Nginx 的配置文件为例，来详细说明如何安全配置：禁用某些目录执行 PHP。
代码语言：javascript复制server {
listen 80;
server_name website.com;
# Redirect non-www to www (website.com -> www.website.com)
return 301 http://www.$server_name$request_uri;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.website.com;
access_log /var/www/website.com/logs/access.log main;
error_log /var/www/website.com/logs/error.log warn;
root /var/www/website.com/public/htdocs;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
# 日志不记录 robots.txt
location = /robots.txt {
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}
# 如果没有 favicon 文件则退出并返回 204 (没有错误内容)
location ~* /favicon.ico$ {
try_files $uri =204;
expires max;
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}
# 以下格式文件日志不需要记录
location ~* .(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|bmp|gif|ico)$ {
expires max;
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
# Send the all shebang in one fell swoop
tcp_nodelay off;
# Set the OS file cache
open_file_cache max=1000 inactive=120s;
open_file_cache_valid 45s;
open_file_cache_min_uses 2;
open_file_cache_errors off;
}
# http://wiki.nginx.org/WordPress
# 设置静态地址必须要添加的配置
# 如果你后台添加了固定链接，则需要添加以下配置
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
}
# 禁止访问 htaccess 文件
location ~ /. {
deny all;
}
# nocgi cgi等可执行的，不允许
location ~* .(pl|cgi|py|sh|lua)$ {
return 444;
}
#禁止访问 wp-config.php install.php 文件
location = /wp-config.php {
deny all;
}
location = /wp-admin/install.php {
deny all;
}
# 禁止访问 /wp-content/ 目录的 php 格式文件 (包含子目录)
location ~* ^/wp-content/.*.(php|phps)$ {
deny all;
}
# 允许内部分 wp-includes 目录的 .php 文件
location ~* ^/wp-includes/.*.(php|phps)$ {
internal;
}
# 禁止访问 /wp-content/ 目录的以下文件格式 (包含子目录)
location ~* ^/wp-content/.*.(txt|md|exe)$ {
deny all;
}
# 禁止uploads、images目录下面的所有php、jsp访问
location ~ ^/(uploads|images)/.*.(php|php5|jsp)$ {
deny all;
#return 403;
}
# 禁止访问目录 /conf/*
location ^~ /conf/ {
deny all;
}
# 注意：上述/conf/后面的斜杠不能少，否则所有以conf开头的目录或文件都将禁止访问。
## 禁止访问任何目录下的.sql文件，禁止浏览器访问
location ~.*.sql {
deny all;
}
# 这样，任一目录的sql文件都不会被用户访问到了。
# 处理 .php 文件
location ~ .php$ {
try_files $uri =404;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(. .php)(/. )$;
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 180s;
fastcgi_send_timeout 180s;
fastcgi_read_timeout 180s;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
fastcgi_max_temp_file_size 0;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_index index.php;
}
# 限制登陆和管理IP地址
location ~ ^/(wp-admin|wp-login.php) {
allow 1.2.3.4;
deny all;
## 下面是fastcgi 方式
index index.php index.html index.htm;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
include fastcgi.conf;
## 下面是代理方式的设置
proxy_pass http://apachebackend;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
# wordpress 重写规则
rewrite ^/sitemap_index.xml$ /index.php?sitemap=1 last;
rewrite ^/([^/] ?)-sitemap([0-9] )?.xml$ /index.php?sitemap=$1&sitemap_n=$2 last;
# Add trailing slash to */wp-admin requests
rewrite /wp-admin$ $scheme://$host$uri/ permanent;
# 403页面配置
error_page 403 http://cdn-home.mimvp.com/404.html; # 指定CDN页面
error_page 403 404.html; # 指定当前项目根目录下的404.html文件
}
