[没接触过kubevirt？]15分钟快速入门kubevirt

@TOC

本文介绍

本文有两个版本，**详细版、简洁版**。

前者适合新手，后者适合老手**（方便大家查找，从而过滤掉某些步骤，节约时间成本）** 所以大家按需查看哟。

| 详细版 | 简洁版 |

| ------ | ------ |

**简洁版**：包含所有步骤，以及命令的执行过程（适合新手）

**简洁版**：只包含命令（适合有一定熟练度的人）

前言

• 什么是kubevirt？

kubevirt是一个容器方式运行虚拟机的项目。kubevirt是附加kubernetes集群上的，它是通过 CustomResourceDefinition（CRD）部署到Kubernetes API变成资源对象。使用方式类似创建deploy、pod......这些资源清单。

环境准备

• 环境保证网络出外网

| 系统 | 服务 |

| :-----: | :------------: |

| centos7 | kubernetes集群 |

官网地址：https://kubevirt.io/

详细版

搭建步骤

安装KubeVirt

代码语言：shell复制

[root@master ~]# export RELEASE=v0.35.0

[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt/releases/download/${RELEASE}/kubevirt-operator.yaml

[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt/releases/download/${RELEASE}/kubevirt-cr.yaml

[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -n kubevirt

NAME                               READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE

virt-api-64999f7bf5-fblkh          1/1     Running   0          5m24s

virt-api-64999f7bf5-l8wzr          1/1     Running   0          5m24s

virt-controller-8696ccdf44-k9qpv   1/1     Running   0          4m52s

virt-controller-8696ccdf44-tpxwp   1/1     Running   0          4m52s

virt-handler-kl8tl                 1/1     Running   0          4m52s

virt-operator-78fbcdfdf4-468h4     1/1     Running   0          8m4s

virt-operator-78fbcdfdf4-nvvxx     1/1     Running   0          8m4s

**所以服务启动后，执行下面这条命令**

代码语言：shell复制

[root@master ~]# kubectl -n kubevirt wait kv kubevirt --for condition=Available

kubevirt.kubevirt.io/kubevirt condition met

安装virtctl客户端工具

代码语言：shell复制

[root@master ~]# export VERSION=v0.41.0

[root@master ~]# wget https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt/releases/download/${VERSION}/virtctl-${VERSION}-linux-amd64

[root@master kubevirt]# cp virtctl-v0.41.0-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/virtctl

[root@master kubevirt]# chmod  x /usr/local/bin/virtctl ; ll /usr/local/bin/

total 64000

-r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 17586312 Jan 11 10:52 docker-compose

-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 47944250 Apr 16 16:58 virtctl

[root@master kubevirt]# virtctl version

Client Version: version.Info{GitVersion:"v0.41.0", GitCommit:"b77b858ac9345ae6858cf409e1833f4548ec2809", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2020-11-09T13:38:36Z", GoVersion:"go1.13.14", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}

Server Version: version.Info{GitVersion:"{gitVersion}", GitCommit:"{gitCommit}", GitTreeState:"{gitTreeState}", BuildDate:"{buildDate}", GoVersion:"go1.13.14", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}

创建VirtualMachine

• VirtualMachine(vm)类似于docker镜像一个模板可以启动很多运行实例vmi：

代码语言：shell复制

[root@master kubevirt]# cat test.yaml

apiVersion: kubevirt.io/v1alpha3

kind: VirtualMachine

metadata:

  labels:

    kubevirt.io/vm: vm-cirros

  name: vm-cirros

spec:

  running: false

  template:

    metadata:

      labels:

        kubevirt.io/vm: vm-cirros

    spec:

      domain:

        devices:

          disks:

          - disk:

              bus: virtio

            name: containerdisk

          - disk:

              bus: virtio

            name: cloudinitdisk

        machine:

          type: ""

        resources:

          requests:

            memory: 64M

      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 0

      volumes:

      - name: containerdisk

        containerDisk:

          image: kubevirt/cirros-container-disk-demo:latest

      - cloudInitNoCloud:

          userDataBase64: IyEvYmluL3NoCgplY2hvICdwcmludGVkIGZyb20gY2xvdWQtaW5pdCB1c2VyZGF0YScK

        name: cloudinitdisk

[root@master kubevirt]# kubectl apply -f test.yaml

virtualmachine.kubevirt.io/vm-cirros created



[root@master kubevirt]# kubectl get vm

NAME        AGE   VOLUME

vm-cirros   21m

启动VirtualMachineInstance

• VirtualMachineInstance（vmi）类似于docker镜像的运行实例容器：

代码语言：shell复制

[root@master kubevirt]# virtctl start vm-cirros

VM vm-cirros was scheduled to start

[root@master kubevirt]# kubectl get vmi

NAME        AGE   PHASE     IP            NODENAME

vm-cirros   62s   Running   10.244.0.15   maste



[root@master kubevirt]# virtctl console vm-cirros  # 进入虚拟机

Successfully connected to vm-cirros console. The escape sequence is ^]



login as 'cirros' user. default password: 'gocubsgo'. use 'sudo' for root.

vm-cirros login: cirros

Password:

$ ip a

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1

    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreve

    inet6 ::1/128 scope host

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreve

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000

    link/ether 2e:3e:2a:46:29:94 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 10.244.0.16/24 brd 10.244.0.255 scope global eth0

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreve

    inet6 fe80::2c3e:2aff:fe46:2994/64 scope link tentative flags 08

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreve

       

$    #  按 ctrl ]  退出虚拟机

$ [root@master kubevirt]#

启动和停止命令

spec.running 字段如果设置为true为启动、false为停止**

• 创建 VirtualMachine后，可以像这样打开或关闭它：

代码语言：shell复制

# Start the virtual machine:  启动虚拟机

virtctl start vm   



# Stop the virtual machine:  停止虚拟机

virtctl stop vm

• kubectl也可以使用：

代码语言：shell复制

# Start the virtual machine:  启动虚拟机

kubectl patch virtualmachine vm --type merge -p 

    '{"spec":{"running":true}}'



# Stop the virtual machine:  停止虚拟机

kubectl patch virtualmachine vm --type merge -p 

    '{"spec":{"running":false}}'

vm作为服务公开

VirtualMachine可以作为服务公开。实际服务将在 VirtualMachineInstance 启动后可用。

例如， 在创建VirtualMachine 后，将 SSH端口 (22) 公开为NodePort服务

代码语言：shell复制

[root@master kubevirt]# virtctl expose virtualmachine  vm-cirros --name vmiservice-node  --target-port 22  --port 24 --type NodePort

Service vmiservice-node successfully exposed for virtualmachine vm-cirros

[root@master kubevirt]# kubectl get svc

NAME              TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE

kubernetes        ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP        95d

vmiservice-node   NodePort    10.106.62.191   <none>        24:31912/TCP   3s

最后使用**远程工具连接**即可：

** **注意** 端口使用svc **NodePort端口**，如图所示：

255qE5oqA5pyvTG9ncw==,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16)在这里插入图片描述在这里插入图片描述

简洁版

安装KubeVirt

代码语言：shell复制

export RELEASE=v0.35.0

kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt/releases/download/${RELEASE}/kubevirt-operator.yaml

kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt/releases/download/${RELEASE}/kubevirt-cr.yaml

kubectl get pods -n kubevirt

代码语言：shell复制

kubectl -n kubevirt wait kv kubevirt --for condition=Available

安装virtctl客户端工具

代码语言：shell复制

export VERSION=v0.41.0

wget https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt/releases/download/${VERSION}/virtctl-${VERSION}-linux-amd64

cp virtctl-v0.41.0-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/virtctl

chmod  x /usr/local/bin/virtctl ; ll /usr/local/bin/

virtctl version

创建VirtualMachine

代码语言：shell复制

[root@master kubevirt]# cat test.yaml

apiVersion: kubevirt.io/v1alpha3

kind: VirtualMachine

metadata:

  labels:

    kubevirt.io/vm: vm-cirros

  name: vm-cirros

spec:

  running: false

  template:

    metadata:

      labels:

        kubevirt.io/vm: vm-cirros

    spec:

      domain:

        devices:

          disks:

          - disk:

              bus: virtio

            name: containerdisk

          - disk:

              bus: virtio

            name: cloudinitdisk

        machine:

          type: ""

        resources:

          requests:

            memory: 64M

      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 0

      volumes:

      - name: containerdisk

        containerDisk:

          image: kubevirt/cirros-container-disk-demo:latest

      - cloudInitNoCloud:

          userDataBase64: IyEvYmluL3NoCgplY2hvICdwcmludGVkIGZyb20gY2xvdWQtaW5pdCB1c2VyZGF0YScK

        name: cloudinitdisk

[root@master kubevirt]# kubectl apply -f test.yaml

virtualmachine.kubevirt.io/vm-cirros created



[root@master kubevirt]# kubectl get vm

NAME        AGE   VOLUME

vm-cirros   21m

启动VirtualMachineInstance

代码语言：shell复制

virtctl start vm-cirros

kubectl get vmi

virtctl console vm-cirros  # 进入虚拟机

按 ctrl ]  退出虚拟机

启动和停止命令

代码语言：shell复制

virtctl start vm   

virtctl stop vm



# Start the virtual machine:  启动虚拟机

kubectl patch virtualmachine vm --type merge -p 

    '{"spec":{"running":true}}'



# Stop the virtual machine:  停止虚拟机

kubectl patch virtualmachine vm --type merge -p 

    '{"spec":{"running":false}}'

vm作为服务公开

代码语言：shell复制

[root@master kubevirt]# virtctl expose virtualmachine  vm-cirros --name vmiservice-node  --target-port 22  --port 24 --type NodePort

[root@master kubevirt]# kubectl get svc

linux kubernetes 虚拟化 容器镜像服务kubevirt

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