本文节选自霍格沃兹测试学院内部教材
本章节主要讲解 iOS 自动化真机配置以及在 iOS 真机执行自动化时常见问题与解决方法。
真机使用的Capability
与模拟器不同，真机测试需要如下的 Capability
方式一：设置 App 路径，启动 App（自动安装 App）
代码语言：javascript复制{ "app": "/Users/seveniruby/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/UICatalog-ftyzdbgapjmxxobezrnrxsshpdqh/Build/Products/Debug-iphoneos/UICatalog.app", "automationName": "XCUITest", "platformName": "ios", "xcodeOrgId": "xxxxxx", "xcodeSigningId": "iPhone Developer", "udid": "9df22446af15919c494c85b4c1c8b00eaa3a5bd0"}方式二：根据 App 包名启动 App
代码语言：javascript复制{ "platformName": "ios", "bundleId": "com.example.apple-samplecode.UICatalog", "automationName": "XCUITest", "deviceName": "iPhone", "udid": "auto", "xcodeOrgId": "xxxxx", "xcodeSigningId": "iPhone Developer"}- app: Xcode 选择真机编译后的 app 位置
- bundleId: 每个 App 的标识，相当于 Android App 的 appPackage
- xcodeOrgId: Team ID，获取方法详见
https://ceshiren.com/t/topic/11539 - udid:auto 会根据 deviceName 返回的参数自动获取 udid
注意：编译成功后需要在手机里信任证书
使用Appium Desktop验证环境
以上步骤完成后，出现下图表示真机环境配置成功
常见问题
问题一
Failed to register bundle identifier
- 原因：bundle identifier 有重复
- 解决方法：修改为唯一的即可
问题二
执行 instruments -s devices 命令报错：Hogwarts $ instruments -s devices xcode-select: error: tool 'instruments' requires Xcode, but active developer directory '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools' is a command line tools instance
- 原因：安装了 Xcode，但是不在系统默认的目录下。
- 解决方法：需要把 Xcode 的路径修改为你安装的位置，可以在终端里面用命令修改，执行命令 sudo xcode-select --switch /Applications/Xcode.app
问题三
运行脚本过程中，手动停止脚本时，偶尔会报错 Showing All Messages WebDriverAgentRunner-Runner.app (3413) encountered an error (Early unexpected exit, operation never finished bootstrapping - no restart will be attempted. (Underlying error: The test runner exited with code 74 before checking in.))
- 解决方法：重启手机或者拔掉 IOS 数据线，重新连接电脑
问题四
代码语言：javascript复制note: Using new build systemnote: Building targets in parallelnote: Planning buildnote: Constructing build descriptionerror: No signing certificate "iOS Development" found: No "iOS Development" signing certificate matching team ID "L62JHCGMQW" with a private key was found. (in target 'WebDriverAgentLib' from project 'WebDriverAgent')error: No profiles for 'com.facebook.WebDriverAgentRunner.xctrunner' were found: Xcode couldn't find any iOS App Development provisioning profiles matching 'com.facebook.WebDriverAgentRunner.xctrunner'. Automatic signing is disabled and unable to generate a profile. To enable automatic signing, pass -allowProvisioningUpdates to xcodebuild. (in target 'WebDriverAgentRunner' from project 'WebDriverAgent')- 原因：更换手机后，未重新 build；
- 解决方法：更换手机后重新 build WDA，然后点击 test 安装 wda
问题五
代码语言：javascript复制Assertions: System: Early unexpected exit, operation never finished bootstrapping - no restart will beattempted. (Underlying Error: The test runner exited with code 74 before checking in. If you believe thiserror represents a bug, please attach the result bundle at/Users/dzkair/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/WebDriverAgent-alwvnomvwrdtzoaxbbkniqrpcdpp/Logs/Test/Test-WebDriverAgentRunner-2020.11.26_10-47-38- 0800.xcresult)- 解决方法：重新插拔手机即可
常见问题给大家总结了这些，如果大家有遇到其他的问题也可以在下方留言哦~
