“ pyecharts 数据分析原来可以这么炫酷”
Echarts 是一个由百度开源的数据可视化，凭借着良好的交互性，精巧的图表设计，得到了众多开发者的认可。而 Python 是一门富有表达力的语言，很适合用于数据处理。当数据分析遇上数据可视化时，pyecharts 诞生了。
1、特性
- 简洁的 API 设计，使用如丝滑般流畅，支持链式调用
- 囊括了 30 种常见图表，应有尽有
- 支持主流 Notebook 环境，Jupyter Notebook 和 JupyterLab
- 可轻松集成至 Flask，Django 等主流 Web 框架
- 高度灵活的配置项，可轻松搭配出精美的图表
- 详细的文档和示例，帮助开发者更快的上手项目
- 多达 400 地图文件以及原生的百度地图，为地理数据可视化提供强有力的支持
2、安装
先来安装我们需要使用到的模块。
代码语言：javascript复制pip install pyecharts3、最简单的图表
成功安装，我们一起来开发一个最简单的图表。
代码语言：javascript复制from pyecharts.charts import Bar
bar = Bar()#实例化柱状图
bar.add_xaxis(["衬衫", "羊毛衫", "雪纺衫", "裤子", "高跟鞋", "袜子"])#添加横坐标
bar.add_yaxis("商家A", [5, 20, 36, 10, 75, 90])#添加统计数据
#bar.add_yaxis("商家", [5, 20, 36, 10, 75, 90])#添加多个统计数据
# render 会生成本地 HTML 文件，默认会在当前目录生成 render.html 文件
# 也可以传入路径参数，如 bar.render("mycharts.html")
bar.render()
4、3d柱状图
上面是最基本的统计图，柱状图，那我们来看一下3d柱状图。
import random
from pyecharts import options as opts
from pyecharts.charts import Bar3D
from pyecharts.faker import Faker
data = [(i, j, random.randint(0, 12)) for i in range(6) for j in range(24)]
c = (
Bar3D()
.add(
"",
[[d[1], d[0], d[2]] for d in data],
xaxis3d_opts=opts.Axis3DOpts(Faker.clock, type_="category"),
yaxis3d_opts=opts.Axis3DOpts(Faker.week_en, type_="category"),
zaxis3d_opts=opts.Axis3DOpts(type_="value"),
)
.set_global_opts(
visualmap_opts=opts.VisualMapOpts(max_=20),
title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Bar3D-基本示例"),
)
.render("bar3d_base.html")
)
5、k线图
以及一些炒股人士使用到的k线图。
from pyecharts import options as opts
from pyecharts.charts import Kline
data = [
[2320.26, 2320.26, 2287.3, 2362.94],
[2300, 2291.3, 2288.26, 2308.38],
[2295.35, 2346.5, 2295.35, 2345.92],
[2347.22, 2358.98, 2337.35, 2363.8],
[2360.75, 2382.48, 2347.89, 2383.76],
[2383.43, 2385.42, 2371.23, 2391.82],
[2377.41, 2419.02, 2369.57, 2421.15],
[2425.92, 2428.15, 2417.58, 2440.38],
[2411, 2433.13, 2403.3, 2437.42],
[2432.68, 2334.48, 2427.7, 2441.73],
[2430.69, 2418.53, 2394.22, 2433.89],
[2416.62, 2432.4, 2414.4, 2443.03],
[2441.91, 2421.56, 2418.43, 2444.8],
[2420.26, 2382.91, 2373.53, 2427.07],
[2383.49, 2397.18, 2370.61, 2397.94],
[2378.82, 2325.95, 2309.17, 2378.82],
[2322.94, 2314.16, 2308.76, 2330.88],
[2320.62, 2325.82, 2315.01, 2338.78],
[2313.74, 2293.34, 2289.89, 2340.71],
[2297.77, 2313.22, 2292.03, 2324.63],
[2322.32, 2365.59, 2308.92, 2366.16],
[2364.54, 2359.51, 2330.86, 2369.65],
[2332.08, 2273.4, 2259.25, 2333.54],
[2274.81, 2326.31, 2270.1, 2328.14],
[2333.61, 2347.18, 2321.6, 2351.44],
[2340.44, 2324.29, 2304.27, 2352.02],
[2326.42, 2318.61, 2314.59, 2333.67],
[2314.68, 2310.59, 2296.58, 2320.96],
[2309.16, 2286.6, 2264.83, 2333.29],
[2282.17, 2263.97, 2253.25, 2286.33],
[2255.77, 2270.28, 2253.31, 2276.22],
]
c = (
Kline()
.add_xaxis(["2017/7/{}".format(i 1) for i in range(31)])
.add_yaxis(
"kline",
data,
markline_opts=opts.MarkLineOpts(
data=[opts.MarkLineItem(type_="max", value_dim="close")]
),
)
.set_global_opts(
xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(is_scale=True),
yaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(
is_scale=True,
splitarea_opts=opts.SplitAreaOpts(
is_show=True, areastyle_opts=opts.AreaStyleOpts(opacity=1)
),
),
title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Kline-MarkLine"),
)
.render("kline_markline.html")
)6、仪表盘
仪表盘，完成情况等使用
import pyecharts.options as opts
from pyecharts.charts import Gauge
"""
Gallery 使用 pyecharts 1.1.0
参考地址: https://echarts.apache.org/examples/editor.html?c=gauge
目前无法实现的功能:
1、暂无
"""
(
Gauge(init_opts=opts.InitOpts(width="1600px", height="800px"))
.add(series_name="业务指标", data_pair=[["完成率", 55.5]])
.set_global_opts(
legend_opts=opts.LegendOpts(is_show=False),
tooltip_opts=opts.TooltipOpts(is_show=True, formatter="{a} <br/>{b} : {c}%"),
)
.render("gauge.html")
)
7、地理坐标图
统计地理位置时使用。
from pyecharts import options as opts
from pyecharts.charts import Geo
from pyecharts.faker import Faker
c = (
Geo()
.add_schema(maptype="china")
.add("geo", [list(z) for z in zip(Faker.provinces, Faker.values())])
.set_series_opts(label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False))
.set_global_opts(
visualmap_opts=opts.VisualMapOpts(), title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Geo-基本示例")
)
.render("geo_base.html")
)8、关系图
关系图，每一个人的关系，看起来就像是一个星座一样。
import json
from pyecharts import options as opts
from pyecharts.charts import Graph
with open("weibo.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
j = json.load(f)
nodes, links, categories, cont, mid, userl = j
c = (
Graph()
.add(
"",
nodes,
links,
categories,
repulsion=50,
linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(curve=0.2),
label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False),
)
.set_global_opts(
legend_opts=opts.LegendOpts(is_show=False),
title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Graph-微博转发关系图"),
)
.render("graph_weibo.html")
)9、水球图
水球图，统计完成度，或者进度。
from pyecharts import options as opts
from pyecharts.charts import Liquid
from pyecharts.globals import SymbolType
c = (
Liquid()
.add("lq", [0.3, 0.7], is_outline_show=False, shape=SymbolType.DIAMOND)
.set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Liquid-Shape-Diamond"))
.render("liquid_shape_diamond")
)10、3d地图
让数据在3d地图上显示出来。
from pyecharts import options as opts
from pyecharts.charts import Map3D
from pyecharts.globals import ChartType
example_data = [
[[119.107078, 36.70925, 1000], [116.587245, 35.415393, 1000]],
[[117.000923, 36.675807], [120.355173, 36.082982]],
[[118.047648, 36.814939], [118.66471, 37.434564]],
[[121.391382, 37.539297], [119.107078, 36.70925]],
[[116.587245, 35.415393], [122.116394, 37.509691]],
[[119.461208, 35.428588], [118.326443, 35.065282]],
[[116.307428, 37.453968], [115.469381, 35.246531]],
]
c = (
Map3D()
.add_schema(
maptype="山东",
itemstyle_opts=opts.ItemStyleOpts(
color="rgb(5,101,123)",
opacity=1,
border_width=0.8,
border_color="rgb(62,215,213)",
),
light_opts=opts.Map3DLightOpts(
main_color="#fff",
main_intensity=1.2,
is_main_shadow=False,
main_alpha=55,
main_beta=10,
ambient_intensity=0.3,
),
view_control_opts=opts.Map3DViewControlOpts(center=[-10, 0, 10]),
post_effect_opts=opts.Map3DPostEffectOpts(is_enable=False),
)
.add(
series_name="",
data_pair=example_data,
type_=ChartType.LINES3D,
effect=opts.Lines3DEffectOpts(
is_show=True,
period=4,
trail_width=3,
trail_length=0.5,
trail_color="#f00",
trail_opacity=1,
),
linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(is_show=False, color="#fff", opacity=0),
)
.set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Map3D-Lines3D"))
.render("map3d_with_lines3d.html")
)11、饼图
饼图显示
from pyecharts import options as opts
from pyecharts.charts import Pie
from pyecharts.faker import Faker
c = (
Pie()
.add("", [list(z) for z in zip(Faker.choose(), Faker.values())])
.set_colors(["blue", "green", "yellow", "red", "pink", "orange", "purple"])
.set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Pie-设置颜色"))
.set_series_opts(label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(formatter="{b}: {c}"))
.render("pie_set_color.html")
)12、雷达图
统计各项指标情况。
from pyecharts import options as opts
from pyecharts.charts import Radar
v1 = [[4300, 10000, 28000, 35000, 50000, 19000]]
v2 = [[5000, 14000, 28000, 31000, 42000, 21000]]
c = (
Radar()
.add_schema(
schema=[
opts.RadarIndicatorItem(name="销售", max_=6500),
opts.RadarIndicatorItem(name="管理", max_=16000),
opts.RadarIndicatorItem(name="信息技术", max_=30000),
opts.RadarIndicatorItem(name="客服", max_=38000),
opts.RadarIndicatorItem(name="研发", max_=52000),
opts.RadarIndicatorItem(name="市场", max_=25000),
]
)
.add("预算分配", v1)
.add("实际开销", v2)
.set_series_opts(label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False))
.set_global_opts(
legend_opts=opts.LegendOpts(selected_mode="single"),
title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Radar-单例模式"),
)
.render("radar_selected_mode.html")
)13、树图
树图，统计导向，思维。
from pyecharts import options as opts
from pyecharts.charts import Tree
data = [
{
"children": [
{"name": "B"},
{
"children": [{"children": [{"name": "I"}], "name": "E"}, {"name": "F"}],
"name": "C",
},
{
"children": [
{"children": [{"name": "J"}, {"name": "K"}], "name": "G"},
{"name": "H"},
],
"name": "D",
},
],
"name": "A",
}
]
c = (
Tree()
.add("", data)
.set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Tree-基本示例"))
.render("tree_base.html")
)这是常用的几种数据分析统计图，不同的场景，应用不同的统计图，让数据看起来更简单，更方便分析市场导向，掌握先机。
