SpringBoot整合MQTT并实现异步线程调用

2022-01-05 14:35:44 浏览数 (1)

基于SpringBoot通过注解实现对mqtt消息处理的异步调用

使用背景

生产环境下, 由于mqtt 生产者生产的消息逐渐增多, 可能会导致消息堆积. 因此需要消费者去快速的消费. 而其中的一个方案便是使用异步线程去加速消费消息. 下面介绍下思路

我们可以在原来的mqtt工具类上面进行改装. 首先创建一个类MqttMessageListener并继承IMqttMessageListener实现messageArrived, 用于处理这些消息(业务编写) 然后改写mqtt客户端订阅的方法, 注入MqttMessageListener, 并在订阅方法中新增该参数 在然后在启动类开启异步线程, 编写一个配置类配置线程池参数并且在messageArrived加上@Async开启异步线程调用

代码实现

基础代码

指没有开启线程池的代码

  1. MqttPushClient 主要定义了连接参数
代码语言：javascript复制
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.IMqttToken;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Author
 * @Date
 * @Description  连接至EMQ X 服务器，获取mqtt连接，发布消息
 */
@Component
public class MqttPushClient{

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MqttPushClient.class);

    @Autowired
    private PushCallback pushCallback;

    private static MqttClient client;

    public static void setClient(MqttClient client) {
        MqttPushClient.client = client;
    }

    public static MqttClient getClient() {
        return client;
    }

    public void connect(String host, String clientID, String username, String password, int timeout, int keepalive, List<String> topicList) {
        MqttClient client;
        try {
            client = new MqttClient(host, clientID, new MemoryPersistence());
            MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
            options.setCleanSession(true);
            if (username != null) {
                options.setUserName(username);
            }
            if (password != null) {
                options.setPassword(password.toCharArray());
            }
            options.setConnectionTimeout(timeout);
            options.setKeepAliveInterval(keepalive);
            MqttPushClient.setClient(client);
            try {
                //设置回调类
                client.setCallback(pushCallback);
                //client.connect(options);
                IMqttToken iMqttToken = client.connectWithResult(options);
                boolean complete = iMqttToken.isComplete();
                log.info("MQTT连接" (complete?"成功":"失败"));
                /** 订阅主题 **/
                for (String topic : topicList) {
                    log.info("连接订阅主题：{}", topic);
                    client.subscribe(topic, 0);
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}
  1. PushCallback 回调类, 实现重连, 消息发送监听, 消息接收监听
代码语言：javascript复制
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.IMqttDeliveryToken;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttCallback;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @Author
 * @Date
 * @Description  消息回调，处理接收的消息
 */
@Component
public class PushCallback implements MqttCallback {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PushCallback.class);

    @Autowired
    private MqttConfiguration mqttConfiguration;
    @Autowired
    private MqttTopic mqttTopic;

    @Override
    public void connectionLost(Throwable cause) {        // 连接丢失后，一般在这里面进行重连
        log.info("连接断开，正在重连");
        MqttPushClient mqttPushClient = mqttConfiguration.getMqttPushClient();
        if (null != mqttPushClient) {
            mqttPushClient.connect(mqttConfiguration.getHost(), mqttConfiguration.getClientid(), mqttConfiguration.getUsername(),
                    mqttConfiguration.getPassword(), mqttConfiguration.getTimeout(), mqttConfiguration.getKeepalive(), mqttConfiguration.getTopic());
            log.info("已重连");
        }

    }

    /**
     * 发送消息，消息到达后处理方法
     * @param token
     */
    @Override
    public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {
        int messageId = token.getMessageId();
        String[] topics = token.getTopics();
        log.info("消息发送完成,messageId={},topics={}",messageId,topics.toString());
    }

    /**
     * 订阅主题接收到消息处理方法
     * @param topic
     * @param message
     */
    @Override
    public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) {
         // subscribe后得到的消息会执行到这里面,这里在控制台有输出
        String messageStr = new String(message.getPayload());
        // messageDistribute.distribute(topic, messageStr);
        log.info("接收的主题："   topic    ";接收到的信息："   messageStr);
        }
  }
  1. MqttConfiguration 配置了mqtt相关参数, 并初始化连接(mqtt在这里启动)
代码语言：javascript复制
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Author
 * @Date mqtt配置及连接
 * @Description
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(MqttConfiguration.PREFIX)
public class MqttConfiguration {

    @Autowired
    private MqttPushClient mqttPushClient;

    /**
     * 指定配置文件application-local.properties中的属性名前缀
     */
    public static final String PREFIX = "std.mqtt";

    private String host;
    private String clientId;
    private String userName;
    private String password;
    private int timeout;
    private int keepAlive;
    private List<String> topic;

    public String getClientid() {
        return clientId;
    }

    public void setClientid(String clientid) {
        this.clientId = clientid;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.userName = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public int getTimeout() {
        return timeout;
    }

    public void setTimeout(int timeout) {
        this.timeout = timeout;
    }

    public int getKeepalive() {
        return keepAlive;
    }

    public void setKeepalive(int keepalive) {
        this.keepAlive = keepalive;
    }

    public String getHost() {
        return host;
    }

    public void setHost(String host) {
        this.host = host;
    }

    public List<String> getTopic() {
        return topic;
    }

    public void setTopic(List<String> topic) {
        this.topic = topic;
    }

    /**
     * 连接至mqtt服务器，获取mqtt连接
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public MqttPushClient getMqttPushClient() {
        //连接至mqtt服务器，获取mqtt连接
        mqttPushClient.connect(host, clientId, userName, password, timeout, keepAlive, topic);
        return mqttPushClient;
    }
}

properties.yml 配置文件
std.mqtt:
  host: tcp://x.x.x.x:1883
  username: your_username
  password: your_password
  #MQTT-连接服务器默认客户端ID
  clientid: your_clientid
  #连接超时
  timeout: 1000
  # deviceId
  deviceId: your_deviceId
  # mqtt-topic
  topic[0]: your_tpoic
  1. TopicOperation 定义了发布订阅的方法
代码语言：javascript复制
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttTopic;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

/**
 * @Author chy
 */
public class TopicOperation {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TopicOperation.class);

    /**
     * 订阅主题
     * @param topic 主题名称
     */
    public static void subscribe(String topic) {
        try {
            MqttClient client = MqttPushClient.getClient();
            if (client == null) {
                return;
            };
            client.subscribe(topic, 0);
            log.info("订阅主题:{}",topic);
        } catch (MqttException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 发布主题
     *
     * @param topic
     * @param pushMessage
     */
    public static void publish(String topic, String pushMessage) {

        log.info("SEND TO MQTT -- topic : {}, message : {}", topic, pushMessage);

        MqttMessage message = new MqttMessage();
        message.setQos(0);
        // 非持久化
        message.setRetained(false);
        message.setPayload(pushMessage.getBytes());
        MqttClient client = MqttPushClient.getClient();
        if (client == null) {
            return;
        };
        MqttTopic mTopic = client.getTopic(topic);
        if (null == mTopic) {
            log.error("主题不存在:{}",mTopic);
        }
        try {
            mTopic.publish(message);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("mqtt发送消息异常:",e);
        }
    }

}
  1. 定义了发布和订阅的相关主题
代码语言：javascript复制
import com.sxd.onlinereservation.exception.BusinessException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @Author
 * @Date topic名称
 * @Description
 */
@Component
public class MqttTopic {

    @Value("${std.mqtt.deviceId}")
    private String[] deviceId;

    public String getSubscribeTopic(String type){
        switch (type){

            case "appointTopic":
                return String.format("/v1/%s/service/appointTopic", deviceId[0]);
            default:
                throw new BusinessException("mqtt 订阅主题获取错误");
        }
    }

    public String getPublishTopic(String type) {
        switch (type){
                //1.0接口立即取号发布主题
            case "appointTopic":
                return String.format("/v1/%s/service/appointTopic", deviceId[1]);
            default:
                throw new BusinessException("mqtt 发布主题获取错误");
        }
    }



}

ps: 如果想要使用该工具类进行消息发送和接收看下面demo

代码语言：javascript复制
//消息发布操作
 TopicOperation.publish(mqttTopic.getPublishTopic("appointTopic"), "消息体"));
 //消息订阅操作
  TopicOperation.subscribe(mqttTopic.getSubscribeTopic("appointTopic"), "消息体"));

异步线程处理实现

总结

  1. 创建消息监听类 , 用于监听消息并进行业务处理
  2. 在原来订阅时, 注入并使用第一步创建的监听类
  3. 通过注解开启异步线程并配置处理方式
创建消息监听类 , 用于监听消息并进行业务处理
代码语言：javascript复制
@Slf4j
@Component
public class MqttMessageListener implements IMqttMessageListener {

    @Resource
    private BusinessService businessService;
    @Autowired
    private MqttTopic mqttTopic;
    @Autowired
    private ThreeCallmachineService threeCallmachineService;
    @Autowired
    private BusinessHallService businessHallService;
    @Autowired
    private BusinessMaterialService businessMaterialService;
    @Autowired
    private BusinessWaitService businessWaitService;
    @Autowired
    private AppointmentService appointmentService;


    @Override
    public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {
        String messageStr = new String(message.getPayload());
        log.info("接收的主题："   topic    ";接收到的信息："   messageStr);
        //进行 业务处理
        }
}
在原来订阅时, 注入并使用第一步创建的监听类

注入了 MqttMessageListener , 并且在订阅时加入 client.subscribe(topic, mqttMessageListener);

  1. 修改MqttPushClient (必须)
代码语言：javascript复制
@Component
public class MqttPushClient{

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MqttPushClient.class);

    @Autowired
    private PushCallback pushCallback;
    @Autowired   //这里进行了注入操作
    private MqttMessageListener mqttMessageListener;

    private static MqttClient client;

    public static void setClient(MqttClient client) {
        MqttPushClient.client = client;
    }

    public static MqttClient getClient() {
        return client;
    }

    public void connect(String host, String clientID, String username, String password, int timeout, int keepalive, List<String> topicList) {
        MqttClient client;
        try {
            client = new MqttClient(host, clientID, new MemoryPersistence());
            MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
            options.setCleanSession(true);
            if (username != null) {
                options.setUserName(username);
            }
            if (password != null) {
                options.setPassword(password.toCharArray());
            }
            options.setConnectionTimeout(timeout);
            options.setKeepAliveInterval(keepalive);
            MqttPushClient.setClient(client);
            try {
                //设置回调类
                client.setCallback(pushCallback);
                //client.connect(options);
                IMqttToken iMqttToken = client.connectWithResult(options);
                boolean complete = iMqttToken.isComplete();
                log.info("MQTT连接" (complete?"成功":"失败"));
                /** 订阅主题 **/
                for (String topic : topicList) {
                    log.info("连接订阅主题：{}", topic);
                    //client.subscribe(topic, 0);
                    client.subscribe(topic, mqttMessageListener);
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}
  1. 如果业务还使用了手动订阅, 则也需要在订阅的类上面注入MqttMessageListener , 并且在订阅方法中作为参数使用. 但是我们需要将方法改成非静态的, 因此在使用该方法时我们需要new该对象然后才能够调用. 但是手动订阅很少用到. 因此有无此步骤都可
代码语言：javascript复制
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttTopic;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

/**
 * @Author chy
 * @Date
 * @Description
 */
public class TopicOperation {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TopicOperation.class);

	//注入MqttMessageListener
    @Autowired
    private MqttMessageListener mqttMessageListener;

    /**
     * 订阅主题
     * @param topic 主题名称
     */
    public void subscribe(String topic) {
        try {
            MqttClient client = MqttPushClient.getClient();
            if (client == null) {
                return;
            };
           //client.subscribe(topic, 0);
           //在订阅方法中作为参数使用
            client.subscribe(topic, mqttMessageListener);
            log.info("订阅主题:{}",topic);
        } catch (MqttException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 发布主题
     *
     * @param topic
     * @param pushMessage
     */
    public static void publish(String topic, String pushMessage) {

        log.info("SEND TO MQTT -- topic : {}, message : {}", topic, pushMessage);

        MqttMessage message = new MqttMessage();
        message.setQos(0);
        // 非持久化
        message.setRetained(false);
        message.setPayload(pushMessage.getBytes());
        MqttClient client = MqttPushClient.getClient();
        if (client == null) {
            return;
        };
        MqttTopic mTopic = client.getTopic(topic);
        if (null == mTopic) {
            log.error("主题不存在:{}",mTopic);
        }
        try {
            mTopic.publish(message);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("mqtt发送消息异常:",e);
        }
    }

}
通过注解开启异步线程并配置处理方式
  1. 启动类开启 @EnableAsync(proxyTargetClass=true )
代码语言：javascript复制
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.x.x.mapper")
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableAsync(proxyTargetClass=true )
public class XXApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(XXApplication.class, args);
    }

}
  1. 配置类配置线程池参数
代码语言：javascript复制
@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class ExecutorConfig {

    @Bean
    public Executor asyncServiceExecutor() {
        log.info("start asyncServiceExecutor");
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        //配置核心线程数
        executor.setCorePoolSize(9);
        //配置最大线程数
        executor.setMaxPoolSize(20);
        //配置队列大小
        executor.setQueueCapacity(200);
        //配置线程池中的线程的名称前缀
        executor.setThreadNamePrefix("sxd-async-service-");
        // 设置拒绝策略：当pool已经达到max size的时候，如何处理新任务
        // CALLER_RUNS：不在新线程中执行任务，而是有调用者所在的线程来执行
        executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
        //执行初始化
        executor.initialize();
        return executor;
    }
}
  1. MqttMessageListener的实现方法messageArrived开启@Async("asyncServiceExecutor")
代码语言：javascript复制
@Slf4j
@Component
public class MqttMessageListener implements IMqttMessageListener {

    @Resource
    private BusinessService businessService;
    @Autowired
    private MqttTopic mqttTopic;
    @Autowired
    private ThreeCallmachineService threeCallmachineService;
    @Autowired
    private BusinessHallService businessHallService;
    @Autowired
    private BusinessMaterialService businessMaterialService;
    @Autowired
    private BusinessWaitService businessWaitService;
    @Autowired
    private AppointmentService appointmentService;


    @Override
    @Async("asyncServiceExecutor")
    public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {
        String messageStr = new String(message.getPayload());
        log.info("接收的主题："   topic    ";接收到的信息："   messageStr);
        System.out.println("线程名称：【"   Thread.currentThread().getName()   "】");
        //进行 业务处理
        }
}
mqtt javascript node.js 网络安全

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