hadoop+hbase+zookeeper安装指南

2022-02-11 14:04:11 浏览数 (1)

hadoop、hbase、zookeeper是大数据里面三个重要的产品,关于这三个产品的介绍,各种书籍和网站介绍得很多,在这里不再赘述,仅介绍在ubunt下如何安装和配置这三种产品。

第一步:配置虚拟机为桥接模式

第二步:安装openssh-server,并且登录不需要

/home/jerry/>apt-get install openssh-server #安装openssh-server /home/jerry/>ssh localhost #登录本机,需要密码 /home/jerry/>exit# 退出刚才的 ssh localhost /home/jerry/>cd ~/.ssh/# 若没有该目录,请先执行一次ssh localhost /home/jerry/>ssh-keygen -t rsa# 会有提示,都按回车就可以 /home/jerry/>cat ./id_rsa.pub >> ./authorized_keys # 加入授权 /home/jerry/>ssh localhost#不需要密码

第三步:安装JDK 1.7以上

/home/jerry/>tar -xzf jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local /home/jerry/>cd /usr/local /usr/local/>mv jdk1.8.0_161/ java /usr/local/>gedit ~/.bashrc

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export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

/usr/local/>source ~/.bashrc /usr/local/>java -version

出现版本信息,说明配置正确。

第四步:安装hadoop

/home/jerry/>tar -xzf hadoop-2.6.4.tar.gz -C /usr/local /home/jerry/>cd /usr/local /usr/local/>mv hadoop-2.6.4/ hadoop /usr/local/>chown -R root ./hadoop /usr/local/>gedit ~/.bashrc

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export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native
export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native"
export JAVA_LIBRAY_PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$JAVA_LIBRARY_PATH

/usr/local/>source ~/.bashrc /usr/local/>hadoop version

#查看hsddop版本有内容,说明配置正确

/usr/local/>gedit /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml

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<configuration>
  <property>
    <name>fs.defualtFS</name>
    <value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>
  </property>
  <configuration>
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp</value>
        <description>Abase for other temporary directories.</description>
    </property>
</configuration>

/usr/local/>gedit /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml

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<configuration>
      <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>1</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp/dfs/name</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp/dfs/data</value>
    </property>
  <property>
    <name>dfs.namenode.http-address</name>
    <value>0.0.0.0:50070</value>
  </property>
</configuration>
  • dfs.namenode.name.dir:namenode位置
  • dfs.namenode.data.dir:datanode位置
  • dfs.namenode.http-address:hadoop WEB端口

gedit /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdoop-env.sh

将语句

export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME

修改为

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_101

hadoop WEB 页面:http://localhost:50070

/usr/local/>cd hadoop /usr/local/hadoop/>hdfs namenode -format /usr/local/hadoop/>sbin/start-dfs.sh /usr/local/hadoop/>cp etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml.template etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml /usr/local/hadoop/>gedit /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml

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<configuration>
  <property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-server</name>
    <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
  </property>
</configuration>

/usr/local/hadoop/>sbin/start-dfs.sh(./sbin/stop-dfs.sh) /usr/local/hadoop/>sbin/start-yarn.sh(./sbin/stop-yarn.sh) /usr/local/hadoop/>sbin/mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver #查看历史任务( ./sbin/mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh stop historyserver)

hadoop安全模式,比如hadoop非正常退出,会进入安全模式

$hdfs dfsadmin -safemode get|wait|entry|leave|wait

  • get:获得当前是否进入安全模式
  • wait:等待进入安全模式
  • entry:强制进入安全模式
  • leave:强制离开安全模式

第五步:安装HBase

/home/jerry/>tar -xzf hbase-2.2.4-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local /home/jerry/>cd /usr/local /usr/local/>mv hbase-2.2.4/ hbase /usr/local/>gedit ~/.bashrc

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export HBASE_HOME=/usr/local/hbase
export PATH=$PATH:$HBASE_HOME/bin

/usr/local/>source ~/.bashrc /usr/local/>chown -R root ./habase /usr/local/>gedit hbase/conf/hbase-site.xml

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<configuration>
    <property>
    <name>hbase.rootdir</name>
    <value>hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
    <value>true</value>
  </property>
   <property> 
      <name>hbase.unsafe.stream.capability.enforce</name> 
      <value>false</value> 
   </property>
  <property>
        <name>hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir</name>
        <value>/usr/local/zookeeper</value>
    </property>
</configuration>
  • hbase.rootdir: hbase在HDFS的位置,端口号一定要与/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml保持一致。
  • hbase.cluster.distributed: 是否为分布式,在这里为伪分布式
  • hbase.unsafe.stream.capability.enforce: 在分布式情况下, 一定设置为false(hbase的一个bug)
  • hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir: zookeeper的位置。

/usr/local/>hbase version #有结果说明配置正确 /usr/local/>hbase-daemon.sh start master /usr/local/>start-hbase.sh #用于启动HBase,关闭HBase用stop-hbase.sh 速度相当慢,./bin/hdfs namenode -format,但是数据全部丢失 /usr/local/>hbase shell#用于打开shell命令行模式

HBase WEB 页面http://localhost:16010

第六步:安装zookeeperz文件

/home/jerry/>tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.11.tar.gz /home/jerry/>mv zookeeper-3.4.11 /usr/local/zookeeper /home/jerry/>cd /usr/local/zookeeper/conf //切换到该目录 /usr/local/zookeeper/conf >cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg//复制一份取名为zoo.cfg /usr/local/zookeeper/conf >gedit zoo.cfg

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...
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
# do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just 
# example sakes.
dataDir=/tmp/zookeeper
dataLogDir=/tmp/zookeeper/logs
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2181
...

确保/tmp/zookeeper,/tmp/zookeeper/logs存在

/usr/local/>source ~/.bashrc /usr/local/>chown -R root ./habase /usr/local/>hbase version /usr/local/zookeeper/conf >gedit ~/.bashrc

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export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/usr/local/zookeeper
export PATH=$PATH:$ ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin

/usr/local/zookeeper/conf >source ~/.bashrc cd ../bin/ /usr/local/zookeeper/bin>zkServer.sh start

在实际工作中,建议启动服务以后确定启动没有问题再关闭,最后统一启动,启动顺序为:

  • haddoop
  • hbase
  • zookeep

启动完毕

jps 114865 NameNode 112467 JobHistoryServer 116114 HRegionServer 111637 ResourceManager 115271 SecondaryNameNode 43386 Jps 115994 HMaster 115932 HQuorumPeer 115023 DataNode 111774 NodeManager

几种错误现象。

1,NoNode for /hbase/master

hbase(main):005:0> status

ERROR: KeeperErrorCode = NoNode for /hbase/master

For usage try 'help "status"'

Took 8.1764 seconds

原因

HMaster进程没有打开

2,启动hadoopmei没有datanode

cat /usr/local/hadoop/tmp/dfs/name/current/VERSION

记住clusterID

edit /usr/local/hadoop/tmp/dfs/data/current/VERSION

修改clusterID为刚才记录的name里面的clusterID

重新启动hadoop

3,启动hbase后不久HMaster就关闭

如果使用后hbase自带的zookeeper,建议单独安装zookeeper,否则到zookeeper主目录下删除hbase下所有内容

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