背景
当前GTS学苑，TCS、TBDS、TSF、TDSQL以及TBASE等腾讯云自研产品的培训都需要学员自带环境，在培训过程中使用学员自己的环境进行实操演练。每个产品的培训环境对CVM的数量以及配置都有不同要求。一套产品培训的实操环境少则4台，多则接近20台，而且CVM的配置有差异。学员在环境准备的时候如果使用人工购买的方式，就需要花费较多时间进行环境的准备工作，效率低且繁琐。本文将基于GTS学苑当前环境使用情况，介绍自动化创建CVM的功能，并附录主要的培训产品相关创建机器的代码，供学员自行下载并运行。
解决方案
通过本文的介绍，即使对编程不了解的用户也可以通过代码实现创建CVM的功能。
获取创建CVM程序
针对编程零基础的同学来说，不需要自己写程序，在腾讯云网站就有对应的程序生成界面可以自动获取自动创建CVM的代码。
在新建服务器的购买页面，按照自己的需求选择需要购买CVM的信息(包含计费模式、地域、机型、网络、配置等信息)，在第三阶段“3.确认配置信息”，即可看到“生成API Explorer最佳实践脚本”的选项。点击后即可获取创建CVM的程序。
获取创建CVM的程序代码在左侧就会展示出当前机器的一下关键配置信息，右侧选择API脚本的语言后，即可看到自动生成的程序。
获取所需代码运行代码
通过获取的代码，补充"$secretId", "$secretKey"以及服务器登陆密码信息，就可以直接在安装了tencentcloud-sdk-python的机器上直接运行程序进行CVM的创建。
密钥信息获取
secretId和secretKey信息的获取方式可以直接访问：https://console.cloud.tencent.com/cam/capi 即可获取
SDK安装
安装tencentcloud-sdk-python的方式参考连接：https://cloud.tencent.com/document/sdk/Python 按照安装SDK的方式直接安装腾讯云SDK。
由于获取的代码仅能够创建统一配置的机器，所以还需要进行修改来创建多台不同配置的实验环境。
代码修改
根据要求进行基础配置，即可实现自动化创建不同配置的多台CVM
代码语言：javascript复制#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
# coding: utf8
# author: johnnyxsu
# Create: 2022-2-17
import sys
import json
import time
from tencentcloud.common import credential
from tencentcloud.common.profile.client_profile import ClientProfile
from tencentcloud.common.profile.http_profile import HttpProfile
from tencentcloud.common.exception.tencent_cloud_sdk_exception import TencentCloudSDKException
from tencentcloud.cvm.v20170312 import cvm_client, models
# https://console.cloud.tencent.com/cam/capi 即可获取
SecretId = ""
SecretKey = ""
#按照要求填写机型信息，需要多少台就依次填写多少台
InstanceType = [
{"InstanceType": "SA3.2XLARGE16"},
{"InstanceType": "SA3.2XLARGE16"},
{"InstanceType": "SA3.2XLARGE16"},
{"InstanceType": "SA3.2XLARGE16"},
]
#机器的数据盘信息，和InstanceType是一一对应的
DataDisks = [
[{"DiskSize": 100, "DiskType": "CLOUD_PREMIUM"}],
[{"DiskSize": 100, "DiskType": "CLOUD_PREMIUM"}],
[{"DiskSize": 100, "DiskType": "CLOUD_PREMIUM"}],
[{"DiskSize": 100, "DiskType": "CLOUD_PREMIUM"}, {"DiskSize": 200, "DiskType": "CLOUD_PREMIUM"}],
]
def loopCreateCVM(datas):
cvms = list()
print("开始创建CVM:")
for data in datas:
inData = dict()
inData['projectId'] = data['projectId']
inData['VpcId'] = data['VpcId']
inData['SubnetId'] = data['SubnetId']
for i in range(len(InstanceType)):
inData['InstanceType'] = InstanceType[i]['InstanceType']
inData['InstanceName'] = data['groupId'] '-' InstanceType[i]['InstanceType'].split('.')[-1] "-{}".format(i 1)
inData['DataDisks'] = DataDisks[i]
#print(inData)
#inData = {"InstanceName": "", "projectId": 1222686, "VpcId": "vpc-ay2tio8z", "SubnetId": "subnet-1tgw7cos","InstanceType": "SA2.8XLARGE64", "DataDisks": []}
msg = createCVM(inData)
print(msg)
retD = json.loads(msg)
if 'InstanceIdSet' in retD and retD['InstanceIdSet']:
cvms = cvms retD['InstanceIdSet']
return cvms
def createCVM(inData):
# inData = {"groupId": "", "projectId": 1222686, "VpcId": "vpc-ay2tio8z", "SubnetId": "subnet-1tgw7cos", "InstanceType": "SA2.8XLARGE64", "DataDisks":[]}
try:
cred = credential.Credential(SecretId, SecretKey)
httpProfile = HttpProfile()
httpProfile.endpoint = "cvm.ap-guangzhou.tencentcloudapi.com"
clientProfile = ClientProfile()
clientProfile.httpProfile = httpProfile
client = cvm_client.CvmClient(cred, "ap-guangzhou", clientProfile)
req = models.RunInstancesRequest()
params = {
"InstanceChargeType": "POSTPAID_BY_HOUR", # PREPAID POSTPAID_BY_HOUR
"InstanceChargePrepaid": {
"Period": 1,
"RenewFlag": "NOTIFY_AND_MANUAL_RENEW"
},
"Placement": {
"Zone": "ap-guangzhou-7", # 可用区
"ProjectId": inData['projectId'] # 项目ID需要修改
},
"VirtualPrivateCloud": {
"AsVpcGateway": False,
"VpcId": inData['VpcId'], # VPC需要修改
"SubnetId": inData['SubnetId'], # 子网需要修改
"Ipv6AddressCount": 0
},
"InstanceType": inData['InstanceType'], # 机型需要修改
"ImageId": "img-hdt9xxkt",
"SystemDisk": {
"DiskSize": 100, ## 系统盘大小
"DiskType": "CLOUD_PREMIUM"
},
"DataDisks": inData['DataDisks'], # 磁盘信息需要修改
"InternetAccessible": {
"InternetMaxBandwidthOut": 0,
"PublicIpAssigned": False
},
"InstanceName": inData['InstanceName'], # 实例ID需要修改
"LoginSettings": {
"Password": "Tcdn@2007"
},
"SecurityGroupIds": ["sg-5etqc5mt"], # 按照要求配置安全组
"InstanceCount": 1, # 创建实例个数
"EnhancedService": {
"SecurityService": {"Enabled": True},
"MonitorService": {"Enabled": True},
"AutomationService": {"Enabled": True}
}
}
req.from_json_string(json.dumps(params))
resp = client.RunInstances(req)
return resp.to_json_string()
except TencentCloudSDKException as err:
return err
def batchcreateCVM(data):
cvmslist = list()
print("inputData:{}".format(json.dumps(data)))
print("---------------------------------------------")
cvms = loopCreateCVM([data])
cvmslist.append(cvms)
print("---------------------------------------------")
print("创建CVM列表信息：{}".format(json.dumps(cvmslist)))
print("等待120s创建虚拟机后，开始查询CVM IP信息")
time.sleep(120)
describeCVM(cvmslist)
return cvmslist
def describeCVM(cvmslist):
for cvms in cvmslist:
try:
cred = credential.Credential(SecretId, SecretKey)
httpProfile = HttpProfile()
httpProfile.endpoint = "cvm.tencentcloudapi.com"
clientProfile = ClientProfile()
clientProfile.httpProfile = httpProfile
client = cvm_client.CvmClient(cred, "ap-guangzhou", clientProfile)
req = models.DescribeInstancesRequest()
params = {
"InstanceIds": cvms
}
req.from_json_string(json.dumps(params))
#print(json.dumps(cvms))
resp = client.DescribeInstances(req)
retD = json.loads(resp.to_json_string())
#print(resp.to_json_string())
if 'InstanceSet' in retD and retD['InstanceSet'] and 'TotalCount' in retD and retD['TotalCount'] > 0:
for cvm in cvms:
for ret in retD['InstanceSet']:
if ret['InstanceId'] == cvm:
print("{data[InstanceId]} {data[PrivateIpAddresses][0]}".format(data=ret))
break
except TencentCloudSDKException as err:
print(err)
print("---------------------------------------------")
if __name__ == '__main__':
data = {"groupId": "TBASE", "projectId": 1254589, "VpcId": "vpc-lkj4qiln", "SubnetId": "subnet-1ymbb2sw"}
'''
groupId: 机器名称
projectId：项目ID，如果没有修改为0即可
VpcId：创建CVM对应的VPC ID
SubnetId：创建CVM对应的子网ID，子网要必须和Zone信息是对应的
'''
msg = batchcreateCVM(data)
#cvmslist = []
#msg = describeCVM(cvmslist)
