前言
SaltStack 是一款高性能的自动化运维工具
类似的工具还有 Puppet、Chef、Ansible，他们之间可以相互替代，但是哪一个更好，我就不在此引发圣战了
这里分享一下 SaltStack 执行命令的方法
参考 EXECUTE COMMANDS
Tip: 当前的版本为 Latest release: 2017.7.3 (February 5, 2018)
操作
环境
代码语言：javascript复制[root@h209 ~]# hostnamectl
Static hostname: h209
Icon name: computer-vm
Chassis: vm
Machine ID: 33dc28f7e76c4903ad9b603b77e29a7c
Boot ID: 6ce363851e6d4a519c97c067a58296ae
Virtualization: kvm
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7
Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-514.21.1.el7.x86_64
Architecture: x86-64
[root@h209 ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:0b:e9:0b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.0.2.15/24 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global dynamic enp0s3
valid_lft 85529sec preferred_lft 85529sec
3: enp0s8: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:36:8b:0c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.56.209/24 brd 192.168.56.255 scope global enp0s8
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:16:5e:11 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:16:5e:11 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@h209 ~]# salt -V
Salt Version:
Salt: 2017.7.3
Dependency Versions:
cffi: 1.6.0
cherrypy: Not Installed
dateutil: 1.5
docker-py: Not Installed
gitdb: Not Installed
gitpython: Not Installed
ioflo: Not Installed
Jinja2: 2.7.2
libgit2: Not Installed
libnacl: Not Installed
M2Crypto: Not Installed
Mako: 0.8.1
msgpack-pure: Not Installed
msgpack-python: 0.5.1
mysql-python: Not Installed
pycparser: 2.14
pycrypto: 2.6.1
pycryptodome: Not Installed
pygit2: Not Installed
Python: 2.7.5 (default, Nov 6 2016, 00:28:07)
python-gnupg: Not Installed
PyYAML: 3.11
PyZMQ: 15.3.0
RAET: Not Installed
smmap: Not Installed
timelib: Not Installed
Tornado: 4.2.1
ZMQ: 4.1.4
System Versions:
dist: centos 7.3.1611 Core
locale: UTF-8
machine: x86_64
release: 3.10.0-514.21.1.el7.x86_64
system: Linux
version: CentOS Linux 7.3.1611 Core
[root@h209 ~]#命令语法
代码语言：javascript复制[root@h209 ~]# salt-key -L
Accepted Keys:
much
test-master
test-minion
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
Rejected Keys:
[root@h209 ~]# salt "*" cmd.run "echo test"
much:
test
test-master:
test
test-minion:
test
[root@h209 ~]#一般而言，语法如下
代码语言：javascript复制salt <target> <module.function> [argument]- target: 指定哪些系统来执行以下命令
- command (module.function): 命令由模块和方法构成，这是 salt 的处理逻辑
- arguments: 处理逻辑需要的参数，有些没有参数，就不必添加，有些参数具备默认值，也可以不必加，但是可以通过改变参数值来调整处理逻辑
salt 加 执行对象 加 模块.方法 加 参数
查看磁盘用量
代码语言：javascript复制[root@h209 ~]# salt "*" disk.usage
test-minion:
----------
/:
----------
1K-blocks:
40137576
available:
33086520
capacity:
18%
filesystem:
/dev/mapper/cl-root
used:
7051056
/boot:
----------
1K-blocks:
1038336
available:
841580
capacity:
19%
filesystem:
/dev/sda1
used:
196756
/dev:
----------
1K-blocks:
2008008
available:
2008008
capacity:
0%
filesystem:
devtmpfs
used:
0
/dev/shm:
----------
1K-blocks:
2023420
available:
2023408
capacity:
1%
filesystem:
tmpfs
used:
12
/home:
----------
1K-blocks:
19593216
available:
16607368
capacity:
16%
filesystem:
/dev/mapper/cl-home
used:
2985848
/media/cdrom:
----------
1K-blocks:
8086368
available:
0
capacity:
100%
filesystem:
/dev/sr0
used:
8086368
/media/sf_script:
----------
1K-blocks:
269029008
available:
39847740
capacity:
86%
filesystem:
script
used:
229181268
/run:
----------
1K-blocks:
2023420
available:
2014552
capacity:
1%
filesystem:
tmpfs
used:
8868
/sys/fs/cgroup:
----------
1K-blocks:
2023420
available:
2023420
capacity:
0%
filesystem:
tmpfs
used:
0
test-master:
----------
/:
----------
1K-blocks:
40137576
available:
31538344
capacity:
22%
filesystem:
/dev/mapper/cl-root
used:
8599232
/boot:
----------
1K-blocks:
1038336
available:
841580
capacity:
19%
filesystem:
/dev/sda1
used:
196756
/dev:
----------
1K-blocks:
2008008
available:
2008008
capacity:
0%
filesystem:
devtmpfs
used:
0
/dev/shm:
----------
1K-blocks:
2023420
available:
2023392
capacity:
1%
filesystem:
tmpfs
used:
28
/home:
----------
1K-blocks:
19593216
available:
16607320
capacity:
16%
filesystem:
/dev/mapper/cl-home
used:
2985896
/media/cdrom:
----------
1K-blocks:
8086368
available:
0
capacity:
100%
filesystem:
/dev/sr0
used:
8086368
/media/sf_usb:
----------
1K-blocks:
269029008
available:
39847740
capacity:
86%
filesystem:
usb
used:
229181268
/run:
----------
1K-blocks:
2023420
available:
2014500
capacity:
1%
filesystem:
tmpfs
used:
8920
/run/user/0:
----------
1K-blocks:
404684
available:
404684
capacity:
0%
filesystem:
tmpfs
used:
0
/run/user/1004:
----------
1K-blocks:
404684
available:
404684
capacity:
0%
filesystem:
tmpfs
used:
0
/sys/fs/cgroup:
----------
1K-blocks:
2023420
available:
2023420
capacity:
0%
filesystem:
tmpfs
used:
0
much:
----------
/:
----------
1K-blocks:
40137576
available:
34442576
capacity:
15%
filesystem:
/dev/mapper/cl-root
used:
5695000
/boot:
----------
1K-blocks:
1038336
available:
841580
capacity:
19%
filesystem:
/dev/sda1
used:
196756
/dev:
----------
1K-blocks:
2008008
available:
2008008
capacity:
0%
filesystem:
devtmpfs
used:
0
/dev/shm:
----------
1K-blocks:
2023420
available:
2023408
capacity:
1%
filesystem:
tmpfs
used:
12
/home:
----------
1K-blocks:
19593216
available:
16607368
capacity:
16%
filesystem:
/dev/mapper/cl-home
used:
2985848
/media/cdrom:
----------
1K-blocks:
8086368
available:
0
capacity:
100%
filesystem:
/dev/sr0
used:
8086368
/run:
----------
1K-blocks:
2023420
available:
2014588
capacity:
1%
filesystem:
tmpfs
used:
8832
/sys/fs/cgroup:
----------
1K-blocks:
2023420
available:
2023420
capacity:
0%
filesystem:
tmpfs
used:
0
[root@h209 ~]#disk.usage 就没有参数
查看网络配置
代码语言：javascript复制[root@h209 ~]# salt '*' network.interfaces
much:
----------
enp0s3:
----------
hwaddr:
08:00:27:e3:df:87
inet:
|_
----------
address:
10.0.2.15
broadcast:
10.0.2.255
label:
enp0s3
netmask:
255.255.255.0
up:
True
enp0s8:
----------
hwaddr:
08:00:27:d3:ec:e7
inet:
|_
----------
address:
192.168.56.207
broadcast:
192.168.56.255
label:
enp0s8
netmask:
255.255.255.0
up:
True
lo:
----------
hwaddr:
00:00:00:00:00:00
inet:
|_
----------
address:
127.0.0.1
broadcast:
None
label:
lo
netmask:
255.0.0.0
up:
True
virbr0:
----------
hwaddr:
52:54:00:16:5e:11
inet:
|_
----------
address:
192.168.122.1
broadcast:
192.168.122.255
label:
virbr0
netmask:
255.255.255.0
up:
True
virbr0-nic:
----------
hwaddr:
52:54:00:16:5e:11
up:
False
test-master:
----------
enp0s3:
----------
hwaddr:
08:00:27:0b:e9:0b
inet:
|_
----------
address:
10.0.2.15
broadcast:
10.0.2.255
label:
enp0s3
netmask:
255.255.255.0
up:
True
enp0s8:
----------
hwaddr:
08:00:27:36:8b:0c
inet:
|_
----------
address:
192.168.56.209
broadcast:
192.168.56.255
label:
enp0s8
netmask:
255.255.255.0
up:
True
lo:
----------
hwaddr:
00:00:00:00:00:00
inet:
|_
----------
address:
127.0.0.1
broadcast:
None
label:
lo
netmask:
255.0.0.0
up:
True
virbr0:
----------
hwaddr:
52:54:00:16:5e:11
inet:
|_
----------
address:
192.168.122.1
broadcast:
192.168.122.255
label:
virbr0
netmask:
255.255.255.0
up:
True
virbr0-nic:
----------
hwaddr:
52:54:00:16:5e:11
up:
False
test-minion:
----------
enp0s3:
----------
hwaddr:
08:00:27:e3:df:87
inet:
|_
----------
address:
10.0.2.15
broadcast:
10.0.2.255
label:
enp0s3
netmask:
255.255.255.0
up:
True
enp0s8:
----------
hwaddr:
08:00:27:d3:ec:e7
inet:
|_
----------
address:
192.168.56.208
broadcast:
192.168.56.255
label:
enp0s8
netmask:
255.255.255.0
up:
True
lo:
----------
hwaddr:
00:00:00:00:00:00
inet:
|_
----------
address:
127.0.0.1
broadcast:
None
label:
lo
netmask:
255.0.0.0
up:
True
virbr0:
----------
hwaddr:
52:54:00:16:5e:11
inet:
|_
----------
address:
192.168.122.1
broadcast:
192.168.122.255
label:
virbr0
netmask:
255.255.255.0
up:
True
virbr0-nic:
----------
hwaddr:
52:54:00:16:5e:11
up:
False
[root@h209 ~]#安装软件
代码语言：javascript复制[root@h209 ~]# salt "*" cmd.run "rpm -qa | grep cowsay"
test-minion:
much:
test-master:
cowsay-3.04-4.el7.noarch
ERROR: Minions returned with non-zero exit code
[root@h209 ~]# salt "*" pkg.install cowsay
test-master:
----------
much:
----------
cowsay:
----------
new:
3.04-4.el7
old:
test-minion:
----------
cowsay:
----------
new:
3.04-4.el7
old:
[root@h209 ~]# salt "*" cmd.run "rpm -qa | grep cowsay"
much:
cowsay-3.04-4.el7.noarch
test-minion:
cowsay-3.04-4.el7.noarch
test-master:
cowsay-3.04-4.el7.noarch
[root@h209 ~]#执行新安装的命令进行测试
代码语言：javascript复制[root@h209 ~]# salt "*" cmd.run "cowsay welcome"
much:
_________
< welcome >
---------
^__^
(oo)_______
(__) )/
||----w |
|| ||
test-minion:
_________
< welcome >
---------
^__^
(oo)_______
(__) )/
||----w |
|| ||
test-master:
_________
< welcome >
---------
^__^
(oo)_______
(__) )/
||----w |
|| ||
[root@h209 ~]#获取文档
可以通过 sys.doc 来获取模块方法信息
