说明
本文描述问题及解决方法同样适用于 腾讯云 Elasticsearch Service（ES）。
另外使用到：腾讯云 云服务器（Cloud Virtual Machine，CVM）
本文延续前两篇踩坑的文章：
Elasticsearch压测工具esrally部署之踩坑实录（上）
Elasticsearch压测工具esrally部署之踩坑实录（下）
本文另有延续：
Elasticsearch压力测试 - 云 社区 - 腾讯云 (tencent.com)
环境配置
注：这套环境配置为本文验证通过的环境配置及版本，避免踩坑请尽量按照环境配置里提到的配置及版本
Esrally客户端环境
- 版本
Linux环境：Centos 7.9
Python：3.8.7
Pip：pip 20.2.3 from pip (python 3.8)
Java：openjdk version 1.8.0_302 (build 1.8.0_302-b08)
Git：2.7.5
Esrally：2.3.0
- 配置
内存：32G
硬盘：SSD云硬盘 100GB
CPU个数：1
CPU核心数：16
背景
在大数据时代的今天，业务量越来越大，每天动辄都会产生上百GB、上TB的数据，所以拥有一个性能强劲的Elasticsearch集群就显得尤为重要。我们需要模拟大量网络日志、用户行为日志的读写动作，衡量各性能的指标，找出集群瓶颈所在，以确认我们需要怎样的硬件配置以及业务优化，才能满足现有的业务量，这就是我们在业务上线前所必要做的。
在前两篇的部署文档中，我们遇到了多个难解决的问题，并且一一解决了。所以这里，我们将所有坑都避开，出一个完整版避坑指南。
部署
一：安装Python3
1. 安装依赖
- 安装bzip2开发包
这里必须要安装，否则在执行esrally的时候会提示缺少_bz2。
代码语言：javascript复制[root@VM-10-15-centos ~]# yum -y install bzip2-devel
Running transaction
Installing : bzip2-devel-1.0.6-13.el7.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : bzip2-devel-1.0.6-13.el7.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
bzip2-devel.x86_64 0:1.0.6-13.el7
Complete!- 安装openssl开发包
这也是必装项，否则在执行esrally的时候会提示缺少_ssl。
代码语言：javascript复制[root@VM-10-15-centos ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel
Installed:
openssl-devel.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-22.el7_9
Dependency Installed:
keyutils-libs-devel.x86_64 0:1.5.8-3.el7 krb5-devel.x86_64 0:1.15.1-50.el7 libcom_err-devel.x86_64 0:1.42.9-19.el7 libkadm5.x86_64 0:1.15.1-50.el7 libselinux-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-15.el7 libsepol-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-10.el7 libverto-devel.x86_64 0:0.2.5-4.el7
pcre-devel.x86_64 0:8.32-17.el7
Dependency Updated:
openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-22.el7_9 openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-22.el7_9
Complete!2. 下载python3.6.7源码并解压
代码语言：javascript复制[root@VM-10-15-centos dy]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.7/Python-3.8.7.tgz
Saving to: ‘Python-3.8.7.tgz’
100%[====================================================================================================================================================================================================================================>] 24,468,684 4.74MB/s in 19s
2021-10-21 12:44:45 (1.20 MB/s) - ‘Python-3.8.7.tgz’ saved [24468684/24468684]
[root@VM-10-15-centos dy]# tar -zxf Python-3.8.7.tgz3. 编译并安装
代码语言：javascript复制[root@VM-10-15-centos dy]# cd Python-3.8.7/
[root@VM-10-15-centos Python-3.8.7]# ./configure prefix=/usr/local/python3
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating Makefile.pre
config.status: creating Misc/python.pc
config.status: creating Misc/python-embed.pc
config.status: creating Misc/python-config.sh
config.status: creating Modules/ld_so_aix
config.status: creating pyconfig.h
creating Modules/Setup.local
creating Makefile
If you want a release build with all stable optimizations active (PGO, etc),
please run ./configure --enable-optimizations
[root@VM-10-15-centos Python-3.8.7]# make && make install
Looking in links: /tmp/tmp6t_hcj5i
Processing /tmp/tmp6t_hcj5i/setuptools-49.2.1-py3-none-any.whl
Processing /tmp/tmp6t_hcj5i/pip-20.2.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: setuptools, pip
Successfully installed pip-20.2.3 setuptools-49.2.14. 配置python3环境变量
代码语言：javascript复制[root@VM-10-15-centos Python-3.8.7]# echo 'export PYTHON3_HOME=/usr/local/python3' >> /etc/profile
[root@VM-10-15-centos Python-3.8.7]# echo 'export PATH=$PATH:$PYTHON3_HOME/bin' >> /etc/profile
[root@VM-10-15-centos Python-3.8.7]# tail -2 /etc/profile
export PYTHON3_HOME=/usr/local/python3
export PATH=$PATH:$PYTHON3_HOME/bin
[root@VM-10-15-centos Python-3.8.7]# source /etc/profile5. 验证
代码语言：javascript复制[root@VM-10-15-centos Python-3.8.7]# python3 -V
Python 3.8.7
[root@VM-10-15-centos Python-3.8.7]# pip3 -V
pip 20.2.3 from /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip (python 3.8)二：安装JDK
1. 安装java
代码语言：javascript复制[root@VM-10-15-centos ~]# yum -y install java-1.8.0
Installed:
java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 1:1.8.0.302.b08-0.el7_9
Complete!2. 配置java环境变量
代码语言：javascript复制[root@VM-10-15-centos esrally]# which java
/usr/bin/java
[root@VM-10-15-centos esrally]# ll /usr/bin/java
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Oct 19 18:20 /usr/bin/java -> /etc/alternatives/java
[root@VM-10-15-centos esrally]# ll /etc/alternatives/java
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 73 Oct 19 18:20 /etc/alternatives/java -> /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.302.b08-0.el7_9.x86_64/jre/bin/java最终定位到java命令位于/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.302.b08-0.el7_9.x86_64/jre，所以将这个目录配置为JAVA_HOME
代码语言：javascript复制[root@VM-10-15-centos esrally]# echo 'export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.302.b08-0.el7_9.x86_64/jre' >> /etc/profile
[root@VM-10-15-centos esrally]# tail -1 /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.302.b08-0.el7_9.x86_64/jre
[root@VM-10-15-centos esrally]# source /etc/profile
[root@VM-10-15-centos esrally]# echo $JAVA_HOME
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.302.b08-0.el7_9.x86_64/jreJAVA_HOME的配置是必要的，我们在使用esrally时会用到它。
三：安装Git
1. 安装编译依赖
这里我们需要通过编译的方式安装git，首先安装编译依赖：
代码语言：javascript复制[root@VM-10-15-centos ~]# yum -y install curl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel gcc perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker
Installed:
expat-devel.x86_64 0:2.1.0-12.el7 gettext-devel.x86_64 0:0.19.8.1-3.el7 perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker.noarch 0:6.68-3.el7
Dependency Installed:
gdbm-devel.x86_64 0:1.10-8.el7 gettext-common-devel.noarch 0:0.19.8.1-3.el7 git.x86_64 0:1.8.3.1-23.el7_8 libdb-devel.x86_64 0:5.3.21-25.el7 perl-ExtUtils-Install.noarch 0:1.58-299.el7_9 perl-ExtUtils-Manifest.noarch 0:1.61-244.el7
perl-ExtUtils-ParseXS.noarch 1:3.18-3.el7 perl-Git.noarch 0:1.8.3.1-23.el7_8 perl-Test-Harness.noarch 0:3.28-3.el7 perl-devel.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 pyparsing.noarch 0:1.5.6-9.el7 systemtap-sdt-devel.x86_64 0:4.0-13.el7
Complete!2. 下载git源码
这里的--no-check-certificate参数一定要加上，否则在下载的时候会报Issued certificate has expired
[root@VM-10-15-centos ~]# wget https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-2.7.5.tar.gz --no-check-certificate
Saving to: ‘git-2.7.5.tar.gz’
100%[====================================================================================================================================================================================================================================>] 5,724,154 424KB/s in 79s
2021-10-19 18:58:08 (71.2 KB/s) - ‘git-2.7.5.tar.gz’ saved [5724154/5724154]3. 解压并编译安装
代码语言：javascript复制[root@VM-10-15-centos ~]# tar -zxvf git-2.7.5.tar.gz
[root@VM-10-15-centos ~]# cd git-2.7.5/
[root@VM-10-15-centos git-2.7.5]# make prefix=/usr/local/git all
[root@VM-10-15-centos git-2.7.5]# make prefix=/usr/local/git install4. 卸载旧版git
卸载安装Git编译依赖时自动安装的低版本Git
代码语言：javascript复制[root@VM-10-15-centos git-2.7.5]# rpm -qa | grep -w git
git-1.8.3.1-23.el7_8.x86_64
[root@VM-10-15-centos git-2.7.5]# rpm -e git-1.8.3.1-23.el7_8.x86_64 --nodeps4. 配置git环境变量：
代码语言：javascript复制[root@VM-10-15-centos git-2.7.5]# echo 'export GIT2_HOME=/usr/local/git' >> /etc/profile
[root@VM-10-15-centos git-2.7.5]# echo 'export PATH=$PATH:$GIT2_HOME/bin' >> /etc/profile
[root@VM-10-15-centos git-2.7.5]# tail -2 /etc/profile
export GIT2_HOME=/usr/local/git
export PATH=$PATH:$GIT2_HOME/bin
[root@VM-10-15-centos git-2.7.5]# source /etc/profile
[root@VM-10-15-centos git-2.7.5]# git --version
git version 2.7.5四：安装Esrally
1. 获取安装包
通过esrally在GitHub上的官方项目中来获取新版安装包：
代码语言：javascript复制https://github.com/elastic/rally/releases/
截图来自 —— Esrally官方GitHub项目
2. 解压并安装
将安装包传至服务器上并解压：
代码语言：javascript复制[root@VM-10-15-centos dy]# ll
total 5860
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5999548 Oct 21 12:32 esrally-dist-linux-2.3.0.tar.gz
[root@VM-10-15-centos dy]# tar -zxf esrally-dist-linux-2.3.0.tar.gz
[root@VM-10-15-centos dy]# ll
total 5864
drwxrwxr-x 3 1001 1002 4096 Oct 6 15:18 esrally-dist-2.3.0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5999548 Oct 21 12:32 esrally-dist-linux-2.3.0.tar.gz执行安装：
代码语言：javascript复制[root@VM-10-15-centos dy]# cd esrally-dist-2.3.0/
[root@VM-10-15-centos esrally-dist-2.3.0]# ll
total 8
drwxrwxr-x 2 1001 1002 4096 Oct 6 15:18 bin
-rwxrw-r-- 1 1001 1002 1193 Oct 6 15:18 install.sh
[root@VM-10-15-centos esrally-dist-2.3.0]# bash install.sh
Installing Rally 2.3.0...
Looking in links: file:///home/dy/esrally-dist-2.3.0/bin
Processing ./bin/esrally-2.3.0-py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/yappi-1.2.3.tar.gz
Processing ./bin/psutil-5.8.0-cp38-cp38-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl
Processing ./bin/certifi-2021.5.30-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/ijson-2.6.1.tar.gz
Processing ./bin/elasticsearch-7.14.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/jsonschema-3.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/Jinja2-2.11.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/tabulate-0.8.7-py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/py-cpuinfo-7.0.0.tar.gz
Processing ./bin/thespian-3.10.1.zip
Processing ./bin/google_resumable_media-1.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/google_auth-1.22.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/urllib3-1.26.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/aiohttp-3.7.4.post0-cp38-cp38-manylinux2014_x86_64.whl
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.8/site-packages (from jsonschema==3.1.1->esrally==2.3.0) (49.2.1)
Processing ./bin/importlib_metadata-4.8.1-py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/pyrsistent-0.18.0-cp38-cp38-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Processing ./bin/six-1.16.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/attrs-21.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.tar.gz
Processing ./bin/google_crc32c-1.3.0-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_12_x86_64.manylinux2010_x86_64.whl
Processing ./bin/requests-2.26.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/rsa-4.7.2-py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/pyasn1_modules-0.2.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/cachetools-4.2.4-py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/async_timeout-3.0.1-py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/multidict-5.2.0-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.manylinux_2_12_x86_64.manylinux2010_x86_64.whl
Processing ./bin/chardet-4.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2-py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/yarl-1.6.3-cp38-cp38-manylinux2014_x86_64.whl
Processing ./bin/zipp-3.6.0-py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/charset_normalizer-2.0.6-py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/idna-3.2-py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./bin/pyasn1-0.4.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for yappi, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for ijson, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for py-cpuinfo, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for thespian, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for MarkupSafe, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Installing collected packages: yappi, psutil, certifi, ijson, urllib3, async-timeout, multidict, attrs, chardet, typing-extensions, idna, yarl, aiohttp, elasticsearch, zipp, importlib-metadata, pyrsistent, six, jsonschema, MarkupSafe, Jinja2, tabulate, py-cpuinfo, thespian, google-crc32c, charset-normalizer, requests, google-resumable-media, pyasn1, rsa, pyasn1-modules, cachetools, google-auth, esrally
Running setup.py install for yappi ... done
Running setup.py install for ijson ... done
Running setup.py install for MarkupSafe ... done
Running setup.py install for py-cpuinfo ... done
Running setup.py install for thespian ... done
Successfully installed Jinja2-2.11.3 MarkupSafe-2.0.1 aiohttp-3.7.4.post0 async-timeout-3.0.1 attrs-21.2.0 cachetools-4.2.4 certifi-2021.5.30 chardet-4.0.0 charset-normalizer-2.0.6 elasticsearch-7.14.0 esrally-2.3.0 google-auth-1.22.1 google-crc32c-1.3.0 google-resumable-media-1.1.0 idna-3.2 ijson-2.6.1 importlib-metadata-4.8.1 jsonschema-3.1.1 multidict-5.2.0 psutil-5.8.0 py-cpuinfo-7.0.0 pyasn1-0.4.8 pyasn1-modules-0.2.8 pyrsistent-0.18.0 requests-2.26.0 rsa-4.7.2 six-1.16.0 tabulate-0.8.7 thespian-3.10.1 typing-extensions-3.10.0.2 urllib3-1.26.7 yappi-1.2.3 yarl-1.6.3 zipp-3.6.0
[root@VM-10-15-centos esrally-dist-2.3.0]# esrally --version
esrally 2.3.0可以看到，esrally已经安装好了，版本为2.3.0。
小结
至此，esrally的安装就结束了。后续会继续使用这个esrally客户端，对当前Elasticsearch市面上几大主流的配置机型进行实际压测，届时会继续分享给大家。
