通用数组类模板案例封装
arr.hpp
代码语言：javascript复制#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//通用的数组模板类
template<class T>
class myarray
{
private:
//数组指针，指向自定义T类型的数组首地址
T* arr;
//数组容量
int capicity;
//数组元素个数
int size;
public:
//构造函数初始化
myarray(int cap)
{
//cout << "1";
this->capicity = cap;
arr = new T[capicity];
size = 0;
}
//深拷贝构造，防止浅拷贝
myarray(const myarray& a)
{
//cout << "2";
//浅拷贝会带来堆区内存重复释放
//arr = a.arr;
this->capicity = a.capicity;
this->size = a.size;
this->arr = new T[a.capicity];
for (int i =0 ;i <a.size; i )
{
this->arr[i] = a.arr[i];
}
}
//赋值运算符重载,防止浅拷贝 a=b=c链式编程
myarray& operator=(const myarray& a)
{
//cout << "3";
if (arr != NULL)
{
delete[] arr;
arr = NULL;
capicity = 0;
size = 0;
}
//非自赋值
if (this != &a)
{
capicity = a.capicity;
size = a.size;
arr = new T[a.capicity];
for (int i = 0; i < a.size; i )
{
arr[i] = a.arr[i];
}
}
return *this;
}
//尾插法
void push_back(const T& val)
{
//判断容量是否等于大小
if (capicity == size)
{
cout << "数组容量已满" << endl;
return;
}
this->arr[size] = val;
size ;
}
//尾删法
void end_del()
{
//让用户无法访问最后一个元素即为尾删
if (size == 0)
return;
size--;
}
//通过下标访问数组中元素---[]运算符重载
T& operator[](int index)
{
return this->arr[index];
}
//返回数组的容量
int getCap()
{
return capicity;
}
//返回数组大小
int getSize()
{
return size;
}
~myarray()
{
if (arr != NULL)
{
//cout << "4";
delete[] arr; //释放动态堆区开辟的数组
arr = NULL;
}
}
};main.cpp
代码语言：javascript复制#include<iostream>
#include"arr.hpp"
using namespace std;
//打印输出
void print(myarray<int>& a)
{
for(int i=0;i<a.getSize();i )
cout << a[i]<<" "; //[]运算符重载
cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
//尾插法测试
myarray<int> a(10);
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i )
{
a.push_back(i);
}
print(a);
cout << "数组容量：" << a.getCap() << endl;
cout << "数组大小：" << a.getSize() << endl;
//尾删法测试
a.end_del();
print(a);
cout << "数组容量：" << a.getCap() << endl;
cout << "数组大小：" << a.getSize() << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
自定义数据类型测试：
代码语言：javascript复制#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include"arr.hpp"
using namespace std;
class person
{
private:
string name;
int age;
public:
//arr.hpp中new在堆区开辟person类型数据时,会自动调用person的无参构造函数
//如果写了perosn的有参构造，那么有参构造会覆盖默认的无参构造，需要自己再写一遍无参构造，否则会报错
person(){}
person(string name, int age):name(name),age(age){}
string getName()
{
return name;
}
int getAge()
{
return age;
}
};
//打印输出(类模板对象做函数参数)
void printPerson(myarray<person>& p)
{
for (int i = 0; i < p.getSize(); i )
{
cout << "年龄为： " << p[i].getAge() << " " << "姓名： " << p[i].getName() << endl;
}
}
int main()
{
myarray<person> p(4);
//自定义数据类型测试
person p1("大忽悠", 19);
person p2("小忽悠", 18);
person p3("大朋友", 18);
person p4("小朋友", 18);
//尾插法
p.push_back(p1);
p.push_back(p2);
p.push_back(p3);
p.push_back(p4);
//打印
printPerson(p);
//数组容量
cout << "数组容量：" << p.getCap() << endl;
//数组大小
cout << "数组大小：" << p.getSize() << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
