上次我们在Android Studio中新建了项目，集成了实现直播推流所需要的工具，分别是：
- rtmpdump：推流
- x264：视频编码
- faac：音频编码
文章地址：NDK--Android Studio中直播推流框架的搭建
直播推流还需要流媒体服务器支持，我这边使用的是虚拟机，有条件的也可以使用真正的服务器，具体的流媒体服务器搭建方法可以参考我以前的文章：Nginx流媒体服务器搭建
基本工作完成后，今天我们来实现直播推流。
1.首先界面非常简单，布局文件如下：
代码语言：javascript复制<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="startPush"
android:text="开始推流" />
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="stopPush"
android:text="停止推流" />
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="swtichCamera"
android:text="切换摄像头" />
</LinearLayout>
<SurfaceView
android:id="@ id/sv_preview"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" />
</LinearLayout>一个按钮开始推流，一个按钮停止推流，一个按钮切换前后置摄像头，一个SurfaceView显示摄像头画面
2.定义好native方法，用于获取Java的摄像头视频和录音音频数据，以及音视频参数
代码语言：javascript复制public class NativePush {
private static final String TAG = NativePush.class.getSimpleName();
static {
System.loadLibrary("native-lib");
}
private LiveStateChangeListener mListener;
public void setLiveStateChangeListener(LiveStateChangeListener listener) {
mListener = listener;
}
/**
* native层回调
*
* @param code -96:音频编码器设置失败
* -97:音频编码器打开失败
* -98:打开视频编码器失败
* -99:建立rtmp连接失败
* -100:rtmp断开
*/
public void onPostNativeError(int code) {
Log.e(TAG, "onPostNativeError:" code);
//停止推流
stopPush();
Log.d("NativePush", code "");
if (null != mListener) {
mListener.onErrorPusher(code);
}
}
/**
* native层回调
* 推流连接建立和线程退出
*
* @param state
*/
public void onPostNativeState(int state) {
if (state == 100) {
mListener.onStartPusher();
} else if (state == 101) {
mListener.onStopPusher();
}
}
//设置视频参数
public native void setVideoParams(int width, int height, int bitrate, int fps);
//设置音频参数
public native void setAudioParams(int sample, int channel);
//推视频帧
public native void pushVideo(byte[] buffer);
//推音频帧
public native void pushAudio(byte[] buffer, int size);
//开始推流线程
public native void startPush(String url);
//停止推流
public native void stopPush();
//获取音频缓冲区大小
public native int getInputSamples();
}3.定义视频和音频的参数类，方便后期统一管理
代码语言：javascript复制package com.aruba.rtmppushapplication.push.params;
/**
* 视频参数
* Created by aruba on 2021/1/12.
*/
public class VideoParams {
//帧数
private int fps;
private int videoWidth;
private int videoHeight;
//码率
private int bitrate;
private int cameraId;
private VideoParams(int videoWidth, int videoHeight, int cameraId) {
this.videoWidth = videoWidth;
this.videoHeight = videoHeight;
this.cameraId = cameraId;
}
public int getFps() {
return fps;
}
public void setFps(int fps) {
this.fps = fps;
}
public int getVideoWidth() {
return videoWidth;
}
public void setVideoWidth(int videoWidth) {
this.videoWidth = videoWidth;
}
public int getVideoHeight() {
return videoHeight;
}
public void setVideoHeight(int videoHeight) {
this.videoHeight = videoHeight;
}
public int getBitrate() {
return bitrate;
}
public void setBitrate(int bitrate) {
this.bitrate = bitrate;
}
public int getCameraId() {
return cameraId;
}
public void setCameraId(int cameraId) {
this.cameraId = cameraId;
}
public static class Builder {
private int fps = 25;
private int videoWidth = -1;
private int videoHeight = -1;
private int bitrate = 480000;
private int cameraId = -1;
public Builder fps(int fps) {
this.fps = fps;
return this;
}
public Builder videoSize(int videoWidth, int videoHeight) {
this.videoHeight = videoHeight;
this.videoWidth = videoWidth;
return this;
}
public Builder bitrate(int bitrate) {
this.bitrate = bitrate;
return this;
}
public Builder cameraId(int cameraId) {
this.cameraId = cameraId;
return this;
}
public VideoParams build() {
if (videoWidth == -1 || videoHeight == -1 || cameraId == -1) {
throw new RuntimeException("videoWidth,videoHeight,cameraId must be config");
}
VideoParams videoParams = new VideoParams(videoWidth, videoHeight, cameraId);
videoParams.setBitrate(bitrate);
videoParams.setFps(fps);
return videoParams;
}
}
}视频需要的参数为视频宽高、fps、比特率、摄像头id（前置还是后置）
代码语言：javascript复制package com.aruba.rtmppushapplication.push.params;
/**
* 音频参数
* Created by aruba on 2021/1/12.
*/
public class AudioParams {
//采样率
private int sampleRate;
//声道数
private int channel;
private AudioParams() {
}
public int getSampleRate() {
return sampleRate;
}
public void setSampleRate(int sampleRate) {
this.sampleRate = sampleRate;
}
public int getChannel() {
return channel;
}
public void setChannel(int channel) {
this.channel = channel;
}
public static class Builder {
//采样率
private int sampleRate = 44100;
//声道数
private int channel = 1;
public Builder sampleRate(int sampleRate) {
this.sampleRate = sampleRate;
return this;
}
public Builder channel(int channel) {
this.channel = channel;
return this;
}
public AudioParams build(){
AudioParams audioParams = new AudioParams();
audioParams.setSampleRate(sampleRate);
audioParams.setChannel(channel);
return audioParams;
}
}
}音频的参数为采样率和声道数，采样位数我们统一使用16bit
4.定义统一接口，用于音视频推流实现
代码语言：javascript复制package com.aruba.rtmppushapplication.push;
/**
* Created by aruba on 2020/12/30.
*/
public interface IPush {
/**
* 初始化
*/
void init();
/**
* 开始推流
*/
int startPush();
/**
* 停止推流
*/
void stopPush();
}5.定义统一管理类，用于管理音视频推流
代码语言：javascript复制package com.aruba.rtmppushapplication.push;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import com.aruba.rtmppushapplication.push.natives.LiveStateChangeListener;
import com.aruba.rtmppushapplication.push.natives.NativePush;
import com.aruba.rtmppushapplication.push.params.AudioParams;
import com.aruba.rtmppushapplication.push.params.VideoParams;
import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
/**
* 直播推流工具类
* Created by aruba on 2021/1/12.
*/
public class PushHelper {
//显示摄像头画面的surface
private SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder;
//音频推流
private AudioPush audioPush;
//视频推流
private VideoPush videoPush;
private WeakReference<Activity> activity;
//native层对象
private NativePush nativePush;
public PushHelper(Activity activity, SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder) {
this.activity = new WeakReference<>(activity);
this.surfaceHolder = surfaceHolder;
init();
}
/**
* 初始化
*/
private void init() {
nativePush = new NativePush();
//设置回调
nativePush.setLiveStateChangeListener(new LiveStateChangeListener() {
@Override
public void onErrorPusher(int code) {
videoPush.stopPush();
audioPush.stopPush();
}
@Override
public void onStartPusher() {
//等待rtmp连接开启后，再开始推视频和音频
videoPush.startPush();
audioPush.startPush();
}
@Override
public void onStopPusher() {
videoPush.stopPush();
audioPush.stopPush();
}
});
//初始化视频参数
VideoParams videoParams = new VideoParams.Builder()
.videoSize(1920, 1080)
.bitrate(960000)
.cameraId(Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_BACK)
.build();
videoPush = new VideoPush(activity.get(), videoParams, surfaceHolder);
videoPush.setNativePush(nativePush);
//初始化音频参数
AudioParams audioParams = new AudioParams.Builder()
.channel(1)
.sampleRate(44100)
.build();
audioPush = new AudioPush(audioParams);
audioPush.setNativePush(nativePush);
videoPush.init();
audioPush.init();
}
/**
* 开始推流
*
* @param url 服务器地址
*/
public void startPush(String url) {
nativePush.startPush(url);
}
/**
* 停止推流
*/
public void stopPush() {
nativePush.stopPush();
}
/**
* 切换摄像头
*/
public void swtichCamera() {
if (videoPush != null)
videoPush.swtichCamera();
}
}到目前为止，基本框架已经构建好，接下来来分别获取摄像头数据和麦克风数据，并将数据传入native层
1.摄像头数据获取，并传入native层
代码语言：javascript复制package com.aruba.rtmppushapplication.push;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.ImageFormat;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Surface;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import com.aruba.rtmppushapplication.push.natives.NativePush;
import com.aruba.rtmppushapplication.push.params.VideoParams;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 对应视频推流的native层
* Created by aruba on 2021/1/12.
*/
public class VideoPush implements IPush, Camera.PreviewCallback {
private final static String TAG = VideoPush.class.getSimpleName();
private VideoParams videoParams;
//摄像头
private Camera camera;
//显示摄像头数据
private SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder;
//摄像头画面数据缓冲区
private byte[] buffers;
private boolean isSurfaceCreate;
private NativePush nativePush;
private WeakReference<Activity> mActivity;
private int screen;
private byte[] raw;
private final static int SCREEN_PORTRAIT = 0;
private final static int SCREEN_LANDSCAPE_LEFT = 90;
private final static int SCREEN_LANDSCAPE_RIGHT = 270;
private boolean isPushing;
public VideoPush(Activity activity, VideoParams videoParams, SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder) {
this.mActivity = new WeakReference<>(activity);
this.videoParams = videoParams;
this.surfaceHolder = surfaceHolder;
}
@Override
public void init() {
if (videoParams == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("videoParams is null");
}
surfaceHolder.addCallback(new SurfaceHolder.Callback() {
@Override
public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder) {
isSurfaceCreate = true;
resetPreview(surfaceHolder);
}
@Override
public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder, int i, int i1, int i2) {
// stopPreview();
// startPreview();
}
@Override
public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder) {
isSurfaceCreate = false;
}
});
}
/**
* 开始预览
*/
private synchronized void startPreview() {
try {
camera = Camera.open(videoParams.getCameraId());
Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();
parameters.setPreviewFormat(ImageFormat.NV21);//yuv
setPreviewSize(parameters);
setPreviewOrientation(parameters);
// parameters.setPreviewSize(videoParams.getVideoWidth(), videoParams.getVideoHeight());
camera.setParameters(parameters);
if (isSurfaceCreate)
camera.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder);
//创建缓冲区 长 * 宽 * 一像素所占用字节
int bytePerPixel = ImageFormat.getBitsPerPixel(ImageFormat.NV21);
buffers = new byte[videoParams.getVideoWidth() * videoParams.getVideoHeight()
* bytePerPixel];
raw = new byte[videoParams.getVideoWidth() * videoParams.getVideoHeight()
* bytePerPixel];
camera.addCallbackBuffer(buffers);
camera.setPreviewCallbackWithBuffer(this);
camera.startPreview();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void onPreviewFrame(byte[] bytes, Camera camera) {
if (isPushing) {
switch (screen) {//根据屏幕位置，旋转像素数据
case SCREEN_PORTRAIT://竖屏
portraitData2Raw(buffers);
break;
case SCREEN_LANDSCAPE_LEFT:
raw = buffers;
break;
case SCREEN_LANDSCAPE_RIGHT:// 横屏 头部在右边
landscapeData2Raw(buffers);
break;
}
if (camera != null) {
//每次必须再调用该方法，不然onPreviewFrame只会回调一次 注：bytes就是buffers
camera.addCallbackBuffer(bytes);
}
nativePush.pushVideo(raw);
} else {
stopPreview();
}
// Log.i(TAG, "获取到了视频数据");
}
private synchronized void resetPreview(SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder) {
if (camera != null) {
try {
camera.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
private synchronized void stopPreview() {
if (camera != null) {
camera.stopPreview();
camera.release();
camera = null;
}
}
@Override
public int startPush() {
synchronized (TAG) {
if (isPushing) {
return -1;
}
isPushing = true;
}
startPreview();
return 0;
}
@Override
public void stopPush() {
synchronized (TAG) {
isPushing = false;
}
}
public void swtichCamera() {
if (videoParams.getCameraId() == Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_BACK) {
videoParams.setCameraId(Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT);
} else {
videoParams.setCameraId(Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_BACK);
}
stopPreview();
startPreview();
}
public void setVideoParams(VideoParams videoParams) {
this.videoParams = videoParams;
}
public VideoParams getVideoParams() {
return videoParams;
}
public void setNativePush(NativePush nativePush) {
this.nativePush = nativePush;
}
/**
* 获取摄像头支持的分辨率，并设置最佳分辨率
*
* @param parameters
*/
private void setPreviewSize(Camera.Parameters parameters) {
List<Integer> supportedPreviewFormats = parameters.getSupportedPreviewFormats();
for (Integer integer : supportedPreviewFormats) {
System.out.println("支持:" integer);
}
List<Camera.Size> supportedPreviewSizes = parameters.getSupportedPreviewSizes();
Camera.Size size = supportedPreviewSizes.get(0);
Log.d(TAG, "支持 " size.width "x" size.height);
int m = Math.abs(size.height * size.width - videoParams.getVideoHeight() * videoParams.getVideoWidth());
supportedPreviewSizes.remove(0);
Iterator<Camera.Size> iterator = supportedPreviewSizes.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
Camera.Size next = iterator.next();
Log.d(TAG, "支持 " next.width "x" next.height);
int n = Math.abs(next.height * next.width - videoParams.getVideoHeight() * videoParams.getVideoWidth());
if (n < m) {
m = n;
size = next;
}
}
videoParams.setVideoHeight(size.height);
videoParams.setVideoWidth(size.width);
parameters.setPreviewSize(videoParams.getVideoWidth(), videoParams.getVideoHeight());
Log.d(TAG, "预览分辨率 width:" size.width " height:" size.height);
}
/**
* 获取屏幕方向
*
* @param parameters
*/
private void setPreviewOrientation(Camera.Parameters parameters) {
if (mActivity.get() == null) return;
Camera.CameraInfo info = new Camera.CameraInfo();
Camera.getCameraInfo(videoParams.getCameraId(), info);
int rotation = mActivity.get().getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getRotation();
screen = 0;
switch (rotation) {
case Surface.ROTATION_0:
screen = SCREEN_PORTRAIT;
nativePush.setVideoParams(videoParams.getVideoHeight(), videoParams.getVideoWidth(), videoParams.getBitrate(), videoParams.getFps());
break;
case Surface.ROTATION_90: // 横屏 左边是头部(home键在右边)
screen = SCREEN_LANDSCAPE_LEFT;
nativePush.setVideoParams(videoParams.getVideoWidth(), videoParams.getVideoHeight(), videoParams.getBitrate(), videoParams.getFps());
break;
case Surface.ROTATION_180:
screen = 180;
break;
case Surface.ROTATION_270:// 横屏 头部在右边
screen = SCREEN_LANDSCAPE_RIGHT;
nativePush.setVideoParams(videoParams.getVideoWidth(), videoParams.getVideoHeight(), videoParams.getBitrate(), videoParams.getFps());
break;
}
int result;
if (info.facing == Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT) {
result = (info.orientation screen) % 360;
result = (360 - result) % 360; // compensate the mirror
} else { // back-facing
result = (info.orientation - screen 360) % 360;
}
camera.setDisplayOrientation(result);
}
private void landscapeData2Raw(byte[] data) {
int width = videoParams.getVideoWidth();
int height = videoParams.getVideoHeight();
int y_len = width * height;
int k = 0;
// y数据倒叙插入raw中
for (int i = y_len - 1; i > -1; i--) {
raw[k] = data[i];
k ;
}
// v1 u1 v2 u2
// v3 u3 v4 u4
// 需要转换为:
// v4 u4 v3 u3
// v2 u2 v1 u1
int maxpos = data.length - 1;
int uv_len = y_len >> 2; // 4:1:1
for (int i = 0; i < uv_len; i ) {
int pos = i << 1;
raw[y_len i * 2] = data[maxpos - pos - 1];
raw[y_len i * 2 1] = data[maxpos - pos];
}
}
private void portraitData2Raw(byte[] data) {
// if (mContext.getResources().getConfiguration().orientation !=
// Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT) {
// raw = data;
// return;
// }
int width = videoParams.getVideoWidth(), height = videoParams.getVideoHeight();
int y_len = width * height;
int uvHeight = height >> 1; // uv数据高为y数据高的一半
int k = 0;
if (videoParams.getCameraId() == Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_BACK) {
for (int j = 0; j < width; j ) {
for (int i = height - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
raw[k ] = data[width * i j];
}
}
for (int j = 0; j < width; j = 2) {
for (int i = uvHeight - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
raw[k ] = data[y_len width * i j];
raw[k ] = data[y_len width * i j 1];
}
}
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < width; i ) {
int nPos = width - 1;
for (int j = 0; j < height; j ) {
raw[k] = data[nPos - i];
k ;
nPos = width;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < width; i = 2) {
int nPos = y_len width - 1;
for (int j = 0; j < uvHeight; j ) {
raw[k] = data[nPos - i - 1];
raw[k 1] = data[nPos - i];
k = 2;
nPos = width;
}
}
}
}
}当rtmp连接建立后，native层会回调方法：onPostNativeState，最终在PushHelper中调用VideoPush的startPush方法，该方法开启摄像头预览，将参数传给native层，并会不断调用onPreviewFrame方法将摄像头数据传递给native层。
需要注意的是：安卓手机摄像头的特殊性，需要我们根据屏幕方向来对摄像头数据进行旋转
2.音频数据获取，并传入native层
代码语言：javascript复制package com.aruba.rtmppushapplication.push;
import android.media.AudioFormat;
import android.media.AudioRecord;
import android.media.MediaRecorder;
import com.aruba.rtmppushapplication.push.natives.NativePush;
import com.aruba.rtmppushapplication.push.params.AudioParams;
/**
* 对应音频推流的native层
* Created by aruba on 2021/1/12.
*/
public class AudioPush implements IPush {
private final static String tag = AudioPush.class.getSimpleName();
private AudioParams audioParams;
//录音
private AudioRecord audioRecord;
private int bufferSize;
private RecordThread recordThread;
private NativePush nativePush;
public AudioPush(AudioParams audioParams) {
this.audioParams = audioParams;
}
@Override
public void init() {
if (audioParams == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("audioParams is null");
}
int channel = audioParams.getChannel() == 1 ?
AudioFormat.CHANNEL_IN_MONO : AudioFormat.CHANNEL_IN_STEREO;
//最小缓冲区大小
bufferSize = AudioRecord.getMinBufferSize(audioParams.getSampleRate(),
channel, AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT);
audioRecord = new AudioRecord(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC,//麦克风
audioParams.getSampleRate(),
channel,
AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT,
bufferSize
);
}
@Override
public int startPush() {
if (recordThread != null && recordThread.isPushing) {
return -1;
}
stopRecord();
recordThread = new RecordThread();
recordThread.start();
return 0;
}
@Override
public void stopPush() {
stopRecord();
}
private synchronized void stopRecord() {
if (recordThread != null) {
recordThread.isPushing = false;
}
}
public void setAudioParams(AudioParams audioParams) {
this.audioParams = audioParams;
}
public AudioParams getAudioParams() {
return audioParams;
}
public void setNativePush(NativePush nativePush) {
this.nativePush = nativePush;
}
class RecordThread extends Thread {
private boolean isPushing = true;
@Override
public void run() {
audioRecord.startRecording();
nativePush.setAudioParams(audioParams.getSampleRate(), audioRecord.getChannelCount());
while (isPushing) {
//采样数 * 2字节（16bit：一个采样占的比特数）
byte[] buffer = new byte[nativePush.getInputSamples() * 2];
int len = audioRecord.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
if (len > 0) {
//交由native层处理
// Log.i(tag, "获取到了音频数据");
nativePush.pushAudio(buffer, len);
}
}
audioRecord.stop();
}
}
}初始化AudioRecord后，需要开启一个线程，不断读取数据，并传入native层
注意：一次可以读取的数据大小需要通过faac编译器获取，并不能直接使用初始化AudioRecord时的bufferSize
Java层代码到此已经完成了，接下来是重头戏：native层代码编写。
1.在Java层我们第一步是调用native方法开启推流线程：
代码语言：javascript复制pthread_t *pid;
pthread_mutex_t mutex;
pthread_cond_t cond;
//开始推流的时间
uint32_t start_time;
//推流地址
char *path;
//回调java
JavaVM *jvm;
jobject jPublisherObj;
JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL JNI_OnLoad(JavaVM *vm, void *reserved) {
jvm = vm;
JNIEnv *env = NULL;
jint result = -1;
if (jvm) {
LOGD("jvm init success");
}
if (vm->GetEnv((void **) &env, JNI_VERSION_1_4) != JNI_OK) {
return result;
}
return JNI_VERSION_1_4;
}
/**
* 调用java方法
* @param env
* @param methodId
* @param code
*/
void throwNativeInfo(JNIEnv *env, jmethodID methodId, int code) {
if (env && methodId && jPublisherObj) {
env->CallVoidMethodA(jPublisherObj, methodId, (jvalue *) &code);
}
}
/**
* 开始推流线程
*/
extern "C"
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
Java_com_aruba_rtmppushapplication_push_natives_NativePush_startPush(JNIEnv *env, jobject instance,
jstring url_) {
if (isPublishing)//线程在运行
return;
if (!jPublisherObj) {
jPublisherObj = env->NewGlobalRef(instance);
}
LOGE("开始推流");
pthread_t id;
pthread_t *pid = &id;
const char *url = env->GetStringUTFChars(url_, 0);
//存放url路径
int url_len = strlen(url) 1;
path = (char *) (malloc(url_len));
memset(path, 0, url_len);
memcpy(path, url, url_len - 1);
pthread_cond_init(&cond, NULL);
pthread_mutex_init(&mutex, NULL);
start_time = RTMP_GetTime();
pthread_create(pid, NULL, startPush, NULL);
env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(url_, url);
}2.编写线程执行的代码，开启rtmp连接
代码语言：javascript复制bool isPublishing = false;
/**
* 推流线程
* @param arg
* @return
*/
void *startPush(void *arg) {
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
isPublishing = true;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
JNIEnv *env;
jvm->AttachCurrentThread(&env, 0);
jclass clazz = env->GetObjectClass(jPublisherObj);
jmethodID errorId = env->GetMethodID(clazz, "onPostNativeError", "(I)V");
jmethodID stateId = env->GetMethodID(clazz, "onPostNativeState", "(I)V");
//rtmp连接
RTMP *connect = RTMP_Alloc();
RTMP_Init(connect);
connect->Link.timeout = 5;//超时时间
RTMP_SetupURL(connect, path);//设置地址
RTMP_EnableWrite(connect);
if (!RTMP_Connect(connect, NULL)) {//建立socket
//建立失败
LOGE("建立rtmp连接失败");
//回调java层
throwNativeInfo(env, errorId, -99);
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
isPublishing = false;
RTMP_Close(connect);
RTMP_Free(connect);
free(path);
path = NULL;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
release(env);
jvm->DetachCurrentThread();
pthread_exit(0);
}
RTMP_ConnectStream(connect, 0);//连接流
LOGE("推流连接建立");
throwNativeInfo(env, stateId, 100);
while (isPublishing) {
RTMPPacket *packet = get();
if (packet == NULL) {
continue;
}
//推流
packet->m_nInfoField2 = connect->m_stream_id;
int ret = RTMP_SendPacket(connect, packet, 1);//1:使用rtmp本身的上传队列
if (!ret) {
LOGE("rtmp断开");
throwNativeInfo(env, errorId, -100);
}
RTMPPacket_Free(packet);
free(packet);
}
LOGE("结束推流");
//释放
RTMP_Close(connect);
RTMP_Free(connect);
free(path);
path = NULL;
throwNativeInfo(env, stateId, 101);
release(env);
jvm->DetachCurrentThread();
pthread_exit(0);
}3.编写生产者消费者模式，线程中使用生产者消费者模式进行线程同步，取出数据并推流，RTMPPacket就是封装好的编码过后的数据（音视频数据经过x264、faac编码压缩后，还需要封装成rtmp可识别的数据，实际上就是一个组包的过程，后面会详细介绍如何将x264、faac编码的数据封装成RTMPPacket）
代码语言：javascript复制//RTMPPacket队列
std::queue<RTMPPacket *> queue;
//生产者
void put(RTMPPacket *pPacket) {
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
if (isPublishing) {
queue.push(pPacket);
}
pthread_cond_signal(&cond);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
}
//消费者
RTMPPacket *get() {
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
if (queue.empty()) {
pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &mutex);
}
RTMPPacket *packet = NULL;
if (!queue.empty()) {
packet = queue.front();
queue.pop();
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
return packet;
}4.设置音视频参数，初始化缓冲区
代码语言：javascript复制//y u v 分别所占字节
int y_len, u_len, v_len;
//裸数据
x264_picture_t *pic;
//编码后的数据
x264_picture_t *pic_out;
//编码器
x264_t *encoder;
extern "C"
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
Java_com_aruba_rtmppushapplication_push_natives_NativePush_setVideoParams(JNIEnv *env,
jobject instance,
jint width, jint height,
jint bitrate, jint fps) {
if (pic != NULL) {
x264_picture_clean(pic);
free(pic);
free(pic_out);
pic = NULL;
pic_out = NULL;
}
y_len = width * height;
u_len = y_len / 4;
v_len = u_len;
//设置参数
x264_param_t param;
// zerolatency预设以下内容
// param->rc.i_lookahead = 0;
// param->i_sync_lookahead = 0;
// param->i_bframe = 0;
// param->b_sliced_threads = 1;
// param->b_vfr_input = 0;
// param->rc.b_mb_tree = 0;
x264_param_default_preset(¶m, x264_preset_names[0], "zerolatency");
//设置支持的分辨率,默认就是51
param.i_level_idc = 51;
//推流的格式
param.i_csp = X264_CSP_I420;
//视频宽高
param.i_width = width;
param.i_height = height;
param.i_threads = 1;
//1秒多少帧
param.i_timebase_num = fps;
param.i_timebase_den = 1;
param.i_fps_num = fps;
param.i_fps_den = 1;
//关键帧最大间隔时间的帧率
param.i_keyint_max = fps * 2;
//ABR:平均码率 CQP:恒定质量 CRF:恒定码率
param.rc.i_rc_method = X264_RC_ABR;
//码率
param.rc.i_bitrate = bitrate / 1000;
//最大码率
param.rc.i_vbv_max_bitrate = bitrate / 1000 * 1.2;
//缓冲区大小
param.rc.i_vbv_buffer_size = bitrate / 1000;
//0:别的客户端使用pts做同步 1:推流端计算timebase做同步
param.b_vfr_input = 0;
//使用sps pps
param.b_repeat_headers = 1;
//码流级别,baseline只提供i和p帧,降低延迟,提供很好的兼容性
x264_param_apply_profile(¶m, "baseline");
//获取解码器
encoder = x264_encoder_open(¶m);
if (!encoder) {
LOGE("打开视频编码器失败");
jmethodID errorId = env->GetMethodID(env->GetObjectClass(instance), "onPostNativeError",
"(I)V");
throwNativeInfo(env, errorId, -98);
return;
}
pic = (x264_picture_t *) (malloc(sizeof(x264_picture_t)));
//调用内置函数初始化pic,pic存放yuv420数据
x264_picture_alloc(pic, X264_CSP_I420, width, height);
pic_out = (x264_picture_t *) (malloc(sizeof(x264_picture_t)));
LOGE("视频编码器打开完成");
}//音频编码器
faacEncHandle handle;
//音频缓冲区
unsigned long inputSamples;
//缓冲区最大字节数
unsigned long maxOutputBytes;
extern "C"
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
Java_com_aruba_rtmppushapplication_push_natives_NativePush_setAudioParams(JNIEnv *env,
jobject instance,
jint sample,
jint channel) {
handle = faacEncOpen(sample, channel, &inputSamples, &maxOutputBytes);
if (!handle) {
LOGE("音频编码器打开失败");
jmethodID errorId = env->GetMethodID(env->GetObjectClass(instance), "onPostNativeError",
"(I)V");
throwNativeInfo(env, errorId, -97);
return;
}
//配置
faacEncConfigurationPtr config = faacEncGetCurrentConfiguration(handle);
config->mpegVersion = MPEG4;
config->allowMidside = 1;//中等压缩
config->aacObjectType = LOW;//音质
config->outputFormat = 0;//输出格式
config->useTns = 1;//消除爆破声
config->useLfe = 0;
config->inputFormat = FAAC_INPUT_16BIT;
config->quantqual = 100;
config->bandWidth = 0; //频宽
config->shortctl = SHORTCTL_NORMAL;//编码方式
int ret = faacEncSetConfiguration(handle, config);
if (!ret) {
LOGE("音频编码器设置失败");
jmethodID errorId = env->GetMethodID(env->GetObjectClass(instance), "onPostNativeError",
"(I)V");
throwNativeInfo(env, errorId, -96);
return;
}
LOGE("音频编码器设置成功");
}视频编码器和音频编码器的设置看看注释就行了，毕竟不是专业人员，这边不作过多描述，感兴趣的同学可以网上查下资料
5.编写编码代码，编码Java层传递的音视频裸数据
代码语言：javascript复制/**
* 编码视频
*/
extern "C"
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
Java_com_aruba_rtmppushapplication_push_natives_NativePush_pushVideo(JNIEnv *env, jobject instance,
jbyteArray buffer_) {
if (!isPublishing || !encoder || !pic) {
return;
}
jbyte *buffer = env->GetByteArrayElements(buffer_, NULL);
uint8_t *u = pic->img.plane[1];
uint8_t *v = pic->img.plane[2];
//将nv21转换为yuv420
for (int i = 0; i < u_len; i ) {
*(u i) = *(buffer y_len i * 2 1);
*(v i) = *(buffer y_len i * 2);
}
memcpy(pic->img.plane[0], buffer, y_len);
// pic->img.plane[0] = buffer;
//nalu
x264_nal_t *nal = 0;
//nalu数量
int pi_nal;
int ret = x264_encoder_encode(encoder, &nal, &pi_nal, pic, pic_out);
if (ret < 0) {
env->ReleaseByteArrayElements(buffer_, buffer, 0);
LOGE("编码失败");
return;
}
//解包，将获取的有效数据交由rtmp编码
unsigned char sps[100];
unsigned char pps[100];
int sps_len = 0;
int pps_len = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < pi_nal; i ) {
if (nal[i].i_type == NAL_SPS) {//序列参数集
//去除分隔符(占4个字节)
sps_len = nal[i].i_payload - 4;
//获取到有效数据
memcpy(sps, nal[i].p_payload 4, sps_len);
} else if (nal[i].i_type == NAL_PPS) {//图像参数集
pps_len = nal[i].i_payload - 4;
memcpy(pps, nal[i].p_payload 4, pps_len);
//sps和pps都获取到后，发送头信息
send_264_header(sps, pps, sps_len, pps_len);
} else {//发送关键帧和非关键帧
send_264_body(nal[i].p_payload, nal[i].i_payload);
}
}
env->ReleaseByteArrayElements(buffer_, buffer, 0);
}
/**
* 编码音频
*/
extern "C"
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
Java_com_aruba_rtmppushapplication_push_natives_NativePush_pushAudio(JNIEnv *env, jobject instance,
jbyteArray buffer_,
jint size) {
if (!isPublishing || !handle)
return;
jbyte *buffer = env->GetByteArrayElements(buffer_, NULL);
unsigned char *outputBuffer = (unsigned char *) (malloc(
sizeof(unsigned char) * maxOutputBytes));
//编码
int len = faacEncEncode(handle, (int32_t *) buffer, inputSamples, outputBuffer,
maxOutputBytes);
if (len > 0) {
// LOGE("rtmp音频推流");
send_aac_body(outputBuffer, len);
}
env->ReleaseByteArrayElements(buffer_, buffer, 0);
if (outputBuffer)
free(outputBuffer);
}比较难理解的是视频编码，之前介绍说h264主要是i帧，b帧，p帧，他们承载着像素数据，由于进行了压缩，可以这样理解：压缩后数据显然没有原数据的大小，所以原始数据的大小（画面的宽高），压缩比例等信息也要存储，他们就存储在sps和pps中，类似于http的headers，播放时也需要用到这些信息（毕竟解码时起码要知道画面的宽高吧），sps和pps的数据呢，又有4个字节作为分隔符，我们不需要这4个没用数据，所以要去掉它们
接下来就是将编码后的音视频数据进行组包，成为RTMPPacket
先来组包视频数据，我们组包时参考下面的文档
1.先是sps和pps，第一个字节为0x17，具体组包代码如下：
代码语言：javascript复制/**
* rtmp发送头信息
* @param sps
* @param pps
* @param len
* @param pps_len
*/
void send_264_header(unsigned char *sps, unsigned char *pps, int sps_len, int pps_len) {
int size = sps_len pps_len 16;//组包rtmp头信息需要额外16个字节
RTMPPacket *packet = static_cast<RTMPPacket *>(malloc(sizeof(RTMPPacket)));
//初始化内部缓冲区
RTMPPacket_Alloc(packet, size);
//组包
unsigned char *body = reinterpret_cast<unsigned char *>(packet->m_body);
int i = 0;
body[i ] = 0x17;
body[i ] = 0x00;
body[i ] = 0x00;
body[i ] = 0x00;
body[i ] = 0x00;
//版本号
body[i ] = 0x01;
//profile
body[i ] = sps[1];
//兼容性
body[i ] = sps[2];
//profile_level baseline
body[i ] = sps[3];
body[i ] = 0xff;
body[i ] = 0xe1;
//sps长度
body[i ] = (sps_len >> 8) & 0xff;
body[i ] = sps_len & 0xff;
//sps内容
memcpy(&body[i], sps, sps_len);
i = sps_len;//指针偏移长度
//pps
body[i ] = 0x01;
//pps长度
body[i ] = (pps_len >> 8) & 0xff;
body[i ] = pps_len & 0xff;
memcpy(&body[i], pps, pps_len);
//packet参数设置
packet->m_packetType = RTMP_PACKET_TYPE_VIDEO;//视频类型
packet->m_nBodySize = size;
//客户端通过pts自己做同步
packet->m_nTimeStamp = 0;
packet->m_hasAbsTimestamp = 0;
//指定通道
packet->m_nChannel = 4;
packet->m_headerType = RTMP_PACKET_SIZE_MEDIUM;
//放入队列
put(packet);
}2.然后是关键帧和非关键帧：
代码语言：javascript复制/**
* RTMP发送关键帧和非关键帧
* @param payload
* @param i_payload
*/
void send_264_body(uint8_t *payload, int i_payload) {
if (payload[2] == 0x00) {//第三位为0x00的情况，无用信息为前4位：0000 0001
payload = 4;
i_payload -= 4;
} else if (payload[2] == 0x01) {//第三位为0x01的情况，无用信息为前3位：0000 01
payload = 3;
i_payload -= 3;
}
//组包
int size = i_payload 9;//组包rtmp帧数据需要额外的9个字节
RTMPPacket *packet = static_cast<RTMPPacket *>(malloc(sizeof(RTMPPacket)));
//初始化内部缓冲区
RTMPPacket_Alloc(packet, size);
char *body = packet->m_body;
int type = payload[0] & 0x1f;
int index = 0;
if (type == NAL_SLICE_IDR) {//关键帧
body[index ] = 0x17;
} else {//非关键帧
body[index ] = 0x27;
}
body[index ] = 0x01;
body[index ] = 0x00;
body[index ] = 0x00;
body[index ] = 0x00;
//长度，占4个字节
body[index ] = (i_payload >> 24) & 0xff;
body[index ] = (i_payload >> 16) & 0xff;
body[index ] = (i_payload >> 8) & 0xff;
body[index ] = i_payload & 0xff;
//存放数据
memcpy(&body[index], payload, i_payload);
//packet参数设置
packet->m_packetType = RTMP_PACKET_TYPE_VIDEO;//视频类型
packet->m_nBodySize = size;
//客户端通过pts自己做同步
packet->m_nTimeStamp = RTMP_GetTime() - start_time;//为了让客户端知道播放进度
packet->m_hasAbsTimestamp = 0;
//指定通道
packet->m_nChannel = 0x04;
packet->m_headerType = RTMP_PACKET_SIZE_LARGE;
put(packet);
}最后组包音频数据，先看下音频数据的文档：
音频组包很简单，代码如下：
代码语言：javascript复制/**
* 组包音频packet
* @param buffer
* @param len
*/
void send_aac_body(unsigned char *buffer, int len) {
int size = len 2;
RTMPPacket *packet = static_cast<RTMPPacket *>(malloc(sizeof(RTMPPacket)));
//初始化内部缓冲区
RTMPPacket_Alloc(packet, size);
char *body = packet->m_body;
body[0] = 0xAF;
body[1] = 0x01;
memcpy(&body[2], buffer, len);
//packet参数设置
packet->m_packetType = RTMP_PACKET_TYPE_AUDIO;//音频类型
packet->m_nBodySize = size;
//客户端通过pts自己做同步
packet->m_nTimeStamp = RTMP_GetTime() - start_time;//为了让客户端知道播放进度
packet->m_hasAbsTimestamp = 0;
//指定通道
packet->m_nChannel = 0x04;
packet->m_headerType = RTMP_PACKET_SIZE_MEDIUM;
put(packet);
}终于，直播推流代码完成了，赶紧跑下看下效果吧
