ZABBIX全栈级监控实践
八）Zabbix的源码编译安装
《ZABBIX全栈级监控实践》系列将由浅入深探讨如何实现ZABBIX全栈级别的监控。
本文是《ZABBIX全栈级监控实践》的第八篇：主要讨论如何通过源文件对Zabbix进行源码编译安装。
作者介绍：蔡翔华（Shawn沙恩），高效运维社区金牌讲师，国内首批ZCP，Zabbix中文手册及EXIN DevOps手册官方译者。积极投入Zabbix社区建设，在多个技术大会上进行技术分享，有丰富的Zabbix开源监控平台的全栈式监控经验。拥有DevOps Master，Zabbix认证专家，ITIL，MCSE，RHCE，VCP等认证。
01
概述
Zabbix提供了多种安装方式，上一篇中，我们使用了Zabbix Appliance对Zabbix进行了快速上手尝试。Zabbix Appliance适合想一窥Zabbix的大致功能，对Zabbix有初步学习、了解的实验环境下使用。所有的配置（从数据库、到前端web）都进行了预配置（preconfigured），从而实现了即插即用的特性。最新的Appliance给予Ubuntu Linux和MySQL数据库实现，适合用于评估。
但Appliance不适合用于生产环境。对于生产环境，建议通过源码编译来安装Zabbix。源码编译包可在https://www.zabbix.com/download_sources中找到。
本文讨论源码编译的安装方式及编译过程中所需要注意的事项。
02
Zabbix源码编译安装
Zabbix源码编译安装的详细步骤，在这里不赘述，可参考
https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/3.4/manual/installation/install。
基本的思路是：
配置源代码
如：
./configure --enable-server --enable-agent--with-mysql --enable-ipv6 --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --with-libxml2
这意味着将在当前的Host上安装Zabbix Server和Zabbix Agent，同时以mysql为后端数据库，启用ipv6，并启用net-snmp、curl和xml2库。
make install
配置完后，通过make install命令完成Zabbix相应组件（Agent、Server、Proxy等）和特性的安装。
03
遇到的问题
写到这里，似乎一切都很顺利，但会碰到一些问题。
在部署过程中，一方面由于监控需求的不断提升，可能原先只需要监控操作系统，但都后期需要通过JMX监控JAVA，通过IPMI监控带外设备。如果在编译的配置过程中没有指定对应的参数，则无法启用相应功能，需要重新进行配置并编译安装。
由于官方没有罗列configure有哪些配置参数，在此进行一个简单罗列。
1）安装目录调优
Fine tuning ofthe installation directories:
--bindir=DIR user executables [EPREFIX/bin]
--sbindir=DIR system admin executables[EPREFIX/sbin]
--libexecdir=DIR program executables [EPREFIX/libexec]
--sysconfdir=DIR read-only single-machine data[PREFIX/etc]
--sharedstatedir=DIR modifiable architecture-independent data[PREFIX/com]
--localstatedir=DIR modifiable single-machine data[PREFIX/var]
--runstatedir=DIR modifiable per-process data[LOCALSTATEDIR/run]
--libdir=DIR object code libraries [EPREFIX/lib]
--includedir=DIR C header files [PREFIX/include]
--oldincludedir=DIR C header files for non-gcc [/usr/include]
--datarootdir=DIR read-only arch.-independent data root[PREFIX/share]
--datadir=DIR read-only architecture-independentdata [DATAROOTDIR]
--infodir=DIR info documentation[DATAROOTDIR/info]
--localedir=DIR locale-dependent data [DATAROOTDIR/locale]
--mandir=DIR man documentation [DATAROOTDIR/man]
--docdir=DIR documentation root[DATAROOTDIR/doc/zabbix]
--htmldir=DIR html documentation [DOCDIR]
--dvidir=DIR dvi documentation [DOCDIR]
--pdfdir=DIR pdf documentation [DOCDIR]
--psdir=DIR ps documentation [DOCDIR]
2）常用的特性
OptionalFeatures:
--disable-option-checking ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options
--disable-FEATURE do not include FEATURE (same as--enable-FEATURE=no)
--enable-FEATURE[=ARG] include FEATURE [ARG=yes]
--enable-silent-rules less verbose build output (undo: "makeV=1")
--disable-silent-rules verbose build output (undo: "makeV=0")
--enable-dependency-tracking
do not reject slowdependency extractors
--disable-dependency-tracking
speeds up one-timebuild
--disable-largefile omit support for large files
--enable-static Build statically linked binaries
--enable-server Turn on build of Zabbix server
--enable-proxy Turn on build of Zabbix proxy
--enable-agent Turn on build of Zabbix agent andclient utilities
--enable-java Turn on build of Zabbix Java gateway
--enable-ipv6 Turn on support of IPv6
3） 常用的包
OptionalPackages:
--with-PACKAGE[=ARG] use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]
--without-PACKAGE do not use PACKAGE (same as--with-PACKAGE=no)
--with-ibm-db2[=ARG] use IBM DB2 CLI from given sqllib directory
(ARG=path); use/home/db2inst1/sqllib (ARG=yes);
disable IBM DB2support (ARG=no)
--with-ibm-db2-include[=DIR]
use IBM DB2 CLI headers from given path
--with-ibm-db2-lib[=DIR]
use IBM DB2 CLIlibraries from given path
--with-mysql[=ARG] use MySQL client library [default=no],optionally
specify path tomysql_config
--with-oracle[=ARG] use Oracle OCI API from given Oracle home
(ARG=path); useexisting ORACLE_HOME (ARG=yes);
disable Oracle OCIsupport (ARG=no)
--with-oracle-include[=DIR]
use Oracle OCI API headersfrom given path
--with-oracle-lib[=DIR] use Oracle OCI APIlibraries from given path
--with-postgresql[=ARG] use PostgreSQLlibrary [default=no], optionally
specify path topg_config
--with-sqlite3[=ARG] use SQLite 3 library [default=no],optionally
specify the prefixfor sqlite3 library
4）其他功能
If you want touse Jabber protocol for messaging:
--with-jabber[=DIR] Include Jabber support [default=no]. DIRis the
iksemel libraryinstall directory.
If you want touse XML library:
--with-libxml2[=ARG] use libxml2 client library [default=no],optionally
specify path toxml2-config
If you want touse unixODBC library:
--with-unixodbc[=ARG] use ODBC driver against unixODBC package
[default=no],optionally specify full path to
odbc_config binary.
If you want touse Net-SNMP library:
--with-net-snmp[=ARG] use Net-SNMP package [default=no],optionally
specify path to net-snmp-config
If you want touse SSH2 based checks:
--with-ssh2[=DIR] use SSH2 package [default=no], DIR isthe SSH2
library installdirectory.
If you want tocheck IPMI devices:
--with-openipmi[=DIR] Include OPENIPMI support [default=no]. DIRis the
OPENIPMI base installdirectory, default is to
search through anumber of common places for the
OPENIPMI files.
If you want tospecify zlib installation directories:
--with-zlib=DIR use zlib from given base installdirectory (DIR),
default is to searchthrough a number of common
places for the zlibfiles.
--with-zlib-include=DIR use zlib includeheaders from given path.
--with-zlib-lib=DIR use zlib libraries from given path.
If you want tospecify pthread installation directories:
--with-libpthread[=DIR] use libpthread fromgiven base install directory
(DIR), default is tosearch through a number of
common places for thelibpthread files.
--with-libpthread-include[=DIR]
use libpthread include headersfrom given path.
--with-libpthread-lib[=DIR]
use libpthreadlibraries from given path.
If you want tospecify libevent installation directories:
--with-libevent[=DIR] use libevent from given base installdirectory
(DIR), default is tosearch through a number of
common places for thelibevent files.
--with-libevent-include[=DIR]
use libevent includeheaders from given path.
--with-libevent-lib[=DIR]
use libeventlibraries from given path.
If you want touse encryption provided by mbed TLS (PolarSSL) library:
--with-mbedtls[=DIR] use mbed TLS (PolarSSL) package [default=no],DIR is
the libpolarsslinstall directory.
If you want touse encryption provided by GnuTLS library:
--with-gnutls[=DIR] use GnuTLS package [default=no], DIR isthe
libgnutls installdirectory.
If you want touse encryption provided by OpenSSL library:
--with-openssl[=DIR] use OpenSSL package [default=no], DIR isthe libssl
and libcrypto installdirectory.
If you want tocheck LDAP servers:
--with-ldap[=DIR] Include LDAP support [default=no]. DIRis the LDAP
base installdirectory, default is to search through
a number of commonplaces for the LDAP files.
If you want touse cURL library:
--with-libcurl[=DIR] use cURL package [default=no], optionallyspecify
path to curl-config
If you want tospecify libpcre installation directories:
--with-libpcre[=DIR] use libpcre from given base installdirectory (DIR),
default is to searchthrough a number of common
places for thelibpcre files.
--with-libpcre-include[=DIR]
use libpcre includeheaders from given path.
--with-libpcre-lib[=DIR]
use libpcre librariesfrom given path.
If you want tospecify iconv installation directories:
--with-iconv[=DIR] use iconv from given base installdirectory (DIR),
default is to search througha number of common
places for the iconvfiles.
--with-iconv-include[=DIR]
use iconv includeheaders from given path.
--with-iconv-lib[=DIR] use iconv libraries from given path.
04
常用的编译参数
Configure可以配置的参数有100多个，以下整理出常用的参数，供参考：
1. 启用Server/Proxy/Agent或者JMX支持
构建Zabbix Server--enable-server
构建ZabbixProxy --enable-proxy
构建ZabbixAgent --enable-agent
构建Zabbix Javagateway --enable-java
支持ipv6 --enable-ipv6
2. 不同的数据库类型支持
支持DB2
--with-ibm-db2[=ARG]
--with-ibm-db2-include[=DIR]
--with-ibm-db2-lib[=DIR]
支持mysql
--with-mysql[=ARG]
支持Oracle
--with-oracle[=ARG]
--with-oracle-include[=DIR]
--with-oracle-lib[=DIR]
支持Postgresql
--with-postgresql[=ARG]
支持SQLite3
--with-sqlite3[=ARG]
3.高级特性支持
支持UnixODBC
--with-unixodbc[=ARG]
支持snmp
--with-net-snmp[=ARG]
支持SSH2
--with-ssh2[=DIR]
支持IPMI
--with-openipmi[=DIR]
支持LDAP
--with-ldap[=DIR]
05
总结
总的来说，通过上述的这些编译参数可以看到，Zabbix是一个模块化的监控平台。它支持且集成了各种开发协议（IPMI, JMX, SNMP等）和平台（MySQL, DB2, SQLite3等）。在Zabbix不断的迭代和升级的过程中，将会集成越来越多的主流方案（如ELK，InfluxDB等）。希望这篇文章，对大家在编译安装的过程，能有一定的启发。
