部署Etcd集群
代码语言：javascript复制Etcd 是一个分布式键值存储系统，Kubernetes使用Etcd进行数据存储，所以先准备一个Etcd数据库，为解决Etcd单点故障，应采用集群方式部署，这里使用3台组建集群，可容忍1台机器故障，当然，你也可以使用5台组建集群，可容忍2台机器故障。
注：为了节省机器，这里与K8s节点机器复用，也可以独立于k8s集群之外部署，只要apiserver能连接到就行。准备cfssl证书生成工具
cfssl是一个开源的证书管理工具，使用json文件生成证书，相比openssl更方便使用。
在k8s-master1节点执行---下载文件
代码语言：javascript复制wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64在k8s-master1节点执行---赋值执行权限
代码语言：javascript复制chmod x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64在k8s-master1节点执行---将文件剪切到指定目录下并改名
代码语言：javascript复制mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo生成Etcd证书---自签证书颁发机构（CA）
在k8s-master1节点执行---创建工作目录并进入
代码语言：javascript复制mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s} && cd TLS/etcd在k8s-master1节点执行---自签CA：期限10年，87600小时等于10年
代码语言：javascript复制cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"www": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
EOF在k8s-master1节点执行---创建ca-csr.json
代码语言：javascript复制cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "etcd CA",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing"
}
]
}
EOF在k8s-master1节点执行---生成证书
代码语言：javascript复制[root@k8s-master1 ~/TLS/etcd]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
显示如下：
2020/11/18 15:23:03 [INFO] generating a new CA key and certificate from CSR
2020/11/18 15:23:03 [INFO] generate received request
2020/11/18 15:23:03 [INFO] received CSR
2020/11/18 15:23:03 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2020/11/18 15:23:04 [INFO] encoded CSR
2020/11/18 15:23:04 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 502216175606304420183686060059503154498973254382在k8s-master1节点执行---查看证书
代码语言：javascript复制ls *pem
显示如下：
ca-key.pem ca.pem使用自签CA签发Etcd HTTPS证书
在k8s-master1节点执行---创建证书申请文件：
代码语言：javascript复制cat > /root/TLS/etcd/server-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "etcd",
"hosts": [
"42.51.80.131",
"42.51.80.132",
"42.51.80.133"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing"
}
]
}
EOF注：上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有etcd节点的集群内部通信IP，一个都不能少！为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。
在k8s-master1节点执行---生成证书
代码语言：javascript复制[root@k8s-master1 ~/TLS/etcd]#cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
显示如下：
2020/11/18 15:24:26 [INFO] generate received request
2020/11/18 15:24:26 [INFO] received CSR
2020/11/18 15:24:26 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2020/11/18 15:24:26 [INFO] encoded CSR
2020/11/18 15:24:26 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 724406594509788710386266824287049394398073593453
2020/11/18 15:24:26 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for
websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management
of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").在k8s-master1节点执行---查看证书
代码语言：javascript复制ls server*pem
显示如下：
server-key.pem server.pem部署Etcd集群
从Github下载二进制文件 下载地址： https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
以下在k8s-master1节点上操作，稍后将k8s-master1生成的所有文件拷贝到k8s-master2和k8s-master3
将etcd包上传至k8s-master1节点上的root目录下
代码语言：javascript复制[root@k8s-master1 ~]#ls /root/etcd-*
/root/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz在k8s-master1节点执行---然后创建工作目录并解压二进制包并移动两个文件到指定目录下
代码语言：javascript复制mkdir -p /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl}
tar zxf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/
执行过程如下：
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#mkdir -p /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl}
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#tar zxf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/在k8s-master1节点执行---创建etcd配置文件
代码语言：javascript复制cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://42.51.80.131:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://42.51.80.131:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://42.51.80.131:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://42.51.80.131:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://42.51.80.131:2380,etcd-2=https://42.51.80.132:2380,etcd-3=https://42.51.80.133:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF参数解析：
代码语言：javascript复制ETCD_NAME：节点名称，集群中唯一
ETCD_DATA_DIR：数据目录
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS：集群通信监听地址
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS：客户端访问监听地址
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS：集群通告地址
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS：客户端通告地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER：集群节点地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN：集群Token
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE：加入集群的当前状态，new是新集群，existing表示加入已有集群在k8s-master1节点执行---创建etcd服务，systemd管理etcd：
代码语言：javascript复制cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem
--logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF在k8s-master1节点执行---把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径
代码语言：javascript复制cp -f ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/在k8s-master1节点执行---将上面k8s-master1所有生成的文件拷贝到k8s-master2和k8s-master3
代码语言：javascript复制scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@k8s-master2:/opt/
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@k8s-master2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@k8s-master3:/opt/
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@k8s-master3:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
显示如下：
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@k8s-master2:/opt/
etcd 100% 23MB 122.2MB/s 00:00
etcdctl 100% 17MB 114.2MB/s 00:00
etcd.conf 100% 501 823.4KB/s 00:00
ca-key.pem 100% 1675 2.1MB/s 00:00
ca.pem 100% 1265 2.3MB/s 00:00
server-key.pem 100% 1679 3.4MB/s 00:00
server.pem 100% 1338 2.8MB/s 00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@k8s-master2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
etcd.service 100% 533 679.6KB/s 00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@k8s-master3:/opt/
etcd 100% 23MB 122.1MB/s 00:00
etcdctl 100% 17MB 105.3MB/s 00:00
etcd.conf 100% 501 765.0KB/s 00:00
ca-key.pem 100% 1675 3.1MB/s 00:00
ca.pem 100% 1265 2.8MB/s 00:00
server-key.pem 100% 1679 3.3MB/s 00:00
server.pem 100% 1338 2.9MB/s 00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@k8s-master3:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
etcd.service 100% 533 776.5KB/s 00:00 在k8s-master2和k8s-master3节点分别修改etcd.conf配置文件中的节点名称和当前服务器IP
vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
代码语言：javascript复制#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-x" #修改此处，节点2改为etcd-2，节点3改为etcd-3
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://42.51.80.xxx:2380" #修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://42.51.80.xxx:2379" #修改此处为当前服务器IP
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://42.51.80.xxx:2380" #修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://42.51.80.xxx:2379" #修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://42.51.80.131:2380,etcd-2=https://42.51.80.132:2380,etcd-3=https://42.51.80.133:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"同时启动并设置开机启动，k8s-master1，k8s-master2，k8s-master3
代码语言：javascript复制systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable etcd --now && systemctl status etcd在任何master节点执行---查看集群状态
代码语言：javascript复制ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://42.51.80.131:2379,https://42.51.80.132:2379,https://42.51.80.133:2379" endpoint health输出结果如下
代码语言：javascript复制https://42.51.80.131:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 17.735641ms
https://42.51.80.132:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 16.272525ms
https://42.51.80.133:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 18.242957ms如果输出上面信息，就说明集群部署成功。 如果有问题,第一步先看日志：/var/log/message 或 journalctl -u etcd
