200行Python代码实现贪吃蛇
话不多说，最后会给出全部的代码，也可以从这里Fork，正文开始；
目前实现的功能列表：
- 贪吃蛇的控制，通过上下左右方向键；
- 触碰到边缘、墙壁、自身则游戏结束；
- 接触到食物则食物消失，同时根据食物类型身体会变长；
- 目前长度显示；
- 暂停、死亡界面；
运行动图
代码片段分析
各个部分绘制的代码
代码语言：javascript复制# 游戏背景以及最下方用于显示文字的背景
def draw_background():
# white background
screen.fill(COLORS['white'])
pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['black'],(-100,GAME_SIZE[1],3000,200),0)
# 绘制墙壁
def draw_wall():
for xy in wall_list:
pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['darkgray'],(xy[0]-WALL_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-WALL_WIDTH/2,WALL_WIDTH,WALL_HEIGHT),0)
# 绘制蛇，包括头和身体
def draw_snake():
head = snake_list[0]
pygame.draw.circle(screen,COLORS['darkred'],(head[0],head[1]),int(SNAKE_WIDTH/2),0)
for xy in snake_list[1:]:
pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['darkred'],(xy[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT),2)
# 绘制食物
def draw_food():
for xyz in food_list:
pygame.draw.rect(screen,FOOD_COLORS[xyz[2]-1],(xyz[0]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,xyz[1]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,FOOD_WIDTH,FOOD_HEIGHT),0)
# 绘制下方的身体长度记录
def draw_context():
txt = FONT_M.render('Snake length: ' str(len(snake_list)-1),True,COLORS['lightblue'])
x,y = 10,GAME_SIZE[1] (int((SIZE[1]-GAME_SIZE[1])/2))
y = int(y-FONT_M.size('Count')[1]/2)
screen.blit(txt,(x,y))
# 绘制暂停界面
def draw_pause():
s = pygame.Surface(SIZE, pygame.SRCALPHA)
s.fill((255,255,255,220))
screen.blit(s, (0,0))
txt = FONT_M.render('PAUSE',True,COLORS['darkgray'])
x,y = SIZE[0]/2,SIZE[1]/2
x,y = int(x-FONT_M.size('PAUSE')[0]/2),int(y-FONT_M.size('PAUSE')[1]/2)
screen.blit(txt,(x,y))
# 绘制死亡界面
def draw_dead():
s = pygame.Surface(SIZE, pygame.SRCALPHA)
s.fill((255,255,255,240))
screen.blit(s, (0,0))
txt = FONT_M.render('YOU DEAD',True,COLORS['black'])
x,y = SIZE[0]/2,SIZE[1]/2
x,y = int(x-FONT_M.size('YOU DEAD')[0]/2),int(y-FONT_M.size('YOU DEAD')[1]/2)
screen.blit(txt,(x,y))死亡与食物的碰撞检查
代码语言：javascript复制# 矩形覆盖检查作为碰撞检测，思路是取反，即取所有不会覆盖的情况的反即可
def rect_cover(rect1,rect2):
left1 = int(rect1[0])
right1 = int(rect1[0] rect1[2])
up1 = int(rect1[1])
down1 = int(rect1[1] rect1[3])
left2 = int(rect2[0])
right2 = int(rect2[0] rect2[2])
up2 = int(rect2[1])
down2 = int(rect2[1] rect2[3])
if not (right2<=left1 or left2>=right1 or down2<=up1 or up2>=down1):
return True
return False
# 检查是否碰到食物
def check_food():
# 头与食物
first = snake_list[0]
snake_head_rect = (first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)
for i in range(len(food_list)):
xyz = food_list[i]
food_rect = (xyz[0]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,xyz[1]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,FOOD_WIDTH,FOOD_HEIGHT)
if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,food_rect):
add_body(xyz[2])
del food_list[i]
return True
return False
# 检查是否碰到边缘、墙壁或者自己的身体
def check_dead():
first = snake_list[0]
snake_head_rect = (first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)
# 头与边缘
if first[0] < 0 or first[0] > GAME_SIZE[0] or first[1] < 0 or first[1] > GAME_SIZE[1]:
return True
# 头与墙壁
for xy in wall_list:
wall_rect = (xy[0]-WALL_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-WALL_WIDTH/2,WALL_WIDTH,WALL_HEIGHT)
if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,wall_rect):
return True
# 头与自身
for xy in snake_list[1:]:
body_rect = (xy[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)
if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,body_rect):
return True
return False更新食物以及增加蛇的身体长度
代码语言：javascript复制def add_food():
while(True):
xyz = [random.choice(X_LIST),random.choice(Y_LIST),random.choice([1,2,3,4])]
if xyz not in wall_list:
food_list.append(xyz)
break
def add_body(length=1):
for c in range(length):
# 尾巴加一节
last2,last1 = snake_list[-2],snake_list[-1]
if last2[0]==last1[0]: # 竖着的两段
if last2[1]>last1[1]: # 朝下
snake_list.append([last1[0],last1[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH])
else:
snake_list.append([last1[0],last1[1] SNAKE_WIDTH])
else: # 横着的两段
if last2[0]>last1[0]: # 朝右
snake_list.append([last1[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH,last1[1]])
else:
snake_list.append([last1[0] SNAKE_WIDTH,last1[1]])蛇的自动移动
代码语言：javascript复制# 通过按键判断当前蛇的朝向
if event.key == K_LEFT:
if head in ['up','down']:
head = 'left'
elif event.key == K_RIGHT:
if head in ['up','down']:
head = 'right'
elif event.key == K_UP:
if head in ['left','right']:
head = 'up'
elif event.key == K_DOWN:
if head in ['left','right']:
head = 'down'
# 通过朝向判断蛇的下一个位置
first = snake_list[0]
snake_list[1:] = snake_list[:-1]
if head == 'up':
snake_list[0] = [first[0],first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH]
elif head == 'down':
snake_list[0] = [first[0],first[1] SNAKE_WIDTH]
elif head == 'left':
snake_list[0] = [first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH,first[1]]
elif head == 'right':
snake_list[0] = [first[0] SNAKE_WIDTH,first[1]]全部代码
代码语言：javascript复制import sys,random
import pygame
from pygame.color import THECOLORS as COLORS
from pygame.locals import *
def draw_background():
# white background
screen.fill(COLORS['white'])
pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['black'],(-100,GAME_SIZE[1],3000,200),0)
def draw_wall():
for xy in wall_list:
pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['darkgray'],(xy[0]-WALL_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-WALL_WIDTH/2,WALL_WIDTH,WALL_HEIGHT),0)
def draw_snake():
head = snake_list[0]
pygame.draw.circle(screen,COLORS['darkred'],(head[0],head[1]),int(SNAKE_WIDTH/2),0)
for xy in snake_list[1:]:
pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['darkred'],(xy[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT),2)
def draw_food():
for xyz in food_list:
pygame.draw.rect(screen,FOOD_COLORS[xyz[2]-1],(xyz[0]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,xyz[1]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,FOOD_WIDTH,FOOD_HEIGHT),0)
def draw_context():
txt = FONT_M.render('Snake length: ' str(len(snake_list)-1),True,COLORS['lightblue'])
x,y = 10,GAME_SIZE[1] (int((SIZE[1]-GAME_SIZE[1])/2))
y = int(y-FONT_M.size('Count')[1]/2)
screen.blit(txt,(x,y))
def draw_pause():
s = pygame.Surface(SIZE, pygame.SRCALPHA)
s.fill((255,255,255,220))
screen.blit(s, (0,0))
txt = FONT_M.render('PAUSE',True,COLORS['darkgray'])
x,y = SIZE[0]/2,SIZE[1]/2
x,y = int(x-FONT_M.size('PAUSE')[0]/2),int(y-FONT_M.size('PAUSE')[1]/2)
screen.blit(txt,(x,y))
def draw_dead():
s = pygame.Surface(SIZE, pygame.SRCALPHA)
s.fill((255,255,255,240))
screen.blit(s, (0,0))
txt = FONT_M.render('YOU DEAD',True,COLORS['black'])
x,y = SIZE[0]/2,SIZE[1]/2
x,y = int(x-FONT_M.size('YOU DEAD')[0]/2),int(y-FONT_M.size('YOU DEAD')[1]/2)
screen.blit(txt,(x,y))
def rect_cover(rect1,rect2):
left1 = int(rect1[0])
right1 = int(rect1[0] rect1[2])
up1 = int(rect1[1])
down1 = int(rect1[1] rect1[3])
left2 = int(rect2[0])
right2 = int(rect2[0] rect2[2])
up2 = int(rect2[1])
down2 = int(rect2[1] rect2[3])
if not (right2<=left1 or left2>=right1 or down2<=up1 or up2>=down1):
return True
return False
def add_food():
while(True):
xyz = [random.choice(X_LIST),random.choice(Y_LIST),random.choice([1,2,3,4])]
if xyz not in wall_list:
food_list.append(xyz)
break
def add_body(length=1):
for c in range(length):
# 尾巴加一节
last2,last1 = snake_list[-2],snake_list[-1]
if last2[0]==last1[0]: # 竖着的两段
if last2[1]>last1[1]: # 朝下
snake_list.append([last1[0],last1[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH])
else:
snake_list.append([last1[0],last1[1] SNAKE_WIDTH])
else: # 横着的两段
if last2[0]>last1[0]: # 朝右
snake_list.append([last1[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH,last1[1]])
else:
snake_list.append([last1[0] SNAKE_WIDTH,last1[1]])
def check_food():
# 头与食物
first = snake_list[0]
snake_head_rect = (first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)
for i in range(len(food_list)):
xyz = food_list[i]
food_rect = (xyz[0]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,xyz[1]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,FOOD_WIDTH,FOOD_HEIGHT)
if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,food_rect):
add_body(xyz[2])
del food_list[i]
return True
return False
def check_dead():
first = snake_list[0]
snake_head_rect = (first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)
# 头与边缘
if first[0] < 0 or first[0] > GAME_SIZE[0] or first[1] < 0 or first[1] > GAME_SIZE[1]:
return True
# 头与墙壁
for xy in wall_list:
wall_rect = (xy[0]-WALL_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-WALL_WIDTH/2,WALL_WIDTH,WALL_HEIGHT)
if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,wall_rect):
return True
# 头与自身
for xy in snake_list[1:]:
body_rect = (xy[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)
if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,body_rect):
return True
return False
if __name__ == "__main__":
# init pygame
pygame.init()
# contant
GAME_SIZE = [900,900]
SIZE = [GAME_SIZE[0],GAME_SIZE[1] 100]
FONT_S = pygame.font.SysFont('Times', 50)
FONT_M = pygame.font.SysFont('Times', 90)
DIRECTION = ['up','right','down','left']
X_LIST = [x for x in range(GAME_SIZE[0])]
Y_LIST = [y for y in range(GAME_SIZE[1])]
FOOD_COLORS = ((46,139,87),(199,21,133),(25,25,112),(255,215,0))
# wall
wall_list = [[100,200],[600,500],[350,200],[500,800]]
WALL_WIDTH,WALL_HEIGHT = 30,30
# food
food_list = [(150,200,1),(300,500,1),(740,542,1),(300,600,1),(700,600,1)]
FOOD_WIDTH,FOOD_HEIGHT = 14,14
# create screen 500*500
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(SIZE)
# variable parameter
snake_list = [[100 12*4,100],[100 12*3,100],[100 12*2,100],[100 12*1,100],[100,100]]
SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT = 12,12
snake_v = 0
count_time = 0
# level
frame = 0.05
level = 1
# main loop
running = True
pause = False
dead = False
head = 'right'
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
break
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
pause = not pause
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
if event.key == K_LEFT:
if head in ['up','down']:
head = 'left'
elif event.key == K_RIGHT:
if head in ['up','down']:
head = 'right'
elif event.key == K_UP:
if head in ['left','right']:
head = 'up'
elif event.key == K_DOWN:
if head in ['left','right']:
head = 'down'
# update data
if not pause and not dead:
count_time = frame*level
first = snake_list[0]
snake_list[1:] = snake_list[:-1]
if head == 'up':
snake_list[0] = [first[0],first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH]
elif head == 'down':
snake_list[0] = [first[0],first[1] SNAKE_WIDTH]
elif head == 'left':
snake_list[0] = [first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH,first[1]]
elif head == 'right':
snake_list[0] = [first[0] SNAKE_WIDTH,first[1]]
# background
draw_background()
# tunnel
draw_wall()
# choose item
draw_snake()
# food
draw_food()
# point
draw_context()
# pause
if not dead and pause:
draw_pause()
# dead
if dead:
draw_dead()
# flip
pygame.display.flip()
# pause 20ms
pygame.time.delay(int(frame/level*1000))
# check win or not
dead = check_dead()
if check_food():
add_food()
pygame.quit()
