21.30 mongodb创建集合、数据管理
创建集合语法：
db.createCollection(name,options)
name就是集合的名字，options可选，用来配置集合的参数。
例如我要创建一个名为mycol的集合，命令如下：
代码语言：javascript复制> db.createCollection("mycol", { capped : true, size : 6142800, max : 10000 } )
{ "ok" : 1 }
> 以上命令创建了一个名为mycol的集合，在参数中指定了启用封顶集合，并且设置该集合的大小为6142800个字节，以及设置该集合允许在文件的最大数量为10000。
可配置集合的参数如下：
- capped true/false （可选）如果为true，则启用封顶集合。封顶集合是固定大小的集合，当它达到其最大大小，会自动覆盖最早的条目。如果指定true，则也需要指定尺寸参数。
- autoindexID true/false （可选）如果为true，自动创建索引_id字段的默认值是false。
- size （可选）指定最大大小字节封顶集合。如果封顶如果是 true，那么你还需要指定这个字段。单位B
- max （可选）指定封顶集合允许在文件的最大数量。
MongoDB其他的一些常用命令：
show collections命令可以查看集合，或者使用show tables也可以：
代码语言：javascript复制> show tables
mycol
> show collections
mycol
>插入数据命令，一个集合的数据结构是在插入数据时定义的：
代码语言：javascript复制// 如果集合不存在，直接插入数据，则mongodb会自动创建集合
> db.Account.insert({AccountID:1,UserName:"test",password:"123456"})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> show tables
Account
mycol
> db.mycol.insert({AccountID:1,UserName:"test",password:"123456"})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> 更新数据命令：
代码语言：javascript复制// $set是一个动作，以下这条语句是在集合中新增了一个名为Age的key，设置的value为20
> db.Account.update({AccountID:1},{"$set":{"Age":20}})
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
>查看所有的文档：
代码语言：javascript复制> db.Account.insert({AccountID:2,UserName:"test2",password:"123456"})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.Account.find() // 查看指定集合中的所有文档
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a5377cb503451a127782146"), "AccountID" : 1, "UserName" : "test", "password" : "123456", "Age" : 20 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a537949503451a127782149"), "AccountID" : 2, "UserName" : "test2", "password" : "123456" }
> 可以根据条件进行查询，例如我要指定id进行查看：
代码语言：javascript复制> db.Account.find({AccountID:1})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a5377cb503451a127782146"), "AccountID" : 1, "UserName" : "test", "password" : "123456", "Age" : 20 }
> db.Account.find({AccountID:2})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a537949503451a127782149"), "AccountID" : 2, "UserName" : "test2", "password" : "123456" }
>根据条件删除数据：
代码语言：javascript复制> db.Account.remove({AccountID:1})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 1 })
> db.Account.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a537949503451a127782149"), "AccountID" : 2, "UserName" : "test2", "password" : "123456" }
> 删除集合：
代码语言：javascript复制> db.Account.drop()
true
> show tables
mycol
>查看集合的状态：
代码语言：javascript复制> db.printCollectionStats()
mycol
{
"ns" : "db1.mycol",
"size" : 162,
"count" : 2,
"avgObjSize" : 81,
"storageSize" : 32768,
"capped" : true,
"max" : 10000,
"maxSize" : 6142976,
"sleepCount" : 0,
"sleepMS" : 0,
"wiredTiger" : {
"metadata" : {
"formatVersion" : 1
},
"creationString" : "access_pattern_hint=none,allocation_size=4KB,app_metadata=(formatVersion=1),assert=(commit_timestamp=none,read_timestamp=none),block_allocation=best,block_compressor=snappy,cache_resident=false,checksum=on,colgroups=,collator=,columns=,dictionary=0,encryption=(keyid=,name=),exclusive=false,extractor=,format=btree,huffman_key=,huffman_value=,ignore_in_memory_cache_size=false,immutable=false,internal_item_max=0,internal_key_max=0,internal_key_truncate=true,internal_page_max=4KB,key_format=q,key_gap=10,leaf_item_max=0,leaf_key_max=0,leaf_page_max=32KB,leaf_value_max=64MB,log=(enabled=true),lsm=(auto_throttle=true,bloom=true,bloom_bit_count=16,bloom_config=,bloom_hash_count=8,bloom_oldest=false,chunk_count_limit=0,chunk_max=5GB,chunk_size=10MB,merge_max=15,merge_min=0),memory_page_max=10m,os_cache_dirty_max=0,os_cache_max=0,prefix_compression=false,prefix_compression_min=4,source=,split_deepen_min_child=0,split_deepen_per_child=0,split_pct=90,type=file,value_format=u",
"type" : "file",
"uri" : "statistics:table:collection-0-4593892186656792650",
"LSM" : {
"bloom filter false positives" : 0,
"bloom filter hits" : 0,
"bloom filter misses" : 0,
"bloom filter pages evicted from cache" : 0,
"bloom filter pages read into cache" : 0,
"bloom filters in the LSM tree" : 0,
"chunks in the LSM tree" : 0,
"highest merge generation in the LSM tree" : 0,
"queries that could have benefited from a Bloom filter that did not exist" : 0,
"sleep for LSM checkpoint throttle" : 0,
"sleep for LSM merge throttle" : 0,
"total size of bloom filters" : 0
},
"block-manager" : {
"allocations requiring file extension" : 7,
"blocks allocated" : 7,
"blocks freed" : 1,
"checkpoint size" : 4096,
"file allocation unit size" : 4096,
"file bytes available for reuse" : 12288,
"file magic number" : 120897,
"file major version number" : 1,
"file size in bytes" : 32768,
"minor version number" : 0
},
"btree" : {
"btree checkpoint generation" : 261,
"column-store fixed-size leaf pages" : 0,
"column-store internal pages" : 0,
"column-store variable-size RLE encoded values" : 0,
"column-store variable-size deleted values" : 0,
"column-store variable-size leaf pages" : 0,
"fixed-record size" : 0,
"maximum internal page key size" : 368,
"maximum internal page size" : 4096,
"maximum leaf page key size" : 2867,
"maximum leaf page size" : 32768,
"maximum leaf page value size" : 67108864,
"maximum tree depth" : 3,
"number of key/value pairs" : 0,
"overflow pages" : 0,
"pages rewritten by compaction" : 0,
"row-store internal pages" : 0,
"row-store leaf pages" : 0
},
"cache" : {
"bytes currently in the cache" : 1290,
"bytes read into cache" : 0,
"bytes written from cache" : 437,
"checkpoint blocked page eviction" : 0,
"data source pages selected for eviction unable to be evicted" : 0,
"eviction walk passes of a file" : 0,
"eviction walk target pages histogram - 0-9" : 0,
"eviction walk target pages histogram - 10-31" : 0,
"eviction walk target pages histogram - 128 and higher" : 0,
"eviction walk target pages histogram - 32-63" : 0,
"eviction walk target pages histogram - 64-128" : 0,
"eviction walks abandoned" : 0,
"eviction walks gave up because they restarted their walk twice" : 0,
"eviction walks gave up because they saw too many pages and found no candidates" : 0,
"eviction walks gave up because they saw too many pages and found too few candidates" : 0,
"eviction walks reached end of tree" : 0,
"eviction walks started from root of tree" : 0,
"eviction walks started from saved location in tree" : 0,
"hazard pointer blocked page eviction" : 0,
"in-memory page passed criteria to be split" : 0,
"in-memory page splits" : 0,
"internal pages evicted" : 0,
"internal pages split during eviction" : 0,
"leaf pages split during eviction" : 0,
"modified pages evicted" : 0,
"overflow pages read into cache" : 0,
"page split during eviction deepened the tree" : 0,
"page written requiring lookaside records" : 0,
"pages read into cache" : 0,
"pages read into cache requiring lookaside entries" : 0,
"pages requested from the cache" : 2,
"pages seen by eviction walk" : 0,
"pages written from cache" : 4,
"pages written requiring in-memory restoration" : 0,
"tracked dirty bytes in the cache" : 0,
"unmodified pages evicted" : 0
},
"cache_walk" : {
"Average difference between current eviction generation when the page was last considered" : 0,
"Average on-disk page image size seen" : 0,
"Average time in cache for pages that have been visited by the eviction server" : 0,
"Average time in cache for pages that have not been visited by the eviction server" : 0,
"Clean pages currently in cache" : 0,
"Current eviction generation" : 0,
"Dirty pages currently in cache" : 0,
"Entries in the root page" : 0,
"Internal pages currently in cache" : 0,
"Leaf pages currently in cache" : 0,
"Maximum difference between current eviction generation when the page was last considered" : 0,
"Maximum page size seen" : 0,
"Minimum on-disk page image size seen" : 0,
"Number of pages never visited by eviction server" : 0,
"On-disk page image sizes smaller than a single allocation unit" : 0,
"Pages created in memory and never written" : 0,
"Pages currently queued for eviction" : 0,
"Pages that could not be queued for eviction" : 0,
"Refs skipped during cache traversal" : 0,
"Size of the root page" : 0,
"Total number of pages currently in cache" : 0
},
"compression" : {
"compressed pages read" : 0,
"compressed pages written" : 0,
"page written failed to compress" : 0,
"page written was too small to compress" : 4,
"raw compression call failed, additional data available" : 0,
"raw compression call failed, no additional data available" : 0,
"raw compression call succeeded" : 0
},
"cursor" : {
"bulk-loaded cursor-insert calls" : 0,
"create calls" : 1,
"cursor-insert key and value bytes inserted" : 164,
"cursor-remove key bytes removed" : 0,
"cursor-update value bytes updated" : 0,
"insert calls" : 2,
"modify calls" : 0,
"next calls" : 0,
"prev calls" : 1,
"remove calls" : 0,
"reserve calls" : 0,
"reset calls" : 3,
"restarted searches" : 0,
"search calls" : 0,
"search near calls" : 0,
"truncate calls" : 0,
"update calls" : 0
},
"reconciliation" : {
"dictionary matches" : 0,
"fast-path pages deleted" : 0,
"internal page key bytes discarded using suffix compression" : 0,
"internal page multi-block writes" : 0,
"internal-page overflow keys" : 0,
"leaf page key bytes discarded using prefix compression" : 0,
"leaf page multi-block writes" : 0,
"leaf-page overflow keys" : 0,
"maximum blocks required for a page" : 1,
"overflow values written" : 0,
"page checksum matches" : 0,
"page reconciliation calls" : 4,
"page reconciliation calls for eviction" : 0,
"pages deleted" : 0
},
"session" : {
"object compaction" : 0,
"open cursor count" : 1
},
"transaction" : {
"update conflicts" : 0
}
},
"nindexes" : 1,
"totalIndexSize" : 32768,
"indexSizes" : {
"_id_" : 32768
},
"ok" : 1
}
---
>21.31 php的mongodb扩展
php的官方给出了两个mongodb的扩展，一个是mongodb.so，另一个是mongo.so。mongodb.so是针对新版本的php扩展，而mongo.so则是对旧版本的php扩展。
以下是官方给出的关于两个扩展的参考文档：
https://docs.mongodb.com/ecosystem/drivers/php/
由于现在新旧版本的php都有在使用，所以我们需要了解两种扩展的安装方式，首先介绍mongodb.so的安装方式： 有两种方式可以安装mongodb.so，第一种是通过git安装：
代码语言：javascript复制[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@localhost /usr/local/src]# git clone https://github.com/mongodb/mongo-php-driver
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongo-php-driver]# git submodule update --init
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongo-php-driver]# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongo-php-driver]# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongo-php-driver]# make && make install
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongo-php-driver]# vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
extension = mongodb.so // 增加这一行
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongo-php-driver]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -m |grep mongodb
mongodb
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongo-php-driver]#由于国内连GitHub不是很流畅，所以这种安装方式会有点慢。
第二种是通过源码包安装：
代码语言：javascript复制[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@localhost /usr/local/src]# wget https://pecl.php.net/get/mongodb-1.3.0.tgz
[root@localhost /usr/local/src]# tar zxvf mongodb-1.3.0.tgz
[root@localhost /usr/local/src]# cd mongodb-1.3.0
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongodb-1.3.0]# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongodb-1.3.0]# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongodb-1.3.0]# make && make install
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongodb-1.3.0]# vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
extension = mongodb.so // 增加这一行
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongodb-1.3.0]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -m |grep mongodb
mongodb
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongodb-1.3.0]# 21.32 php的mongo扩展
安装过程如下：
代码语言：javascript复制[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@localhost /usr/local/src]# wget https://pecl.php.net/get/mongo-1.6.16.tgz
[root@localhost /usr/local/src]# tar -zxvf mongo-1.6.16.tgz
[root@localhost /usr/local/src]# cd mongo-1.6.16/
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongo-1.6.16]# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongo-1.6.16]# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongo-1.6.16]# make && make install
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongo-1.6.16]# vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
extension = mongo.so // 增加这一行
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongo-1.6.16]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -m |grep mongo
mongo
mongodb
[root@localhost /usr/local/src/mongo-1.6.16]#测试mongo扩展：
1.先去掉MongoDB的用户认证，然后编辑测试页：
代码语言：javascript复制[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mongod.service # 将--auth去掉
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mongod.service
[root@localhost ~]# vim /data/wwwroot/abc.com/index.php # 编辑测试页
<?php
$m = new MongoClient(); # 连接
$db = $m->test; # 获取名称为 "test" 的数据库
$collection = $db->createCollection("runoob");
echo "集合创建成功";
?>2.访问测试页：
代码语言：javascript复制[root@localhost ~]# curl localhost/index.php
集合创建成功
[root@localhost ~]#3.到MongoDB里看看集合是否存在：
代码语言：javascript复制[root@localhost ~]# mongo --host 192.168.77.130 --port 27017
> use test
switched to db test
> show tables
runoob # 集合创建成功就代表没问题了
>关于php连接MongoDB可以参考以下文章：
http://www.runoob.com/mongodb/mongodb-php.html
