PHP连接及操作PostgreSQL数据库的方法详解

2020-10-21 14:31:51 浏览数 (1)

本文实例讲述了PHP连接及操作PostgreSQL数据库的方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

PostgreSQL扩展在默认情况下在最新版本的PHP 5.3.x中是启用的。 可以在编译时使用–without-pgsql来禁用它。仍然可以使用yum命令来安装PHP-PostgreSQL接口:

代码语言:javascript复制
yum install php-pgsql

在开始使用PHP连接PostgreSQL接口之前,请先在PostgreSQL安装目录中找到pg_hba.conf文件,并添加以下行:

代码语言:javascript复制
# IPv4 local connections:
host  all     all     127.0.0.1/32     md5

您可以启动/重新启动postgres服务器,使用以下命令运行:

代码语言:javascript复制
[root@host]# service postgresql restart
Stopping postgresql service:                [ OK ]
Starting postgresql service:                [ OK ]

Windows用户必须启用php_pgsql.dll才能使用此扩展名。这个DLL包含在最新版本的PHP 5.3.x中的Windows发行版中。

PHP连接到PostgreSQL数据库

以下PHP代码显示如何连接到本地机器上的现有数据库,最后将返回数据库连接对象。

代码语言:javascript复制
<?php
  $host    = "host=127.0.0.1";
  $port    = "port=5432";
  $dbname   = "dbname=testdb";
  $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123";
  $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials" );
  if(!$db){
   echo "Error : Unable to open databasen";
  } else {
   echo "Opened database successfullyn";
  }
? 

现在,让我们运行上面的程序打开数据库:testdb,如果成功打开数据库连接,那么它将给出以下消息:

Opened database successfully

创建表

以下PHP程序将用于在之前创建的数据库(testdb)中创建一个表:

代码语言:javascript复制
<?php
  $host    = "host=127.0.0.1";
  $port    = "port=5432";
  $dbname   = "dbname=testdb";
  $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123";
  $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials" );
  if(!$db){
   echo "Error : Unable to open databasen";
  } else {
   echo "Opened database successfullyn";
  }
  $sql =<<<EOF
   CREATE TABLE COMPANY
   (ID INT PRIMARY KEY   NOT NULL,
   NAME      TEXT  NOT NULL,
   AGE      INT   NOT NULL,
   ADDRESS    CHAR(50),
   SALARY     REAL);
EOF;
  $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
  if(!$ret){
   echo pg_last_error($db);
  } else {
   echo "Table created successfullyn";
  }
  pg_close($db);
? 

当执行上述程序时,它将在testdb数据库中创建COMPANY表,并显示以下消息:

Opened database successfully Table created successfully

SQL

插入操作

以下PHP程序显示了如何在上述示例中创建的COMPANY表中创建记录:

代码语言:javascript复制
<?php
  $host    = "host=127.0.0.1";
  $port    = "port=5432";
  $dbname   = "dbname=testdb";
  $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123";
  $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials" );
  if(!$db){
   echo "Error : Unable to open databasen";
  } else {
   echo "Opened database successfullyn";
  }
  $sql =<<<EOF
   INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
   VALUES (1, 'Paul', 32, 'California', 20000.00 );
   INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
   VALUES (2, 'Allen', 25, 'Texas', 15000.00 );
   INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
   VALUES (3, 'Teddy', 23, 'Norway', 20000.00 );
   INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
   VALUES (4, 'Mark', 25, 'Rich-Mond ', 65000.00 );
EOF;
  $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
  if(!$ret){
   echo pg_last_error($db);
  } else {
   echo "Records created successfullyn";
  }
  pg_close($db);
? 

当执行上述程序时,它将在COMPANY表中创建给定的记录,并显示以下两行:

Opened database successfully Records created successfully

SELECT操作

以下PHP程序显示了如何从上述示例中创建的COMPANY表中获取和显示记录:

代码语言:javascript复制
<?php
  $host    = "host=127.0.0.1";
  $port    = "port=5432";
  $dbname   = "dbname=testdb";
  $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123";
  $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials" );
  if(!$db){
   echo "Error : Unable to open databasen";
  } else {
   echo "Opened database successfullyn";
  }
  $sql =<<<EOF
   SELECT * from COMPANY;
EOF;
  $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
  if(!$ret){
   echo pg_last_error($db);
   exit;
  }
  while($row = pg_fetch_row($ret)){
   echo "ID = ". $row[0] . "n";
   echo "NAME = ". $row[1] ."n";
   echo "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."n";
   echo "SALARY = ".$row[4] ."nn";
  }
  echo "Operation done successfullyn";
  pg_close($db);
? 

当执行上述程序时,将产生以下结果。 请记下,在创建表时按照它们使用的顺序返回字段。

Opened database successfully ID = 1 NAME = Paul ADDRESS = California SALARY = 20000 ID = 2 NAME = Allen ADDRESS = Texas SALARY = 15000 ID = 3 NAME = Teddy ADDRESS = Norway SALARY = 20000 ID = 4 NAME = Mark ADDRESS = Rich-Mond SALARY = 65000 Operation done successfully

更新操作

以下PHP代码显示了如何使用UPDATE语句来更新指定记录,然后从COMPANY表中获取并显示更新的记录:

代码语言:javascript复制
<?php
  $host    = "host=127.0.0.1";
  $port    = "port=5432";
  $dbname   = "dbname=testdb";
  $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123";
  $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials" );
  if(!$db){
   echo "Error : Unable to open databasen";
  } else {
   echo "Opened database successfullyn";
  }
  $sql =<<<EOF
   UPDATE COMPANY set SALARY = 25000.00 where ID=1;
EOF;
  $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
  if(!$ret){
   echo pg_last_error($db);
   exit;
  } else {
   echo "Record updated successfullyn";
  }
  $sql =<<<EOF
   SELECT * from COMPANY;
EOF;
  $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
  if(!$ret){
   echo pg_last_error($db);
   exit;
  }
  while($row = pg_fetch_row($ret)){
   echo "ID = ". $row[0] . "n";
   echo "NAME = ". $row[1] ."n";
   echo "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."n";
   echo "SALARY = ".$row[4] ."nn";
  }
  echo "Operation done successfullyn";
  pg_close($db);
? 

执行上述程序时,会产生以下结果:

Opened database successfully Record updated successfully ID = 2 NAME = Allen ADDRESS = 25 SALARY = 15000 ID = 3 NAME = Teddy ADDRESS = 23 SALARY = 20000 ID = 4 NAME = Mark ADDRESS = 25 SALARY = 65000 ID = 1 NAME = Paul ADDRESS = 32 SALARY = 25000 Operation done successfully

删除操作

以下PHP代码显示了如何使用DELETE语句删除指定记录,然后从COMPANY表中获取并显示剩余的记录:

代码语言:javascript复制
<?php
  $host    = "host=127.0.0.1";
  $port    = "port=5432";
  $dbname   = "dbname=testdb";
  $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123";
  $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials" );
  if(!$db){
   echo "Error : Unable to open databasen";
  } else {
   echo "Opened database successfullyn";
  }
  $sql =<<<EOF
   DELETE from COMPANY where ID=2;
EOF;
  $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
  if(!$ret){
   echo pg_last_error($db);
   exit;
  } else {
   echo "Record deleted successfullyn";
  }
  $sql =<<<EOF
   SELECT * from COMPANY;
EOF;
  $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
  if(!$ret){
   echo pg_last_error($db);
   exit;
  }
  while($row = pg_fetch_row($ret)){
   echo "ID = ". $row[0] . "n";
   echo "NAME = ". $row[1] ."n";
   echo "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."n";
   echo "SALARY = ".$row[4] ."nn";
  }
  echo "Operation done successfullyn";
  pg_close($db);
? 

执行上述程序时,会产生以下结果:

Opened database successfully Record deleted successfully ID = 3 NAME = Teddy ADDRESS = 23 SALARY = 20000 ID = 4 NAME = Mark ADDRESS = 25 SALARY = 65000 ID = 1 NAME = Paul ADDRESS = 32 SALARY = 25000 Operation done successfully

希望本文所述对大家PHP程序设计有所帮助。

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