WordPress速度优化-Nginx fastcgi_cache缓存加速

2020-08-10 14:28:53 浏览数 (1)

高并发网站架构的核心原则其实就一句话“把所有的用户访问请求都尽量往前推“,即:能缓存在用户电脑本地的,就不要让他去访问CDN。 能缓存CDN服务器上的,就不要让CDN去访问源(静态服务器)了。能访问静态服务器的,就不要去访问动态服务器。以此类推:能不访问数据库和存储就一定不要去访问数据库和存储。

WordPress最好的优化方式就是尽量不安装插件,Wordpress是典型的PHP-MySQL应用,去做数据库缓存,倒不如让轻量级的Nginx直接去缓存WordPress内容。

Nginx内置FastCgi缓存,但是不支持自动清除缓存。当你在Wordpress里面新建/修改一篇文章,或者访客提交评论的时候,自动清空相关的缓存是必要的!Nginx需要安装ngx_cache_purg 量身定做的WordPress缓存清理插件:Nginx Helper。

1. 安装Nginx ngx_cache_purge模块 1)查看ngx_cache_purge是否安装

  1. nginx -V 2>&1 | grep -o ngx_cache_purge

显示ngx_cache_purge表示已经安装

2)安装ngx_cache_purge模块 《OneinStack》和《lnmp一键安装包》下安装ngx_cache_purge模块

  1. cd /root/oneinstack/src
  2. wget http://labs.frickle.com/files/ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz
  3. wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.10.tar.gz
  4. tar xzf ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz
  5. tar xzf nginx-1.9.10.tar.gz
  6. cd nginx-1.9.10
  7. nginx -V #查看nginx编译参数,最后加上--add-module=../ngx_cache_purge-2.3
  8. ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www
  9. --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_ssl_module
  10. --with-ipv6 --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_realip_module
  11. --with-http_flv_module --with-ld-opt=-ljemalloc
  12. --add-module=../ngx_cache_purge-2.3
  13. make #编译
  14. mv /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx{,_`date %F`} #备份nginx
  15. cp objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin
  16. nginx -V 2>&1 | grep -o ngx_cache_purge
  17. # 显示ngx_cache_purge表示已经安装成功

2. Nginx配置 建议将fastcgi_cache_path设置tmpfs内存中,操作系统不同tmpfs路径也不同,如下:

  1. CentOS:/dev/shm
  2. Ubuntu和Debian:/run/shm

修改nginx虚拟主机配置文件/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/blog.linuxeye.com.conf:

  1. fastcgi_cache_path /dev/shm/nginx-cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=WORDPRESS:100m inactive=60m;
  2. fastcgi_cache_key "hostrequest_uri";
  3. fastcgi_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header http_500;
  4. fastcgi_ignore_headers Cache-Control Expires Set-Cookie;
  5. server {
  6. listen 443 ssl http2;
  7. ssl_certificate /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/linuxeye_blog.crt;
  8. ssl_certificate_key /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/linuxeye_blog.key;
  9. ssl_ciphers "CHACHA20:GCM:HIGH:!DH:!RC4:!aNULL:!eNULL:!LOW:!3DES:!MD5:!EXP:!PSK:!SRP:!DSS";
  10. ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
  11. ssl_session_timeout 10m;
  12. #ssl_stapling on;
  13. #ssl_stapling_verify on;
  14. resolver 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4 valid=300s;
  15. resolver_timeout 5s;
  16. server_name blog.linuxeye.com;
  17. access_log /home/wwwlogs/blog_nginx.log combined;
  18. index index.html index.htm index.php;
  19. include wordpress.conf;
  20. root /home/wwwroot/blog;
  21. set $skip_cache 0;
  22. if ($request_method = POST) {
  23. set $skip_cache 1;
  24. }
  25. if ($query_string != "") {
  26. set $skip_cache 1;
  27. }
  28. if ($request_uri ~* "/wp-admin/|/xmlrpc.php|wp-.*.php|/feed/|index.php|sitemap(_index)?.xml") {
  29. set $skip_cache 1;
  30. }
  31. if ($http_cookie ~* "comment_author|wordpress_[a-f0-9] |wp-postpass|wordpress_no_cache|wordpress_logged_in") {
  32. set $skip_cache 1;
  33. }
  34. location ~ [^/].php(/|$) {
  35. #fastcgi_pass remote_php_ip:9000;
  36. fastcgi_pass unix:/dev/shm/php-cgi.sock;
  37. fastcgi_index index.php;
  38. include fastcgi.conf;
  39. fastcgi_cache_bypass $skip_cache;
  40. fastcgi_no_cache $skip_cache;
  41. fastcgi_cache WORDPRESS;
  42. fastcgi_cache_valid 60m;
  43. }
  44. location ~ /purge(/.*) {
  45. allow 127.0.0.1;
  46. deny all;
  47. fastcgi_cache_purge WORDPRESS "host1";
  48. }
  49. location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|flv|ico)$ {
  50. expires 30d;
  51. access_log off;
  52. }
  53. location ~ .*.(js|css)?$ {
  54. expires 7d;
  55. access_log off;
  56. }
  57. }

使nginx配置生效

  1. service nginx reload

重启系统后shm内存中nginx-cache文件夹会丢失,为了使重启生效(自动创建文件夹),修改/etc/init.d/nginx的make_dirs下一行添加:

  1. [ ! -d '/dev/shm/nginx-cache' ] && { mkdir /dev/shm/nginx-cache; chown -R

3. WordPress安装Nginx Helper插件 WordPress后台【插件】—【安装插件】搜索【Nginx Helper】安装即可。如下设置:

修改wordpress网站根目录wp-config.php添加如下行:

  1. define('RT_WP_NGINX_HELPER_CACHE_PATH','/dev/shm/nginx-cache');

4. 测试 测试时候勾选Enable Logging(记录日志)、Enable Nginx Timestamp in HTML(插入缓存信息) 查看Nginx Helper是否刷新日志:

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