石竹
T.10: Specify concepts for all template arguments
T.10:为所有的模板参数定义概念
Reason(原因)
Correctness and readability. The assumed meaning (syntax and semantics) of a template argument is fundamental to the interface of a template. A concept dramatically improves documentation and error handling for the template. Specifying concepts for template arguments is a powerful design tool.
正确性和可读性。一个模板参数的假定含义(语法和语义)是模板接口的基础。概念大幅度改善了模板的文档化和错误处理。为模板参数定义概念是一个强有力的设计工具。
Example(实例)
代码语言:javascript复制template<typename Iter, typename Val>
// requires Input_iterator<Iter>
// && Equality_comparable<Value_type<Iter>, Val>
Iter find(Iter b, Iter e, Val v)
{
// ...
}
or equivalently and more succinctly:
或者使用下面功能等价但更简洁的方式:
代码语言:javascript复制template<Input_iterator Iter, typename Val>
// requires Equality_comparable<Value_type<Iter>, Val>
Iter find(Iter b, Iter e, Val v)
{
// ...
}
Note(注意)
"Concepts" are defined in an ISO Technical Specification: concepts. A draft of a set of standard-library concepts can be found in another ISO TS: ranges Concepts are supported in GCC 6.1 and later. Consequently, we comment out uses of concepts in examples; that is, we use them as formalized comments only. If you use GCC 6.1 or later, you can uncomment them:
“概念”被ISO技术规格:concepts定义。一套标准库concepts的初步版本可以在另一个ISO技术规格:ranges中找到。GCC6.1以后都支持concepts。因此我们在实例代码中注释掉使用concepts的部分;也就是说我们只是将它们用作标准的注释。如果你使用GCC6.1之后的版本,可以打开注释。
template<typename Iter, typename Val>
代码语言:javascript复制 requires Input_iterator<Iter>
&& Equality_comparable<Value_type<Iter>, Val>
Iter find(Iter b, Iter e, Val v)
{
// ...
}
Note(注意)
Plain typename (or auto) is the least constraining concept. It should be used only rarely when nothing more than "it's a type" can be assumed. This is typically only needed when (as part of template metaprogramming code) we manipulate pure expression trees, postponing type checking.
直接的类型名(或auto)是最小约束的概念。它应该被极少使用,仅限于表现“它是一个类型”。这通常只在我们操作纯表达式树,延迟类型检查时有(作为模板元编程的一部分)存在的必要。
References: TC PL4, Palo Alto TR, Sutton
参见:TC PL4, Palo Alto TR, Sutton
Enforcement(实施建议)
Flag template type arguments without concepts
标记没有使用概念的模板类型参数。
原文链接
https://github.com/isocpp/CppCoreGuidelines/blob/master/CppCoreGuidelines.md#t10-specify-concepts-for-all-template-arguments