1.cat
用于查看纯文本文件
格式：cat[选项][文件]
代码语言：javascript复制[root@linuxprobe ~]# cat -n initial-setup-ks.cfg
1 #version=RHEL7
2 # X Window System configuration information
3 xconfig --startxonboot
4
5 # License agreement
6 eula --agreed
7 # System authorization information
8 auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
9 # Use CDROM installation media
10 cdrom
11 # Run the Setup Agent on first boot
12 firstboot --enable
13 # Keyboard layouts
14 keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
15 # System language
16 lang en_US.UTF-8
17
18 ignoredisk --only-use=sda
19 # Network information
20 network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eno16777728 --onboot=off --ipv6=auto
21 network --bootproto=dhcp --hostname=linuxprobe.com
22 # Root password
23 rootpw --iscrypted $6$PeIDF1vfB3ZSSrXQ$fTg9v29sKCOGm48o1y/gqaTGhC62VIU1QuYYxxfyW3i4CqGgng3D.vYgKHhi8wiv/nmCQ0k4JWojFXzE28cV5/
24 # System timezone
25 timezone Antarctica/Casey --isUtc --nontp
26 user --homedir=/home/linuxprobe --name=linuxprobe --password=$6$nSxR57Hi9jP3usBn$KgRL6Bz1zZxXus90/WmAENEqIfWfmOocBBVV.XgQ0H.lTXPfwrk/P7rOdROx2LqQJ2/j1LT9hooO2nCd.8iq1. --iscrypted --gecos="linuxprobe"
27 # System bootloader configuration
28 bootloader --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
29 autopart --type=lvm
30 # Partition clearing information
31 clearpart --none --initlabel
32
33 %packages
34 @base
35 @core
36 @desktop-debugging
37 @dial-up
38 @fonts
39 @gnome-desktop
40 @guest-agents
41 @guest-desktop-agents
42 @input-methods
43 @internet-browser
44 @multimedia
45 @print-client
46 @x11
47
48 %end
49
1 #version=RHEL7
2 # X Window System configuration information
3 xconfig --startxonboot
4
5 # License agreement
6 eula --agreed
7 # System authorization information
8 auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
9 # Use CDROM installation media
10 cdrom
11 # Run the Setup Agent on first boot
12 firstboot --enable
13 # Keyboard layouts
14 keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
15 # System language
16 lang en_US.UTF-8
17
18 ignoredisk --only-use=sda
19 # Network information
20 network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eno16777728 --onboot=off --ipv6=auto
21 network --bootproto=dhcp --hostname=linuxprobe.com
22 # Root password
23 rootpw --iscrypted $6$PeIDF1vfB3ZSSrXQ$fTg9v29sKCOGm48o1y/gqaTGhC62VIU1QuYYxxfyW3i4CqGgng3D.vYgKHhi8wiv/nmCQ0k4JWojFXzE28cV5/
24 # System timezone
25 timezone Antarctica/Casey --isUtc --nontp
26 user --homedir=/home/linuxprobe --name=linuxprobe --password=$6$nSxR57Hi9jP3usBn$KgRL6Bz1zZxXus90/WmAENEqIfWfmOocBBVV.XgQ0H.lTXPfwrk/P7rOdROx2LqQJ2/j1LT9hooO2nCd.8iq1. --iscrypted --gecos="linuxprobe"
27 # System bootloader configuration
28 bootloader --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
29 autopart --type=lvm
30 # Partition clearing information
31 clearpart --none --initlabel
32
33 %packages
34 @base
35 @core
36 @desktop-debugging
37 @dial-up
38 @fonts
39 @gnome-desktop
40 @guest-agents
41 @guest-desktop-agents
42 @input-methods
43 @internet-browser
44 @multimedia
45 @print-client
46 @x11
47
48 %end
49 2.more
用于查看纯文本文件
格式：more[选项][文件]
代码语言：javascript复制[root@linuxprobe ~]# more initial-setup-ks.cfg
#version=RHEL7
# X Window System configuration information
xconfig --startxonboot
# License agreement
eula --agreed
# System authorization information
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
# Use CDROM installation media
cdrom
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --enable
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
# System language
lang en_US.UTF-8
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
# Network information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eno16777728 --onboot=off --ipv6=auto
network --bootproto=dhcp --hostname=linuxprobe.com
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $6$PeIDF1vfB3ZSSrXQ$fTg9v29sKCOGm48o1y/gqaTGhC62VIU1QuYYxxfyW
--More--(49%)3.head
用于查看纯文本文档的当前N行
格式:head[选项][文件]
代码语言：javascript复制[root@linuxprobe ~]# head -n 20 initial-setup-ks.cfg
#version=RHEL7
# X Window System configuration information
xconfig --startxonboot
# License agreement
eula --agreed
# System authorization information
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
# Use CDROM installation media
cdrom
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --enable
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
# System language
lang en_US.UTF-8
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
# Network information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eno16777728 --onboot=off --ipv6=auto4.tail
用于查看纯文本文档后N行或持续刷新内容，
格式：tail[选项][文件]
代码语言：javascript复制[root@linuxprobe ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages
Jun 7 17:33:35 linuxprobe systemd: Started Hostname Service.
Jun 7 17:36:18 linuxprobe dbus-daemon: dbus[1020]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='net.reactivated.Fprint' unit='fprintd.service'
Jun 7 17:36:18 linuxprobe dbus[1020]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='net.reactivated.Fprint' unit='fprintd.service'
Jun 7 17:36:18 linuxprobe systemd: Starting Fingerprint Authentication Daemon...
Jun 7 17:36:18 linuxprobe dbus-daemon: dbus[1020]: [system] Successfully activated service 'net.reactivated.Fprint'
Jun 7 17:36:18 linuxprobe dbus[1020]: [system] Successfully activated service 'net.reactivated.Fprint'
Jun 7 17:36:18 linuxprobe systemd: Started Fingerprint Authentication Daemon.
Jun 7 17:36:18 linuxprobe fprintd: ** (fprintd:8037): WARNING **: fprint init failed with error -99
Jun 7 17:36:18 linuxprobe systemd: fprintd.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=157/n/a
Jun 7 17:36:18 linuxprobe systemd: Unit fprintd.service entered failed state.tai命令的强悍的功能是一个可以持续刷新一个文件的内容，当想要实现实时查看最新日志文件，tail -f
5.tr命令
用于替换文本文件中的字符
格式：tr[原始字符][目标字符]
很多时候我们想快速替换文本中的一些词汇，又或者把整个文本内容都进行替换，如果进行手工替换，难免工作了太大，尤其是需要处理大批量的内容时，进行手工替换更是不现实。这时，可以用cat命令读取待处理文本，然后通过管道符，把这些内容传递给tr命令进行替换操作
代码语言：javascript复制[root@linuxprobe ~]# cat anaconda-ks.cfg| tr [a-z] [A-Z]
#VERSION=RHEL7
# SYSTEM AUTHORIZATION INFORMATION
AUTH --ENABLESHADOW --PASSALGO=SHA512
# USE CDROM INSTALLATION MEDIA
CDROM
# RUN THE SETUP AGENT ON FIRST BOOT
FIRSTBOOT --ENABLE
IGNOREDISK --ONLY-USE=SDA
# KEYBOARD LAYOUTS
KEYBOARD --VCKEYMAP=US --XLAYOUTS='US'
# SYSTEM LANGUAGE
LANG EN_US.UTF-8
# NETWORK INFORMATION
NETWORK --BOOTPROTO=DHCP --DEVICE=ENO16777728 --ONBOOT=OFF --IPV6=AUTO
NETWORK --HOSTNAME=LINUXPROBE.COM
# ROOT PASSWORD
ROOTPW --ISCRYPTED $6$PEIDF1VFB3ZSSRXQ$FTG9V29SKCOGM48O1Y/GQATGHC62VIU1QUYYXXFYW3I4CQGGNG3D.VYGKHHI8WIV/NMCQ0K4JWOJFXZE28CV5/
# SYSTEM TIMEZONE
TIMEZONE ANTARCTICA/CASEY --ISUTC --NONTP
USER --HOMEDIR=/HOME/LINUXPROBE --NAME=LINUXPROBE --PASSWORD=$6$NSXR57HI9JP3USBN$KGRL6BZ1ZZXXUS90/WMAENEQIFWFMOOCBBVV.XGQ0H.LTXPFWRK/P7RODROX2LQQJ2/J1LT9HOOO2NCD.8IQ1. --ISCRYPTED --GECOS="LINUXPROBE"
# X WINDOW SYSTEM CONFIGURATION INFORMATION
XCONFIG --STARTXONBOOT
# SYSTEM BOOTLOADER CONFIGURATION
BOOTLOADER --LOCATION=MBR --BOOT-DRIVE=SDA
AUTOPART --TYPE=LVM
# PARTITION CLEARING INFORMATION
CLEARPART --NONE --INITLABEL
%PACKAGES
@BASE
@CORE
@DESKTOP-DEBUGGING
@DIAL-UP
@FONTS
@GNOME-DESKTOP
@GUEST-AGENTS
@GUEST-DESKTOP-AGENTS
@INPUT-METHODS
@INTERNET-BROWSER
@MULTIMEDIA
@PRINT-CLIENT
@X11
%END6.wc
用于统计指定文本的行数、字数、字节数
格式：wc[参数]文本
-l 只显示行数
-w 只显示单词数
-c 只显示字节数
代码语言：javascript复制[root@linuxprobe ~]# wc -l /etc/passwd
38 /etc/passwd7.stat
用于产科文件的具体存储信息和时间等信息
格式：stat 文件名称
代码语言：javascript复制[root@linuxprobe ~]# stat anaconda-ks.cfg
File: ‘anaconda-ks.cfg’
Size: 1241 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file
Device: fd00h/64768d Inode: 68912045 Links: 1
Access: (0600/-rw-------) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)
Context: system_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0
Access: 2018-06-07 16:02:14.657903006 0800
Modify: 2018-05-25 03:53:59.660024224 0800
Change: 2018-05-25 03:53:59.660024224 0800
Birth: -8.cut
用于按“列“提取文本字符
格式：cut[参数]文本
在Linux中如何准确的提取最想要的数据，一般而言，按基于“行”的方式，来提取数据比较简单，只需要设置好要搜索的关键词即可。但是如何按列搜索，不仅要使用-f参数来设置需要看的列数，还需要使用-d参数来设置间隔符合。passwd在保存用户数据信息时，用户信息的每一项值之间是采用冒号来间隔
代码语言：javascript复制[root@linuxprobe ~]# head -n 2 /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
[root@linuxprobe ~]# cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd
root
bin
daemon
adm
lp
sync
shutdown
halt
mail
operator
games
ftp
nobody
dbus
polkitd
unbound
colord
usbmuxd
avahi
avahi-autoipd
libstoragemgmt
saslauth
qemu
rpc
rpcuser
nfsnobody
rtkit
radvd
ntp
chrony
abrt
pulse
gdm
gnome-initial-setup
postfix
sshd
tcpdump
linuxprobe9.diff
用于比较多个文本文件的差异
格式：diff[参数][文件]
